河南省2024-2025高二英语上学期开学考试试题

河南省2024-2025高二上学期开学联考英语试题考生留意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清晰。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：北师大版必修第一册~选择性必修第一册。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AForArtLoversWeAreWaterProtectorsCaroleLindstrom,illustrated(加插图)byMichaelaGoadeWaterislife!TheWaterProtectorsatStandingRockandbeyondhavebeenbattlingtodefendMotherEarth’ssacredwatertohonorourancestors,toprovideforourpeoplesandforfuturegenerations.Thispicturebook—seriously,it’sbreathtaking—waswrittenbyCaroleLindstromoftheTurtleMountainBandofOjibweandillustratedbyMichaelaGoade.(Forages3to6)AllBecauseYouMatterTamiCharles,illustratedbyBryanCollierFromthematteroftheuniversetoBlackLivesMatter,thisillustratedbookpullstogethertherealuniversetomakeitclearthatitsyoungreadersarespecialbeyondbelief.Drawinginspirationfromhisowngrandmother’sclothes-making,BryanCollierpairswithTamiCharlestodeliveranimportantmessage.(Forages4to8)Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera(意大利蜂)CandaceFleming,illustratedbyEricRohmannAbeautifullyillustratedApismelliferapresentedintastyoilpaintscycles.Youngreadersgetafrontrowseattothenaturalworldwhilevividwordsintroducetheanxietyleadingtothebee’sfirstflight.Thinkeachbeehasjustonejob?Thinkagain.Beesholdavarietyofoccupationsduringtheirshort,lovelylives—andyouthoughtyouwerebusy!(Forages6to9)ThePlainJanesCecilCastellucciandJimRuggCecilCastellucciandJimRugg’schildrencomicaboutfourgirlartistsattractedreaderswhenitwasreleasedin2007.Now,inareissue(再版)thatincludestheoriginaltalesalongwithanewstory,Castellucciagesuphermessage.WhiletheJanes’liveshavegrownmorecomplicated,Castellucci’sthemeremainssincereand—inthesetryingtimes—somethingmanyofusstruggletokeepinmind.(Forages8to15)1.WhichbookdoesMichaelaGoadedrawfor?A.ThePlainJanes.B.AllBecauseYouMatter.C.WeAreWaterProtectors.D.Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera.2.WhogaveBryanColliertheinspirationtoillustrateforAllBecauseYouMatter?A.Hisfamilymember.B.Hisreaders.C.Himself.D.TamiCharles.3.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareaboutendangeredanimals.B.Theyaretargetedatartloversundersixteen.C.Theyhavebeenreleasedmorethanonce.D.Theycontributetoenvironmentalprotection.BAblindChineseclimberreachedthesummit(顶点)ofQomolangma,knownintheWestasMountEverest,onMondaymorning,becomingthefirstblindpersonfromAsiaevertoconquertheworld’shighestsummit.ZhangHong,46,reachedthetopfromtheNepaliside,alongwiththreehigh-altitudeguides.Zhang,whowasborninChongqing,losthissightattheageof21.HenowworksatFukangHospitalAffiliatedwithTibetUniversityinLhasa.AsZhangbeganhisclimbofQomolangma,whichis8,848.86metersabovesealevel,hiscolleaguesinLhasawereexcitedtohearthenewsofhissuccess.“Manypeoplemayhavedoubtedhisattemptofclimbingatfirst,butIwasconfidentinhimfromthebeginning,”saidKyila,thesecretaryoftheFukangAngelFoundation,whoalsoisablindperson.“Iknewbeforethathecouldmakeit,andhedidmakeit.Iamreallyhappyforhim.Heisamodelforblindpeopletoencouragethemtochasetheirdreams.”Zhang’spassionforclimbingwasinspiredbyLotse,afamousTibetanclimberwhoconqueredalltheworld’s14summitsabovethealtitudeof8,000meters.LotsehadsharedthestoryoftheblindUSmountaineerErikWeihenmayer,whoclimbedQomolangmainMay2001.Zhangwastouchedbythestory,whichignitedhisdreamofclimbing.Asanamateurclimberforyears,Zhanghadconqueredthreemountainsabovethealtitudeof6,000metersbeforeclimbingtheworld’shighestsummit.HehadbegunpreparingfortheQomolangmaclimbin20l9.However,duetotheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病),allmountaineeringteamsonQomolangmawerecanceledinNepalandChinalastyear,andhehadtowaituntilrecentlytofinallymaketheattempt.4.WhatcanweinferfromwhatKyilasaid?A.HehadbeeninspiredbyLotse.B.HehadmuchbeliefinZhang’ssuccess.C.Zhang’scolleaguesdoubtedhismotivation.D.Zhangcenteredonclimbinginhissparetime.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”inparagraph5mean?A.Lighted.B.Accomplished.C.Followed.D.Recalled.6.WhydidZhangHongfailtoclimbQomolangmain2024?A.Hewastooweak.B.Hewasn’twellprepared.C.Apandemicbrokeout.D.Extremeweatheroccurred.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ZhangHongSetsanExampletoOthersB.ABlindClimberReachesQomolangmaSummitC.QomolangmaAttractsMoreChinesetoClimbD.AChineseClimberGotThroughthePandemicCInthedigitalage,werelyontechnologysuchassocialmediaintryingtobuildinterestingandvariedlives.SocialnetworkingsiteslikeFacebookaredesignedandpromotedtomakeusbelieveenthusiasticallythattheyareabletoopenupnewexperiencesforus.Thereareconstantnotifications(通知)andupdates,urgingustocheck-intofindoutwhatisnew.Butifwedonotusethetechnologywisely,wecanendupbecomingoverlyattachedandtrappedinacycleofsocialmediaFOMO,asignofdeeperunhappiness.FOMO,orfearofmissingout,isafearthatexcitingorinterestingeventsarehappeningsomewhereelseandthatwearenotabletojoin.PeoplewhoexperiencehighlevelsofFOMOhavebeenfoundtobemorelikelytogiveintourgestowriteandchecktextmessageswhiledriving,aswellastouseFacebookmoreoftendirectlyafterwaking,whilegoingtosleepandduringmeals.Whenitcomestolastinghappiness,itisbestnottogiveintoFOMO,butrathertodealwiththecycleofdesiresthatfuelit.Hardasitis,wearebetteroffworkingtowardfacingthefearfulrealitythatwecannotexperienceeverythingwemightlikethantogetcaughtinacycleofcheckingbehaviorsthatonlycauseanxiety.Ifwehavebecomeusedtousingsocialmediaaspartofourattemptsatlivinginterestinglives,wemustadmitthatitisnoteasytochangeourapproach.Butchangeisalmostalwaysworthwhileinthelongrun.ThefactthatFOMOissocommoninourdigitalageisasignthatthereissomethingwrongwiththewaywearepursuinghappinessandthatwearenotashappyaswemightthinkweare.Itshouldwarnusthat,inoureagernesstousedigitaltechnologytotrytomakeourselveshappier,wemayunintentionally(无意之中)bebringingonexactlytheoppositeresult.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedigitalagehasarrived.B.Sitesgivenetizensusefulexperiences.C.Peoplehavefallenintomoderntechnology.D.Socialmediaaredesignedtoattractpublicattention.9.WhichofthefollowingcouldberegardedassocialmediaFOMO?A.FailingtouseFacebook.B.Answeringacallduringshopping.C.Readingtextmessagesonreachingoffices.D.CheckingFacebookwhiledriving.10.WhydoestheauthorsuggestavoidingFOMO?A.Togainlong-timehappiness.B.Tospeedthecycleofdesires.C.Toworkmuchbetter.D.Toreducefearfulreality.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.EverybodyhasexperiencedFOMO.B.Digitaltechnologymaymakeusunhappier.C.Pursuinghappinessisasignofthedigitalage.D.Peoplemayunintentionallygetlostintechnology.DInWALL-E,asciencefictionmovie,alittlerobotisresponsibleforcleaningaworldcoveredingarbage;aworldwherethereisnolongerroomforanythingelse,notevenhumans!Thefilmencouragescommonpeople,worldwideleadersandbusinessmentoasktheobviousquestion:Whatcanbedonetopreventsomethinglikethishappening?Forsome,microfactoriescouldbecomethemostpromisinganswer.VeenaSahajwalla,amaterialsscientistandengineerinSydney,Australia,hasdiscoveredasolutiontothechallengingwasteproblem.Herone-stopapproachcouldgobeyondtheexistingrecyclingprocesses.Herwastemicrofactoriesmainlytargetelectronicwasteandplastic,andareessentiallylittletrashprocessors.Thesecantransformwasteintonewmaterialswiththehelpofthermal(热的)technology.“Usingourgreenmanufacturingtechnologies,thesemicrofactoriescantransformwaste,enablinglocalbusinessesandcommunitiestonotonlysolvelocalwasteproblems,buttodevelopacommercialopportunityfromthevaluablematerialsthatarecreated,”sheexplains.Humansgenerate2.01billiontonsofsolidwasteannually.Andasthefastestgrowingwastestream,approximately53.6milliontonsofe-wasteweregeneratedgloballyby2024.Despitecurrentefforts,only17.4percentofthisisknowntohavebeencollectedandproperlyrecycled.Meanwhile,worldwidee-wastegenerationisexpectedtocontinuetogrow,reachingalmost80milliontonsby2030.Althoughthemosteffectivesolutiontothewastechallengeswouldnotgenerateasmuchtrash,Sahajwallamicrofactoriesprovidehopeforallthewastethatalreadyexists.Hersolutionnotonlydecreasestheamountofwaste,butitalsoimprovesitsmanagementandenablesnewmanufacturingopportunitiesaroundthenewmaterialscreated.WALL-Eshowsusthebestandtheworstofwhathumanbeingshavetooffer.Itshowsheretheworldisheadedunlessthehumanspeciesslowsdownandstopsdevelopingatthecurrentpace.Butitalsoprovideshope,showingthatwealsohaveagreatpowertochangeandimprove.12.What’stheaimtowritethefirstparagraph?A.TotelluswhatWALL-Eisabout.B.Toshowthewidefutureofrobots.C.Tointroducetheuseofmicrofactories.D.TopraiseVeenaSahajwalla’scontribution.13.WhatdoweknowaboutVeenaSahajwalla?A.SheisatopscientistinAustralia.B.Shehasbeendevotedtogarbagefactories.C.Herwastemicrofactoriesarepractical.D.Hertrashprocessorsarebeingwidelypromoted.14.Howdoesthefourthparagraphdevelop?A.Bymakingcontrasts.B.Bylistingrelevantfigures.C.Bysummarizingtheabove.D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmicrofactories?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDeterminetheBestTimetoExerciseAnytimeofthedayyoucancommittoexercisingisagoodtimeforgettingactive.16Consideryourlifestyleandexercisegoalstohelpfindtherighttimeforyou.Youshoulddeterminewhenyouhavethemostenergy.Doyoustruggletogetoutofthebedinthemorningordoyouwakeupfullofenergyandreadytogo?17Onceyouestablishwhatyoursleeptendenciesare,youwillhaveabetterideaofwhenyourbodyismostlikelytoexercise.Ifyouarenotamorningperson,donotscheduleanearlymorningworkout.18Whenareyouthebusiest?Whendoyoutendtoscheduleyourmostimportanttasks?Trytofitinyourexercisebeforeoratleastaroundtheseeventsifpossible.Somepeoplewouldprefertoputitfirst,whileothersprefertoputitoffuntiltheendofthedaywhentheyareallcaughtup.Youshoulddetermineyourexercisegoals.Areyoutryingtoloseweight?Areyoutryingtoimproveyourperformance?Areyoutryingtodevelopaconsistentexerciseroutine?Ifyouaretryingtodeveloparoutine,youmaywanttoexerciseinthemorning.Ifyouwanttoimproveperformance,afternoonoreveningexercisemaybebest.19Startbyworkingoutatdifferenttimesoftheday.Bydoingthatyoucanknowhowyoufeelandfindthetimethatworksbestwithyourschedule.20A.Youshouldconsideryourdailyschedule.B.Youshouldknowhowtostartyouexercise.C.Keepanexercisenotetohelpyouevaluateeachtime.D.Thebesttimeforexerciseisdifferentforeachperson.E.Areyouanightpersonandnevergettobedbeforemidnight?F.Whenyoufindthegoalsareunsuitable,changethematonce.G.Youshouldexperimentwithbothmorningandeveningworkouts.其次部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其次部分语言学问运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)读下面短文,从短文AmaninTokyowhorentshimselfouttootherpeople“todonothing”hasreceivedmanyrequests(恳求)—andnowhe’sgettingpaidforit.ShojiMorimoto,37,started21himselfasapersonwhocan“eatanddrink,andgivesimplefeedback(反馈),butdonothingmore”inJune,20l8.“Ioffermyselfforrent,asapersonwhodoes22,”Morimoto23inhisfirsttweetaboutthis24service.“Isitdifficultforyoutoenterashoponyourown?Areyou25aplayeronyourteam?Doyouneedsomeonetokeepaplaceforyou?Ican’tdoanythingexcept26things.”Sincethen,he’sreceivedover3,000request.Heoriginallyofferedhis27forfree,butnow2810,000yen(roughly$96)justtoreducethenumberofrequestsandto29thetime-wasters.Morimotosaysheseesonaveragethreetofourclients(客户)aday.Peoplerenthimforavarietyof30butmostareboredand31andsimplywanttobelistenedto.He32weddings,accompaniedthosefilingfordivorce,andcaughtbutterflieswith33inthepark.“I’mgladIwasabletotakeawalkwithsomeonewhilekeepinga(n)34distance,wherewedidn’thavetotalkbutcouldifwewantedto,”oneclient35online.OneclientsaysshehasrentedMorimotoonatleast10occasions.Sheaskedhimtostaybesideherwhen36amanforthefirsttime,andalsohadhim37hertalkaboutherviewsonlove,whichshedidnotfeelcomfortabletalkingabouttoherfriends.Morimotocurrentlyhasnearly268,000Twitterfollowersandhasquithisfull-timepublishingjobto“donothing”.When38whyhethinkssomanypeopleareinterestedinhisservices,hesaid,“I’mnota39oranacquaintance(熟人).I’mfreeofthebothersomethingsthataccompanyrelationships,butcan40people’ssenseofloneliness.Maybeit’ssomethinglikethatforme.”21.A.praisingB.advertisingC.jokingD.analyzing22.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything23.A.debatedB.hidC.studiedD.wrote24.A.specialB.expensiveC.valuableD.popular25.A.amusingB.teachingC.missingD.calling26.A.simpleB.newC.difficultD.unusual27.A.giftsB.servicesC.signalsD.notes28.A.providesB.paysC.owesD.charges29.A.discourageB.measureC.increaseD.inspire30.A.explanationsB.reasonsC.discussionsD.questions31.A.awesomeB.rareC.vitalD.lonely32.A.gaveB.leftC.attendedD.broke33.A.brothersB.strangersC.familiesD.fellows34.A.comfortableB.astonishingC.largeD.apparent35.A.impliedB.insistedC.answeredD.posted36.A.meetingB.interviewingC.beatingD.attracting37.A.linkwithB.relyonC.listentoD.agreewith38.A.reportedB.askedC.blamedD.suspected39.A.patientB.workerC.studentD.friend40.A.reduceB.proveC.hopeD.interrupt其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Childrenarespendingan41(increase)amountoftimeindoors.42(compare)totheirgrandparentswhowouldhavespentmostoftheirfreetimeexploringtheworldoutsidetheirfrontdoors,kidsthesedaysaremorelikelyto43(find)athome.Computergames,televisionandtabletshavereplacedstickthrowing,treeclimbingandholebuildingaschildrenspendmoretimeindoors.44(thank)toparentalfearandareductioningreenspaces,thetime45isspentoutdoorstendstobeparent-lednowadays.Parent-ledplayisvery46(difference)fromunstructuredplayanddoesnotofferthesamebenefits.Both47(be)importantforchildren’sgrowth,butmanyfamiliesarefindinglesstimeforunstructuredplay.Ashomework,clubsandgroupsandscreensarecompetingforourkids’time,unstructuredfunisleftoutinthecold.Scientistshaveevencreatedtheterm“NatureDeficitDisorder”duetothewealthofhealthproblemsthatcandevelopfromspendingtoomuchtimeindoors.Unstructuredplayisjust48importantasoutdoorplayforchild49(develop).Itofferssocial,mentalandphysicalbenefits,aswellasjustbeing50funwaytokilltime.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Aprofessorgaveaballoontoeverystudent,whichhadtofillit,writetheirownnameonitandthrewitinthehallway.Theprofessorthenmixedalltheballoon.Thestudentsweregiving5minutestogetbacktheirownballoon.Despiteabusysearchfor,noonefoundtheirownballoon.Atthatpointtheprofessortoldthestudentstotakefirstballoonthattheyfoundandhandthemtothepersonwhosenamewaswrittenonit.Within5minuteseveryonehadtheirownballoon.Theprofessorsaidtothestudents,“Theseballoonsarelikehappy.Wewillneverfinditifeveryonekeeplookingfortheirown.Butifwecareaboutother