必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 语法知识+读后续写-筑基讲义 -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（人教版2019）含解析

必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters语法知识+读后续写-筑基讲义-2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（人教版2019）Part1单元语法讲义--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句Part2读后续写素材积累-六招高分开头技巧Part3单元语法+读后续写即时检测必修1Unit4NaturalDisastersPart1单元语法讲义--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句1.that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2.which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主语）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom:宾格，在从句中只能作宾语;只可指人（3）whose:表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名词=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)注意：①关系代词作介词宾语(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用whom；表物用which)②关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时,介词可放于从句之首,也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who和that用作介词宾语时,介词必须放在句末。）Thereare30studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.这个班里有30名学生，他们来自中国北方。Doyouknowtheboywhosehandwritingisverybeautiful?你认识那个书法非常漂亮的男孩吗？I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,thewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,ofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。Asa：as作为关系代词，常常用于固定句型中。thesame...as,as,such....as,so....asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.(as作主语)他们只能读类似这样的一些用简易英语改写的故事。Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.(as作宾语)这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.(as作宾语)这把小刀和我丢的那把很相似。b：such...as...与such...that...的区别such...as...中的as引导的是定语从句，而such...that...中的that引导的是结果状语从句。当as引导定语从句时，as在从句中一般作主语或宾语，而that引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分。Thisissuchadifficultproblemasmostofuscan'tworkout.这是一个我们大多数人都不能解决的难题。(从句中的workout缺少宾语，前面的as是关系代词，用作workout的宾语。)Sheissuchakindgirlthatmanystudentslikeher.她是个善良的女孩所以很多学生喜欢她。(状语从句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。)Part2读后续写素材积累--六招高分开头技巧第一招：副词开头Carefully,

hesteppedoverallthebrokenglass.他小心翼翼地踩过了所有的碎玻璃。Joyfully

，heskippedupthestreet.他很高兴地跳过了街道。

Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.

立刻，一片黑暗笼罩着森林。第二招：形容词短语开头Curioustoknowwhatwasinside,

hetiptoedintothedarkcave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮着脚尖走进了黑暗的洞穴。Unabletosayaword,

hewasrootedtothespot.一句话也说不出来，他就楞在了原地。Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的马前。

AfraidthatImighthurtthelovelysmallcreature,

Iautomaticallyletoutacrytostopmyhorse.

我害怕我会伤害这个可爱的小生物，我自动发出一声喊叫来阻止我的马。文章给的提示句是：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.我们不知道自己在哪里，天变黑了。

Exhaustedandhungry,

Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.

我又累又饿，想知道我们能不能找到回去的路。第三招：

非谓语开头Looking

aroundhimcautiously,heslippedintotheroomandsoftlyclosedthedoor.他小心翼翼地环顾四周，溜进了房间，轻轻地关上门。

Feelingdisappointed,

Jane

hadtostayaloneforanothernight.

简感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。Feelingrefreshed,

shecontinuedtowalkalongthe

stream

tofindthewayout.她感到神清气爽，继续沿着小溪散步，寻找出去的路。第四招：对话或独白开头：“Let’sseewhogetstherefirst!”

Rachelshouted,asshepedaledfastandzoomedpastJenny.“让我们看看谁先到那里去！”瑞秋一边叫着，一边飞快地蹬着车从珍妮身边冲过去。"Getintothe

car."

PaulshoutedatMac.

“上车！”

保罗对麦克喊道。第五招：背景描写Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway（我们开车穿过了几个州，沿途看到了很多好风景。）Ilookedoutofthecarwindow,windingrivers,loftymountains,sunnybeachesanddeepvalleys,

holdingmeentirelyintheirfascination.

我望着车窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。第六招：行为描写Furry

startedwagginghistailandrunningaroundincircles

whenhesawhismastertakingaleashoutfromthedrawer.Furrywasallreadyforhiseveningwalk.当他看到他的主人从抽屉里拿出一条皮带时，Furry开始摇，绕着圈跑。Furry准备好了晚上的散步。

Dad

exchangedaglancewithme.Whynotcamptosatisfy

Mom?

爸爸和我相互看了一眼。

为什么不露营来满足妈妈？Part3单元语法+读后续写即时检测定语从句1.（2024浙江1月卷）Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway_________willmakethemthemostmoney.2.（2023全国乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.3.（2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback._________4.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.6.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.7.（2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum__________openedin1759.8.（2019全国II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.9.（2023全国甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,_________RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.10.（2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravel11.（2022全国甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.12.（2023全国乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlookedjustperfect.13.（2020全国III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,__________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.14.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.15.（2023全国甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.16．(2022天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.A．why B．which C．that D．where17.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands_________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.18.（2020全国I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.19.（2020江苏卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.20.（2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom__________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem._________21.（2020江苏卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchooseforfree.二、读后续写（2024·山西·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asaneducator,IhavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheonesthatItrulyneedtolearn.Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,hewouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,Icouldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegantoinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhisperformances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.Throughourschoolmentoring(辅导制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteamthatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisitallofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasabletomaketheHonorRoll(光荣榜).Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhimwithateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehewascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewlypositiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,Iwasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationandperseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Sadly,whengraduationdayapproached,herefusedtoattendtheceremony._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Icanstillrememberhissmilefaceashewalkedacrossthatstagetoreceivehisdiploma._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part1单元语法讲义--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句Part2读后续写素材积累-六招高分开头技巧Part3单元语法+读后续写即时检测必修1Unit4NaturalDisastersPart1单元语法讲义--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句1.that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2.which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主语）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom:宾格，在从句中只能作宾语;只可指人（3）whose:表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名词=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)注意：①关系代词作介词宾语(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用whom；表物用which)②关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时,介词可放于从句之首,也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who和that用作介词宾语时,介词必须放在句末。）Thereare30studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.这个班里有30名学生，他们来自中国北方。Doyouknowtheboywhosehandwritingisverybeautiful?你认识那个书法非常漂亮的男孩吗？I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,thewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,ofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。Asa：as作为关系代词，常常用于固定句型中。thesame...as,as,such....as,so....asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.(as作主语)他们只能读类似这样的一些用简易英语改写的故事。Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.(as作宾语)这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.(as作宾语)这把小刀和我丢的那把很相似。b：such...as...与such...that...的区别such...as...中的as引导的是定语从句，而such...that...中的that引导的是结果状语从句。当as引导定语从句时，as在从句中一般作主语或宾语，而that引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分。Thisissuchadifficultproblemasmostofuscan'tworkout.这是一个我们大多数人都不能解决的难题。(从句中的workout缺少宾语，前面的as是关系代词，用作workout的宾语。)Sheissuchakindgirlthatmanystudentslikeher.她是个善良的女孩所以很多学生喜欢她。(状语从句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。)Part2读后续写素材积累--六招高分开头技巧第一招：副词开头Carefully,

hesteppedoverallthebrokenglass.他小心翼翼地踩过了所有的碎玻璃。Joyfully

，heskippedupthestreet.他很高兴地跳过了街道。

Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.

立刻，一片黑暗笼罩着森林。第二招：形容词短语开头Curioustoknowwhatwasinside,

hetiptoedintothedarkcave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮着脚尖走进了黑暗的洞穴。Unabletosayaword,

hewasrootedtothespot.一句话也说不出来，他就楞在了原地。Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的马前。

AfraidthatImighthurtthelovelysmallcreature,

Iautomaticallyletoutacrytostopmyhorse.

我害怕我会伤害这个可爱的小生物，我自动发出一声喊叫来阻止我的马。文章给的提示句是：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.我们不知道自己在哪里，天变黑了。

Exhaustedandhungry,

Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.

我又累又饿，想知道我们能不能找到回去的路。第三招：

非谓语开头Looking

aroundhimcautiously,heslippedintotheroomandsoftlyclosedthedoor.他小心翼翼地环顾四周，溜进了房间，轻轻地关上门。

Feelingdisappointed,

Jane

hadtostayaloneforanothernight.

简感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。Feelingrefreshed,

shecontinuedtowalkalongthe

stream

tofindthewayout.她感到神清气爽，继续沿着小溪散步，寻找出去的路。第四招：对话或独白开头：“Let’sseewhogetstherefirst!”

Rachelshouted,asshepedaledfastandzoomedpastJenny.“让我们看看谁先到那里去！”瑞秋一边叫着，一边飞快地蹬着车从珍妮身边冲过去。"Getintothe

car."

PaulshoutedatMac.

“上车！”

保罗对麦克喊道。第五招：背景描写Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway（我们开车穿过了几个州，沿途看到了很多好风景。）Ilookedoutofthecarwindow,windingrivers,loftymountains,sunnybeachesanddeepvalleys,

holdingmeentirelyintheirfascination.

我望着车窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。第六招：行为描写Furry

startedwagginghistailandrunningaroundincircles

whenhesawhismastertakingaleashoutfromthedrawer.Furrywasallreadyforhiseveningwalk.当他看到他的主人从抽屉里拿出一条皮带时，Furry开始摇，绕着圈跑。Furry准备好了晚上的散步。

Dad

exchangedaglancewithme.Whynotcamptosatisfy

Mom?

爸爸和我相互看了一眼。

为什么不露营来满足妈妈？Part3单元语法+读后续写即时检测定语从句1.（2024浙江1月卷）Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway_________willmakethemthemostmoney.【答案】that/which。【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。2.（2023全国乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“aplace”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。3.（2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.【答案】which或that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构，_________usedalotofplastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词acompany，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。4.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行词tool为物，故此处要填关系代词that或which。6.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在GiantPandaRange的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。7.（2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum__________openedin1759.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是theBritishMuseum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。8.（2019全国II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为thepetshop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。9.（2023全国甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,_________RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.【答案】as。【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。10.（2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.【答案】that/who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授KimCobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。11.（2022全国甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为CaoShengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。12.（2023全国乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlookedjustperfect.【答案】whose。【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。13.（2020全国III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,__________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。14.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr.Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr.Rowan’s”，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故填whose。15.（2023全国甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.【答案】where。【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。16．(2022天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.A．why B．which C．that D．where【答案】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Kenny仍然记得课堂上的讨论，老师要求学生们分享他们长大后想成为什么样的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词theclassdiscussion。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在课堂讨论中”，是“模糊地点”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。17.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands_________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。18.（2020全国I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.【答案】where【解析】句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是aspot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。19.（2020江苏卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.【答案】suits【解析】考查定语从句动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是asolution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。20.（2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom__________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉•哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，pastmistakes为现行词，_________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词canlearn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learnfrom“从……中学习”，可知应用fromwhich引导定语从句。21.（2020江苏卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchooseforfree.【答案】hich【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是manylessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。二、读后续写（2024·山西·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asaneducator,IhavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheonesthatItrulyneedtolearn.Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,hewouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,Icouldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegantoinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhisperformances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.Throughourschoolmentoring(辅导制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteamthatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisitallofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasabletomaketheHonorRoll(光荣榜).Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhimwithateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehewascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewlypositiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,Iwasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationandperseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Sadly,whengraduationdayapproached,herefusedtoattendtheceremony.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________