甘肃天水一中高三考前热身新高考英语试卷及答案解析

甘肃天水一中高三考前热身新高考英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Myteacheraskedmetocopy_____article_____secondtime． A．an;the B．an;a C．the;a D．the;the2．Believeitornot,itis________________thatcausesyourillness.A．becauseofyourbeingoverweight B．becauseyouareoverweightC．youaresooverweight D．yourbeingoverweight3．I'mverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers，without_____________helpIwouldn'tbesoexcellent.A．their B．whomC．whose D．which4．NotuntilIwentupfurther________thatunderthetree________,obviouslysoundasleep.A．thatIsaw;didaboylie B．Isaw;layaboyC．didIsee;didaboylie D．didIsee;layaboy5．-Mycomputerdoesn'twork!-Robertisacomputerexpert.HowIwishhe______withme.A．came B．hadcomeC．iscoming D．hascome6．NASAhasmadea________thatourearthhasnothreatassociatedwiththefilm2012whichisbasedonpuremyths.A．clarification B．classification C．identification D．presentation7．Everythingwasplacedexactly________hewanteditforthegraduationceremony.A．theplacewhere B．whenC．where D．inwhich8．Whilewewerelisteningtothespeechattentively,avoice_____toannouncetheresultoftheelection.A．brokein B．brokeup C．brokeoff D．brokedown9．EveryfouryearsAmericans__________thetransferofpower.A．carryoverB．carryoffC．carryonD．carryout10．Asisknown,itwasHuJintao,_______presidentofournation,whogave________lectureattheceremonyofNationalDayA．the;a B．the;/ C．a;the D．/;a11．Ascientist’sattempttoproducetheworld’sfirstgene-editedbabies_____areimmunetoHIVhassparkedcontroversyinacademiaandthepublic.A．as B．whoC．whom D．whose12．Peopleallthinkitstrangethattheboyshouldtellwhat’swrittenonthepaperinanotherroomwithoutlookingatit.Itreally________explanation.A．prevents B．challenges C．interrupts D．confuses13．EventhoughthewayLinDaiyuexpressesherfeelingsmaybe________toamodernaudience,itisrootedinhercharacterandmakeswhosheis.A．allergicB．foreignC．sensitiveD．fundamental14．---Couldweaccomplishthetaskaccordingtotheschedule?---Idoubtthat.Theproblemremains______wecangetfinancialaidwithinthisweek.A．that B．how C．why D．when15．Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,we______apicnicyesterday.A．musthavehad B．wouldhaveC．couldhavehad D．willhave16．Mikeislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoeshisboss.A．serves B．satisfiesC．promises D．supports17．—Iwonderwhyhehasbeenactingsostrangelythesedays．—Recentpressureatworkmay____hisbehavior． A．accountfor B．callfor C．changefor D．standfor18．—Canyoutellmesomethingabout_________science.—OK._NobelPrizeinChemistryisusuallyawardedtoAmericans.A．the;The B．/;The C．a;/ D．the;/19．Theteachertoldthechildren______quietinthemuseum.A．keepB．keptC．keepingD．tokeep20．Wehadbetterputoffinterviewingtheathlete,forheisbusypreparingforaninternationalcontest__________inShanghainextmonth.A．held B．toholdC．beingheld D．tobeheld第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Manyyearsago,peoplereliedonthesun,themoonandstarstofindtheirwayaround.Later,thecompasswasintroduced.Andnow,wehavesatnav（卫星导航）systemstoguideus.Asatnavsystemusesgroupsofsatellitestoshowtheuser’slocation.Theysendinformationtoareceiver,suchasasmartphone,toshowuswhereweare.TheearliestbuiltsatnavsystemistheGlobalPositioningSatelliteSystem,whichbelongstotheUS.ThenthereisRussia’sGlobalNavigationSatellitesystem，theEuropeanUnion’sGalileoandChina’sownsatellitenavigationsystem,Beidou.OnOctober18,2017,anARJ21-700plane,whichwasthefirstdomestically（国内地）producedjetequippedwiththeBeidounavigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.TheresultsshowedtheperformanceofthesystemdevelopedbyChinamatchesthatofsimilarsystemsproducedabroad,accordingtotheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina.Sinceitsintroductionin2000,theBeidounavigationsystemhasbeenincreasingnumbersofapplicationslinkedtoeverydaylife,fromsharedbikestofarming.Whenitcomestosharedbikes,smartlocksthatsupportBeidouchipsoffermoreaccuratepositioningthanothers,makingiteasiertofindabike.FarmerscanuseBeidou-enabledtractorstoplow（犁）thesoilanduseunmannedaircraftwithBeidoutosowseeds,whichcanimproveefficiencyandmakebetteruseofresources.Beidou’sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangProvincetoBeijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina.Withitsmanyuses,theBeidounavigationsystemisevenplayingabigroleintheBeltandRoadInitiative（一带一路）.“Todate,theBeidousystemhascoveredmostpartsoftheAsia-Pacificregion,aswellascountriesalongtheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeidousystem.Today,therearemorethan20Beidousatellitesaboveourheads,andChinaplanstolaunchevenmorethisyeartoexpandtheBeidounetworktobetterservetheBeltandRoadInitiative.“AsBeidouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogistics（物流）industry,”saidMiaoQianjun,SecretaryGeneralofthenavigationservicesassociation.“Ships,forexample,canuseittopositionthemselveswhilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries,nolongerlimitedtoSoutheastAsianregionsinthenearfuture.1、Whatisthepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Tocomparesomemodernsatnavsystems.B．Todescribethebenefitsofsatnavsystems.C．Totellushowsatnavsystemswerecreated.D．Tointroducesomesatnavsystemsandtheirfunctions.2、WhatcanweknowabouttheBeidounavigationsystemaccordingtothearticle?A．Itwasusedsuccessfullyinanewjetplane.B．Itismorepowerfulthanothersatnavsystems.C．ItwasintroducedtoChinaonOctober,2017.D．Itwasn’tusedinoureverydaylifeuntilrecently.3、Accordingtothearticle,theBeidounavigationsystemisalreadywidelyusedfor_______.A．plowingthesoilandsowingseedsB．improvingtheefficiencyofnetworkC．producingmoresmartlocksforsharedbikesD．navigatingshipsacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries4、WhatisMiaoQianjun’sattitudetowardthefutureoftheBeidousystem?A．Worried.B．Casual.C．Positive.D．Doubtful.22．（8分）YoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesdonothaveastrongunderstandingoftheworldandtheirplaceinit.TwoU.S.—basedgroups,theCouncilonForeignRelationsandtheNationalGeographic,Societycommissionedanonlinesurveyearlierthisyear.TheywantedtoknowwhatyoungpeopleeducatedinAmericancollegesknewaboutgeography,U.S.foreignpolicy,recentinternationalevents,andeconomics.Thesurveywasgiventoover1,200Americansbetweentheagesof18and3years.Allofthempresentlyattending,orhavingpreviouslygraduatedfrom,a2-or4-yearcollegeoruniversity.Theaveragetestscore,outof75totalpossibleanswers,was55percent.Thestudyidentifiesafewimportantproblems.Forexample,only30percentknewthattheonlypartoftheU.S.governmentthatcandeclarewarisCongress.Only60%ofthosetakingthesurveycouldidentifyBrazilonaworldmap.Partoftheproblem,arguetheorganizersofthesurvey,istheinternet.Theysayitisbecominghardertofindhigh-qualityinformationaboutworldeventsamongstallthefakenewsandtriviawhichswamptheweb.Forty-threepercentofthosequestionedsaidtheyreadaboutthenewsonFacebook.Anotherproblemisthatmostcollegecoursesdonotrequirestudentstolearnaboutinternationalissues.Ifsuchinformationisnotrequired,RichardHaassfromtheCouncilonForeignRelationssaid,thentheUnitedStatescouldhaveleaderslikeGaryJohnson.HewasarecentpresidentialcandidatewhodidnotknowabouttheSyriancityofAleppowhenareporteraskedhimaboutit.Thesurveyresultswerenotallbad.Theyoungpeoplealsodemonstratedagoodunderstandingofclimatechangeandrenewableenergy.Andthemajorityofthemsaidthatinternationalissueswerebecomingmoreimportanttothem.Haasssaysthesefindingssuggesttheneedtofindwastogetgoodinformationtostudents,bothinschoolandonline.Tohelp,theCouncilonForeignRelationsiscreatinganewprogramcalledCFRCampus,designedtohelpbuildknowledgeaboutglobalissues.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesurvey?A．AlltheparticipantswererecentuniversitygraduatesB．ItwasanonlinesurveyconductedbytwoUSuniversitiesC．ItsaimistofigureoutwhattheyoungpeopleknowaboutAmericaD．Itwasgiventoover1,200Americanpeopleagedfrom18to32、What’sonereasonsurveyorganizersgiveforyoungpeople’slackofknowledge?A．YoungpeopleareunwillingtotravelabroadB．ThesourcesfromwhichtheygettheirinformationC．TheUSuniversitysystemisofpoorqualityD．Theirlackofinterestinknowingmoreabouttheworld3、Accordingtothesurvey,whattopicdidtheyoungAmericansunderstandbest?A．EnvironmentalmattersB．GeographicinformationC．ForeignrelationsD．Governmentorganizations4、Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercouldwefindthisarticle?A．EconomicsB．EntertainmentC．PoliticsD．Education23．（8分）Weallthinkplantswereexpectedtogetlargerwithincreasedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,butchangesintemperature,humidity(湿度)andnutrientavailabilityseemtohavetrumpedthebenefitsofincreasedcarbondioxide”saidresearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore.45percentofthespeciesstudiednowreachsmalleradultsizesthantheydidinthepast.Theresearcherspointedoutthatwarmertemperaturesandchanginghabitats,causedbyclimatechange,arepossiblereasonsforshrinkingcreatures.“Wedonotyetknowthemechanisms(机制)involved,orwhysomeorganismaregettingsmallerwhileothersareunaffected,”theresearcherssaid.“Untilweunderstandmore,wecouldberiskingnegativeconsequencesthatwecan’tyetquantify.’’Thechangeisbigincold-bloodedanimals.Onlytwodecadesofwarmertemperaturesareenoughtomakeretiles(爬行动物)smaller.Anincreaseofonly1degreecentigradecausednearlya10percentincreaseinmetabolism(新陈代谢).Greateruseofenergyresultedintinytortoisesandlittlelizards.Fisharesmallernowtoo.Thoughoverfishinghasplayedapartinreducingnumbers,experimentsshowthatwarmertemperaturesalsostopfishgrowing.Warm-bloodedanimalsaren’timmune(免除)fromthesizechangecausedbyclimatechange.Manybirdsarenowsmaller.Soaysheeparethinner.ReddeerareweakenAndpolarbearsaresmaller,comparedwithhistoricalrecords.ThisisnotthefirsttimethishashappenedinEarth’shistory.55millionyearsago,awarmingeventsimilartothecurrentclimatechangecausedbees,spidersandantstoshrinkby50to75percentoverseveralthousandyears.Thateventhappenedoveralongertimethanthecurrentclimatechange.Thespeedofmodemclimatechangecouldmeanorganismsmaynotrespondoradaptquicklyenough,especiallythosewithlonggenerationtimesclimatechangewillbeshowninthefuture.1、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout_______A．Whysomespeciesbecomesmaller.B．HowclimatechangesinEarth’shistory?C．Climatechangehasmanynegativeeffects.D．Speciesarebecomingsmallerasclimategetswarmer.2、Theunderlinedword“trumped”mthefirstparagraphprobablymean_________.A．strengthenedB．gainedC．beatenD．equaled3、ResearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingaporebelievethat________A．theyhavefoundtheexactcausesforcreaturesgettingsmaller.B．alltheanimalsontheearthhavebecomesmaller.C．climatechangehasmorenegativeeffectsonwarm-bloodedanimals.D．increaseinenergyusecanleadtocreaturesgettingsmaller.4、Whatdoestheauthorfeelabouttheclimatechange?A．DisappointedB．OptimisticC．WorriedD．Shameful24．（8分）Atfirstsight,AlmaDeutscher,atwelve-year-oldgirlfromEnglandappearstobelikeanyothertypicalpre-teen.Shelovestoskiprope,readandplaywithheryoungersister.Butthismodestyoungster,whocomposedherfirstmusicalworkatagesix,firstshortoperaatageseven,andfirstfull-lengthoperabasedonCinderellaatageten,isanythingbutaverage.Thoughherparentsdownplayherextraordinarytalent,youngAlmaisbeingdescribedas“littleMozart”bythemusicworldAlma'soperatictakeontheclassicfairytale,whichshebeganwritingatageeight,hasaslighttwist.HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharmingthroughasong.“InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballad---butatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthemaidensofthelandtosingtheendoftheballad.”TheoperawasfirstperformedinVienna,AustraliaonDecember29,2016,wherethetheneleven-year-oldskillfullyswitchedbetweenthepianoandtheviolinandreceivesenthusiasticreviews.Theyounggeniushassinceperformedtwonewpianoworks,onceinAustraliaandtheotherinChina.Whilethismayappeartobealotforsomeonesoyoung,Almaisnotworried.Shesays,“ofcourseIhavetoworkhard.Butallchildrenhavetoworkhardforexams,andatleastwhenIworkhard,Iworkhardforsomethingincrediblyexciting,likeseeingmywholeoperaputonstage.Alma'smusicaltalentfirstcametolightbeforeshecouldeventalk.Herparentsrecallthatasan18-month-oldtoddler,shewasabletohumapitchperfectversionofthechildren’srhymeTwinkleTwinkleLittleStar.However,Alma’sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2012,afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlinecomparinghertoMozart.ThefamilywassuddenlyswampedwithmediarequestedandAlmabecameanovernightstar,dubbed“littleMozart”.Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled“acomposerandmusician”.Almadoesnotwanttobecomparedtothefamousartisteither,saying,“TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma.”Regardlessofwhatshecallsherself,thetwelve-year-oldischangingtheworldofmusicforever!1、WhatdoweknowaboutAlmaDeutscher?A．Shehasshowngreatmusicaltalentfromayoungage.B．Shecomesfromafamousmusicalfamily.C．SheregularlyperformstheclassicalmusicofMozart.D．Shehasadaptedsomefamousworksofclassicalmusic.2、HowdidAlmagettobewidelyknown?A．ByperformingontelevisionB．ThroughanonlinevideoC．ByputtingonanoperaD．Throughherparents’promotion3、WhatisAlma’sattitudetowardshersuccess?A．Sheisstillunsatisfiedwithherperformance.B．SheismodestabouthermusicalachievementsC．Sheisuncomfortablewithsomuchpressure.D．Sheisproudtohavebecomeaprofessionalmusician.4、WhatcanweinferaboutAlma’sparents?A．Theyareverywell-educatedpeople.B．TheyhavemadeagoodlifeplanforAlma.C．TheyhavepushedAlmatotakeupmusic.D．Theyareprotectiveoftheirdaughter.25．（10分）ItwasamorninginJanuary.Thejetstream(急流)haddippeddown,causingtheArcticcoldtoreachthemountainsofmyhome.Itwasonly2degreesoutside,butthecoldwindmadeitfeellikeitwas15belowzero.Still,Iwaskneelinginthesnowalongsidemyhousetryingtoopenatinydoor,soIeouklgetin.1hadforgottentoleavemywaterdrippingthenightbeforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets(水龙头)weredry.ThewindcutintomelikeaknifewhileIstruggledtogettwoelectricheatersinplacearoundthesectionoffrozenpipes.Thewaterlineswereburiedexceptforasmallpiecethatconnecteduptomyhouse.Iputaheateroneachsideofit,rantheextensioncords(软线)intomyhouseandpluggedthemin.Bothheatersroaredtolifeandstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwaterpipes.Myfingershadalreadystartedtogonumb,soIstayedinsidetowait.Icouldonlyhopethatthisbitofwarmthcouldgetmywaterflowingagain.Finally,aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowingthroughmyfaucetsagain.Iwentbackoutsideintothebillercoldandgatheredmyheatersup.IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.Sometimesthecoldnessofthislifecangettousaswell.Itcanmakeourheartsfeelicyandfrozen.Itcankeepourkindnessandlovefromflowingouttoothers.Sometimes,though,allweneedisabitofwarnthtogetusgoingagain.Itcanbeasimplesmile,akindword,aheart-felthug,amorningsunrise,abird'ssongoranygentlereminderofjusthowmuchGodlovesus.Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwannthforotherseverychanceweget.1、Whatwasthedirectreasonwhythewaterpipeswerefrozen?A．Thejetstream.B．Thelowtemperature.C．Thecoldwind.D．Theauthor'sowncarelessness.2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"roaredtoinParagraph2?A．Beganfunctioningsmoothly.B．Workedinappropriately.C．Brokedownsuddenly.D．Screamedoutloudly.3、Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhiswork?A．Embarassed.B．Satisfied.C．Madwithjoy.D．Cautiouslyoptimistic.4、Whatisthelastparagraphmainlycenteredon?A．Thecoldnessoflifehasanegativeeffectonourlifequality.B．Wemeetwiththecoldnessoflifeunavoidablyandunwillingly.C．Weshouldbethankfulforbitsofwarmthoflife.D．Weshouldseizeeverychancetoreceivewarmthoflifefromothers.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）ItstartedonaFriday1whenthe5-year-oldandhisolderbrotherwereplaying2theirhomeneartheresorttownofAspen,Colorado.Hearingthesoundof3,themotherracedtoherfrontyardtofinda4sight:Amountainlionwasbentoverher5-year-oldson,bitinghim.Thepoorboywascompletelyunderthecatandwas5togetfree.Sothemother6shechargedtheanimal,pulledawayoneofits7suddenlywithalotofforceanddiscoveredherson’swholeheadwasinitsmouth.Shedidn’tbackdown.Themother8thelion’smouthandgotitopen,9theboy.Shethenquicklypickedhimupandranaway.Theboy’sfatherhadjustreturnedfromarunwhenthe10occurred.He11intothecarwithhiswifeandsonandcalled911shortlybefore8p.m.Asthey12toahospitalinAspen.Theboysufferedcutstohis13,faceandneck.Themother14bitemarksonherhandandscratchesonherleg.AspenvalleyHospitalreportedthatthechildwasnotseriouslyinjuredandin15conditionandhassincebeen16tochildren’sHospitalinDenverforhisrecovery.Themountainlionwasestimatedtobeabout2yearsoldandwasnotfullygrown.Itwas,perhaps,forcedouttohuntonitsown.Younglionsmaybekeenoneasy17,likepetsandsmallchildren.18,itwasn’tabigcat.Haditbeena110-poundlion-whichwasonceseenaroundthere-thiswouldhavebeenamuch19story.Themother,whohadtophysicallyremovethelion’spawsfromherson’sface,iscreditedwith20hislife.She’sarealhero.1、A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．noon2、A．inside B．outside C．towards D．under3、A．screams B．laughter C．applause D．cheers4、A．surprising B．magical. C．moving D．terrifying5、A．running B．waiting C．struggling D．walking6、A．sprangintoaction B．burstintotears C．thoughttwice D．pulledout7、A．eyes B．paws C．ears D．teeth8、A．grabbed B．covered C．beat D．kissed9、A．comforting B．scolding C．stopping D．freeing10、A．error B．attack C．headache. D．comedy11、A．crashed B．looked C．jogged D．jumped12、A．sped B．swam C．dived. D．got13、A．legs B．feet C．head D．bottom14、A．suffered B．carved C．drew D．removed’15、A．terrible B．fair C．bad D．poor16、A．carried B．advised C．sold D．transferred17、A．plants B．toys C．targets D．animals18、A．unluckily B．generally C．eventually D．fortunately19、A．beautiful B．happier C．different D．authentic20、A．wasting B．saving C．ending D．risking第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）ABiteofChina,aChinesedocumentarytelevisionseriesonthehistoryoffood,1．(eat)andcooking,returns!TheshowbroadcastonCCTVChannelseveryFridaynow.Coveringover300different2．(dish)andmorethan150people,thenewseasonnotonlyisasimple3．(introduce)tofood,butalso4．investigation(调查)ofChinesepeopleandsociety.Hottopics,suchashighereducation,5．(discuss)inthedocumentaryseries.LiuHongyan,director6．thedocumentaryaswellasafamousfoodwriterinChina,wishes7．(explore)therelationshipbetweenChinesepeopleandtheirfoodthroughtheshow.TheBeautyandmysteryofChinesefoodhadneverbeen8．(proper)explainedorthoroughlyappreciatedonanartisticlevel9．theshowABiteofChinawasputontheTVscreeninMay,2012.Let’stravelalongABiteofChinaIII,anotherjourneyoffoodandculture,10．willneverletyoudown!第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Iwasgoinghomebybikeinacoldafternoonwhenmybikebrokedown、AsIwaswonderinghowtodo,anoldmancameover、Heofferedtohelpmeandsoonmybikerepaired、Ithankedhimbutaskedhowtorewardhim、Sheshookhisheadandthentoldmeastoryabouthowaboyhadhelpedhimtwoyearbefore、Hisstorymovedmedeep、Ilookedattheman,withmyeyesfillingwithtears、Ineverthoughthecouldkeepsuchalittleincidenti