中考英语真题分类训练-题型三一选择型阅读分类训练20做法建议类主题4人与自然·环保意识与行为

主题4人与自然·环保意识与行为A(2022北京)Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?Greenismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Buyingagreenproductisasmallstepeveryonecantake.Decidingwhetheraproductisgreen,however,isn'talwayseasy.Weneedtoconsiderthewholelifecycleoftheproduct,evenafterit'sofnouse.Hereiswhatwemaykeepinmind.Thematerialsofaproductareusuallyourfirstfocus(关注).Whatisitmadeof?Arethereanyharmfulchemicalsinit?Greenproductsaremadeofmorenaturalmaterialswhicharefreefromharmfulchemicals,sotheycanbegoodforourphysicalhealth.Packagingisimportant.Howisaproductpackaged?Isitoverpackaged?We'dbetterchooseglass,metalandpaperpackaging,asthesecanbereusedormoreeasilyrecycled(回收利用).Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbaggedproductswheneverpossible.Thelocation(地点)matters.Wherewasaproductproduced?Wherearewebuyingit?Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittous.Trytochooselocalproducts.Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocalfarmers,shopatmarketsandbuyfruitsinseason.Buyingfromstoresnearourhousesisalsoagoodchoice,becausewecangotherewithoutdrivingacar.Lookintowhatthecompanytellsusabouttheirproduct.It'seasytosaythataproductis"green"or"allnatural",butthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentallyresponsible.

Thegreenestthingiscertainlytheonewedon'tbuy.Thingslikefoodandclothingarenecessaryforlife.Butmanyothersarenot.Betterthanbuyingischoosingtoleaveanunnecessaryproductinthestoreanddoingwithout.Itsendsamessagetotheproducer,keepsmoneyinourpockets,reduces(减少)wasteandkeepstheplanethealthy.1Thewriterwouldsuggestchoosingaproductthatis.

A.overpackagedB.deliveredfromabroadC.locallyproducedD.madeofunnaturalmaterials2Thewords"betakenwithagrainofsalt"inParagraph5probablymean"".

A.beeasilyunderstoodB.notbecompletelybelievedC.bewidelyspreadD.notbequicklyforgotten3Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BuyingGreen B.RecyclingWasteC.KeepingHealthy D.ReducingEnergyUseB(2022安徽)Thenightskyisourearliestlibrary.There,westoredourknowledge,andpasseditdownaroundthefire,beforeweinventedthewrittenword.Iremembergoingtothelocaluniversityforanastronomy(天文学)nightwhenIwasachild.Thatnight,IsawSaturn,oneoftheplanets,anditsringswithmyowneyesforthefirsttime.Theringsshonebrightagainsttheblacknessofspaceandsuddenlytheuniverse(宇宙)wasn'tsomethingthatyouonlyreadaboutorimaginedinyourhead.Itwasrightthere,andyouwereapartofit.Thatmomentispriceless.Whilestarlightisgood,lightpollutionhereonEarthcanbearealproblem.Forthepast200yearsorso,wehaveusedtoomuchelectricity(电)tomakethenightbrighter.However,beingbrighterdoesn'tusuallymeanbetter,especiallywhenalotofthatlightshinesupintotheskywherenooneneedsit.Luckily,somecitieshavetakenaction,likesettingupnewdownward-directinglightsalongthestreets.Ihopethatmorecitieswilljoininandcontinuethepracticeofcontrollingunnecessarylighting,sothatmoreofuscanwatchthenightskyinawayhumanshaveforthousandsofyears.1Whatisthenightskycomparedto?A.Abook. B.TheEarth.C.Alibrary. D.Theuniverse.2Howdidthewriterfindtheastronomynight?A.Itopenedhiseyes.B.Itcontrolledhismind.C.Itwasarealproblem.D.Ittookhimtoomuchtime.3Whatdoesthewriterhopefor?A.Abrighternight.B.Lessuseoflighting.C.Morepersonalspace.D.Abettereducation.C(2022包头)Morethan1,000schoolsacrosstheUKhavesignedupto(签订)aprojectwiththeaimofhelpingschoolsbecomecarbonneutral(碳平衡的)by2030.Becomingcarbonneutralmeanscuttingdowncarbonemissions(碳排放)tozeroorbalancingthemoutinotherways.Carbonemissionsaregasessuchascarbondioxide(CO2)thatcomeoutintotheatmosphere,wheretheymakeclimatechangeworse.Thishasalsocausedthetemperaturerise.Emissionsarecausedbyallsortsofhumanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuels(coal,oilandgas)tomakeenergyandcuttingdownforestsandsometypesoffarms.Becomingcarbonneutralincludescuttingthenumberofcarbonemissionsaschoolproducesandbalancingthosethatareleftbytakingsomecarbonoutoftheatmosphere.Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchangescanmakeabigdifference.Thesemightincludethinkingcarefullyaboutenergyuse,cuttingwaste,growingfoodclosertowhereit'seatenandwalkingorcyclingtoschoolifitispossible.WaysofbalancingoutthecarbonemissionsthataschoolstillmakesincludeplantingtreesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.YsgolBroDinefwrinWaleshaspromisedtorunentirelyonrenewable(可再生的)energy(suchaswindandsolarpower)withinthenextthreeyears.AtDownHighSchoolinNorthernIreland,thestudentsarelookingaftertheirownbees.Sowhenflowersandcropsproducefood,thathelps.Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfoodwastebyweighingitaftereachmealtoknowhowmuchisnotbeingeaten.Someputthewasteintoasystemthatcanturnthiswasteintousefulthings.Theywillbeputinthegardentohelpplantsgrow.Climatechangeisseenasamajorglobalchallenge.Wecanseeitallaroundus.Sojointogether,findoutwaysyourschoolcanputeffortsinto,andtalktoateacheraboutsigningup.1Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Humanactivitiesinfluencetheenvironment.B.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.C.MoreUKschoolsshouldbeintroducedtotheworld.D.Wecoulddealwiththeclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.2Howcouldtheschoolsreducecarbonemissions?A.Bymovingtothecountryside.B.Bycuttingwasteandplantingtrees.C.Byprovidingmorespacesforstudents.D.Byburningcoalinsteadofgastomakeenergy.3WhydoestheauthorgiveexamplesoftheschoolsinParagraph4?A.Topraisetheseschools.B.Toshowthedifficultiesintheproject.C.Tocallformoreschoolstotakeaction.D.Toexplaintheeffortsmadebythegovernment.4Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoHelpPlantsGrowB.SchoolsSignUptoHelpthePlanetC.CarbonEmissionsintheUKSchoolsD.OurPlanet,aWonderfulLivingPlace主题4人与自然·环保意识与行为A【短文大意】本文主要介绍了如何绿色购物。【素养落地】本文引导学生树立环保意识,践行绿色生活理念,体现了文化意识这一核心素养。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Trytochooselocalproducts"可知,作者建议选择当地生产的产品,故答案为C。2.B【解析】词义猜测题。画线内容前提到,宣称一个产品是"环保的"或者"纯天然的"很容易,但这些词好得难以令人相信;画线内容后提到,毕竟,公司设法让我们相信他们的产品是对环境负责的。由此可推知画线内容所在句是说,因此,关于一个产品的很多信息都不能全信。故答案为B。3.A【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了如何绿色购物,故A项最适合作本文的标题。B【短文大意】曾经,夜空如图书馆一般为人类带来了知识。然而,现代社会的光污染却使很多人难以体验到夜空之美。作者通过讲述自己的经历以及一些城市为减少光污染而做出的努力,呼吁更多城市采取行动来守护夜空。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Thenightskyisourearliestlibrary"可知答案为C。2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的描述,特别是其中的"Isaw...withmyowneyesforthefirsttime...theuniverse(宇宙)wasn'tsomethingthatyouonlyreadaboutorimaginedinyourhead.Itwasrightthere,andyouwereapartofit.Thatmomentispriceless"可推知,天文学之夜使作者增长了见识,故选A。openone'seyes(tosth.)意为"(使人)长见识(或开眼界)",用法示例:Travellingreallyopensyoure