初升高英语入门之定语从句浅析

定语从句（II）课程大纲柒、关系副词七、关系副词ThedaywhenIstoplearningisthedaywhenIdie.活到老学到老七、关系副词1.ThedaywhenIstoplearningisthedaywhenIdie.2.ThisisthetownwhereIgrewup.3.InterestisthereasonwhyIlikestudying.时间名词地点名词原因名词时间状语地点状语原因状语七、关系副词wherewespentourvacationtherelastsummer.Guangzhouisabeautifulcitythere地点状语Guangzhouisabeautifulcitywhichthatin+whichwhere=地点介词+whichwespentourvacationlastsummer.wherewespentourvacationinthatcitylastsummer.wespentourvacationlastsummer.inwhich七、关系副词2.抽象地点名词作先行词在使用where当关系副词的定语从句中，常见的先行词有city,place,house等具体的地点名词。而一些抽象地点名词如_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________等作先行词时，也要考虑使用关系副词where。※具体的分析和用法将在下期视频“定语从句(III)的特殊先行词”部分进行讲解总结。case(情况)、situation、example、life(人生)、family(家庭)、dream(梦)、people(人群)、stage(阶段)、heaven(天堂)、relationship(友谊)where七、关系副词whenI'llneverforgetthedayImetmyEnglishteacherthen.whenImetmyEnglishteacher.then时间状语

I'llneverforgetthedayImetmyEnglishteacheronthatday.ImetmyEnglishteacher.onwhichwhichthatonwhichwhen=时间介词+which七、关系副词whenthat不填七、关系副词why1.why与forwhich用关系副词why合并下列两句话：a.Highteachingqualityisthemajorreason.b.Istudyatthisschoolforthatreason.___________________________________________________________________________________________HighteachingqualityisthemajorreasonIstudyatthisschoolforthatreason.whyIstudyatthisschool.这句话如果用关系代词which替代名词thereason，可以改写成：因此我们可以得到：why=

forwhichHighteachingqualityisthemajorreasonIstudyatthisschoolforthatreason.注意：在这种结构中，只能用介词

Istudyatthisschool.for+whichfor捌、介词+关系代词八、介词+关系代词1.关系副词(when/where/why)=__________/__________/_____+whichTherewasatimewhen/duringwhichIwasthetopstudentinmyclass.Thelibrarywhere/inwhichstudentsoftenstudywasonfireyesterday.I'dlikeyoutoexplainthereasonwhy/forwhichyoudon'tlikeme.时间介词地点介词for八、介词+关系代词2.数量词/形容词的比较级或最高级+________+

表示数量关系(2)形容词的比较级或最高级+of+which/whom[]Therearetwobuildings,_______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(湖北高考2004)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhichof(1)数量词+of+which/whom表示数量关系：a.数词：one,two,twothirds,75%e.g.Ihavefiveforeignfriends,_________________camefromtheUS.(其中三个)b.表示数量含义的不定代词：all,each,both,either,neither,none,little/alittle,few/afew,many,much,some,most,any,half,several,anumber,themajority(多数)/minority(少数)等。e.g.Herearethequestions,____________________________Ithoughtareeasyforyou.(其中一些/大多数/全部)threeofwhom【灵魂拷问】Ihavefiveforeignfriendsand_________________camefromtheUS.(其中三个)前提：在定语从句中！threeofthemsome/most/allofwhichwhich/whomD(which指物，whom指人）步骤：判断定从→判断句型→判断物/人八、介词+关系代词注意：只有当定语从句修饰的是事物时，我们才可以使用"the+n.+of+which"去替换"whose+n."；如果先行词是人，只能使用"whose+n."的结构，而不能改写成"the+n.+of+whom"，就如“我的房间”只有“myroom”的表达而没有“theroomofmine”。3.“the+名词+of+__________”表示所属关系=“_____________”whichwhose+n.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofwasleaking.这句话也可以改写成：Ilivedinahouse_____________________wasleaking.theroofofwhich或者：Ilivedinahouse_____________________wasleaking.ofwhichtheroof敲黑板：the不能省略八、介词+关系代词4.含介词词组中的介词+which/whom（其本质是介词前置：which……+prep.=prep.+which……）Intheschool,therewasn'tasingleperson______Iwasfamiliarwith.→Intheschool,therewasn'tasingleperson______________Iwasfamiliar.【小试牛刀】Iboughtmanyflowers___________Ispentallmymoney.→Iboughtmanyflowers________Ispentallmymoneyon.whowithwhomonwhichwhich5.关系限定词的固定介词短语【上讲回顾：在定从中，which替代限定词；whose替代限定词变成"whose+n."的形式】Shemaybelate,________________(case)weshouldwaitforher.(在这种情况下)IfailedinmyEnglishtest,_________________(point)IrealizedthatIshouldmemorizemorewords.(在这个时刻)IfailedinmyEnglishtest,___________________(reason)Isignedup(报名参加)forextra-class.(因为这个原因)I'mverygrateful(感激)tomyhighschoolteachers,_______________________(help)Iwouldn'tbesoexcellent.(没有他的帮助)inwhichcaseatwhichpointforwhichreasonwithoutwhosehelp八、介词+关系代词1.依据定语从句中动词、形容词、名词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。Heistheman____whomIthinkyoucandepend.Therearesomebooks______whichIwasnotveryfamiliar.Howtolivelongerisaquestion___whichnooneknowstheanswer.onwithto2.依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定。I'lIneverforgetthetime______________________Ispentmychildhoodinthecountry.Iadmiredthepatience______whichshespoke.Doyouknowtheage____whichMonroedied？3.根据所表达的意思来确定。Thecolorlessgas_________________wecannotliveiscalledoxygen.Thereisatreeoutside,________whichstandsourEnglishteacher.Thereisatreeoutside,____whichstandsabird.Thereisatreeoutside,____whichtherearemanyapples.Wewouldliketothankthesefoundersofourlibrary,_______________________thiswouldnothavebeenpossible.duringwhich/whenwithatwithoutwhichunderinonwithoutwhosehelp或withoutwhom玖、介词+关系副词九、介词+关系副词LiNingsetupaschoolforgymnastsin1991,sincewhen/sincewhichtimehehascontinuedtohelpyoungpeopletoachievetheirsportingambitions(抱负).我们不妨试着将这个定语从句还原成两个简单句：a.LiNingsetupaschoolforgymnastsin1991.b.________________________________hehascontinuedtohelpyoungpeopletoachievetheirsportingambitions.我们在讲解关系副词when的时候提到，when可以指代替换时间副词then，因此这句话改成定语从句时，应该变成用when替换then，同时保留since，变成"...,sincewhen..."；而在讲解关系限定词which的时候我们提到，which可以替代限定词that，因此这句话也可以写成,".....,sincewhichtime...."，所以____________________________________Sincethen/Sincethattimesincewhen=sincewhichtimesincewhen九、介词+关系副词bywhen再试着翻译一下下面这句话：他们去年定居西雅图，在那之前，她已经获得了经济学硕士学位。TheysettledinSeattlelastyear,_____shehadobtainedamaster'sdegreeineconomics.这句话如果拆分成两个简单句，我们可以写成：a.Theysettledin