2024海南中考英语二轮复习 微专题 名词填空（课件）

微专题名词填空

考情概览1

即时训练4

一、名词填空——针对首字母或汉语提示2

二、用所给名词的适当形式填空——针对方框选词3考情概览考查题型考查点考查角度针对首字母或汉语提示首字母提示(10年6考)可数名词单数(10年4考)，不可数名词(2023.76，2022.71)汉语提示(10年6考)可数名词单数(10年3考)，不可数名词(10年3考)方框选词名词变复数(10年9考)规则变化(10年8考)，不规则变化(2022.75,woman→women)考查题型考查点考查角度方框选词名词变形容词(10年3考)n.＋­y(snow→snowy)n.＋­ly(love→lovely)n.＋­ful(use→useful)名词变名(2022.80)science→scientist名词变动词(2022.79)introduction→introduce一、名词填空——针对首字母或汉语提示(10年12考) 解答此类试题时，首先应根据句意或汉语提示判断所填词的词义；再分析句子结构判断是否填名词。判断空格处使用名词的方法如下：二、用所给名词的适当形式填空——针对方框选词(10年14考)分析海南近10年中考真题可知，方框选词试题2023年由“词汇A方框选词完成句子”变为“词汇B方框选词完成短文”，考查点仍然延续往年的特点。1考向可数名词单数变复数(10年9考)(一)可数名词(1)可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，如：adesk,twodesks；(2)可数名词可以被基数词、不定冠词(a/an)和many修饰，如：threeboys,anapple,manystudents;(3)常以复数形式出现的名词有：trousers/pants裤子，glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，scissors剪刀，chopsticks筷子，shorts短裤，socks短袜等。知识必备(4)可数名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法例词一般情况加­scoin→①________(2023.81)animal→②________(2023.75)film→films(2020.81)club→clubs(2022.78)kilo→kilos(2023.71)以字母s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加­esbox→③________(2023.77)watch→watches特例：stomach→stomachscoinsanimalsboxes情况构成方法例词以字母f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v再加­eswife→wivesleaf→leavesknife→④________特例：belief→beliefs以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i，再加­escountry→⑤________(2022.78)story→storiesknivescountries情况构成方法例词以辅音字母加o结尾的词加­es或­s有生命加­estomato→⑥________(2022.67)hero→heroes无生命加­spiano→pianostomatoes①以o结尾的名词，多数情况加­s,如：radio→radios,photo→photos。有些在词尾加­es，可巧记为“英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)和西红柿(tomato)”；②有些以f或ef结尾的词直接加­s变成复数，如：roof→roofs,proof→proofs,chief→chiefs。注

意(5)可数名词复数的不规则变化表情况构成方法例词变内部元音字母或组合变a为eman→menwoman(2022.75)→⑦________gentleman→gentlemen特例：German→Germanshuman→humans变oo为eefoot→feettooth→⑧________goose→geese特例：boot→boots其他mouse→micewomenteeth情况例词单复数同形sheep→sheepdeer→deerChinese→ChineseJapanese→Japanese词尾加­renchild→children(二)不可数名词(1)不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,meat。(2)不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词(a/an)直接修饰，若表示数量，可用量词词组来表达，如：apieceofpaper,twocupsoftea。(3)只修饰不可数名词的词或短语：much,little,alittle,abitof,agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof等。(4)中考常见的不可数名词 不可数名词，即不能用数字来进行计算的名词，可分为：物质名词和抽象名词。类别例词物质名词液体orange橙汁milk牛奶water水wine酒juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡soup汤oil油食物bread面包meat肉自然物质soil土壤sand沙子wood木头类别例词抽象名词情感joy高兴sadness忧伤学科math数学geography地理physics物理chemistry化学概念advice建议information信息news消息time时间knowledge知识music音乐 既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的名词拓

展名词可数不可数名词可数不可数chicken小鸡鸡肉paper报纸；文件纸experience经历经验room房间空间fish鱼鱼肉time次数；倍数时间glass玻璃杯玻璃wood树林木头orange橙子橙汁work作品工作2考向名词变形容词(10年3考)(1)be动词/系动词/感官动词＋形容词(2022.76，2023.74)。如：Pandasaresolovely(love)．(2022.76)Thismachineisveryuseful(use)．(2023.74)(2)形容词＋名词(2022.69)。如：snowy(snow)day(2022.69)；(3)复合不定代词＋形容词。如：somethingwonderful(wonder)；(4)形容词＋and/or＋形容词。如：beautifulandpeaceful(peace)。常见的名词变形容词的规律如下：(1)n.＋(双写末尾字母)­y(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)(2022.69)cloud→cloudy snow→snowysun→sunny rain→rainywind→windy fog→foggy(2)n.＋­ly(2022.76)friend→friendly love→lovely知识必备(3)n.＋­ful(2023.74)use→useful help→helpfulharm→harmful power→powerfulwonder→wonderful(4)n.＋­al或去e＋­alcentre→central culture→culturalnation→national nature→naturalperson→personal practice→practical(5)n.＋­ousdanger→dangerous humor→humorous(6)n.＋­less(构成含有否定意义的形容词)care→careless home→homelesshope→hopeless use→useless3考向名词变名词(2022.80)(1)形容词性物主代词/形容词＋名词(2022.80)。如：afamousscientist(science)；(2)基数词＋名词。如：threeJapaneseandtwoAmericans(America)；(3)冠词a/an/the＋名词。如：Myfatherisamusician(music)．(4)名词所有格＋名词。如：mysister'sbirthday(birth)。常见的名词变名词的规律如下：(1)n.(去ce/o)＋­(t)ist(2022.80)science→scientist piano→pianistart→artist violin→violinist(2)n.＋­ese或­n(构成表示国籍、语言的名词)America→American India→IndianAustralia→Australian Japan→Japanese注意：Canada→Canadian China→Chinese知识必备(3)n.＋­ianmusic→musician(4)其他形式friend→friendship class→classmate4考向名词变动词(2022.79)(1)非谓语动词(2022.79)。如：Letmeintroduce

(introduction)someplacesofinterest.(2)句中缺少谓语动词。常见的名词变动词列举如下：introduction→introduce education→educatecommunication→communicate decision→decideinvitation→invite production→produceencouragement→encourage agreement→agree知识必备即时训练一、根据句意及所给的词首字母或汉语提示，补全单词。Group11.Betty,youshouldbeconfidentinyourself.Itisthefirsts________tosuccess.2.It'sas________betweenyouandme.Don'tletothersknow.3.Thankyouforgivingmetheusefula________onlearningEnglish.tepecretdvice4.The________(噪音)madeitimpossibleformetosleep,soIdecidedtogetupandreadabook.5.Ifyoufeelhotintheoffice,youcantakeoffyour________(外套).noisecoatGroup26.Helearnedanimportantl________fromhistravelexperience.7.Thelittleboyisalwayshelpfulandsetsagoode___________forothers.8.Daisy'scatcan'twalkwellbecausethereissomethingwrongwithitsonel________.9.Keepinga________(日记)inEnglishhelpsusalotinwriting.10.Mymother'scookingskillswillnotonlysatisfyourstomachbutalsoour________(精神).essonxampleegdiaryspiritGroup311.Almosteveryc________likestoplaywithmebecauseIalwayssharemytoyswiththem.12.Wecangetmuchi____________ontheInternet.13.It'ssurprisingthatJudywaschosentomakea________(演讲)infrontofallstudents.14.It'sreallyagood________(主意)tointroducetraditionalChinesemedicineintothetextbook.15.BeijingOpera,animportantpartofChineseculture,hasa________(历史)ofnearly200years.hildnformationspeechideahistoryGroup416.Thesechildrenareraisingm________fortheirsickclassmate.17.Withhishardwork,hefinallygotagoodg________inthecompetition.18.Recently,learningChinesehasbecomeahottopicaroundthew________.19.It'sa________(遗憾)thatyoumissedtheconcert.It'ssoamazing.20.Whenthemoviestarted,alltheaudiencewatchedthe________(屏幕)silently.oneyradeorldpityscreen二、选用方框内所给词的适当形式，完成句子。(每词限用一次)Group121.(2020海南81题)Ilikemusicverymuch,especiallymusicinEnglish________．22.(2023海南81题)Hegavehislastfew________tothebeggar.23.(2022海南78题)Therearemany________inourschool.Youcanjoinanyofthem.24.(2023海南77题)Putthebananasintothesefive________,kids.25.(2022海南78题)Chinaisoneofthebiggest________intheworld.clubcountryfilmcoinboxfilmscoinsclubsboxescountriesGroup226.(2023海南75题)Weshouldbefriendlyto________.They'realsomembersofourworld.27.(2022海南75题)Many________oftengodancingintheopenair.28.(2023海南71题)—Howmanyorangeswouldyoulike?—Two________,please.29.(2022海南67题)Motheraskedmetobuysome__________fordinnertonight.30.(2022海南76题)Pandasareso________thattheyarepopularwithmanypeople.lovekiloanimaltomatowomananimalswomenkilostomatoeslovelyGroup331.(2023海南74题)Thismachineisvery________.ItcanhelpyoulearnEnglish.32.(2022海南69题)Theweatherreportsaystherewillbeanother________daytomorrow.Putonmoreclotheswhenyougoout.33.(2022海南80题)StephenHawking,awell­known________,diedonMarch14th,2022.34.(2022海南79题)Welcometoourcity!Letme________someplacesofinteresttoyou.usesnowintroductionscienceusefulsnowyscientistintroduceGroup435.AlthoughDavidhaslivedinChinaforseveral________，hecouldhardlysp