2021英语外研版选择性必修第四册教用文档Unit 2

兼送。作文巧升格Guidedwriting

IACI)ANLJ《〉WEZ，

r~j^：体指导二~i

概要写作

概要是包含文本主要信息的简本，其目的是向读者提供有关文章大意的简短

而清晰的报告。目前，高考试题中的概要写作要求考生根据一篇350词以内的短

文，写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，

不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的主旨大意。

［写作步骤］

第一步：归纳主旨大意（含段落大意）

1.概要写作的第一步便是阅读短文并抓取主题，进而提取主旨大意，即有

关该主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。归纳主旨大意，是为了整

体上把握语篇要义，有利于区分主次、剔除细节信息。

2.确定段落主旨句时，要兼顾语篇大背景，即在全文主旨大意的统领下归

纳段落主旨，将段落主旨纳入语篇主旨的架构中。不是所有的段落都有现成的段

落主旨句，有的段落主旨句需要根据段落内容予以归纳和概括。

阅读语篇时，根据不同的文体可采取以下方法归纳主旨大意：

圈出记叙文的六要素（who,when,where,what,how,why）；如果是

记叙文

夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意

说明文找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议

议论文提取议论文的三要素（论点、论据、结论）

第二步：提炼关键词

1.结合主旨大意，细读段落，找出每个段落的主旨句和关键词，区别段落

中哪些是mainideas,哪些是supportingideas,examples和additionalinfoimationo

通常是在相对重要的句子中提炼关键词。正确的关键词和关键句是概要写作最重

要的内容和依据。

2.削减事例，尽量减少实例并省略细节。

第三步：合并和改写

1.合并信息首先需要对信息进行分类、整合，找到信息之间的联系，再将

联系紧密的信息合并在一起。同一层级的主旨句不宜合并在一起，但如果联系紧

密，且没有支持的细节信息，可以考虑合并。

2.在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式

尽可能实现大规模的改变（改词、换句型）。

第四步：核查成文

核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词（bu3then,later,finaUy,besides,

thus,therefore,yet,however）；核查标点和语法;核查词数,并最终连句成文。

［注意事项］

1.词数要限制在60左右。

2.要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。

3.人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换

成第三人称。

4.写作时尽可能地使用自己的语言，不得照搬照抄原文。

匚连以

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Yourhungerdoesn'tnecessarilymeanyouarereallyhungry.ltisanimportant

signofwhatishappeninginyourbody一physically,emotionallyandmentally.Sounds

strange?Itistrueandhereinthisarticleweshalldiscusscertainthingsthatyour

hungeristryingtotellyou.

Whenyoufeelhungry,trytofigureoutifyouarereallyhungry.Sometimeswhen

youthinkthatyouarehungry,youmightbethirsty.ltispossiblethatyouhavebeen

dehydrated（脱水）fbralongtimeandyourbodyissendingasignalthroughyour

hunger.Soinsteadofeating,goforwaterandquenchyourthirstattheearliest.

Ifyoufeelhungryallthetime,itcouldmeanthatyouaredepriving（录U

夺）yourselfofcertainfoodsandhencethebodyiscravingforthese.Ifyouareona

strictdiet,thengoforfoodsandlegumesrichinproteinalongwithcomplex

carbohydrates（碳水化合物）likequinoaandbrownricethatwilltakeyoualongtime

todigestandwillkeepyoufullfbralongperiodoftime.

Youmightgethungryforacertainkindoffoodonlyattimes.Thisisbecauseyou

becomeemotionalaboutcertainfbods.Forexample,ifyouarehappyandcelebrating

youranniversary,youmightenduphavingadesireforthecakethatyouboughtto

celebratethespecialoccasion.Thisiscalledemotionaleating.

Sometimesyourhungermightmeanthatyouneedtotakeabreak.Whenyouend

upworkingatastretch,andyoudonotrealizethatyourbodyneedsrest,youcanend

upfeelinghungryasitisawayyourbodyistellingyoutobreakfreefromwork.

Sometimeswhenyouareboredorstressedout,youmightfeelhungry.ltisthe

body'swayoftellingyouthatyouneedachangeofscene.Goout,takeawalk,talkto

yourdearestfriendorsimplytakesomedeepbreaths.Evenafterthis,ifyoufeel

hungry,doeat.

【参考范文】

Manyfactorscanexplainwhyyourhungerdoesn'tnecessarilymeanyouare

reallyhungry.（要点l）First,whenyouarethirstyandhavingadesirefbracertain

food,youwillfeelhungry.（要点2）Besides,youmightbehungrywhenyoubecome

emotionalaboutcertainfoodsonsomespecialoccasions.（要点3）Moreover,lackof

restorfeelingboredandstressedoutcanalsoleadtoyourhunger.（要点4）

Unit2Lessonsinlife

导读》话题砂切入Stimulateyourimaginationandpotential

13ACI〉UHUA1IMIACQ1ERU

1名曰警语I

1.Lifeistheonlyfortune.—Laski

生命是唯一的财富。——拉斯基

2.Ifyoucanmakegooduseof,lifeislong.一Seneca

如能善于利用，生命乃悠长。—塞涅卡

3.CherishLifewillcherishtoday.

珍惜生命就要珍惜今天。

4.Don'twastelifeindoubtsandfears.—Emerson

不要把生命浪费于怀疑与恐惧中。——爱默生

5.Lifeisapreciousthing,deathisthegreatestevil.—Henie

生命是珍贵之物，死是最大的罪恶。——海涅

K话题感悟K1

Comparedtotheuniverse,ourlivesarereallyshort,justlikeametre.Butthe

meaningoflifedoesn'tdependonitslengthbutcontributions.Forexample,Marie

Curie,inordertofindtheradium,shedevotedherwholelifetotheresearch.Though

theradioactiveelementhadshortenedherlife,shenevergaveuphermindtoserve

theworld.Accordingtoherstory,Iconcludethatthemeaningoflifeis

contribution.Thestandardofjudgingalifeisn'thowmuchheasksforbuthowmuch

hegivesaway.

口姜文欣赏Q

Oneday,abouttenyearsago,whileworkingatthe

cashregisterinthegiftshopatmyUniversityMuseumof

NaturalHistory,Isawanelderlycouplecomeinwitha

littlegirlinawheelchair.AsIlookedcloseratthisgirl,I

foundthatshewasfixedonherchair.Ithenrealizedshehadnoarmsorlegs,justa

head,aneckandherupperbody,dressedinalittlewhiteskirt.Asthecouplewheeled

heruptome,Iturnedmyheadtowardsthegirl.WhenItookthemoneyfromher

grandparents,Ilookedbackatthegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimisticsmile

Ihadeverseen.Allofasudden,herhandicapwasgoneandallIsawwasthis

beautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedmeandalmostinstantlygavemeacompletely

newsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudent

toherworld：aworldofsmiles,loveandwarmth.

I'masuccessfulbusinessmannowandwheneverIthinkaboutthetroublesofthe

world,Ithinkaboutthatlittlegirlandtheremarkablelessonaboutlifethatshetaught

me.

［探究发现］

1.Trytothinkoftheauthor'sthoughtatthefirstsightofthedisabledgirl.

Shemusthavegonethroughlotsofhardshipandisleadinganunhappylife.

2.Findoutwhatleftadeepimpressionontheauthorwhenhelookedbackatthe

girl.

Thegirl'smostoptimisticsmile.

3.Findoutwhatimportantlessonstheauthorgotfromthegirl.

Whatevertroubleswemeetinthelife,weshouldbeoptimisticandlovethelife.

法读。技能初养成Developingideas

FAZI〉UJIZEZGCHUYAZ（；UHEZC

匚渡文助读二

阅读教材P20-2I课文，选出最佳选项

1.WheredoyouthinkthechildrenfindtheBlueBird?

A.AtTyltyFshome.

B.TheLandofMemory.

C.ThePalaceofNight.

D.Intheforest.

2.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconvey?

A.Happinesscannotbefoundintheforest.

B.Thechildrenaretoosilly.

C.Happinessisaroundusifwearereadytohelpothers.

D.Thelittlegirlispoor.

[答案]1-2AC

二要点直击二

WordsandPhrases

知识要点1cooperateoi合作，协作

[教材Pis]Itiseasiertoachievesomethingifyoucooperatewithsomeone

else.

如果你和别人合作，就更容易达成目标。

H列1]Thecyclingteamareshowingtheirabilitytocooperatewitheachother.

这个自行车队在展示他们相互合作的能力。

H列2]Thatcompanyisdifficulttocooperatewith,becausetheytakeagesto

makedecisions.

与那家公司合作不容易，因为他们需要花很长的时间做决定。

［造句］如果我们大家合作，我们很快就会完成。

Ifweallcooperate,we'llsoonfinish.

［知识拓展］

cooperatewith和...合作

cooperatetodo合作（协力）做……

cooperationn.合作

cooperativeadj.合作的；协作的

n.合作社

cooperatorn.合作者，协力者

［即学即练］单句语法填空

①Hewascooperative(cooperate)andhelpedthepolicecatchthecriminal.

②Weneedinternationalcooperation(cooperate)inthismatter.

(3)Alloftheclasscooperatedtoraise(raise)therabbit.

知识要点2with的复合结构

［教材P20］TheydancemerrilyaroundtheCHILDREN,thentheonewho

appearstobethechiefgoesuptoTYLTYLwithhandoutstretched.

他们在孩子们周围欢快地跳舞，然后那个看起来是酋长的人，伸出手向狄蒂

尔走去。

［例1］Hesattherewithhiseyesclosed.

他闭目坐在那儿。

［例2］Thethiefwasforcedintothepoststationwithhishandstiedback.

贼被双手捆绑着带进了派出所。

［造句］物价飞涨，我们买不起奢侈品。

Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecannotaffordluxuries.

［知识拓展］

with的复合结构主要用来说明附带情况或具体细节，在句中可作原因、方式、

条件或伴随状语等，有时也可作定语。其构成形式主要有：

(l)with+宾语+形容词；

(2)with+宾语+副词;

(3)with+宾语+介词短语；

(4)w汕+宾语+动词的现在分词，表示动作正在进行，且宾语与动词是主动

关系；

(5)with+宾语+动词的过去分词，表示动作已经发生，且宾语与动词是被动

关系；

(6)with+宾语+动词不定式，表示动作还未发生。

［即学即练］单句语法填空/完成句子

①Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen(steal).

②Withthecrowdscheering(cheer),theydrovetothepalace.

③Withnoonetotalk(talk)to,Johnfeltmiserable.

④Withtheoldmanleadingus(有那位老人带路),wegottothetopofthe

mountaineasily.

⑤Thevillageisbeautifulwiththetreescoveredwithwhitesnow(树林都披上了

银装).

⑥Withmuchworktodo(有那么多的工作要做),hewenttothefactoryaheadof

time.

知识要点3burstout突然发生；突然……起来

［教材P20］AlltheotherHAPPINESSESburstoutlaughing.

所有的幸福小精灵都突然大笑起来。

［例1］Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstoutlaughingandmydeskmate's

faceturnedred.

听到这个，全班同学都大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。

［例2］Whenhereachedthefinalline,everyoneburstoutcrying.

他说到最后一句话的时候，大家都突然大哭起来。

［造句］全班突然大笑起来。

Thewholeclassburstoutlaughing.

［知识拓展］

burstoutdoing(laughing/crying)=burstinto+n.(laughter/tears)

突然(大笑/大哭)起来

burstin突然闯进；突然插嘴

burstinto...闯入....

burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支

表示“闯入”时,burstin是不及物动词短语，若加宾语需加介词on,而burst

into是及物动词短语。

［即学即练］完成句子/单句语法填空

①Seeingtheirdaughter'scomingback,theparentsburstintotears(放声大哭).

②Hefelthewouldburstwithangerandshame.

(3)Thedooropenedsuddenlyandthechildrenburstin.

知识要点4everytime引导时间状语从句

［教材P21］...youwillseehimeverytimeyougotothewindow...

...每一次你走向窗户时，你就能看见他...

［例1］Hermottowas“EverytimeIopenmymouth,Iputmyfootinit.”

她的座右铭是“每次我一开口，我都会说错话。”

H列2］Everytimehearrivedhome,we*dgreethimatthedoor.

每一次他到家时，我们都会在门口迎接他。

［造句］每次他们去跳舞，都会不欢而散。

Everytimetheywentdancingtheyendedupinabadmood.

［知识拓展］

(l)everytime是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever,意

为“每当……”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有：anytime"任何时

候"，nexttime”下次...时"，thelasttime“最后一次"，the+序数词+

time“第...次”。

(3)the+瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant/second)意为"...就...”

(4)on/upondoingsth.“一...就...”

［即学即练］完成句子

①Thefirsttime(第一次)hecametothecity,hedecidedtosettlethere.

②Youarewelcometocomebackanytime(任何时候)youwantto.

知识要点5leanp.前俯(或后仰)；倾斜；倚靠；靠在；靠置；使斜靠

［教材P21］EnterNEIGHBOURBERLINGOT,alittleoldwomanleaningona

stick.

邻居Berlingot,一位瘦小的老太太拄着拐杖进来了。

［例1］Thetowerisleaningslightly.

那座塔稍微有点倾斜。

［例21Ihaveafriendwhoalwaysseemedtoleanslightlytotheleftallthe

time.

我有一个朋友，他似乎总是微微向左倾斜。

［造句］她倚靠着她儿子的手臂缓慢行走。

Shewalkedslowly,leaningonherson'sarm.

［知识拓展］

(l)leanagainst/on倚着；靠着

(2)leanon/upon依赖；依靠

(3)leantosth.倾向于...

［即学即练］单句语法填空/完成句子

①CanIleanmybikeagainstthewall?

②Healwaysleansonmeforhelp（依赖我帮助）.

知识要点6addressn.地址；称呼；致辞；讲话；演讲。.称呼；发表演说;

写地址；处理廨决问题

［教材?21］Steppingtothefrontofthestageandaddressingtheaudience.

走到舞台前面，向观众致辞。

［例1］Headdressedthecrowdgravely.

他严肃地向观众致辞。

［例2］Heisduetoaddressaconferenceonhumanrightsnextweek.

他下星期将在一个大会上发表关于人权的演说。

［造句］他马上就要在大会上发表演说了。

Heisgoingtoaddressthemeetinginaminute.

［知识拓展］

(1)addresssth.(tosb.)在给某人的信上写上地址

(2)addresssb.向某人致辞/向……说话

(3)addresssb.as/tobe...称呼某人为...

［即学即练］写出address的含义

①MostpeoplecallmeBob.HowdoIaddressyou?称呼

(2)Mr.HowardgaveanaddressoneconomicstrategiesinAsia.演讲

(3)Thereisaletteraddressedtoyou.写地址

④Thenextmeetingwilladdresstheproblemoftruancy.解决

口阅读技能匚］

标题归纳题

记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标

题归纳题。设问形式常有：

(l)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

(2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text?

(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

(4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis.

一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——准确而又简短；针对性——标题外

延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。

解题技巧

1.“高度概括”定标题

(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文

章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的注意，标题往往比较醒目。

(2)一般文章的标题可根据主题句来判断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没

有明确的主题句，需要根据文中的事实细节，查找文章的“主线”，归纳出文章

的主题。

2.文章标题三特点

(1)形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多；

(2)短小精悍，精确性强；

(3)涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意。

［典例］

StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhen

youconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,

includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatiseven

moreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplastic

shoppingbags.

Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somany

endupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonot

allowthematcheckouts"攵银台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesin

California,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersare

hiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfbrthe

planetasmostpeopleassume.

Amongthebagmakers1arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppersto

purchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduce

andtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmall

percentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.

Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasits

replacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslife

andthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebags

oftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedat

least131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.

Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbe

bannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.

★Whatisthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A-Plastic,PaperorNeither

B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironment

C.RecycleorThrowAway

D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControl

A［本文讲述了使用塑料袋造成的环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输

需要更多的能源，希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。文章对这三个方面进

行了对比，Plastic,PaperorNeither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，适合作为标

题，故选A。］

［对点训练］

A

IfacitywantstoholdtheOlympics,itmustsubmitaproposaltotheIOC.After

allproposalshavebeensubmitted,theIOCvotes.Ifnocitywiththefewestvotesis

eliminated（淘汰），thevotingcontinues,untilamajoritywinneris

determined.Typically,theGamesareawardedseveralyearsinadvance,allowingthe

winningcitytimetopreparefortheGames.

InselectingthesiteoftheOlympicGames,theIOCconsidersanumberof

factors,andchieflyamongthemiswhichorganizingcommitteeseemsmostlikelyto

stagetheGameseffectively.TheIOCalsoconsiderswhichpartsoftheworldhavenot

yethostedtheGames.Forinstance,Tokyo,thehostofthe1964SummerGames,and

Beijing,thatofthe2008Games,werechoseninparttopopularizetheOlympic

movementinAsia.Becauseofthegrowingimportanceoftelevisionworldwide,the

IOCinrecentyearshasalsotakenintoaccountthehostcity'stimezone.Wheneverthe

GamestakeplaceintheUSAorCanada,fbrexample,Americantelevisionnetworks

arewillingtopayspeciallyhigheramountsfbrtelevisionrightsbecausetheycan

broadcastpopulareventsliveinthebestviewinghours.

OncetheGameshavebeenawarded,itisthedutyofthelocalorganizing

committee——nottheIOCortheNOCofthehostcity'scountrytoprovidethemwith

money.ThisisoftendonewithapartoftheOlympictelevisionrevenues（收入），and

corporatesponsorships,ticketssales,andothersmallerrevenuesources.Inmanycases

thereisalsodirectgovernmentsupport.Althoughmanycitieshavegainedamountsof

moneybyhostingtheGames,theOlympicscanbefinanciallyrisky.Ifthefinancial

gainsfromtheGamesarelessthanexpected,thecitywillbeleftwithlargedebts.

★Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.WinnerorLoser

B-ApplyingfbrHostfortheOlympics

C.HowtoHosttheOlympicGames

D.TheOlympicGames

B［标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程：先向

国际奥委会提交提案，国际奥委会根据规则和实际情况投票选择主办城市，一旦

确定主办城市，则该城市应积极准备。故B项最适合作本文的标题。］

B

TheDetroitSymphonyOrchestrawillbeperformingworksbyGeorgesBizeton

Fridaymorning.Youmightenjoyclassicalmusicandliketoattendtheperformance,

butlivefarawayfromAmerica'sMotorCity.

OnSaturday,theGoGogroupCurtisJohnsonisperformingattheKennedy

CenterinWashingtonDC.Ifyouliveoverseas,goingtothatshowisprobablyoutof

thequestion.

Butthereisasolution!Theseandotherconcertsareavailable"live"onthe

Internet.Youcanheartheminrealtimewithanelectronicdevice.

BothperformanceswillbeavailableontheWorldWideWeb.Theyarepartofa

growingnumberofconcertsbroadcastoncomputers,tabletsandsmartphones.These

digitalconcertsareknownaslive-streaming.

TechnologyexpertMichaelAntonoffsaysbetterandlesscostlyequipmentis

makingiteasierforperformersandtheaterstooffermusic“live”online."The

qualityofthesoundandvideopicturesareimprovingallthetime,“hesays."Those

onlineconcertsnowhaveasmanyas40,000viewerspershow.Peoplein100nations

arewatching.ltisahugepartofourincreasingglobalreach.”

“Forinternationalperformers,KennedyCenterofficialsseeajumpinonline

viewershipfromthehomecountriesoftheperformer.Thereishometownpridewhen

anartistisperformingatoneofAmerica'sbest-knownconcerts,“saystheKennedy

Center'sGarthRoss.AtarecentKennedyCenterconcert,aperformersaidhewasso

happythathisdisabledmotherbackinCaliforniacouldwatchhisperformance.

“Itisnotjustmusicbeingstreamedontheweb.OnDecember10,theproducer

ofmusical'DaddyLongLegs'puttheshowonthewebfreeofcharge.ltwasthe

firstlivewebcastofaNewYorkmusical.Over150,000peoplefrom135nations

watched,“producerKenDavenportsaid.Inotherwords,itwouldtakehismusical

2.7yearsofsold-outperformancestodrawthatmanypeople.

★Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ASolutiontoLiveConcertProblems

B.DetroitSymphonyOrchestrasPerformance

C.AmericanConcertsAvailableWorldwide

D-DevelopmentofMusicElectronicDevice

C［标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国音乐会接入互联网全

球直播，让更多的观众欣赏到表演。故C项为最佳标题。］

教学。知识细解码Focusesonlanguagepoints

匚词汇派生二

1.weak〃力虚弱的fweaklyadv.虚弱地fweakenv.（使）虚弱fweakness

n.弱点；虚弱

2.pessimismn.悲观；悲观主义fpessimist悲观主义者fpessimisticadj.

悲观的，悲观主义的fpessimistically。加.悲观地

3.anticipatev.预期，预料fanticipated〃力预料中的；预期的fanticipation

n.预料；预期

4.possessv.拥有；占有fpossession财产,财物fpossessor九.拥有者；

持有者

5.recognisev.识别frecognition。.承认,认可frecognisable.可辨认

的frecognisably。血.可被辨认地

1.possessionn.财产，财物；具有，拥有；持有违禁物品

©Shewaschargedwithpossession.持有违禁物品

②Thepossessionofapassportisessentialforforeigntravel.

具有/拥有

③Helostallhispossessionsinthefire.财产

2.recognitionn,承认，认可；认出；赏识

①Heglancedbrieflytowardsherbuttherewasnosignofrecognition.认出

②Thereisageneralrecognitionoftheurgentneedforreform.认可

(3)Hereceivedtheawardinrecognitionofhissuccessoverthepastyear.

赏识

匚要点直击二

WordsandPhrases

知识要点1farfrom远非

［教材PulInfact,farfrombeingabookaboutdeath,it'sabookaboutlife.

事实上，这不是一本关于死亡的书，而是一本关于生命的书。

［例1］Ifyougettoknowhim,youwillfindheisfarfromafool.

如果你和他熟悉了，就会发现他一点也不傻。

H列2］Sofarwehavedonealottobuildalow-carboneconomy,butitisfar

fromideal.Wehavetoworkstillharder.

到目前为止，我们已经做了很多工作来建立一个低碳经济，但它离理想还很

远。我们还要更努力地工作。

［造句］事实远非如此。

Itisfarfromthetruth.

［知识拓展］

farfrom+n./adj.离……很远；远离；远非……

farfromdoingsth.决不会做某事

farfromit完全相反；远非如此

［即学即练］单句语法填空

①Yourexamresultsarefarfromsatisfactory.It'stimeforyoutodoubleyour

effort.

②Farfromimproving(improve)thesituation,youhavejustmadeitworse.

知识要点2anticipates.预期，预料，期待；预先准备；预先做；(还没拿

到手的钱)预先用掉

［教材P14］AsMorrieanticipateshisowndeath,heobserveseverythingas

thoughthroughneweyes一thethingsaroundhimseemmorebeautifulthanever

beforeandholdnewmeanings.

当莫里预见到自己的死亡时，他仿佛用新的眼睛观察一切——他周围的事物

似乎比以往任何时候都更加美丽，并有了新的含义。

［例1］Atthetimewecouldn'thaveanticipatedtheresultofourcampaigning.

那时我们不可能预料到我们这项运动的结果。

H列2］Ianticipated(thattherewouldbe)trouble.

我预料会有麻烦。

［造句］我预料会下雨，所以带了雨伞。

Ianticipatedtherainbytakinganumbrella.

［知识拓展］

anticipatedoingsth.期待（期盼）做.•…

anticipate+〃•/that…期待（期盼）

Itisanticipatedthat...据预测……

inanticipation预先地；期待地

inanticipationof预期……，期待……

［即学即练］单句语法填空/完成句子

①Ianticipateseeing（see）yousoon.

②Heboughtextrafoodinanticipation(anticipate)ofmorepeoplecomingthan

hehadinvited.

③Itisanticipated/expected(据预测)thatmanypeoplewilllosttheirjobs.

知识要点3appreciate8.理解；欣赏；感激

［教材P14］Thisencouragesustoappreciatewhatwehave,andtomakethe

mostofeachday.

这鼓励我们珍惜我们所拥有的，并充分利用每一天。

H列1］WhatIfailedtoappreciatewasthedistancebetweenthetwocities.

我没有意识到这两座城市间的距离。

H列2］Idon'tthinkyouappreciatehowexpensiveitwillbe.

我想你不了解它会有多昂贵。

［造句］我们没有充分认识到他的病情很严重。

Wedidn'tfullyappreciatethathewasseriouslyill.

［知识拓展］

(1)appreciate(one*s)doingsth.欣赏/感激(某人)做某事

Iwouldappreciateitif...如果...，我将不胜感激

(2)appreciationn.欣赏；感激

(□appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动词-ing形式作宾语。作“感激；感

谢”讲时，其宾语不能是人，只能是事或物；

(2)appreciate之后不能直接跟if引导的从句，要先接it再跟if从句。like,

hate,dislike,love,depend/relyon等动词之后接if/when从句有类似用法。

［即学即练］单句语法填空

①Idon'tappreciatebeingtreated(treat)likeasecond-classcitizen.

②Ireallyappreciateyourcoming(come)overtohelpmewithmymath.

(3)Inordertoleavesomeimpressivememoriesonallofusbeforegraduation,our

classmadeaspecialvideotoexpressourappreciation(appreciate)ofourschool.

(4)1wouldappreciateitifyoucouldacceptmyapplication.

［小片段填空］

Iwouldliketoexpressmysincereappreciationtoyoufbryourhelp.Thatisto

say,Ireallyappreciateyourcomingovertohelpmewithmystudy.ButIwould

appreciateitifyoucouldhelpmefinishmyhomework,please.

知识要点4possessionn.财产；贝才物

［教材P15］Whileweareliving,wetendtogetdistractedbyunimportant

things,suchasgatheringmaterialpossessions.

当我们活着的时候，我们往往会被一些不重要的事情分散注意力，比如收集

物质财富。

［例1］Theringisoneofhermosttreasuredpossessions.

这枚戒指是她最珍贵的财产之一。

［例2］Theyareallmypersonalpossessions.

这些都是我的私有财产。

［造句］人们失去了自己的家园和所有的财物。

Peoplehadlosttheirhomesandalltheirpossessions.

［知识拓展］

(l)bepossessedof具有（某种品质、能力等）

(2)possessionn.拥有，占有；（p/.）个人财产，私人物品

inpossessionof拥有……（主语是人）

inthepossessionof（某物为……所有

take/havepossessionof拥有……；占有……

［即学即练］单句语法填空/句型转换

①Weneedtorepairourpossessions(possession)insteadofthrowingthemaway.

©Althoughhedoesn*thavemuchmoney,heispossessed(possess)ofgood

health.

(3)Aprivatecollectorpossessestheoilpainting.

fTheoilpaintingisinthepossessionofaprivatecollector.

fAprivatecollectorisinpossessionoftheoilpainting.

—Aprivatecollectortakes/haspossessionoftheoilpainting.

［小片段填空］

Withhisbusinessgoingonwell,heatfirstpossessedbighousesandcars；and

laterhetookpossessionofstocksofdifferentcompanies.Eventually,hefoundthat

everythinghedreamedofwasinhispossession-

知识要点5［教材pl5］Despiteitswidespreadrecognition,myfirst

impressionwasthatTuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionof

over-emotionalthoughtsandmessages,manyofwhicharerepeated.

尽管获得了广泛的认可，但我的第一印象是，《相约星期二》这本书只是由

一系列过度情绪化的想法和信息组成，其中很多都是重复的。