中考英语阅读理解答题技巧

第第页中考英语阅读理解答题技巧一、阅读理解考查题型1.考查事实细节：2.猜测生词含义：3.推理判断：4.归纳主旨大意：5.推测作者的态度、意图和目的：（一）事实性细节题对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找对原因、结果、事实的正确理解常用提问方式：1.Accordingtothepassage,who(what,why,where,when，howmany/much,howlong)….?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)true?通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误1.He/sheshouldhaveaninterestinmakingpizza.Moreimportantly,he/sheshouldhaveworkexperienceinarestaurant.Theadtellsusthat____A.Theassistantmustbeaman.B.Theassistantmusthaveonceworkedinarestaurant.C.PuccipizzahasbranchesalloverChina.事实理解题解题技巧：事实细节题一般在:1文中有原句；2找相关信息进行比对;3找近义词或同义句;4进行简单数学计算;在读文章时把这些信息划下来（二）猜测词义词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：1)Theword…..refersto_____2)Theunderlined…..probablymeans____________1、根据定义、释义常用的：be,becalled,mean，thatis(tosay)，inotherwords，call,beconsideredtobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent,signify等词汇或破折号或定语从句等来表示。Well,I’verelearnedit.IhopeIhavetimelefttoenjoythesuccessesofothersandtotakepleasureintheday.That’stheheartofthewatermelon.“theheartofthewatermelon”refersto__.A.thebestpartofthewatermelon.B.thewriter’sbusylifeC.thewriter’sdecisionofmakingmoney.D.thewriter’shopeofenjoyinglife.2、根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断Astheygoaroundtown,theyhelppeople.Whentheyfindlostchildren,theytakethechildrenhome.Iftheyseeafight,theyputanendtoitrightaway.Theyknowallthestreetsandroadswell.Oftenpeopleaskthemhowtogettoaplaceintown.Inthetext,“putanendto”means__A.stopB.cutC.killD.Fly3、根据关联词来猜测表示因果关系的：because,as,since,for,so,asaresult…表示同义关系的：and,like,justas…thesameas….表示反义关系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)Thereisaplaceonourearthwherehotwaterandsteamcomeupundertheground.ItisonalargeislandinthePacificOcean.TheislandisNorthIslandinNewZealand.Whatdoestheword“steam”meaninChinese?_____A.自来水B.大气C.冰川D.蒸汽1.Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasso(faint.)2.Tomisveryrude,buthisbrotherisquite(polite.)3.Sheisbeautiful,andherdaughterisas(pretty)asher.演练1Abagisusefulandtheword“bag”isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases.Oneis“toletthecatoutofthebag.”Itisthesameas“totellasecret”Nowwhensomeoneletsoutasecret,he“letsthecatoutofthebag.”Q:Johnletsthecatoutofthebag”meansheA.makeseveryoneknowasecret.B.thewomanboutacat.C.buysacatinthebag.D.sellsthecatinthebag.`实战演练2Ifyouwanttobeamusician,youusuallyhavetomovetoanareathathasalotofjobs,suchasNewYorkCity.Thecostoflivingintheseareasisusuallyveryhigh.Thethirddisadvantageisthatyoucan’thaveastablefamilylife.Differentjobswilltakeamusiciantodifferentplaces,somostmusiciansareunabletohavearegularfamily.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stable”meaninChinese?________A.幸福的B.稳定的C.健康的（4）根据生活经验及普通常识猜词1)Chinaisourmotherland.2)Kangaroomothershavepouchestocarrytheirbabies.3)It'sreallycoldoutside,andmyhandsarebothnumb.Exercises:Guessthemeaningofthenewwordsquickly.a.Wealthymeanshavinglotsofmoney.b.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.c.Mymother-in-law,myhusband’smother,wasateacher.Theboyhadahappyfamilybefore.However,afterthewar,hebecamehomeless.d.Youmuststopdreamingandfacereality.（5）根据构词法猜测词意在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。例如：前缀un-表反义词，如happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant等。后缀-ment表名词，如develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument等。后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词，如calculate/calculator;visit/visitor;law/lawyer;wait/waiter;science/scientist;art/artist等。（6）通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义在文章中有时作者为了避免重复，或为了表达同一事物的不同种类，使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下，我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系从熟悉的词语推测不熟悉词语的含义。通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happyandgay,即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中所使用的同义词。ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.（7）通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或两个人，使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比，我们可以利用已知单词推断未知单词的词义。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but,while,however等，二是看含not的习语或表示否定意义的词语。（8）通过举例来猜测词义Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindsoffruitgrowinwarmareas.（9）通过描述猜测词义描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻，更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.Althoughitcannotfly,itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.（10）根据单词的发音进行推测英语中有些单词来自汉语，与汉语发音有些相似，另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译，如：sofa,coffee,typhoon,aspirin,nylon（三）推理判断考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？