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必修第二册Unit3阅读理解题组——练速度
I.阅读理解
A
Performances
Let9sFacetheMusic
RiaJones,theworld-famousstarofCatsandLesMiseraZ?Ze5,returnshomefortwospecial
concerts.Riainvitesyouonamemorablejourneythatgoesfrommusicaltoclassicalandfrom
classicaltopop.SongsfromMissSaigonperfectlymixwithDisneyfavoritesfrom
BeautyandtheBeastalongwithpopularstandardsforagreateveninginthepanyofavery
specialvocaltalent.
SongRecital
JudyCoeperformswidelyasasoloist(独唱者)inAmericaandisalsoamusic
teacher.TheprogramincludessongsfromPorgyandBess^successfulAmericanopera,with
specialsolopianoarrangementsbyKatherineMorris.Judyendstheconcertwithsongswhose
textsarebyShakespeare,Yeats,Eliot,OscarWildeandEmilyDickinson.
MayteMartin
MayteMartinisthebest-knownCatalansinger.Shehasbeenverypopularsinceher
earlytwenties,whenshewonastringofprizes.ShehastakenpartinBarcelona?sWOMAD
festivalsandintheGipsyKing'scelebratedfestivalMustiqueGitanoatNimes.Shewillbe
acpaniedbyherregularsologuitarist,twodancersanda“clapper”.
TheAdventureofMalic
ThisshowisaboutthefantasticallydangerouslifeofanimaginaryIberiancharacter
calledMalic.InthisshowhevisitsChinaandgetsintofightswithdragonsandthentravelsto
Barcelonawhereheesacrossmanydangerouscharacters.TheshowistoldusingChinese
shadowpuppets(皮影),withalivenarrator-musicianwhogiveslifetotheshowinEnglish.
l.Inwhoseshowcanyouenjoyfamouswriters,works?
A.RiaJones.B.JudyCoe.
C.MayteMartin.D.KatherineMorris.
2.1nwhichperformancecanyouenjoyDisneysongs?
A.Let'sFacetheMusic.
3.SongRecital.
C,MayteMartin.
D.TheAdventureofMalic.
3.WhatdoweknowaboutTheAdventureofMalicl
A.Itisbasedonasci-fiction.
B.ItisshotandpresentedinChina.
C.ItusesatraditionalChineseartform.
D.ItscharactersspeakChinesefluently.
B
Nowweareina"goldenage“ofspace-samplecollectionandexploration.Space
agenciesaroundtheworldarebusycollecting,orplanningtocollect,samplesfrom
asteroids(小行星),moonsandplanetsandsoon.
China?sChang'e-5missionisthemostrecentsample-returnmissionthathasbeen
successfullypleted.OnDec17,2020,theChang?e-5lunarprobe(探测器)returnedhomeand
landedintheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionafterweeksofspacetravel,ChinaDaily
reported.Thiswastheworld'sfirstlunarsample-returnmissionsince1976.Themission
collected1,713gramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrillanda
mechanical(机械的)arm.
Anotherspacesample-returnmissionwaspletedonDec6,2020.Japan?sHayabusa-2
probereturnedacapsuletoEarthcontainingvaluablesamplesfromtheasteroidRyugu.This
wasthesecondtimeasteroidsampleshadeverbeencollectedandbroughtbacktoEarth.The
firstasteroidsampleswerecollectedbytheoriginalHayabusaspacecraftbackin2010.
Therewillbemoresuchmissionsinthenearfuture.NASA'sOSIRIS-REx
spacecraft,whichcollectedsamplesfromtheasteroidBennuinOctober2020,isexpectedto
returntoEarthin2023.Russia'sLunar-25missionisscheduledtolaunchtothemoonin
2021tocollectlunarsamples.
“Icannotemphasizeenoughhowvaluablereturnsamplesareforincreasingour
understandingoftheoriginandevolutionofoursolarsystemandourplaceinthe
universe,andhowwecametobe,“saidAnnNguyen,aNASAplanetaryscientist.
AsfortheChang,e-5lunarsamples,scientistswillconductvariousanalyses,testsand
experimentstodeterminetheposition,structureandphysicalcharacteristicsofthe
samples.Thisinformationwillhelptodeepenourknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoon,as
wellasoursolarsystemasawhole.
4,WhatdoweknowabouttheChang?e-5lunarprobe?
A.ItwaslaunchedonDec17,2020.
B.Itpletedthemostsuccessfulmission.
C.Itcollectedtheworld'sfirstlunarsample.
D.Itbroughtbackmorethan1,700gramsoflunarsamples.
5.WhatdoestheauthorfocusoninParagraphs3and4?
A.Providingexamples.B.Explainingaconcept.
C.Drawingparisons.D.Makingasummary.
6.WhydowecollectsamplesfromspaceaccordingtoAnnNguyen?
A.Tolearnmoreabouthowthesolarsystemoriginatesandevolves.
B.Todeterminethestructureofthesolarsystem.
C.TodeepenourknowledgeaboutourplaceonEarth.
D.Tounderstandhowwaterfirstappearedonthemoon.
7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.A“goldenage”es
B.Manexploresspace
C.Spacesamplesland
D.Scientistsanalysesamples
C
AndrewOrkinwastakingabreakfromhiseveningjogtositbyProspectParkLake
whenhewasfrightenedtoseeamassofsnakes.Theyturnedouttobeswampeels(黄鳍)that
hadescapedfromoneoftwolargeplasticbagsthatsplitopenasamandraggedthemtothe
shoreline.Afterdumpingtheeelsinthelake,themanwalkedaway,explainingtobystanders
that"Ijustwanttosavelives.”
Theillegalreleasebecameacuriosityonsocialmedia,butthedumpingofexotic(夕卜来的)
animalsinurbanparksisn'tnew.NewYorkersfreethousandsofnon-nativeanimalsevery
year.“Peoplelikeanimalsandtheysometimesthinkthey'redoingagoodthingbyletting
themgo,“saidJasonMunshi-South,anurbanecologistatFordhamUniversity/'Mostwill
die.Somewillbeeaproblem,andthenthere?snogoingback.”
NewYorkstateandcityofficialssayit'stoosoontoknowhowtheeelsinProspect
Parkmightaffectlocalspecies.Theeelseatalmostanythingincluding
plants,insects,frogsturtlesandotherfish.Andtheycouldprey(捕食)uponorpetewiththe
park'snativespeciesforhoweverlongtheysurvive.
Therearenoplanstoeradicatetheeels.Sincethey'reactiveatnightandspendmostof
theirtimeinthemudoflakesandrivers,spottingandremovingthemfromthelakecouldbe
impossible.Officialssaytheywilllookforswampeelsduringtheagency?snextsurveyin
thespring,butdon'texpectthemtomakeitthroughthewinter.However,Universityof
TorontofreshwaterecologistNicholasMandraksaid,“Eveniftheydon'tsurvive,theycould
havenegativeshort-termeffects.”
8.Whydidthemanpourtheeelsintothelake?
A.Tochallengethelaw.
B.Toincreasethelocalspecies.
C.Tokeeptheeelsalive.
D.Tobeeawebcelebrity.
9.Whydidthereleasedeelsbeeaconcern?
A.Theymightgetcaughtonceagain.
B.Theymightnotadapttothenewenvironment.
C.Theymightfrightenthejoggersbythelake.
D.Theymightposeathreattolocalspecies.
lO.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicate“inParagraph4mean?
A.Getridof.B.Lookafter.
C.Sell.D.Examine.
11.Whatistheofficials?opinionaboutdealingwiththeproblem?
A.Itisrisky.B.Itistricky.
C.Ittakespatience.D.Itrequireslegalsupport.
D
Whatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self-consciousness,language,andcultureare
highonthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimal
kingdom.Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzees
usetoolsorthatgorillas(大猩猩)haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichthey
normallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatweoften
thinkofasuniquelyhumanexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.
Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses。1爪鱼)areknownfortheirintelligence,even
exhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslive
aloneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge-brained,long-
living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilarityto
human-likecultureandawareness.
Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhavelearnedto
others.Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypass
on.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepfor
fishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyin
females),withsomefamilies一grandmother,mother,anddaughter-allfeedinginthishighly
specializedway.
Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognize
themselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,mostanimalsbehaveasthoughtheywere
interactingwithanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimagein
amirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognize
themselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthe
mirrortolookatthemark.
12.Whatdoestheexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshow?
A.Theyarenoteasytofool.
B.Theypreferfruittovegetables.
C.Theyhaveaspecialtasteforfood.
D.Theyhaveanawarenessofequality.
13.Whatdooctopuseslackparedwithdolphins?
A.Socialinteraction.B.Intelligence.
C.Toolusingability.D.Fun-lovingspirits.
14.Whatmakesdolphinculturespecial?
A.Theytendtohuntingroups.
B.Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.
C.Theirlearningenvironmentisfavourable.
D.Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale-controlled.
15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
A.Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.
B.Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18-month-oldhumanbaby.
C.Dolphinsaregenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon-humanspecies.
D.Dolphins'abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher-ordermentalskill.
II.阅读七选五
Dogs,moresothanalmostanyotherdomesticpets,aredesperateforhumaneyecontact,!
Andaccordingtoanewstudy,thatpullontheheartstringsmightbeexactlywhydogscan
giveusthoselooksatall.
2Studyingthetwoanimalsisabitlikecrackingopenafour-leggedtimecapsule.A
paperpublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesfoundthatdogs'faces
arestructuredforplexexpressioninawaythatwolves'aren't.
Forthestudy,ateamlookedattwomuscles(theRAOLandLAOMmuscles)thatwork
togethertowidenandopenadog'seyes,causingthemtoappearbiggerandmore
lovely,whichwereadasdistinctlyhumanlike.Themusclesfortwoshort,straightlines,which
connecttheringofmusclearoundadog'seyetoeitherendofthebrowabove.3
Therefore,theyconcludedthattheoriginoftheseplexfacialexpressionsisafterdogssplitting
fromwolves.Researchhasalsoshownthatwhendogsworkthesemuscles,humansrespond
morepositively.Thisisn'tsimplyacoincidentallovestory,inwhichtheeyesoftwospecies
justsohappentomeetacrossacrowdedplanet.4
Foraspeciestochangequickly,aprettypowerfulforcemustbeactingonit.5We
connectmoredeeplywithanimalscapableofmakinghumanlikefacialmovements,sodogs
haveevolvedtolooklikeourownhumanbabiestobeselectedforadoption.
A.Dogsaresimilartowolves.
B.Andthat'swherehumansein.
C.It'shardformostpeopletoresisttheshiningeyesofalittledog.
D.Butinthefourgraywolvestheresearcherslookedat,neithermusclewaspresent.
E.Liketheotherbestpartnerships,thisoneismorelikelytheresultofyearsofevolution.
F.Researchershavelongbeeninterestedinthewaysdogsmakeeyecontactwithhumans.
G.Dogssplitofffromtheirwolfrelatives一specifically,graywolves一asmanyas33,000
yearsago.
答案:
I.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几场演出,并对其主题进行了说明。
1.B解析细节理解题。根据SongRecital部分的
""JudyendstheconcertwithsongswhosetextsarebyShakespeare,Yeats,Eliot,OscarWildeandEmil
yDickinson.”可知,在JudyCoe的表演中,你可以欣赏到著名作家的作品。
2.A解析细节理解题。根据LetsFacetheMusic部分的
“SongsfromMissSaig。硬erfectlymixwithDisneyfavoritesfromBeaga”力ZieBeas/alongwithpo
pularstandardsforagreateveninginthepanyofaveryspecialvocaltalent.“可知,在
LetfsFacetheMusic这个演出中可以欣赏迪斯尼的歌曲。
3.C解析推理判断题。根据文章TheAdventureofMalic部分的
“TheshowistoldusingChineses/iadoupMp”况withalivenarrator-
musicianwhogiveslifetotheshowinEnglish.PT知,TheAdventureofMalic是通过一种中国的
传统艺术形式表现出来的。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国嫦娥五号探测器最近成功登月
完成月球采样任务;此外,日本和美国以及俄罗斯都在收集月球样本,太空取样的“黄金时
期”已来临。
4.D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的
^ThemissioncollectedljyiSgramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrillandamechanica
larm."可知,嫦娥五号探测器带回了1700多克月球样本。
5.A解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一句"Anotherspacesample-
returnmissionwaspletedonDec6,2020.”和第四段第一句
“Therewillbemoresuchmissionsinthenearfuture.”可知作者在第三段和第四段中举例子说明
了日本和美国以及俄罗斯的各种太空取样任务。
6.A解析推理判断题。根据第五段中的
"Icannotemphasizeenoughhowvaluableretumsamplesareforincreasingourunderstandingoftheo
riginandevolutionofoursolarsystemandourplaceintheuniverse,andhowwecametobe''可知,美国
宇航局行星科学家AnnNguyen认为太空取样任务有很大的意义,它使人类更加了解太阳
系的起源和演化、人类在宇宙中的位置以及人类如何发展到现在。由此可知,按照
AnnNguyen的看法,人类从太空中收集样本的目的是了解有关太阳系如何起源和演化的
更多信息。
7.C解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,现在我们正处于空间样本收集和探索的“黄金时
代”。世界各地的太空机构都在忙于收集或计划从小行星,月球和行星等收集样本。日
本和美国以及俄罗斯都在收集月球样本。由此可知,文章的主要内容是有关“太空样本
收集和探索''的,因此C项(太空采样的来临)符合文章的内容,可以作为标题。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人们放生外来生物对当地生态可能产生
的影响。
8.C解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句
“Afterdumpingtheeelsinthelake,themanwalkedaway,explainingtobystandersthat'Ijustwantto
savelives.’"可知,那人把黄鳗倒进湖里是为了放生。
9.D解析推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句
“Andtheycouldpreyuponorpetewiththepark'snativespeciesforhoweverlongtheysurvive.“可
知,它们都会捕食当地物种或跟园中本地物种竞争,可能对本地物种构成威胁。
10.A解析词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的
“Sincethey'reactiveatnightandspendmostoftheirtimeinthemudoflakesandrivers,spottingandre
movingthemfromthelakecouldbeimpossible可知,它们在夜间活动且大部分时间待在泥里,
因此发现它们并且从湖里移除是不可能的。由此猜测,画线词“eradicate”的意思为“根除,
消灭'',与A项意思接近。
11.B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段提道:由于它们在夜间活动,大部分时间都在湖泊
和河流的泥泞中度过,因此发现它们并将其从湖中清除是不可能的。然而,多伦多大学淡
水生态学家尼古拉斯・曼德拉克说:“即使它们无法存活,也可能产生短期负面影响。”由
此可知,官员们认为清除黄鳗的问题比较棘手。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。工具的使用、自我意识、语言和文化让人类如此特
别,但事实上,所有这些特征都可以在动物王国的其他地方找到。
12.D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的
”...evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.”
可知,大猩猩拒绝胡萝卜的例子表明它们有平等意识。
13.A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的
t4Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolp
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