甘肃省兰州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

甘肃省兰州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。MymotheraskedmewhenIwasyoung:“what’sthemostimportantpartofyourbody?”Isaid,“Isitour___1___?”“No,”shesaid.“Becausetherearestillmanypeoplewhocan’thearthings.KeepthinkingandI’llaskyou___2___later.”Threeyearspassedbeforesheaskedmeagain.ThistimeIsaid“___3___isimportant,soitmustbeoureyes.”“No,“shesaid.“Becausetherearemanypeoplewhocan’t___4___things.”Ikeptthisquestioninmymind.MymomaskedmeacouplemoretimesandtheonlyreplyIgotwas,“Youaregetting___5___.”Lastyear,Grandpa___6___.Everybodywasquitesad.WhenitwasourturntosaygoodbyetoGrandpa,sheaskedme,“Haveyoufiguredoutthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Iwasshockedwhensheaskedmethis.“Thisquestionisveryimportanthowyouansweritshowswhetheryouhavelearnedaboutlife.Todayisthedayyouneedto___7___thislesson.”Shelookedatmethewayonlyamothercan.Isawtearsinhereyes.Shesaid,“Mydear,themostimportantpartofthebodyisyour___8___.”“Isitbecauseitholdsupyourhead?”“No,”shereplied.“Itisbecauseitcan___9___theheadofafriendorlovedonewhentheycry.Everybodyneedsashouldertocryonsometimes.Ionlyhopeyouhaveenoughloveandfriendssoyouwillhaveashouldertocryonwhenyou___10___it.AndIhopeyoucanbetheshoulderforsomeonewhenyouareneeded.1.A.hands B.ears C.eyes D.legs2.A.again B.more C.all D.finally3.A.Sight B.Smell C.Sense D.Strength4.A.taste B.hear C.feel D.see5.A.further B.smaller C.worse D.closer6.A.movedout B.gotwell C.passedaway D.wentaway7.A.teach B.cause C.learn D.buy8.A.heart B.shoulder C.brain D.feet9.A.holdup B.holdon C.holdback D.holdoff10.A.ask B.need C.leave D.pick【答案】1.B2.A3.A4.D5.D6.C7.C8.B9.A10.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲了作者的妈妈询问作者身体最重要的部分是什么，作者的回答妈妈都不满意，最后妈妈告诉他最重要的身体部位是肩膀，在每个人需要的时候可以靠一靠。【1题】句意：我说：“是我们的耳朵吗？”hands手；ears耳朵；eyes眼睛；legs腿。根据“Becausetherearestillmanypeoplewhocan’thearthings.”可知，作者回答的是耳朵。故选B。【2题】句意：继续想我以后再问你。again再；more更多；all所有；finally最终。根据“Threeyearspassedbeforesheaskedmeagain.”可知，是表达以后再问作者。故选A。【3题】句意：这次我说：“视觉很重要，所以一定是我们的眼睛。”Sight视觉；Smell嗅觉；Sense感觉；Strength力量。根据“soitmustbeoureyes.”可知，应表达视觉很重要。故选A。【4题】句意：因为有很多人看不见东西。taste品尝；hear听；feel感觉；see看见。根据“soitmustbeoureyes.”可知，应表达很多人不能看见东西。故选D。【5题】句意：我妈妈又问了我几次我得到的唯一回答是：“你越来越近了。”further更远的；smaller更小的；worse更坏的；closer更接近的。根据“Mymomaskedmeacouplemoretimes”可知，应表达作者越来越接近正确答案。故选D。【6题】句意：去年，爷爷去世了。movedout搬出；gotwell康复；passedaway去世；wentaway走开。根据“Everybodywasquitesad.”可知，是爷爷去世了。故选C。【7题】句意：今天是你需要学到这一课的日子。teach教；cause引起；learn学；buy买。根据“Thisquestionisveryimportanthowyouansweritshowswhetheryouhavelearnedaboutlife.”可知，今天是学到这一课的日子。故选C。【8题】句意：她说，“亲爱的，身体最重要的部分是你的肩膀。”heart心脏；shoulder肩膀；brain大脑；feet脚。根据“Isitbecauseitholdsupyourhead?”可知，说的是肩膀。故选B。【9题】句意：这是因为当朋友或爱人哭泣时它可以支撑起他们的头。holdup支撑；holdon稍等；holdback阻止；holdoff推迟。根据“Everybodyneedsashouldertocryonsometimes.”可知，应表达当朋友或爱人哭泣时可以支撑他们的头。故选A。【10题】句意：我只希望你有足够的爱和朋友这样当你需要时你就会有一个可以哭的肩膀。ask问；need需要；leave离开；pick捡起。根据“youwillhaveashouldertocryonwhenyou...it.”可知，当你需要时你希望有一个可以哭的肩膀。故选B。二、阅读理解（共3小题；每小题10分,满分30分）阅读下面三段材料,根据材料内容和要求,从题后所给的四个选项中选择一个能回答所提问题的最佳答案。AMymotherdoesmostofthehouseworklikecookingandcleaningtheroom.Myfathercanonlydothedishes,sweepthefloorandtakeouttherubbish.Hewantstolearnmoreabouthowtodothehousework.Eachofmyparentsdoes50%ofthehousework.Mymotherdoesthecookingandwashing.Shecleansthelivingroomeveryday.Myfathermakesthebed,cleansthebedroomsanddrivesmetoschooleveryday.Myfatherdoesn’tdoalotbuthetriestohelp.Hehangsuptheclothesaftermymotherwashesthemandmymotherishappythathecanalwaysgiveherahand.Mymotherisadoctor.Sheisbusywithherworkeveryday,soshehaslittletimetodothehousework.Infact,sheisn’tgoodatdoingit.Somyfatherhastodomostofthehousework.Sometimesmygrand-mothercomestohelp.阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。11.Lily’sfatherdoesn’t________athome.A.dothedishes B.cookC.takeouttherubbish D.sweepthefloor12.HowdoesCindygotoschool?A.Bybike. B.Bybus. C.Bysubway. D.Bycar.13.Theunderlinedpart“giveherahand”means“________”inChinese.A.清洗 B.帮助 C.闲逛 D.提高14.Whosefatherdoesmostofthehousework?A.Lily’s. B.Cindy’s. C.Bruce’s. D.Peter’s.15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Lilywantstolearnmoreabouthowtodothehousework.B.Cindy’sfathercleansthelivingroomeveryday.C.Bruce’sfatherdoesn’tliketodochores.D.PeterisoneyearyoungerthanBrucebutoneyearolderthanLily.【答案】11.B12.D13.B14.D15.D【解析】【导语】本文是四个孩子分别介绍了自己家的家务分配。【11题】细节理解题。根据第一栏中的“Myfathercanonlydothedishes,sweepthefloorandtakeouttherubbish.”可知Lily的爸爸做的家务不包括做饭。故选B。【12题】细节理解题。根据第二栏中的“Myfathermakesthebed,cleansthebedroomsanddrivesmetoschooleveryday.”可知Cindy的爸爸开车送她去上学。故选D。【13题】词句猜测题。根据“Myfatherdoesn’tdoalotbuthetriestohelp.Hehangsuptheclothesaftermymotherwashesthem”可知Bruce的爸爸总是尽力帮助他的妈妈做家务，由此可推测此处的“giveherahand”意思为“帮助”。故选B。14题】细节理解题。根据第四栏中的“Somyfatherhastodomostofthehousework.”可知Peter的爸爸做大部分的家务。故选D。【15题】推理判断题。根据四幅图上的内容可知Peter15岁，Bruce16岁，Lily14岁，由此可知Peter比Bruce小一岁，但是比Lily大一岁。故选D。BNowadays,someteenagershavealotofproblemsintheirlife.Oneofthemostseriousoneisthattheyhavetoomuchpressureaboutfamilyandschoolwork.Itisofgreatimportanceforstudentstofindsomegoodwaystorelease(释放)thepressure,AgroupofstudentsinNo.1MiddleSchoolmadeasurveyabouthowstudentsreleasedtheirpressureandwhatkindsofmusictheyliked.100boysand100girlswereaskedinthesurvey.Herearetheresults:Moststudentssaidthatitwaseasyandconvenienttolistentomusic.Whentheywerefree,theycouldlistentodifferentkindsofmusicanytimeandanywhere.Popandcountrymusicwerethemostpopular.Studentssaidtheywerecomfortableandsweet.Instead,rockandrapwerenotsopopularbecausemoststudentsthoughttheywerealittleloudandnoisy.根据短义与图表内容，选择最佳答案。16.No.1MiddleSchooldidthesurveyamong_________students.A.100 B.150 C.200 D.30017._________studentsreleasedthepressurebyplayinggames.A.30 B.40 C.50 D.6018.About_________boyslikepop.A.99 B.95 C.90 D.5019.Fromthechart，_________isthemostpopularmusicamonggirls.A.pop B.countrymusic C.lightmusic D.rock20.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageandthesurveyresults？A.Toreleasepressure，watchingTVismorepopularthandoingsportsforthestudents.B.Countrymusicisthemostpopularmusicamongboys.C.Forthestudents，popandrockarecomfortablewhilerapisloudandnoisy.D.Moregirlsliketolistentolightmusicthanboysdo.【答案】16.C17.D18.C19.A20.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了现在一些青少年在生活中面临很多问题。【16题】细节理解题。根据“100boysand100girlswereaskedinthesurvey.”可知，200个学生接受了调查。故选C。【17题】细节理解题。根据扇形统计图数据可知，30%的学生通过玩游戏释放压力。200×30%＝60，所以60个学生通过玩游戏释放压力。故选D。【18题】细节理解题。根据柱状统计图左边数据可知，流行乐对应的男生的数量是90。故选C。【19题】细节理解题。根据柱状统计图右边数据可知，最高的是流行乐对应的数量，所以流行乐在女生中最受欢迎。故选A。【20题】细节理解题。根据柱状统计图轻音乐对应的两组数据可知，右边高度高于左边，即女生喜欢轻音乐的人数比男生多。故选D。CTherearemanyclassicculturesinChina.Allofthemhaveaverylonghistory.Hereweintroducesomeofthem.ChineseHandwritingChinesehandwritingisaspecialarttoAsianculture.Brushhandwritingismuchlovedaroundtheworld.WangXizhiisveryfamousforhishandwriting.HemadeagreatdifferencetothedevelopmentofKaishu.ChineseFolkMusicChinahasacolorfulculture.ItisconnectedwithChineseancientstories.Chinesefolkmusichasalonghistory.Oneoftheclassics,Shijing,includedsomefolksongsin15differentareasfromtheWestZhoutoSpringandAutumnDynasty.TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsincludeguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.ChinesePaintingChinesepaintingisoneoftheoldestartformsintheworld.MostoftheChinesepaintingsinancientChinaweredoneonpaperorsilk.TraditionalChinesepaintingincludesmountainsandwater,figures(人物),flowersandbirds.ThehighestformofChinesepaintingismountainsandwater.WeiqiWeiqi,called“yi”inancientChina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryforover3,000years.Thegamecanbetreatedasthebeginningofallancientchessgames.ItwasintroducedtoKoreaabout2,000yearsagoandwaspopularamongthehigherclasses(阶层).根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项21.WhatdidWangXizhiplayanimportantrolein?A.Chinesehandwriting. B.Chinesefolkmusic. C.Chinesepainting. D.Chineseart.22.WhichofthefollowingisatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument?A.Guitar. B.Erhu. C.Violin. D.Piano.23.Whichclassicculturecanteachusalessonthat“Lifeislikeplayingchess,noregrets(落子无悔).”?A.ChinesePainting. B.Weiqi. C.ChineseHandwriting. D.Chess.24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ChineseculturesarepopularonlyinChina.B.ChinesehandwritingisaspecialarttoWesternculture.C.Chinesecultureshavealonghistory.D.AlltheChinesepaintingsinancientChinaweredoneonpaperorsilk.25.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassageinamagazine?A.Newspaper. B.History. C.Sports. D.Culture.【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了中国的四种经典文化：书法、民乐、国画、围棋。【21题】细节理解题。根据表格第一栏“WangXizhiisveryfamousforhishandwriting.HemadeagreatdifferencetothedevelopmentofKaishu.”可知，王羲之是书法家，因此在中国书法中扮演着重要角色。故选A。【22题】细节理解题。根据表格第二栏中最后一句“TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsindludeguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.”可知，选项中只有二胡是中国传统乐器。故选B。【23题】推理判断题。根据表格第四栏中“Weiqi,called‘yi’inancientChina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryforover3,000years.”可知，“落子无悔”说的是围棋。故选B。【24题】细节理解题。根据“Allofthemhaveaverylonghistory.”可知，中国的经典文化都有着悠久的历史。故选C。【25题】推理判断题。根据文章开头“TherearemanyclassicculturesinChina.Allofthemhaveaverylonghistory.Hereweintroducesomeofthem.”可知，本文介绍了中国的四种经典文化，由此推知我们可以在杂志的文化部分读到这篇文章。故选D。三、任务型完形填空（共10题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一个单词。）I,try,be,lucky,read,book,kind,difficulty,well,oneIlikereading.Ilovemanydifferent____26____ofbooks,becausetheynotonlyopenmymindbutalsogive____27____courage.UptonowIhave____28____alotofbooks,suchasmagazines,novelsandstorybooks.ButoneofthebooksthatIlike____29____isTheStoryofMyLife.ItwaswrittenbyanAmericanwriterHelenKellerin1902.She____30____ablind,deafanddumbperson.Inthebook,shewrotethatshehadnotbeenabletosee,hearorspeaksinceshewasoneyearandsevenmonthsold.Thisunusualthingmadeherverysad.____31____,shemethergoodteacher,MissSullivan,attheageofseven.Helenwasgettinghappiereveryday.Then,MissSullivanhelpedherlearnhowtowriteEnglishwords.At____32____,MissSullivanwrotesomewordsonHelen’shandswithherownfingersagainandagain.Helenwasaveryhard-workinggirl.She_____33_____torememberwordsasmuchaspossible.Afterthat,shewrotemanyfamous_____34_____.TheStoryofMyLifeisoneofthem.TheStoryofMyLifedescribesherhardstruggle(奋斗)tobecomeagoodwriterandeducatoroftheworld.Itshowsusanimportanttruth:Nothingis____35____ifyouputyourheartintoit!ThisiswhyIlikeitbest.Whataboutyou?【答案】26.kinds27.me28.read29.best30.was31.Luckily32.first33.tried34.books35.difficult【解析】【导语】本文通过介绍海伦·凯勒的故事告诉我们：世上无难事，只怕有心人。【26题】句意：我喜欢各种各样的书。根据“different…ofbooks”可知，此处指“各种各样的书”。differentkindsof“不同种类的”。故填kinds。【27题】句意：因为它们不仅打开了我的心灵，还给了我勇气。根据“give…courage”可知，是给了“我”勇气。动词give后用宾格。故填me。【28题】句意：到目前为止，我已经读了很多书，比如杂志、小说和故事书。根据“Uptonow”可知，句子为现在完成时，即have/has+done。此处指“读书”，read的过去分词是read。故填read。【29题】句意：但我最喜欢的书之一是《假如给我三天光明》。likebest“最喜欢”。故填best。【30题】句意：她是一位又盲又聋又哑的人。根据“She…ablind,deafanddumbperson.”可知，此处缺少be动词，句子时态为一般过去时，主语是she，故be动词用was。故填was。【31题】句意：幸运地是，她在7岁时遇到了她的好老师沙利文女士。根据“shemethergoodteacher,MissSullivan”可知，此处指“幸运地”，应该填一个副词，修饰整个句子。lucky的副词是luckily，放在句首首字母要大写。故填Luckily。32题】句意：首先，沙利文女士用自己的手指在海伦的手上一遍又一遍地写下了一些字。atfirst“首先”，固定短语。故填first。【33题】句意：她尽可能多地记住单词。trytodosth.“尽力去做某事”，此处应该用try的过去式tried。故填tried。【34题】句意：从那以后，她写了很多名著。根据“shewrote…”可知，她写了很多书。many后接可数名词复数。故填books。【35题】句意：它向我们展示了一个重要的真理：世上无难事，只怕有心人。根据“Nothingis…”以及结合备选词可知，此空应该填一个形容词。difficulty的形容词是difficult“困难的”符合语境。故填difficult。四、任务型阅读理解（共计10分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求答题。Chapter2FromAliceinWonderlandAlicewasnothurtsoshejumpedtoherfeetinamoment.Shelookedup,andfoundtheWhiteRabbitwasstillinsight.Shewasclosebehinditwhensheturnedthecorner,buttheRabbitwasnolongertobeseen.Shefoundherselfinalong,lowhall.Thereweredoorsallaroundthehall,buttheywerealllocked.Alicewalkedsadlydownthemiddle,wonderinghowshewasevertogetoutagain.Suddenly,shecameuponalittlethree-leggedtable.Therewasnothingonitbutatinygoldenkey,andAlice’sfirstideawasthatthismightbelongtooneofthedoorsofthehall.But,alas!Eitherthelocks(锁)weretoolarge,orthekeywastoosmall.However,onthesecondtimeround,shecameuponalowcurtainshehadnotnoticedbeforeandbehinditwasalittledoor.Shetriedthelittlegoldenkeyinthelock,andshewaspleasedtofinditfitted!根据短文内容，完成下列各题。36.根据短文内容填空。Alicefoundherselfina________and________hall.37.WhatdidAlicewanttodowhenshegottothehall?A.Shewantedtoknowhowtogetsomefood.B.Shewantedtoknowwherehersisterwas.C.Shewantedtofindouthowtogetoutagain.D.ShewantedtomeettheRabbit.38.请回答问题。WheredidAlicefindthetinygoldenkey?Shefoundthetinygoldenkeyonalittle________.39.请选出划线部分的同义词。Shetriedthelittlegoldenkeyinthelock,andshewaspleasedtofinditfitted!A.Tired B.Shocked C.Interested D.Happy40.根据短文内容将文中划线部分句子翻译成汉语。________________________________________________【答案】36.①.long②.low37.C38.three-leggedtable39.D40.大厅周围都有门，但都是锁着的。【解析】【导语】本文主要讲了爱丽丝进入一个大厅的故事。【36题】根据第一段“Shefoundherselfinalong,lowhall.”可知她发现自己置身于一个又长又低的大厅里。故填long；low。【37题】细节理解题。根据第三段“Alicewalkedsadlydownthemiddle,wonderinghowshewasevertogetoutagain.”可知，爱丽丝想知道怎么才可以出去。故选C。【38题】根据第四段“Suddenly,shecameuponalittlethree-leggedtable.Therewasnothingonitbutatinygoldenkey,…”可知爱丽丝在一张三条腿的小桌子前发现了一把小小的金钥匙。故填three-leggedtable。【39题】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Shetriedthelittlegoldenkeyinthelock,andshewaspleasedtofinditfitted!”可知最后找到了，可推知是高兴的，划线单词的含义为“高兴的”。故选D。【40题】Therewere有，therebe句型的一般过去时；doors门；allaroundthehall大厅周围；but但是，表示转折；all都；locked锁着的，形容词。故填：大厅周围都有门，但都是锁着的。五、词汇考查（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）请根据汉语意思或提示,写出正确的单词形式。41.Isawanoldman________(lie)onthesideoftheroadjustnow.【答案】lying【解析】句意：我刚刚看见一位老人躺在路边。lie躺，动词。seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”，固定搭配，填现在分词lying。故填lying。42.Annoftengoestoschoolwithout________(have)breakfast.【答案】having【解析】句意：安经常不吃早饭就去上学。without是介词，后面跟动名词形式。故填having。43.AndrewoftendoesDIYwithdifferent________(knife)inhisfreetime.【答案】knives【解析】句意：安德鲁经常在空闲时间用不同的刀做手工。different+名词复数。knife的复数是knives。故填knives。44.Atweekends,mysisteroftenlearnsEnglishby________(she).【答案】herself【解析】句意：在周末，我的姐姐经常自学英语。learnbyoneself意为“自学”。故填herself。45.Heisfamousnotonlyforhistalentbutalsoforhis________(kind).【答案】kindness【解析】句意：他不仅以他的才华而闻名，而且以他的善良而闻名。句中“his”为形容词性物主代词，后面需跟名词，形容词kind的名词为kindness，意为“善良”，不可数。故填kindness。46.Couldyouplease________(go)totheschoolpartywithme?【答案】go【解析】句意：你能和我一起学校聚会吗？Couldyoupleasedosth.?“你能做某事吗？”，情态动词Could后谓语动词用原形go。故填go。47.Whynot________tosomeonewhenyoufeelsad?(talk)【答案】talk【解析】句意：当你难过的时候为什么不跟别人谈谈呢？whynotdosth“为什么不做某事”，固定搭配，空处用动词原形talk“谈话”。故填talk。48.Firstly,listencarefully.____(two),writethemdown.【答案】Secondly【解析】【分析】句意：首先，仔细听。其次，把它们写下来。根据“Firstly”可知此处应该是“其次”，基数词two“二”改为secondly“其次”，副词，放句首，首字母大写。故填Secondly。49.Mysisterwas________(read)abookinthestudywhenIarrivedhome.【答案】reading【解析】句意：我到家时，姐姐正在书房看书。when引导的时间状语从句，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。由was可知，主句应用过去进行时态，填read的现在分词reading。故答案为：reading。50.Onmywayhome,I________(sudden)rememberedIleftmykeysattheoff