2022-2023学年上海市奉贤区致远某中学高三（上）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）

2022-2023学年上海市奉贤区致远高级中学高三（上）期中英语

试卷

1.ToShakeorNotToShakeHands

Asweemergefromthepandemic(大流行病),we'restartingtoseethereturnofanage-oldcustom：

thehandshake.Manyofuswent(1)shakingsomeoneelse'shandsforabouttwoyears.Butas

vaccination(接种疫苗)ratesgoupandsocialdistancingrestrictionsfall,we'restartingtopressthe

fleshagain.

Noteveryoneishappythatthehandshakeismakingitswayback.(2)it'sadeep-rootedwayof

expressingfriendshipandrespect,somemedicalexpertswishitweregoneforgood.

“It'sneverbeensafe/saidDr.GregoryPoland,aMayoClinicphysicianandprofessor,'handshaking

carriestheriskoftransmittingahostofundesirableconditions,*'Polandsaid.Handshaking(3)have

startedasanancientcustomtodemonstratetoastrangerthatyouhadnoweaponinyourhand.But

"youare,infact,bearingatsomelevel,abioweapon"onyourunwashedhand,Polandsaid.

“It'sunfortunatethatweneededapandemictoshakesomesenseintopeopleonhowdiseaseis

transmitted,"saidDr.MarkSklansky,who'sworriedthattheopportunity(4)(kill)thehandshake

isslippingthroughourfingers.

Shakinghandsasasymboloffriendshipandtrust⑸(practice)byBabyloniankingsandancient

Romansandpromotedby18th-centuryQuakers.Sofar,it⑹(become)aninternationalcustomof

agreement,respectandcongratulationsinmodernbusiness,politicsandsports.Butrightnow,wearein

asociallyawkwardtimeofhandshakeuncertainty,(7)somepeoplearecomfortableshakinghands

andsomearenot.Ifwearenotcomfortableacceptinga(n)(8)(offer)handshake,wecanbeready

torespondinapolitemanner.Insteadofrefusingdirectly,wecankeepourhandstoourside,maintain

eyecontact,smile,nodorslightlybowwhile⑼(say)somethinggraciouslike,nFmcurrentlynot

shakinghands,butit'ssoverynicetomeetyou."

Sklanskyisconvincedthatevenlong-heldculturalcustomscanchangeovertimeifwerealize(10)

unhealthytheyare.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

⑼

(10)

2.

A.speciesB.informedC.awarenessD.indicate

E.additionalF.figuresG.advancedH.stuck

LstateJ.relianceK.based

SensorsforHouseplantsOverthepasttwoyearsJasminMoeller,a38-year-oldinGermany,hasbeen

buyingmorehouseplants,makingherfeelmorecomfortable.

Actually,thefactthatpeoplehavespentmuchmoretime(1)athomehasstartedatrendto

bringmorenatureinside.IntheUK,thelatest(2)showthat2021houseplantsaleswere29%

higherthanin2020.ltisasimilarpictureinothercountries,withsalesofhouseplantsintheUSrising

by18%lastyear,forinstance.

Yetitisonethingtobuyahouseplantandquiteanothertosuccessfullylookafterit.Luckily,some

(3)sensorsforindoorplantsmayhelpthosewithoutprofessionalskillsingardening.These

devices,usuallysolarpoweredandconnectedwirelesslytoauser'ssmartphone,shouldbeinserted

intothesoilnexttotheplants.Then,theyshowinrealtimethe(4)oftheplants.

AsensormadebyGermanfirmGreensenshasapproximately5000plant(5)onitsapp

database.Likeatrafficlightsystem,theappusesred，yellowandgreenfacesto(6)howplants

aredoing.Forexample,redrevealsthattheplantisdying,whilegreenmeansit*sinperfect

condition.Besides,usersareregularly(7)ofwhattheyshoulddowithplants.

AnotherappreleasedbyGermanbusinessFytatellsusershowtheirplantsarebyanalyzingthe

uploadedpicturesoftheplants.ltalsoincludes(8)contentotherappsrarelyoffer,suchas

culturalhistoryofsomeplants,souserscanlearnmoreabouttheirplants.

However,BotanistSilverSpenceisworriedthat(9)onthesesensorsmayaffectusers*

gardeningskillsnegatively.AndDavidAnglovrecommendsthatamateurstrytheirbesttoestablish

theirown(10)ofwhataplantneedsinvarioussituationsthroughcarefulobservation.

BackinGermany,MsMoellersayssheissurethatthesensorsarehelpingherimprovegardening

skills.

Loansatpubliclibrariesfelldramaticallyduringthepandemic(疫'情),whilewebsitevisitsrose.Ifthe

serviceisto(3)furthercuts,itneedsusers.

Librariesareromanticyetplainplaces.Theromanceisthatofreading,andthewealthofhumanimagining

andlearningthatis(4)inthem.Theplainsideoflibrariesismore(5).Thisistheworldof

buildings,shelving,booksjibrarycards,computers—andpeoplewithbodiesthat⑥spaceaswellasminds

thatcanbeopened.ltwouldbehardtofindanyonewhoactively(7)libraries,andquestiontheprinciplesof

self-improvementthattheystandfor.Butwhenitcomesto(8)>Britain'slibrariesareonlesssolid

ground.Thesectorhasbeencut(9)inthepastdecade,witharound800librariesacrossEngland

disappearing.

ThefirstCovidlockdowncausedanew(10)ofinterestinreading,astheideatookholdthatpeopleforced

tostayathomewouldspendmoretimewiththeirnosesinbooks—bothfindingoutmoreaboutthevirus

andescapingfromit.Butthelatestdataregardinglibrariesis(11)fbranyonewhovaluesthemas

bricks-and-mortar(实体店)placestogo.ThenumberofbooksborrowedintheyearendinginMarch

2021was72.9m,down56%onthepreviousyear.Physicalvisitsalso(12),from214.6mto59.7

m,comparedwiththefactthatwebsitevisitsgrewby18%to154.7m.Ofcourse,thisisthebehaviorthat

onewouldexpectduringapandemic.Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod,whenpeoplewere(13)

fromunnecessarymixing.

Privatelibrariesathome,whetherlargecollectionsorsingle,untidybookshelves,appeartobe(14),with

moreonesspringingup.Butthehopemustbethatvisitsandloansatpubliclibrarieswillsoonreturnto

theirformerleveltoo.Likeanyotherservicejibrariesneedusers.Andwhilebooksellersmightinonesense

beregardedasrivals(竞争对手),(15)thevastmajorityofthoseinvolvedinthetrade,frompublishers

topoets,arelibrarylovers一ascanbeseenfromthevolumestheyhaveinspired.

Thishassomethingtodowiththeromanticnotionofthereaderas(16),witheverybookadoortoanew

storeoffeelingorunderstanding.Butitalsoshowstherecognitionthatifbooksaretoformpartofour(17)

life,theremustbespaceinpublicfbrthem.Bookscanbetreasuredpossessions,butthereisalsosomething

specialaboutacopythatarrivesinyourhandshavingpassedthroughthoseofothers-andthatwillgoon

beingpassedbetweenstrangerswhoshareyourcuriosity.

3.A.acceptB.forbidC.surviveD.gain

4.A.containedB.excludedC.assumedD.passed

5.A.realisticB.physicalC.significantD.theoretical

6.A.occupyB.provideC.leaveD.limit

7.A.boastofB.disapproveofC.setupD.clearup

8.A.capabilitiesB.readabilityC.practicalitiesD.originality

9.A.speciallyB.carefullyC.massivelyD.completely

10.A.lackB.varietyC.conflictD.increase

11.A.inspiringB.worryingC.dramaticD.predictable

12.A.collapsedB.doubledC.coincidedD.restarted

13.A.concealedB.distractedC.discouragedD.protected

14.A.fadingB.charmingC.thrillingD.booming

15.A.incontrastB.infactC.inadditionD.inall

16.A.creatorB.communicatorC.explorerD.producer

17.A.personalB.independentC.balancedD.mutual

D

Beforethebreakofdawn,Simonwasalreadystandingontheshorewatchingtheseaintenselyforany

signsofacomingstorm.Despitelearningfromtheweatherforecastthelikelihoodofaviolentstorm,he

didn'tchangehismindaboutstartinghisweeklyfishingtrip.Aftercheckingforthethirdtimethathehad

broughtwithhimwhatheneeded,Simongotontohisboatandsailedintothevastbluesea.Beforelong.he

wasanchoring（固定）hisboatinthemiddleofthesea.Satisfiedwiththespot,hecasthisnet,hopingfora

goodcatch.

Simonthenrelaxedonthedeckandwatchedthesunrisingslowlyabovethehorizon.*'Onecannevertrust

theweatherstation,'*hesaid,buthehadsaidittoosoon.Atthatmoment,therewasasuddenstrikeof

lightning,followedbyashoutofthunder.Theentireskywassuddenlyfilledwithdarkclouds.Waveafter

waverolledup,hittinghisboatandsendingitrockingviolentlysideways.Asenseofhopelessnessdrowned

himbutwhenimagesofhisfamilyflashedacrosshismind,heknewwhathehadtodo.Indouble-quick

time,hecutoffthefishinglinesanddumpedhisfishingequipmentintothesea.Eventually,thestormeased

andthewavesdieddown.

Tomakemattersworse,theboatenginedied.Ashewasmanykilometresoffshore,theonlylikelyrescue

wastobespottedbyaboat.Butwhowouldbeoutatseainsuchhorribleweatherexcepthim?Thatmade

Simonregrethisearlierdecisionagain.

Exhausted,Simonsoondriftedofftosleep.Whenheawoke,thesunhadalreadyrisen.Simonhadlosttrack

oftimeandlocation.Sighing,hestoodonthedeck,staringouthopefully.Thenhespottedit.Hedivedinto

thewaterandswamtowardstheislandafewmetresaheadofhim.WhenSimonreachedland,hewastoo

weaktostandonhislegs.Fortunately,akind-heartedmanhelpedhimupandcontactedhisfamily.Though

Simonemergedfromthenightmareunhurt,thefatefuldayremainedforeverinhismind.Neglectingthe

weatherforecast,hepaidaheavyprice.Hethenlearntthateveryoneshouldrespectscienceandbemore

mindfulofhisdecision.

18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Notinformedoftheweatherforecast,Simonwentfishingasplanned.

B.Simonlosthisfishingequipmentbecauseitwasblownoffbythewind.

C.Lovefbrhisfamilymadehimtakeactiontryingtosavehimself.

D.Thoughhewasfinallysaved,hewashurtbadly.

19.Whatdidheseeafterhewokeup?

A.Anotherboatreadytodraghisboat.

B.Arescueteamsentbyhisfamily.

C.Anewboatenginetobeequippedonhisboat.

D.Anislandnotfarfromhisboat.

20.Whatmainlycausedhimtomeetwithsuchahorribleevent?

A.Hewastooconfidentofhisabilitytodealwiththerescueteam.

B.Heignoredstormforecastandwentfishinganyway.

C.Hisfishingequipmentwastooheavyforhisboat.

D.Hepositionedhisboatinawronglocationinthesea.

21.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Asmoothfishingtripafishermanusedtohave.

B.Aterribleaccidentafishermanexperiencedandhowhesurvived.

C.Thehardshipsamanhastohandlewhengoingfishing.

D.Waystoseekhelpindangeroussituationsinlife.

E

gunttvawcAnoM

KnowledgeProject工…-美不、合

BehaviorUnderRisk：HowAnimalsAvoidBecomingDinner

By：ReneeL.Rosier&TracyLangkilde©2021NatureEducation

Mostanimalsfacetheriskofbeingeaten.Toavoidbecomingsomeone'sdinner,an

organismmustbeabletoidentifypredatorythreatsandemployeffectivestrategiesto

avoiddetectionbypredators.Intheeventthatavoidancefails,animalscanusestrategies

thatwillincreasetheirchancesofsurvivingattackiftheydoencounterpredators.

a.Visual—Manyanimalsrespondtogeneralvisualcues,suchasthepresenceofanew

objectorsuddenmovement.Othervisualcues,includingananimal'ssizeand

behavior,canprovidespecificinformationabouttheidentityandintentionofa

potentialpredator.Forexample,preymaybeabletovisuallyidentifyapredatorbased

onitsshape,size,andcolor,andcanusethepredator'sbehaviortodeterminethe

immediatethreatthatitposes.

b.Auditory——Auditorycuescanprovidereliable,directinformationaboutapredator's

presence,identity.Thesecuesareespeciallyhelpfulfornocturnal（夜间的）prey

speciesoranimalsthatavoidpredatorsthatfrequentlyusesoundtohuntor

communicate.Forexample,toadfishrecognizesoundofdolphinswhentheyarelooking

forfood,oneoftheirmainpredators,andreducetheiractivitylevelsinresponse.

c.Chemical—Chemicalcuescanbepresentintheair,inwater,orontheground,and

canbedetectedbypreythrougholfaction（嗅觉）andgustation（味觉）,providing

areliableindicationofapredator'spresenceevenifitisvisuallyundetectable.Some

speciesareevenabletodeterminehowoldapredatorscentis,andwillavoidonlyfresh

scentcuesastheyindicateapredator'srecentpresence.Animalscanalsousechangesin

theconcentrationorageofascenttodeterminewhichdirectionapredatorwas

traveling,inordertobetteravoidit.

d.Vibration—Vibrationcuescanprovideusefulinformationaboutapredator's

presence,andcanbedifficultforpredatorstoconceal.Manyanimals,includingsome

spiders,caterpillars,andtadpoles,usevibrationsasindicatorsofpredatorpresence,and

candistinguishvibrationsmadebypredators,non-predators,andabioticcues（suchas

rainfall）.Itisimportantforpreytobeabletodistinguishcuesfromthreatsversus

non-threats,asrespondingtoeverytactile（触觉的）stimuluswouldwastetimeand

energy,andmayactuallyattracttheattentionofpredators.

22.Whichofthefollowingcuecanbestbeusedtodetectthedirectionofpredatorsatnight?

A.VisualB.AuditoryC.ChemicalD.Vibration

23.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Visualcuescanbeusedasanindicationofpredators'intention.

B.Chemicalcuesfailtofunctionifthepredatorsareoutofsight.

C.Auditorycueshelppreytofigureoutwhatkindofpredatorstheymeet.

D.Vibrationcuesarereliableaspredatorscanhardlystopvibrating.

24.Whichofthefollowingtopicmightbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraphs?

A.SurvivingEncounterswithPredators.

B.EffectiveWaystoFindoutPredators.

C.DistinctCharacteristicsofPredators.

D.Preyspeciesandtheirbehaviors.

F

WhenCarolynKurlefirstvisitedAlaska'sHawadaxIsland,thenknownasRatIsland,sheimmediately

noticedthesilence."Whenyou'reonanislandthat'sneverhadrats,it'sjustlikebirdseverywhere—ifs

reallyloud,"shesays."Sowhenyougettoanislandthatdoeshaverats,youreallynoticebecauseit's

versusquiet."

NowadaysHawadaxisonceagainanoisyplace.Roughlyadecadeafterasuccessfulefforttoridtheisland

ofitspredatoryrodents（捕食性啮齿动物），amassofseabirdshasreturned.Andthebenefitshave

extendedacrosstheisland'sentireseashoreecosystem,whichisagainfullofdiverselife.These

findings,publishedinScientificReports,showthatcertainecosystemscanrecoverwithsurprisingspeedif

giventhechance.

"Thisstudyisanexampleofsomethingpositivethatcanhappenwhenwehumanstakeactiontocleanup

afterourselves,'*saysKurle,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandaconservationecologistattheUniversity

ofCalifornia,SanDiego,"Italsohighlightshoweverythingisinterlinked,especiallyincoastalsystems."

ThegreedyrodentscolonizedHawadaxafteraJapaneseshipwreckinthe1780s,andtheyquicklywiped

outseabirdcommunities.Kurle^firstfindings,publishedin2008,showedthattheratsaffectednotjust

birdsbuttheentirefoodchain-allthewaydowntoalgae（藻类）.Withoutbirdstoeatseashore

invertebrates（无脊椎动物）,populationsofsnailsandotherspeciesfeedingonplantsexplodedand

consumedmuchofthemarinekelp（巨藻）,whichprovidescrucialhabitatforotherorganisms."Certain

invasivespeciescanhaveimpactsbeyondthosethataremostobvious,"Kurlesays.

ThoseearlyfindingsinspiredtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService,inpartnershipwithTheNature

ConservancyandIslandConservation,towipeouttheratsbydroppingpoisononHawadax.Kurleandher

colleaguessecuredfundingtosurveytheisland5and11yearsaftertakingtheaction.Theyfoundthatits

ecosystemhadsteadilyrecoveredandnowresemblesthatofotherAleutianIslandsthatwerenever

invadedbyrats,withsignificantlyfewermarineinvertebratesandmuchmorekelpcover.

"Veryfewrat-eradicationprojectshavefocusedontheimpactonmarineecosystems,sotheHawadax

Islandcaseisreallynoteworthy,"saysUniversityofTennessee,Knoxville,ecologistDaniel

Simberloff,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Thisisaverycool,elegantresultfromanacademic

ecologystandpointand,ofcourse,isimportantintermsofconservation."

25.Whatdoes"cacophony1'inparagraph1mostprobablymean?

A.Silentnight.B.Messybeach.

C.Limitedspace.D.Disagreeablesounds.

26.Accordingtoparagraph4,whichofthefollowingcanbeimportantforsmallanimalsorplants?

A.Greedyrodents.B.Marinekelp.

C.Seashoreinvertebrates.D.Invasivespecies.

27.Theeffortsmadeinthe"HawadaxIslandCase"includethefollowingEXCEPT.

A.settingtrapsandcatchingrats

B.raisingmoneyforfollow-upstudy

C.joininghandswithconservationgroups

D.comparingHawadaxwithotherrat-freeislands

28.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Birdsandratscannotco-exist.

B.Ratsareinvasivespeciesthatmustberootedout.

C.Ecosystemistoodelicatetorestoreitselfoncedisturbed.

D.Removinginvadersonlandcanbenefitmarinepopulations.

DivingwithaPurpose

Thewateriscoolagainstmyskin,thesilenceabsolute，andasIhover(盘旋)overtheremainsatthe

bottomofthesea,Ifeelpeaceful,thankful,asenseofcominghome.

Gounderwaterwithme,andyou'llseeabout30otherdivers,pairedinsetsoftwo.Theycalmlyfloatin

place,despitestrongcurrentsoffthecoastofKeyLargo,Florida,sketchingimagesofcoral-covered

artifactsortakingmeasurements.⑴

WearemembersofDivingWithaPurpose,agroupthattrainsdiverstofindandconserve(保存)

historicalandculturalartifactsburieddeepinthewaters.(2)Sinceitsfounding,DWPhastrainedsome

500diverstohelparchaeologistsandhistorianssearchforanddocumentsuchships.

(3)Duringthevoyagesfromshorestoshores,andinsidetheships,wecanfindcluestoahistorylittle

discussed,tostoriesthathavebeenlostinthedepths.Wecanbegintoassemblelong-lostthreadsthathelp

usbetterunderstandourobligationtothepastandtoeachother.

However,thewrecksarehardtofind.Shipsfromthepastwereprimarilymadeofwood,andtheyhave

disintegratedovertimeandbeenabsorbedbythesea.Searcherstodayuseequipmentsuchasside-scan

sonars(声呐)todetectunnatural,manufacturedmaterialsindarkwater.(4)Sowemustbeintentional

abouthowwearedocumenting,toensurethatwe'renotdisturbingthewreckoroceancreatures.

Thesandyoceanfloorcoversandrevealsasitfancies.Whatmaybeseentodaymaynotbeseen

tomoiTow.Aproperexpeditionwithhistoriansandarchaeologistscantakeyears.Butitisimportanttotake

aslongasisneededtolook.

A.Itsgoalistohelpusfindhistoryandstoriesunderthewater.

B.Wearehelpingdocumentandmappingtheremainsofashipwreck.

C.Weloveandvolunteertogounderwaterforthemagicandcoolfeelings.

D.However,insomewaysthereisstillsomuchwedon'tknowaboutDWP.

E.Theinformationwegatherfromthedepthstellsamoreinclusivehistoryofus.

F.Unfortunately,theworkcantakeplaceatsiteshometomarinelifethatshouldn'tbedisturbed.

29.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

30.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

31.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

32.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

33.Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfarsaspossible.

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworked

outsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsand

tookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewas

notmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men'sand

women'sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sa

newforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvalue

themiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrole

choices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.In

fact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicand

childcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnot

valuethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.Someyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightin

thewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.Butitsinfluencespread

tomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicand

socialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon"overtime"worksothat

theycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturned

awayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen'sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicand

socialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreater

numbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen'sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,and

secretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations：policework,

banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequal

opportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenand

women.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

34.考试成绩有起伏是正常现象，你不必为此忧心忡忡。（need）

35.究竟是什么使她在本届冬奥会上创造了奇迹？（强调句）

36.面对实验一次又一次失败,这个科学家并没有气馁，而是不断改进实验,最终取得了突破。

（face）______

37.中外游客不仅领略了这里的山水美景，也对当地的文化和悠久历史有了大致的了解。（Not

only）_____

38.Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

高考临近，你的同学李磊始终无法积极的面对学习上的压力，无法调整好心态，这使他非常

苦恼。作为学校心理社团的成员，请您给他写一封电子邮件，帮助他调整心态，内容主要涵

盖以下几方面的内容：

（1）帮助他分析一下现在所面临的困境；

（2）提供一些调整心态的方法和手段。（例如，合理安排作息；做必要的运动；通过网络等

多种途径保持与老师和同学的沟通，等等。）

答案和解析

1.【答案】【小题1]without

【小题2]Though/Although/While

【小题3】may/might

【小题4】tokill

【小题5】waspracticed

【小题6]hasbecome

【小题7】when

【小题8]offered

【小题9】saying

【小题10]how

【解析】(1)without.考查介词。句意：我们中的许多人在大约两年的时间里都没有和别人握手。

表示"没有"，后跟动名词，所以用介词without,故填without。

(2)Though/Although/While.考查连词。句意:尽管它是表达友谊和尊重的一种根深蒂固的方

式，但一些医学专家希望它永远消失。引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管"，故填Though/Although/

Whileo

(3)may/might.考查情态动词。句意：握手最初可能是一种古老的习俗，用来向陌生人展示你手

中没有武器。表示对过去的肯定的推测，语气不强烈，所以用may/mighthavedone,故填may/might。

(4)tokill.考查动词不定式。句意：他担心，扼杀握手的机会正在从我们的指缝中溜走。opportunity

后跟动词不定式作后置定语，故填tokill。

(5)waspracticed.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：握手作为友谊和信任的象征是由巴比伦

国王和古罗马人实行的，并被18世纪的贵格会信徒发扬光大。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去

时态，主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为trust,故填waspracticed。

(6)hasbecome.考查动词时态和主谓--致。句意：到目前为止，在现代商业、政治和体育中，它

己经成为一种约定、尊重和祝贺的国际习俗。sofar常和现在完成时态连用，主语it,故填hasbecome。

(7)when.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：但现在，我们正处于一个握手不确定的社交尴尬时期，

有些人握手很舒服，有些人则不舒服。先行词为time,在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，故填

when。

(8)offered.考查过去分词。句意：如果我们不愿意接受别人的握手，我们可以礼貌地回应对方。

offer和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，故填offered。

(9)saying.考查现在分词。句意：我们可以不直接拒绝，而是把手放在身体两侧，保持眼神交流，

微笑，点头或微微鞠躬，同时说一些亲切的话，比如“我现在不握手，但很高兴见到你。"say和主

语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填saying。

（10）how.考查宾语从句。句意：Sklansky相信，即使是长期存在的文化习俗，如果我们意识到

它们是多么不健康，也会随着时间的推移而改变。引导宾语从句，在从句中修饰形容词，故填how。

这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了由于疫情的原因，我们到底应不应该握手。

做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点

有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在

平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

2.【答案】H

【解析】（1）H.考查形容词。句意：事实上，人们呆在家里的时间要长得多，这一事实引发了一

种趋势，那就是把更多的大自然带入室内。分析可知，此处为time的后置定语，结合句意表示"

困（于）"可知，形容词短语stuckathome符合题意，故填stuck。故选H。

（2）F.考查可数名词复数。句意：在英国，最新数据显示，2021室内植物销售额比2020年高出

29%o根据冠词the可知，此处应用名词作主语，且表示“数字”应用名词figure,结合谓语show可

知，此处应用其复数形式，故填figures。故选F。

（3）G.考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，一些先进的室内植物传感器可以帮助那些没有园艺专业技

能的人。修饰后文名词sensors应用形容词作定语，且结合句意表示"先进的"应用advanced。故选

G»

（4）I.考查可数名词单数。句意：然后，它们实时显示植物的状态。此处作show的宾语，应用

名词，结合句意表示"状态"应用名词state,结合语境可知，此处特指植物的状态，应用其单数形

式，故填stateo故选Io

（5）A.考查可数名词复数。句意：德国Greensens公司制造的传感器在其app数据库中有大约5000

种植物物种。此处作has的宾语，应用名词，且表示“物种"应用名词species,结合修饰词5000可

知，此处应用其复数形式，故填species。故选A。

（6）D.考查动词原形。句意：与红绿灯系统一样，该应用程序使用红、黄、绿三种颜色来显示植

物的生长情况。根据不定式符号t。可知，此处应用