北师大版高中英语选修六第1讲：Unit16-Stories-词汇篇1(学生版)

Unit16Stories词汇篇1____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握第一单元第一课及第二课的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用第一单元第一课及第二课的重点单词，短语及句型。biographyn.[C,U](由他人撰写的)传记，传记作品HehaswrittenabiographyofGeographyofGeorgeWashington.他已写了一本关于乔治·华盛顿的传记。Ilikereadingbiographiesofgreatscientists.我喜欢读著名科学家的传记。词汇链接：①biographern.传记作家②biographicaladj.传记的③autobiographyn.自传④autobiographicaladj.自传的fantasyn.[U]幻想，想象；[C]幻想，想象，幻想作品，幻想出来的东西Stoplivinginafantasyworldoffantasy.别再生活在幻想的世界中了。Herbooksareusuallyescapistfantasies.她的书通常是逃避现实的幻想作品。词汇链接：①fantasticadj.大得难以置信的，不切实际的；极好的②fantasticaladj.怪诞的，富于想象的③fantasticallyadv.极其，非常④fantasian.幻想曲⑤fantasizev.想象，幻想，做白日梦abandonvt.放弃，遗弃，离开Thebabyhadbeenabandonedbyitsmother.这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。Fearingfurtherattacks,manypeoplehadabandonedthecity.由于害怕遭受更多的袭击，大多数人已逃离这座城市。拓展：①abandononeselftosth.使自己沉湎于某事②abandondoingsth.放弃做某事易混辨析：abandon强调“完全，永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。desert强调“违背誓言，命令，责任，义务等”。giveup放弃，抛弃，常用于口语中。leave离开某地或留下某物。comeintoview进入视野，出现（不用于被动语态）Soonashipcameintoview.不久，一条船出现了。Astheydroveon,thehillscameintoview.随着他们驱车前行，山脉进入了视野。拓展：①与comeinto相关的短语：comeintouse开始使用comeintopower/office开始执政comeintoeffect生效comeintobeing形成；产生②其他有“出现”意义的词或短语：turnup出现，露面showup出现appear出现5.knocksb.over撞倒/翻某人Isawhimknockedoverbyacar.我看到他被一辆小汽车撞倒了。短语拓展：①knocksth.down推倒/拆掉/拆毁建筑物②knockintosb.撞在某人身上③knocksb.flat把某人击倒在地④knocksb.out(ofsth.)把......淘汰出（比赛）⑤knockat/onadoor敲门⑥knockabout接连打击，冲击；漫游，闲逛6.character①[C]（人的）个性，品格，性格ThebookgivesafascinatinginsightintoMrs.Blair'scharacter.这本书对布莱尔夫人的性格作了生动的剖析。②[C;U]特色，特征，特点Eachofhisbookshasitsowncharacter.他的每一本书都有其特点。③[C]（书籍，戏剧，电影中的）人物，角色Thefilm'smaincharacterisplayedbyGeorgeClooney.这部电影的主角是由乔治·布鲁尼主演。④[C]文字，字母，符号Chinesecharacters汉字拓展：in/outofcharacter符合/不符合某人的性格characterlessadj.无特征的；平凡的characteractor性格演员characteristicadj.典型的n.特征，特点，品质characterize是......的特征gathervi.&vt.聚集Wewillgatherattheschoolgateat6o'clockinthemorning.我们将在早晨六点在校门口集合。短语拓展：①gatheroneself振作起来Hegatheredhimselfandwalkedonthroughthegate.他打起精神，一路向前走过那扇大门。②gatherup聚拢，集中Shetoldthechildrentogatheruptheirtoys.她叫孩子们把玩具收拢在一起。8.sorrown.[C][常用复数]伤心事，悲伤事，不幸；[U]悲痛，悲伤，悲哀；懊悔，遗憾vi.感到悲伤Themanhadalookofsorrowinhiseyes.那人眼里流露出悲哀的神情。thejoysandsorrowsofchildhood童年的欢乐与悲伤短语拓展：①drownone'ssorrows借酒消愁②moreinsorrowthanindanger（对某事）悲哀多于愤怒9.sympathyn.[U]同情心，同情，同感Thestorystirredhersympathy.这个故事激起了她的同情心。拓展：①同义词：pity,mercypity指对弱者，不幸者所表示的怜惜之情。mercy侧重指对应受到惩罚或地位卑下者的慈悲或怜悯。sympathy普通用词，含义广泛。指兴趣，看法上的一致，也指感情相投，带有深深的恻隐之心的亲切之情。②相关词组：have/feelsympathyfor同情......playonone'ssympathy利用某人的同情outofsympathywith不赞同......③词形变化：sympathizev.同情sympatheticadj.同情的10.burstv.（使）破裂，（使）爆裂；冲，闯Sherusheddownstairsandburstintothekitchen.她冲下楼，闯进了厨房。I'veeatentoomuch.I'mburstingattheseams.我吃得太多了，肚子都要撑破了。短语拓展：①burstout突然说出；突然后接动名词。例如：Sheburstoutsinging.她突然唱了起来。②burstinto突然发作，闯入后接名词。例如：Sheburstintoangryspeech.她突然愤怒地讲起来。③burstin突然插嘴近义词辨析：burst指某物因内部或外部压力过大而出现严重破裂，爆开或撑破。break常用词，含义广泛，多指猛然用力将坚硬物体打破或损坏。crush指用力把东西压破或使变形。11.splitv.劈开；分摊；割破；分手，离开；n.裂缝，裂口Hesplitthecoconutinhalf.他把椰子劈成两半。Theexplosionsplitourears.爆炸声使我们震耳欲聋。短语拓展：①splitaway/off脱落下来，分裂出去②splithairs吹毛求疵，为小事而争论③splitonsb.告发某人④splitwith与......分手⑤splitup分成（组）；离婚；（使）解散，决裂Theysplit(up)themoneybetweenthem.他们把钱分了。morethanLearningEnglishismorethananewspaper.《学英语》不仅仅是一份报纸。Morethan500peoplehadtobehelpedtosafetywhenthestadiumcollapsed.体育馆倒塌时，有500多人不得不被转移到安全地带。拓展：①“morethan+名词”意为“不只是，不仅仅”。②“morethan+数词”意为“多于，超过”，相当于over。③“morethan+形容词”意为“很，非常”。④more...than...意为“比......要......，与其说......倒不如说......”。⑤nomorethan意为“只是，仅仅”，带有感情色彩，有嫌少之意。⑥notmorethan（=atmost）意为“至多，不超过”不带有感情色彩，只是表现在数量上。13.specificadj.详细的，明确的，特定的Hehasaspecificaimtogotoakeyuniversity.他有上重点大学的明确目标。Couldyoubeabitmorespecificwhenitcomestoyourfurthereducation?说到你的进修，你能更详细点吗？词汇拓展：①specificallyadv.明确地；特定地②specificsn.细节，详情③specifyvt.具体说明；明确规定14.significancen.重要性，意义Hebegantorealizethesignificanceoftheinvention.他开始意识到这项发明的重要性。Whatyoureferredtoatthemeetingisofgreatsignificancetochildren.你在会议上提到的对孩子们来说意义非凡。词汇拓展：①significantadj.有意义的；影响深远的；重大的②signifyv.要紧；表示③把significant末尾的t换成ce，则形容词变为名词。有类似情况的单词还有：importantadj.重要的---importancen.重要性differentadj.不同的---differencen.不同absentadj.缺席的---absencen.缺席patientadj.耐心的---patiencen.耐心15.vividadj.清晰的，生动的，逼真的；丰富的Thecharactersinhisnoveltakeonvividcolor.他小说中的人物活灵活现。Hegaveavividaccountofhisjourneythroughthevalley.他生动地描述了穿越峡谷的旅行。短语拓展：①avividmemory清晰的记忆②avividimagination丰富的想象力③avividdescription生动的描述16.sufferingn.①[U]疼痛；痛苦Ihopethiswouldendmysuffering.我希望这会结束我的痛苦。Hediedwithoutmuchsuffering.他死的时候没有多少痛苦。②（常用复数）痛苦；苦恼Hesleptonfirewoodandstrawtoremindhimofhissufferings.他睡在柴草上，提醒自己不要忘记所遭受的痛苦。Theseincludethesufferingsofthepoor,andthecorruptionoftherich.这些包括穷人的痛苦，和富人的腐败。词汇拓展：sufferv.①遭受（痛苦，不幸等）Theysufferedhugelosses.他们遭受了巨大损失。②容忍Hewillnotsuffersuchinsults.他不会容忍这样的侮辱。③sufferfrom受......苦；患......病；因......受损I'vesufferedfrombackpainforyears.我背疼好些年了。Youcouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.如果你继续吸烟就会有损健康。17.name...after以......的名字给某人/某物命名Theboywasnamedafterhisuncle.这个男孩使以他叔叔的名字命名的。Washington,thecapitaloftheUnitedStates,wasnamedafterGeorgeWashington.美国首都华盛顿是以乔治·华盛顿的名字命名的。短语拓展：①byname凭名字，用......的名字②bythenameof名叫......的③underthename(of...)用......的名字④callsb'snames辱骂某人⑤innameonly名义上⑥inthenameof代表......，以......的名义⑦makeaname成名，出名⑧toone'sname属于某人所有⑨namenames供出，说出（犯事者等）的文字词汇拓展：namelyadv.即，也就是18.inparticular特别，尤其Inoticedhiseyesinparticular,becausetheyareverylarge.我特别注意了他的眼睛，因为他的眼睛很大。Itwasaninterestingnovel---Ienjoyedthesuddenendinginparticular.这是一部有趣的小说---我尤其喜欢它出人意料的结局。常用搭配：inparticular(=particularly)特别地Itisparticularthat...尤其......beparticularabout对......挑剔19.Plinydescribedacloudcomingdownthemountain,blockingoutthesunandburyingeverythinginitspath,includingwholevillagesandtowns.普利尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。句型讲解：本句为简单句，宾语cloud后有三个v.-ing短语作定语，including为介词。短语讲解：blockout意为“挡住，忘掉”。aheavycurtainblockingoutthelight挡光的厚窗帘Shetriedtoblockouttheterriblememory.她尽力去忘掉那可怕的回忆。拓展：①blockone'sway挡住某人的路②blockup阻塞；垫高③blockin画略图，打草稿④blockoff封锁⑤atrafficblock/jam交通堵塞Ignoreeverythingthatdoesn'tblockyourway.别去在意并不阻挡你道路的任何事物。Ifyoublockoffthetaxiorkeepitlockedwithkeys,theycannotgetoutofthere.如果你把出路给堵掉或者锁住，他们不能从那里出来。20.Inaway,Pompeiiislikea"timecapsule"preservingafrozenmomentinhistory.从某种程度上来说，庞贝古城如同一粒时间胶囊，保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。句型讲解：preserving...为动名词短语作定语，修饰“timecapsule”，frozen为过去分词作定语，修饰moment。短语讲解：inaway从某种程度上来说，从某种意义上来说Inaway,itwasoneofourbiggestmistakes.从某种意义上来说，它是我们所犯的最大的错误之一。Inaway,it'skindofnicetobeworkingalone.从某种意义上来说，一个人干活相当不错。拓展：①intheway挡道，妨碍②alltheway一路上，从头到尾③makeone'sway前进，行走④bytheway顺便说⑤bywayof经过⑥innoway决不，一点也不⑦noway（俚语）没门儿⑧onone's/thewayto...在去......的路上21.However,muchmorethanbuildingsandobjects,itistheformsofthepeoplewhowerecaughtinthedisasterthathavemadethecityamonumenttohumanhistory.但是，与城里的建筑和物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难者的轮廓则更使这个城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。句型讲解：此句为复合句，其中people后whowerecaughtinthedisaster为定语从句;itis与后面的that构成强调句结构，强调主语。强调句是一个非常重要的句型，在实际应用中我们可以通过该句型对句子的主语（含主语从句），宾语（含宾语从句）和状语（含状语从句）进行强调从而提高语言的表现力。拓展：强调句型主要有三种形式：①陈述句：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分。②一般疑问句：Is/was+it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分？③特殊疑问句：疑问词+is/was+it+that+陈述语序？Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearned6foreignlanguagesthatattractedtheemployer'sinterest.WasitSallythatphonedjustnow?Wherewasitthattheoldcoupletoldustheirlovestory?22.Thisstudenthasparentswhowantedtheirdaughtertobeasstrongasanyboy.这个学生的父母希望他们的女儿和任何男孩一样强壮。句型讲解：本句为一个复合句，who引导了定语从句，修饰parents；其中as...as意为“和......一样”。拓展：as...as的用法①as+adj.+as...=thesame+n.+as...（和......一样......）（表肯定）HeisasoldasI.=HeisthesameageasI.他和我一样大。②notas/so+adj.+as=less+adj.+than（不如）（表否定）Wealthisnotsoimportantashealth.=Wealthislessimportantthanhealth.财富不如健康重要。③as+adj.+n.（不可数名词或可数名词复数）+as或as+adj.+a/as+n.（可数名词单数）+asYouareasgoodastudentasshe.她跟你一样是好学生。④as+adj./adv.+as+onecan/possible（尽可能）Hewentthereasearlyaspossible.他尽可能早地去了那里。⑤倍数+as+adj.+as...（......的几倍）Thehouseis3timesasbigasours.这座房子是我们房子的3倍大。例1.Someoftheoldaboutthespaceagearecomingtrue.A.fantasiesB.biographiesC.nightmaresD.impressions例2.Thegirlwasinsuchahurrythatshealmostbeforeshesawme.A.knockdownmeB.knockedmedownC.turnedmeoverD.turnedoverme例3.Inthisnovel,theauthorhisheroineinafewparagraphs.characterizedwroteabouttalkedaboutwroteespeciallyabout例4.（2015四川南充高二检测）Severaltruckswereparkedinthemiddleoftheroadsoastothesoldiers'way.A.stickB.blockC.leadD.meet例5.（2015青岛检测）Tasmaniawasafteritsdiscoverer,A.J.Tasman.A.calledB.namedC.madeD.said例6.（2014湖北高考）Isthisyournecklace,Mary?IitwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.A.cameacrossB.dealtwithC.lookedafterD.wentfor基础演练一.根据提示在空白处填写单词。Thisisanovel,butontheotherhand,itcanbelookedasa__________（传记）.Thebaby'smother__________（抛弃）himsoonaftergivingbirth.Thedooropenedandcameinanoldwomanwitha__________（悲伤的）expression.Mytrousersweresotight,andthey__________（裂开）whenIsatdown.Assoonasheopenedhismouth,everyoneb________outlaughing.Thetemplesandtheatresallbear________（目击者；证人）tothecity'sformergreatness.Didn'tito______toyouthatyourhusbandmightbelate?Ihaveno________（同情）forJane.Itisallherownfault.Ithinkthesetraditionalcustomsshouldbep________.Learnerscanget________（泄气的）ifanexerciseistoodifficult.二.单项选择。（2015湖北襄阳五中期末测试）Mybrotherhadto______hisjourneybecauseofmymother'sillness.Abandon B.leave C.desert D.quit2.（2015南充中学测试）Evenbeforequiteafewpeople,Ican't______thecouragetospeakaloud.A.gather B.collect C.assemble D.raise3.（2015杭州测试）Whenhe______withhiselderbrother,hesuddenly______intotears.A.wasarguing;burst B.argued;burstC.hadargued;wasbursting D.wasarguing;wasburst4.------Didyoutakeenoughmoneywithyou?------No,Ineeded______IthoughtIwould.A.notsomuchas B.asmuchasC.muchmorethan D.kinderthan5.Sometypesofwood______easily.A.splits B.splitting C.split D.tosplit巩固提高一.单句填空。1.Idon’tknowthereal________reasonofthequarrel.Maybeit________frommisunderstanding.(origin)2.Wewere________ofhisspeech.His________speechmadeussleepy.Butheseemedtobe________andtalkedonandon.(tired)3.Heis________cleverinourclass.Heisgoodatsciencesubjectsin________.(particular)4.He________aboxofchocolatetohiswifeasa________.(present)5.Theweatherwas________.Wewere________fromclimbingthatmountain.(discourage)二.单项选择。1.Seeingthefield________withsnow,wehadtospendtheholidayathome,watchingTV.A.blocking B.toblock C.blocked D.tobeblocked2.Whenthefactoryloses,itwillmean500people________theirjobs.A.losing B.tolose C.lost D.havinglost3.Itisalegal________forparentstoensurethattheirchildrenareprovidedwithefficienteducationsuitabletotheirage.A.sympathy B.obligation C.involve D.influence4.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool________Mr.Smithgotangry.A.why B.who C.where D.that5.Ihavealways________toChina,andnowmydreamhas________.A.dreamcoming;cometrue B.dreamedofcoming;cometrueC.dreamedtocome;realized D.dreamedcoming;realizing一.完成句子。从我没坐的位置看，整个舞台尽收眼底。We________________________________________ofthewholestagefromwhereweweresitting.他们说作出这个决定，与其说是出于气愤，不如说是出于悲伤。Theysaidthatthedecisionwasmade_____________________________________________________________.我突然想起我给你打过电话。It__________tomethat________________________________________.你不能总是指望别人的帮助。Youcan'talways____________________thehelpfromothers.他以嘲笑的口吻对我说了这个消息。Hetoldmethenews________________________________________.目前的形式很复杂，所以我想我要花一些时间来弄清楚它的真实情况。Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimeto____________________itsreality.以损人开始，只能以害己告终。Tostartwiththeaimofdoingharmstoothersisonlyto____________________byruiningoneself.他英语说得确实非常流利，但是当然还是不如母语是英语的人。HespeaksEnglishverywellindeed,butofcoursenot_______________________________anativespeaker.我妈妈打开抽屉把刀子和勺子放好。Mymotheropenedthedrawerto____________________theknivesandspoons.出于对那些无家可归的孩子的同情，他给他们提供住所过夜。_______________________________forthehomelesschildren,hegavethemshelterforthenight.二.单项选择。1.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,sincewhentheeducationsystem________greatchanges.A.witnessed B.haswitnessed C.hadwitnessed D.saw2.Whenhecameoutofthewater,hewas________withcold.A.shaking B.waving C.trembling D.declining3.Hetriedallthemeansto________hisdaughter________theunreasonabledeed.A.encourage;todo B.discourage;fromdoingC.encourage;fromdoing D.discourage;todo4.Thesebookswillbe________helpfultothosewhowishtoimprovetheirEnglish.A.exactly B.particularly C.generally D.honestly5.________Icanseewhatyoumean,eventhoughIdon'tshareyouropinion.A.Inaway B.Ontheway C.Bytheway D.Intheway6.Ifyouareintrouble,don'tturntohimforhelp,becauseheisnotapersonwhocanbe________.A.counted B.countedon C.depended D.basedon7.Insummer,largequantitiesoffruitmaybe________byfreezingorbottling.A.defended B.protected C.preserved D.developed8.Modernplasticscan________veryhighandverylowtemperatures.A.stand B.hold C.take D.get9.Irememberedhisfather________Isawhim.A.themoment B.forthemoment C.atthemoment D.atanymoment10.Theaddressyousaidisonthisblock;youcanbeabitmore________.A.special B.specific C.additional D.spare11.Thediscoveryis________tous.A.verysignificance B.ofgreatsignificantC.ofverysignificant D.verysignificant12.Thereisnothingof________importanceinthatnewbook.A.particular B.regular C.special D.specific13.Americanseat________vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.A.morethantwiceasmany B.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyas D.morethantwice14.Wouldyouslowdownabit,please?Ican't________you.A.keepupwith B.putupwith C.makeupfor D.holdonto15.Theletters________wellagainstthedarkbackground.A.stoodby B.stoodfor C.stoodonourfeet D.stoodout__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单项选择1.----Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?-----_______________?A.Whatfor B.whatisit C.Howisit D.Howcome2.Maryfinally_____Bruceasherlife-longcompanion.A.received B.accepted C.made D.honoured3.Ifthisdictionaryisnotyours,_____canitbeA.whatelse B.whoelse C.whichelse's D.whoelse's4.Imustbegettingfat-----Ican_____domytrousersup.A.fairly B.hardly C.nearly D.seldom5.Youmustfacetherealityandknowtheenvironment_________.A.thatyouget B.whereyouhave C.youarein D.whenyoustay6.Withalotofhomeworktodothisevening,Tom’smotherwillallowhimtowatchTV_____.A.innotime B.atonetime C.atnotime D.atatime7.Thefilmcompanyplans_____thefilmbeforeChristmas.A.releasing B.comingout C.tobepublished D.torelease8.Iprefer_____itatonceratherthandelayingittomorrow.A.do B.todo C.done D.doing9.Everyonehadanapplicationforminhishand,butnooneknewwhichofficeroom_____.A.tosendit B.tobesentto C.tosenditto D.tohaveitsend10._________togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhis_____cigarettes.A.Determined;remained B.Determining;remainingC.Determined;remaining D.Determining;remained11.Theywereaccused（被告）of_____theirpowertokeeppricestoohigh.A.abuse B.abusing C.abused D.beingabused12.-----Areyousatisfiedwiththeresult?-----Notatall．Itcouldn’tbe_____.A.anyworse B.anybetter C.good D.bad13.Compareyourselfnowwith________andtrytoexceed(超越)pastachievementssothatyoucanmakeprogressstepbystep.A.whatyouusedtobe B.whatyouusedtodoC.youusedtodo D.youusedtobe14.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_____weallagreedtoaccept.A.as B.that C.so D.afterwhich15._____thepairofbrandnewsneakers,Tomjumpedwithjoy.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.Seeing B.Atthesightof C.Onseeing D.Caughtsightof二.完形填空。Peter’sjobwastoexaminecarswhentheycrossedthefrontiertomakesurethattheywerenotsmugglinganythingintothecountry.Everyeveninghewouldseeafactoryworkercoming__1__thehilltowardsthefrontier,__2__abikewithapileofgoodsofoldstrawonit.Whenthebike__3__thefrontier,Peterwouldstopthemanand__4__himtake