英语名词大全

水果类（fruits）：火龙果pitaya西红柿tomato菠萝pineapple西瓜watermelon香蕉banana柚子shaddock（pomelo）橙子orange苹果apple柠檬lemon樱桃cherry桃子peach梨pear枣Chinesedate（去核枣pitteddate）椰子coconut草莓strawberry树莓raspberry蓝莓blueberry黑莓blackberry葡萄grape甘蔗sugarcane芒果mango木瓜pawpaw或者papaya杏子apricot油桃nectarine柿子persimmon石榴pomegranate榴莲jackfruit槟榔果arecanut（西班牙产苦橙）bitterorange猕猴桃kiwifruitorChinesegooseberry金橘cumquat蟠桃flatpeach荔枝litchi青梅greengage山楂果haw水蜜桃honeypeach香瓜，甜瓜muskmelon李子plum杨梅waxberryredbayberry桂圆longan沙果crabapple杨桃starfruit枇杷loquat柑橘tangerine莲雾wax-apple番石榴guava肉、蔬菜类（livestock家畜）：南瓜（倭瓜）pumpkincushaw甜玉米Sweetcorn牛肉beef猪肉pork羊肉mutton羔羊肉lamb鸡肉chicken生菜莴苣lettuce白菜Chinesecabbage（celerycabbage）（甘蓝）卷心菜cabbage萝卜radish胡萝卜carrot韭菜leek木耳agarics豌豆pea马铃薯（土豆）potato黄瓜cucumber苦瓜balsampear秋葵okra洋葱onion芹菜celery芹菜杆celerysticks地瓜sweetpotato蘑菇mushroom橄榄olive菠菜spinach冬瓜（Chinese）waxgourd莲藕lotusroot紫菜laver油菜colerape茄子eggplant香菜caraway枇杷loquat青椒greenpepper四季豆青刀豆gardenbean银耳silveryfungi腱子肉tendon肘子porkjoint茴香fennel（茴香油fenneloil药用）鲤鱼carp咸猪肉bacon金针蘑needlemushroom扁豆lentil槟榔areca牛蒡greatburdock水萝卜summerradish竹笋bambooshoot艾蒿Chinesemugwort绿豆mungbean毛豆greensoybean瘦肉leanmeat肥肉speck黄花菜daylily（daylilybud）豆芽菜beansprout丝瓜towelgourd(注：在美国丝瓜或用来做丝瓜茎loofah洗澡的，不是食用的)海鲜类（seafood）：虾仁PeeledPrawns龙虾lobster小龙虾crayfish（退缩者）蟹crab蟹足crabclaws小虾（虾米）shrimp对虾、大虾prawn（烤）鱿鱼（toast）squid海参seacucumber扇贝scallop鲍鱼sea-earabalone小贝肉cockles牡蛎oyster鱼鳞scale海蜇jellyfish鳖海龟turtle蚬蛤clam鲅鱼culter鲳鱼butterfish虾籽shrimpegg鲢鱼银鲤鱼chubsilvercarp黄花鱼yellowcroaker调料类（seasonings）：醋vinegar酱油soy盐salt加碘盐iodizedsalt糖sugar白糖refinedsugar酱soysauce沙拉salad辣椒hot（red）pepper胡椒（black）pepper花椒wildpepperChinesepricklyashpowder色拉油saladoil调料fixingsauceseasoning砂糖granulatedsugar红糖brownsugar冰糖RockSugar芝麻Sesame芝麻酱Sesamepaste芝麻油Sesameoil咖喱粉curry番茄酱（汁）ketchupredeye辣根horseradish葱shallot（Springonions）姜ginger蒜garlic料酒cookingwine蚝油oystersauce枸杞（枇杷,欧查果）medlar八角aniseed酵母粉yeastbarm黄椒Yellowpepper肉桂cinnamon(在美国十分受欢迎，很多事物都有肉桂料)黄油butter香草精vanillaextract(甜点必备)面粉flour洋葱onion主食类（staplefood）：三文治sandwich米饭rice粥congee（ricesoup）汤soup饺子dumpling面条noodle比萨饼pizza方便面instantnoodle香肠sausage面包bread黄油（白塔油）butter茶叶蛋Teaeggs油菜rape饼干cookies咸菜（泡菜）pickle馒头steamedbread饼（蛋糕）cake汉堡hamburger火腿ham奶酪cheese馄饨皮wontonskin高筋面粉Strongflour小麦wheat大麦barley青稞highlandbarley高粱broomcorn（kaoliang）春卷Springrolls芋头Taro山药yam鱼翅sharkfin黄花daylily松花蛋皮蛋preservedeggs春卷springroll肉馅饼mincedpie糙米Brownrice玉米corn馅儿stuffing开胃菜appetizer面粉flour燕麦oat白薯甘薯sweetpotato牛排steak里脊肉fillet凉粉beanjelly糯米江米stickyrice燕窝bird'snest粟Chinesecorn肉丸子meatballs枳橙citrange点心（中式）dimsum淀粉starch蛋挞eggtart（dryfruits）干果类：腰果Cashewnuts花生peanut无花果fig榛子filberthazel栗子chestnut核桃walnut杏仁almond果脯preservedfruit芋头taro葡萄干raisincordial开心果pistachion巴西果brazilnut菱角,荸荠waterchestnut(和国内食用法不同，做坚果食用)plainnoodle阳春面casserole砂锅chafingdish,firepot火锅meatbun肉包子shao-mai烧麦preservedbeancurd腐乳beancurd豆腐fermentedblankbean豆豉pickledcucumbers酱瓜preservedegg皮蛋saltedduckegg咸鸭蛋driedturnip萝卜干西餐与日本料理：menu菜单Frenchcuisine法国菜today'sspecial今日特餐chef'sspecial主厨特餐buffet自助餐fastfood快餐specialty招牌菜continentalcuisine欧式西餐aperitif饭前酒dimsum点心Frenchfires炸薯条bakedpotato烘马铃薯mashedpotatoes马铃薯泥omelette简蛋卷pudding布丁pastries甜点pickledvegetables泡菜kimchi韩国泡菜crabmeat蟹肉prawn明虾conch海螺escargots田螺braisedbeef炖牛肉bacon熏肉poachedegg荷包蛋sunnysideup煎一面荷包蛋over煎两面荷包蛋friedegg煎蛋overeasy煎半熟蛋overhard煎全熟蛋scrambleeggs炒蛋boiledegg煮蛋stonefirepot石头火锅sashi日本竹筷sake日本米酒misoshiru味噌汤roastmeat铁板烤肉sashimi生鱼片butter奶油时间:year年thisyear今年，yearbeforelastyear前年lastyear去年nextyear明年yearafternextyear后年thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天thisweek这个星期lastweek上个星期nextweek下个星期thismonth这个月lastmonth上个月nextmonth下个月家庭成员：family家庭marriage婚姻spouse配偶couple夫妻parents父母child孩子single单身者male男的female女的husband丈夫wife妻子father父亲mother母亲son儿子daughter女儿grandchildren孙辈grandson孙子，外孙granddaughter孙女，外孙女brother兄弟sister姐妹twin双胞胎的grandfather祖父grandmother祖母granny奶奶，外婆grandma奶奶，外婆grandpa爷爷，外公great-grandfather曾祖父great-grandmother曾祖母son-in-law女婿daughter-in-law儿媳father-in-law岳父（公公）mother-in-law岳母（婆婆）sister-in-law妯娌stepfather继父stepmother继母stepson继子stepdaughter继女stepbrother异父(母)之兄弟stepsister异父(母)之姐妹fosterfather养父fostermother养母adoptedson养子adopteddaughter养女uncle叔父，伯父，舅父，姑父aunt婶母，伯母，舅母，姑母nephew侄儿，外甥niece侄女，外甥女cousin堂兄妹，表兄妹generation代descent世系，血统offspring后代，后辈ancestor祖先heir继承人日用品等：Bbagn.书包；提袋；袋子balln.球baseballn.棒球basketballn.篮球blackboardn.黑板bookn.书；本子Ccartoonn.动画片，卡通；漫画chalkn.粉笔chessn.棋，国际象棋comicn.连环画杂志compassn.指南针，罗盘；圆规computern.电子计算机；电脑covern.盖子；罩Ddailyn.日报designn.图案，图样，样式deskn.书桌，写字台diaryn.日记；日记簿dictionaryn.词典，字典diploman.毕业文凭；学位证书drawingn.图画，素描（画）drumn.鼓Eeraser（rubber）n.橡皮擦；黑板擦Ffootballn.（美式）橄榄球；（英式）足球Gguitarn.吉他；六弦琴Iinkn.墨水，油墨Kknife[复数形式（pl.）：knives]n.小刀；匕首；刀片Llandscapen.风景画，山水画Mmagazinen.杂志mapn.地图modeln.模型Nnewspapern.报纸notebookn.笔记簿Ppaintingn.油画，水彩画papern.纸；报纸penn.钢笔，笔pencil-boxn.铅笔盒penciln.铅笔pianon.钢琴ping-pongn.乒乓球portraitn.肖像；半身画像Rrulern.尺子，直尺Sschoolbagn.书包sciencefiction科幻小说skin.滑雪板soccer（也作：football）n.足球Ttabletennis乒乓球tapen.磁带；录音带tennisn.网球timetablen.（学校）课表Vviolinn.小提琴volleyballn.排球Wworkbookn.练习册；作业本生活用品Aairconditioningn.空调系统armn.支架awardn.奖励，奖品Bbackpackn.背包balloonn.气球basketn.（篮球运动的）篮；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紫蓝purplishblue浅紫蓝dutchblue青蓝ultramarine深灰蓝blueashes深蓝darkblue;deepblue鲜蓝clearblue中蓝mediumblue浅蓝lightblue淡蓝paleblue;babyblue紫色purple;violet紫罗兰色violet紫水晶色amethyst葡萄紫grape茄皮紫wineberry;aubergine玫瑰紫roseviolet丁香紫lilac墨紫violetblack绛紫darkreddishpurple暗紫violetdeep;dullpurple乌紫raisin蓝紫royalpurple鲜紫violetlight深紫modena浅紫greyviolet淡紫palepurple;lavender淡白紫violetash青莲heliotrope雪青lilac墨绛红purpleblack暗绛红purpledeep浅绛红purplelight黑色black炭黑carbonblack;charcoalblack暗黑pitch-black;pitch-dark漆黑dullblack白色white象牙白ivorywhite牡蛎白oysterwhite珍珠白pearlwhite玉石白jadewhite银白silverwhite羊毛白woolwhite乳白milkywhite米白off-white;shell雪白snow-white灰白greyishwhite纯白purewhite本白rawwhite;offwhite粉红白pinkywhite浅紫白lilacwhite灰色grey银灰色silvergrey炭灰色charcoalgrey烟灰smokygrey雾灰mistygrey黑灰greyblack金色gold银色silver青古铜色bronze;bronzy驼色camel;lighttan米色beige;cream;graysand卡其色khaki奶油色cream豆沙色cameobrown水晶色crystal荧光色iridescent彩虹色iris;rainbow棕色brown茶褐umber;auburn淡褐lightbrown咖啡coffee琥珀色amber职业：accountant:会计actor:男演员actress:女演员airlinerepresentative:地勤人员anchor:新闻主播announcer:广播员architect:建筑师artist:艺术家associateprofessor:副教授astronaut:宇航员.attendant:服务员auditor:审计员automechanic:汽车技工baker:烘培师barber:理发师(男)baseballplayer:棒球选手bellboy:门童bellhop:旅馆的行李员binman:清洁工,垃圾工blacksmith:铁匠boxer:拳击手broker(agent):经纪人budgeteer:预算编制者busdriver:公车(巴士)司机butcher:屠夫,肉商buyer:采购员carpenter:木匠cartoonist:漫画家cashier:出纳员chef:厨师chemist:化学师clerk:店员clown:小丑cobbler:制(补)鞋匠computerprogrammer:程序员constructionworker:建筑工人cook:厨师cowboy:牛仔customsofficer:海关官员dancer:舞者dentist:牙科医生designer:设计师deskclerk:接待员detective侦探doctor:医生door-to-doorsalesman:推销员driver:司机dustman:清洁工editor:编辑electrician:电工engineer:工程师farmer:农夫fashiondesigner:时装设计师fireman(firefighter):消防员fisherman:渔夫florist:花商flyer:飞行员Foreignminister:外交部长gardener花匠(园丁)gasstationattendant:加油工geologist:地质学家guard:警卫guide:导游hiredresseer:理发师,美容师(女)housekeeper:管家housewife:家庭主妇interpreter:口译员janitor:清洁工journalist:记者judge法官lawyer:律师librarian:图书管理员.lifeguard:救生员magician:魔术师masseur:男按摩师masseuse:女按摩师mathematician:数学家mechanic:机械师,机修工miner:矿工model:模特儿monk:和尚,教士moviedirector:导演moviestar:电影明星musician:音乐家nun:尼姑nurse:护士officeclerk:职员officestaff上班族operator:接线员parachutist:跳伞人.personnel职员pharmacist药剂师photographer:摄影师pilot:飞行员planner:计划员policeman:警察postalclerk:邮政人员postman:邮差President:总统priest:牧师processfor:教授realestateagent:房地产经纪人receptionist:接待员repairman:修理工人reporter:记者sailor:船员，水手salesman/selespeople/salesperson:售货员scientist:科学家seamstress女装裁缝师secretary:秘书singer:歌手soldiery:士兵,军人statistician:统计员surveyor:测量技师tailor:裁缝师taxidriver计程车司机teacher:教师technician:技术人员tourguide:导游trafficwarden:交通管理员.translator:翻译（笔译）TVproducer:电视制作人typist:打字员vet:兽医veterinarian兽医waiter:侍者(服务生)waitress:女侍者(服务生)welder:焊接工writer:作家学科：Chinese语文English英语mathematics数学science理科gymnastics体育history历史algebra代数geometry几何geography地理biology生物chemistry化学physics物理art美术music音乐球类运动：football足球rugby橄榄球basketball篮球volleyball排球tennis网球handball手球hockey曲棍球golf高尔夫球cricket板球icehockey冰球baseball棒球softball垒球pingpang乒乓球（或者tabletennis）乐器：Violin小提琴Viola中提琴Cello大提琴Doublebass低音提琴或大贝司flute长笛piccolo短笛clarinet单簧管oboe双簧管Englishhorn英国管bassoon或fogotto大管doublebassoon低音大管horn或Frenchhorn圆号或法国圆号trumpet小号cornet短号trombone长号tuba大号"kettledrums或timpani定音鼓compane排钟glockenspiel钟琴xylophone木琴bassdrum大鼓sidedrum小鼓cymbals钹gong锣triangl(+e)三角铁tambourine铃鼓harp竖琴piano钢琴guitar吉他piano钢琴交通工具：ambulance/5AmbjulEns/

救护车

bike/baik/自行车

bicycle/5baisikl/自行车

motorcycle/5moutEsaikl/摩托车

cart/ka:t/二轮马车

carriage/5kAridV/四轮马车

car/ka:/小汽车

jeep/dVi:p/

吉普车

tractor/5trAktE/

拖拉机

lorry重型卡车

truck卡车

bus大客车

coach大客车

van

厢式货车

taxi计程汽车,出租汽车

subway地铁

railway铁路

train/火车

locomotive/火车头

express快客列车

boat小船

ship船

yacht游船vessel大船

warship军舰

aeroplane飞机

plane飞机

aircraft飞机

airplane飞机

jet喷气飞机

spaceship宇宙飞船

spaceshuttle

航天飞机

helicopter直升飞机动物：Tiger老虎Giraffe长颈鹿Lion狮子Deer鹿Leopard豹Monkey猴子Elephant大象Chimpanzees黑猩猩Horse马Bear熊Donkey驴Kangaroo袋鼠Ox牛Hedgehog刺猬Sheep绵羊Rhinoceros犀牛Dog狗Camel骆驼Cat猫Hippopotamus河马Pig猪Crocodile鳄鱼Chicken鸡肉Snake蛇Rabbit兔子Frog青蛙Duck鸭子Tortoise乌龟Goose鹅Fox狐狸Panda熊猫Squirrel松鼠Zebra斑马Mouse老鼠Wolf狼Peacock（雄）孔雀Owl猫头鹰Sparrow麻雀TocotoucanMissma这个字典里没有shrimp虾Dragofly蜻蜓Fly苍蝇；飞虫Cicada蝉Mantis螳螂Cricket蟋蟀Pigeon鸽子Crane鹤Penguin企鹅Ostrich鸵鸟Crab蟹Ant蚂蚁Bee蜜蜂Ladybird雌鸟Parrot鹦鹉Swan天鹅Eagle鹰Fish鱼Butterfly蝴蝶Mosquito蚊子量词：adropofwater一滴水afloodofmoonlight一片月光afloodoflight一大片强光afloodofpeople人潮如涌afloodofwords口若悬河afloodoftears泪如泉涌awispofsmoke一缕烟/一股烟awispofasmile一丝微笑apaneofglass一块玻璃alayerofrock一层岩石acloudofsmoke一团烟雾abeamoflight一束光线abladeofgrass一片草叶ablockofwood一块木头acubeofsugar一块方糖arollofnewspaper一卷报纸aconeoficecream一个蛋卷冰淇淋abarofchocolate一块巧克力astackofhay一堆乾草aloafofbread一个面包agrainofrice一粒米acakeofsoap一块肥皂adashofsalt一撮盐acoilofwire一卷电线arolloftobacco一卷烟草arollofbread一块面包aballofwool一个毛线球aglimmerofhope一线希望athreadofhope一线希望athreadofsmoke一缕青烟Apieceofsuchcord一根细丝athreadofwater细细的一条流水amouthfulofsweetcountryair一口新鲜的乡村空气ahandfulofcorn一把玉米ahandfulofpeople少数几个人agroupofpeople[trees,houses]一群人[一片树林,一片房子]anarmyofelephants一群大象apack/throngofwolves一群狼abatchofdogs一群狗abroodofchicks一群小鸡ahiveofbees一群蜜蜂ahostofmonkeys一群猴子aschooloffish一群鱼aswarmoflocusts一群蝗虫ateam/fieldofhorses一群马agangofelks一群驼鹿aburstoflaughter一阵笑声agustofwind一股风awebofrailroad铁路网atrainofthoughts一连串的想法anicecupoftea一杯好茶athincoatofice一层薄冰astagnantpoolofwater一潭死水abeautifulstretchoffield一片美丽的原野apairofglasses一副眼镜apairofscissors一把剪刀apairofpliers一把钳子apairofspectacles一副眼镜apairoftrousers一条裤子apairofshoes一双鞋apairofpant一条裤子apairofdancers一对舞伴apairofstairs一段楼梯apairofpliers一把剪钳apieceofpaper一张纸apieceofinformation一条消息anarticleofclothes一件衣物acupofwater一杯水apacketofcigarettes一盒香烟abasketofvegetables一篮子蔬菜抽象名词一．表示“好”的品质、性格等方面的词语

1.devotion/loyalty忠实/忠诚；/faith/faithfulness/fidelity忠实/诚实；allegiance

忠贞，效忠;

2.honesty/sincerity/cordiality诚挚，诚恳；hospitality热情好客

friendliness友好；

amity友好;

3.credit/trust/credibility信任，信用；reliability可靠性

4.confidence/reliance信心，依靠;diligence/industry/hardwork努力,勤奋；courage/

bravery

勇气,勇敢;cooperation/collaboration合作,协作；solidarity/unity团结；

5.sympathy/compassion/pity同情，怜悯；mercy仁慈，可怜；benevolence善意，仁慈；

6.appeal/attraction/temptation/lure/enticement/吸引力

7.humanity人类，人性，人道，仁慈；humanities人文学科

8.harmony和谐;peace和平;appreciation欣赏

9.ingenuity/creativity/创造力，灵活性

10.dignity/self-respect/self-esteem/reverence

尊严，自尊，高贵

11.courtesy/manners/politeness/humility谦卑，礼貌

12.innocence无辜，清白;prestige威望，名望；魅力，吸引力;reputation/fame/名声，名誉

13.perseverance毅力;persistence坚持;mercy/beneficence/goodness/kindness仁慈，善良

14.integrity=honesty正直，诚实；

15.conscience良心，良知;morality道德观;values价值观

16.admiration/adoration崇拜，敬爱；aspiration/desire/longing希望，渴望;ambition抱负，

理想，野心

17.thank/gratitude/gratification感谢，感恩，满意

18.generosity慷慨，大方;reward回报，奖赏

19.joy/happiness/pleasure/rejoice/elation/cheerfulness快乐，高兴，愉快

20.craftiness/cuteness/shrewdness/smartness/cunning

21.prudence/carefulness/caution/谨慎，小心

二．表示“不好”的品质、性格等方面的词语

1.immorality不道德;hypocrisy/dishonesty虚伪

hypocritical/dishonest虚伪的，伪善的

2.deception/fraud/trickery/cheat/lie/betrayal/humbug/swindle/hoax/trick/

mislead/coax/deceit/lie欺骗；欺诈；哄骗

3.fiction/illusion/legend/tales/fantasy/myth/anecdote虚构，假想

4.slyness

狡猾，fox狡猾的人,abjection悲惨，下流，卑鄙

5.guilt罪行，内疚;anxiety/worry/apprehension/焦虑，着急;gloom/sadness/

grief/melancholy/dismal忧郁，郁闷，悲伤

6.irresponsibility不负责任;insecurity不安全/terrorism恐怖

7.cruelty/bloodiness/brutality

残忍，残酷，

8.discrimination/bias/prejudice/injustice/inequality/unfairness歧视，偏见，不公平;

grievance冤枉，委屈，不平三．政治类名词aide助手，副官alderman市长助理，市府参事，地方官

assemblyman众议员attorney律师candidate候选人

columnist专栏作家commentator评论员

congressman国会议员councilor委员delegate代表governor省长，州长incumbent任职者mayor市长

pollster民意测验专家president总统representative代表secretaryofstate国务秘书selectman行政委员

senator参议员sheriff州长speaker发言人

vice-president副总统voter选民ambassador大使

envoy特使courier信使emi