Unit5LearningfromNatureDevelopingideas课件高二下学期英语选择性

Developingideas—ReadingcomprehensionSilentSpringUnit6

NatureinwordsBytheendofthisperiod,studentswillbeableto:1.understandthecontentofthetextandtheauthor’sevaluationofRachelCarson;2.figureoutthebasicstructureofabookreview;3.findoutthemessageconveyedinSilentSpringandtheinfluenceofthebook;4.knowtheimpactofhumanactivitiesonthenaturalenvironment,andimprovetheawarenessofprotectingnature.CONTENTSPre-readingIWhile-readingIIPost-readingIIISentencesanalysisIVDoyouknowsomethingaboutDDT?1962年，美国科学家蕾切尔·卡逊(RachelCarson)在其著作《寂静的春天》中怀疑，DDT进入食物链，是导致一些食肉和食鱼的鸟接近灭绝的主要原因。因此从70年代后DDT逐渐被世界各国明令禁止生产和使用。Pre-readingDDTisachemicalcompoundthatwasoriginallydevelopedasaninsecticide.Ithasnocolour,tasteorodour.ItsagriculturalusewasbannedintheUSin1972becauseofitsdamagingeffectsontheenvironment.Lookattheinfographicbelowandanswerthequestions.FactsaboutDDT:•DDTwasfirstproducedin1874andwaslaterusedaspesticide.•Itstaysintheenvironment.•Itishighlypoisonoustolivingorganism,includinghumans.•Nowbannedinmanycountries,itisstillusedinsomeformalaria(疟疾)control.information+graphic(图表)

[məˈleərɪə]1.HowdoesDDTreachthehumanbodyinthefoodchain?issprayedontoplantsleaksthroughthesoilandintoriversandlakesisabsorbedbytheplantsisconsumedbyanimalscontaminatesfishWhenDDTissprayedontoplantsinordertokillinsects,itisabsorbedbyplantsandsubsequentlyconsumedbyanimals;humansinturneatthoseanimals.DDTalsoleaksthroughthesoilandintoriversandlakes,whereitcontaminatesfishconsumedbyhumans.2.WhatharmdoesDDTcause?abookthatledtothebanningofDDTLet’sreadthe

bookreview

onSilentSpring.Predictwhatwillbementionedinthepassage.BookReview:anarticleinanewspaperormagazinegivingopiniononabook.DDTishighlypoisonoustolivingorganism,includinghumans.BookReviewBasicInformationofthebookFeaturesofthewritingCommentsonthisbookInfluenceofthisbooktheauthor,yearofpublication,theme,mainidea,reasonforpublicationContentofthisbookNowreadthepassageandcheckyourprediction.Activity1

Fast-­readingformainideas1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.AbookreviewonSilentSpring.B.ThelifestoryofRachelCarson.C.Whattookplaceinasilentspring.D.Thebookwasreceivedpositivelybyallthepeople.√While-readingPara.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5A.Theaimofthebook.B.Theopeningofthebook.C.Thebook’sgreatimpact.D.Someunsuccessfulsolutions.E.Thebookdeservestobereread.F.Commentsonthebook.Para.62．Matcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.Activity2:Careful-­readingfordetails.

Therewasastrangestillness.Thebirds,forexample–wherehadtheygone?Manypeoplespokeofthem,puzzledanddisturbed.Thefeedingstationsinthebackyardsweredeserted.Thefewbirdsseenanywhereweremoribund;theytrembledviolentlyandcouldnotfly.Itwasaspringwithoutvoices.Onthemorningsthathadoncethrobbedwiththedawnchorusofrobins(知更鸟),catbirds(北美猫鸟),doves(鸽子),jays(松鸦),wrens(鹪鹩),andscoresofotherbirdvoicestherewasnownosound;onlysilencelayoverthefieldsandwoodsandmarsh.1.What’sthetopicofSilent

Springaccordingtotheselines?A.Love,hope,human.

B.Nature,love,life.C.Nature,life,human.

D.Nature,love,human.√2．Whydidmanypeoplegetpuzzledanddisturbed?A.Becausetheydidn’tspeakofbirdsagain.B.Becausethefeedingstationsweredestroyed.C.Becausebirdsvoiceswereunusual.D.Becausemostbirdsweregone.√moribundadj.[正式用语]垂死的该词源自拉丁语moribundus（垂死的、在死亡的边缘）。ReadPara.1anddothefollowingexercises.robins(知更鸟)catbirds(北美猫鸟)doves(鸽子)jays(松鸦)wrens(鹪鹩)Guessthenamesofthesebirds.RachelCarsonwasascientistbyprofession,buttheselinesfromtheopeningchapterofher1962bookSilentSpring,“AFableforTomorrow”,showhertalentasawriter.Byimaginingaworldwithoutbirds,sheaimedtoalertnotonlythescientificcommunitybutalsothegeneralpublictothedamagingeffectsofhumanactivityonnaturalecosystems—inparticular,totheharmfuluseofpesticides,suchasDDT.Shebelievedthatthechemicalindustrywasknowinglycausingharmtoplants,animalsandevenhumans,andwishedtoseepesticidesusedinamoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredway.Theaimofthebook.1.What’sRachelCarson’spurposeofwritingthebookSilent

Spring?A.Toprovethebirdsaredyingout.B.Toremindpeople.C.Toshowherwritingability.D.Towarnpeoplenottotradeinwildanimals.√ReadPara.2anddothefollowingexercises.2.Whatcausedsilentspringaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Thebirdsdidn’twakeupsoearly.B.Thepeoplekilledthebirdsrandomly.C.Theanimalsalldiedoutbecauseofhumanactivity.D.Thebirdsdiedbecauseoftheharmfuluseofpesticides.Shebelievedthatthechemicalindustrywasknowinglycausingharmtoplants,animalsandevenhumans,andwishedtoseepesticidesusedinamoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredway.√Wecanconcludefromherwordsthatpesticidesshouldbeusedinamore___________way.reasonableCarsonurgedpeopletomakethemselvesawareofthefactsanddosomethingaboutthesituation.SilentSpringcontainsalotofscientificresearchandcasestudies.Thebookdetailsthegypsymotheradicationprogramme,whichkilledbirds,inadditiontogypsymoths.Anothercasestudywasthefire-antprogrammethatkilledcows,butnotfireants.Thebookalsogivesdozensofotherexamplesoferadicationprogrammesthatdidnothingtoreducetheproblemstheywereoriginallydesignedtosolve.The50orsopagesattheendofthebooklistCarson’ssources,showinghowthoroughandpreciseshewasasascientist.Someunsuccessfulsolutions.1.What’sthepurposeofsomanyresearchandcasestudiesinthebook?Tomakepeopleawareofthefactsanddosomethingaboutthesituation.2.Findtheunsuccessfulsolutionsinthisparagraph.(1)Thegypsymotheradicationprogramme,whichkilledbirds,inadditiontogypsymoths.(2)Thefire-antprogrammethatkilledcows,butnotfireants.ReadPara.3anddothefollowingexercises.3.HowdidCarsonshowpeoplefailedtosolvetheproblemstheyfaced?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bydoingexperimentsherself.C.BysearchingontheInternet.D.Bytellingsomefables.√4.CanyoufindmoreevidencethatshowsRachelCarsonwasascientist?The50orsopagesattheendofthebooklistCarson’ssources,showinghowthoroughandpreciseshewasasascientist.thorough：doingthingsverycarefullyandwithgreatattentiontodetail仔细周到；工作缜密；一丝不苟Carson’smessagewasveryalarming,causingagreatincreaseinenvironmentalawareness.Itsimpactwasimmediateandfar-reaching:theuseofDDTwasbannedandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)wasestablishedintheUS.SilentSpringwasthereforeregardedasamilestoneinthelaunchofthegreenmovementintheWesternworld.ItalsoearnedCarsonaposthumousPresidentialMedalofFreedomandputherfaceonthe17-centUSstamp.Thebook’sgreatimpact.TheuseofDDTwasbanned:EPAwasestablished;ItearnedCarsonaposthumousPresidentialMedaloffreedom1.Whataretheimpacts?2.Whatcausedagreatincreaseintheawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment?A.Carson’sresearch.B.Thefire­-antprogram.C.Thegreenmovement.D.Somegypsymoths.√posthumous：post-(后)

+hum(土)，埋藏，引申为死→死后的ReadPara.4anddothefollowingexercises.BackgroundinformationTheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,establishedin1970,isanindependentagencyoftheUSgovernment.Itworkstoprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironmentthroughregulatingautoemissions,banningtheuseofDDT,cleaninguptoxicwaste,increasingrecycling,etc.BackgroundinformationPresidentialMedalofFreedom总统自由勋章是美国最高荣誉的文职勋章，由美国总统一年一度颁发，与国会金质奖章并列为美国最高的平民荣誉。受奖者不一定是美国公民。该荣誉向在科学、文化、体育和社会活动等领域作出杰出贡献的平民颁发。最早于1945年由哈里·S·杜鲁门总统创立，以表彰在第二次世界大战中有杰出贡献的平民。1963年约翰·肯尼迪总统重新恢复该勋章，并扩充得奖对象，修改为授予在和平时期有杰出贡献的平民。SilentSpringwasnot,however,receivedpositivelybyeveryone.ThoughCarson’sresearchwasstrongandwassupportedbymostscientistswhoreviewedherwork,thebookquicklybecameatargetforcriticsinthepesticideindustry.TheysaidthatCarsondidnotunderstandthesciencebehindherargumentsbecauseshewasamarinebiologistratherthanachemist.Somealsosaidthatherworkwasmoreemotionalthanscientific.ThesewereattemptstodamageCarson’sreputationandstopherworkfrominfluencingpublicpolicy,butsheremaineddeterminedtostandbyherresearch.Carsonappearedinpublicandontelevisiontodefendherclaims–andtoday,morethan50yearsafteritwaspublished,thevoiceofSilentSpringisstillringingloudandclear.Commentsonthebook.1.Whatarethenegativevoices?TheysaidthatCarsondidnotunderstandthesciencebehindherarguments.Somealsosaidthatherworkwasmoreemotionalthanscientific.2.Facedwiththenegativevoices,whatdidCarsondo?Carsonappearedinpublicandontelevisiontodefendherclaims.ReadPara.5anddothefollowingexercises.3.WhodidCarsonmainlygetcriticismfrom?A.Mostscientists.B.Chemists.C.Marinebiologists.D.Pesticideindustrypeople.√Doyouagreethatfinancialprofitshouldcomeattheexpenseoftheenvironmentandthecreatureslivinginit?RachelCarson,writer,scientist,andecologist,

grewupsimplyintheruralrivertownofSpringdale,Pennsylvania.

RachelCarsonwroteonlyfourbooks,buteachoftheminsomemeasurechangedthewaywethoughtaboutourselvesandourworld.BackgroundinformationabouttheauthorRachelCarson.Personally,IenjoyCarson’sbook.Shemadeacrucialbutpotentiallydifficult-to-understandsubjectinterestingandaccessibletomillionsofpeople.Thisisnotsomuchbecauseofthequalityofherarguments,strongthoughtheyare,butbecauseofthebeautyandeleganceofherwriting.Herbooknotonlychangedtheworld;halfacenturylateritremainsabookthatdeservestoberereadtoday,sothatwecanonceagainfeelourselveswarmtothefireofitspassionatemessage.ForunlesswedolistentoRachelCarson’swarning,onedaywemaywakeuptothestrangeandquiethorrorofanothersilentspring.1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoCarson’sbook?A.Critical. B.Indifferent.C.Supportive. D.Unfavourable.2.WhydoestheauthorenjoyCarson’sbook?A.Herwarningisstrong.B.Herbookhaschangedtheworld.C.Herwritingisbeautifulandelegant.D.Shedescribesabeautifulsilentspring.√√ReadPara.6anddothefollowingexercises.1.What’sthegenre(体裁)ofthepassage?A.Bookreview.B.Narrativewriting.C.Expositorywriting.D.Argumentativewriting.2.WhywasSilentSpringsosuccessful?A.Becauseitcausedagreatincreaseinenvironmentalawareness.B.Becausethewriterwasveryfamous.C.Becauseitreflectedtherealism.D.Becausethebirdsdescribedwereverynice.√√Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.3.OrganizeinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotesaboutSilentSpring.SilentSpringAuthor:RachelCarsonYearofpublication:1._______________Purposes:•Carsonaimedtoalertpeopleto2._______________________________onnaturalecosystems.

•Shewishedtoseepesticidesusedina3.____________________________________________________way.Featuresofthebook:•Carsonwrotealotof4.______________________________________inthebook.•Theargumentsarestrongandthelanguageis5.__________________.Opposingvoices:•6.____________________saidthatCarson’sresearchisnotprecise.Carsonappearedinpublicandontelevisionto7._________________.Influenceofthebook:•8.______________wasbannedandtheEPAwasestablishedintheUS.

•Carsonearnedaposthumous9.____________________________.•Thebookchangedtheworldbyincreasingpeople’s10.___________________________.1962the

damaging

effectsof

human

activitymoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredscientificinformation,examplesandresearch

beautifulandelegantThepesticideindustrydefendherclaimsTheuseofDDTPresidentialMedalofFreedomenvironmentalawarenessEnjoyavideo.Post-readingStudents’ownanswers.1.Whatisthemorallessonbehind“AFableforTomorrow”?(Criticalthinking)Activity1

Discussion2.InwhatdifferentwaysdoFirstSnowandSilentSpringraisepeople’sawarenessofnature?Students’ownanswers.ForunlesswedolistentoRachelCarson’swarning,onedaywemaywakeuptothestrangeandquiethorrorofanothersilentspring.

Financialprofitshouldnotcomeattheexpenseof

theenvironmentandthecreatureslivinginit.RachelCarsonwasascientistbyprofession,butshepublishedherbookSilentSpringin1962.Byimagining1.____worldwithoutbirds,sheaimedtoalertpeopletothedamagingeffectsofhumanactivityonnaturalecosystems—2.____particular,totheharmfuluseofpesticides,suchasDDT.

Carsonurgedpeople3.________(make)themselvesawareofthefactsanddosomethingaboutthesituation.

Carson’smessagewasveryalarming,4.________(cause)agreatincreaseinenvironmental5.__________(aware).Itsimpactwasimmediateandfar-reaching.Therefore,Silent

Spring6.___________(regard)asamilestoneinthelaunchofthegreenmovementintheWesternworld.SilentSpringwasnot,however，received7.__________(positive)byeveryone.Thebookquicklybecameatargetforcriticsinthepesticideindustry.ButCarsonremained8.__________(determine)tostandbyherresearch.Personally,IenjoyCarson’sbook.Halfacenturylateritremainsabook9._________deservestoberereadtoday,sothatwecanonceagainfeelourselveswarmtothefireofits10.__________(passion)message.aintomakecausingawarenessActivity2

Summarywasregardeddeterminedthat/whichpassionatepositivelySentencesAnalysis1.Shebelievedthatthechemicalindustrywasknowinglycausingharmtoplants,animalsandevenhumans,andwishedtoseepesticidesusedinamoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredway.[句式分析]

此句为_______句。句子主语为_____，and连接并列的谓语________和______