Unit+5+The+Value+of+Money+单元知识点复习高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

B3U5.LanguagePoints

知识点Ⅱ.拓展单词1.______n.基础；根据；基点→_____n.根基；基底；底座；v.以…为据点→______adj.基本的；基础的basisbasebasic2._________vi.道歉；谢罪→________n.道歉；辩护；辩解apologiseapology3.________n.（书、戏剧或电影中的）叙述者；讲述者；（电视节目中的）幕后解说员→_________n.叙述；讲述；解说narratornarration4.____vi.&

vt.（船）航行；（人）乘船航行→_______n.帆船运动；（乘帆船的）航行sailsailing词性转换（导学案P126）5.________n.耐心；忍耐力；毅力→_______adj.有耐心的

n.病人→_________adj.没有耐心的→_________adv.耐心地patiencepatientimpatientpatiently6._________n.打算；计划；意图；目的→_______v.打算；计划；想要intentionintend7.__________adv.最后；终于→________adj.最后的；最终的eventuallyeventual8.__________adv.顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下→（反义词）________adv.在楼上；往楼上downstairsupstairs9.__________n.准许；许可；批准；许可证→_______vt.&

vi.允许；准许permissionpermit10.________adj.外部的；外面的；外来的→（反义词）________adj.内部的；里面的externalinternalv.+-ion→n.v.+-or→n.narrate→narration

叙述；

解说instruct→instruction

教学；教诲；说明devote→devotion

献身；奉献；热爱educate→education

教育；培养；训练narrate

→narrator

叙述者；讲述者act→actor

男演员invest→investor

投资者visit→visitor

来访者conduct→conductor

（合唱队等的）指挥；列车长构词规律1.____the

basis

of在某事的基础上；根据某事on2.___return作为回报；作为回应in3.___a

matter

of

fact事实上；其实；说真的as4.____accident偶然地；意外地by5.____duty值班；值勤on6.___that

case既然那样；假使那样的话in7.in

a...manner______________________________________以一种…的方式；带着一副…的样子短语背诵8.take

out

a

loan__________取得贷款9.make

a

bet________打个赌10.be

about

to

do

sth______________________即将或正要（做某事）11.to

be

honest__________________说实话；坦率地说12.to...extent__________________________到……程度；在……程度上13.ought

to____________应该；应当14.be

willing

to

do

sth__________________愿意或乐意做某事15.in

case________________以防；以防万一1.

basis

n.［C］

基础；根据

＊base

v.以……为依据on

the

basis

of

在某事的基础上；根据某事on

the

basis

that

基于on

a

daily/day-to-day/weekly/

regular

basis按每天/每日/每周一次/定期的标准be

based

on

以……为基础（导学案P128）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Don't

evaluate

a

person

on____basis

of

appearance.the（2）I

suggested

that

we

meet____a

regular

basis

to

discuss

the

progress.on（3）The

novel_________（base）

on

historical

facts.is

based2.

apologise

vi.道歉；谢罪

＊apology

n.道歉；歉意apologise

to

sb

for

（doing）

sth

因（做）某事而向某人道歉accept

sb's

apology

接受某人的道歉owe

sb

an

apology

应该向某人表示歉意make

an

apology

to

sb

for

（doing）

sth

因（做）某事而向某人道歉（导学案P129）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）I

must

apologize___you

for

coming

late.to（2）I

should

make

an

apology

to

him____what

I

said.for（3）He

accepted

the________（apologise）

with

great

generosity.apologyⅡ.一句多译他因自己的粗鲁行为而向她道歉。（4）_______________________________________.（apologise）He

apologised

to

her

for

his

rude

behavior.（5）_____________________________________________.（apology）He

made

an

apology

to

her

for

his

rude

behavior.3.

ignore

vt.忽视；不理睬

＊ignorant

adj.无知的；无学识的；愚昧的

＊ignorance

n.无知；愚昧ignorance

of/about

对……无知be

ignorant

of/about

sth

（对某事物）不了解的be

ignorant

that...

不知道……（导学案P129）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）It's

dangerous_________（ignore）

traffic

rules.to

ignore（2）I

am

quite

ignorant________what

they

intend

to

do.of/about（3）He

speaks

in

a

disordered

manner，which

betrays

his

shallowness

and__________（ignore）.ignoranceⅡ.单句写作（4）He

completely___________________（忽视所有的事实）

as

though

they

never

existed.ignored

all

the

facts（5）George_________________________（不理睬医生的劝告）

about

drinking

and

smoking.ignored

his

doctor's

advice（6）She___________________（总是感到被忽视）

by

her

friends，which

makes

her

upset.always

feels

ignored（7）He________________________（不了解音乐）.is

ignorant

of/about

music4.

judge

v.判断；评价；评判

n.法官；审判员；裁判员

＊judgement

n.判断；裁判；判决书；辨别力judge...by/from...

根据……判断as

far

as

I

can

judge

据我判断；我以为judging

by/from

从……上看；根据……判断当judging

from/by...置于句首作状语时，动词-ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。具有类似用法的单词或短语还有considering、generally

speaking、frankly

speaking等。（导学案P130）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Never

judge

a

book________its

cover.by/from（2）It

was

due

to

luck

rather

than__________（judge）

that

the

driver

succeeded

in

avoiding

the

accident.judgementⅡ.单句写作（3）It

is

only

shallow

people

who______________（根据……判断）

appearances.judge

by/from（4）___________________________（从他说的情况来看），they

ought

to

succeed.Judging

by/from

what

he

said5.

in

return

作为报答；作为回应；反过来；作为交换in

return

for

作为对……的回报；答谢in

turn

逐一；依次by

turns

轮流；交替；时而（导学案P130）融会应用

用return或turn的相关短语填空（1）He

gave

her

some

roses____________her

kindness.in

return

for（2）_________，

I

will

help

you

with

your

spoken

English.In

return（3）The

teacher

told

us

to

come

in_______.in

turn（4）The

shop

assistants

had

to

have

their

days

off_________.by

turns6.

scene

n.（戏剧或歌剧的）场；现场；场面；景色；风景on

the

scene

在现场come

on

the

scene

出现；到来；上场behind

the

scenes

在幕后；暗中（导学案P133）（戏剧）一场现场景色scene、view、scenery和sight的用法辨析：scene指局部的或周围的环境、风景、景色，尤其与观看者看法有关，也可指戏剧、电影、小说等场景、布景view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色sight既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，必须用复数融会应用

用scene、scenery、view、sight的适当形式填空

The______of

the

village

from

the

mountain

is

splendid.

As

we

approached

the

village，we

were

astonished

by

the________.It

was

completely

different

from

the______in

big

cities.

Seeing

the_______of

my

friends'

taking

photos

and

admiring

the

beautiful________happily，I

was

sure

that

this

trip

would

be

a

good

memory

forever.viewscenerysightsscenesscenery7.

bet

n.打赌；赌注

vi.

&

vt.下赌注；用…打赌

vt.敢说bet---bet---bet（导学案P133）make/have

a

bet

打赌make

a

bet

on

sth

with

sb

和某人就某事打赌have

a

bet

on...

在……上下赌注win/lose

a

bet

打赌赢/输了the/your

best

bet

最好的办法bet

on

sth

就某事打赌8.

spot

vt.看见；注意到；发现

n.地点；处所；斑点；污渍

spotted

adj.有斑点的；有小圆点的spot

sb

doing...

发现某人正在做……on

the

spot=on

the

scene

当场；在现场（导学案P134）spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如果缺少状语,则用where引导定语从句，从句如果缺少主语或宾语,则用that/which引导定语从句。融会应用

单句填空（1）He_______（spot）

his

old

friend

in

the

crowd

at

once

yesterday.spotted（2）He

spotted

his

friend_______（talk）with

someone

in

the

distance.talking（3）He

answered

the

question____the

spot.on（4）Climate

change

will

fuel

the

growth

of

phytoplankton

（浮游植物）

in

some

areas，while

reducing

it

in

other______（spot），leading

to

changes

in

the

ocean's

appearance.spots（5）The

spot_______________the

accident

happened

is

the

turning

point

of

the

road.where/on

which9.

dare

v.胆敢；敢于dare

to

do

sth

敢做某事dare

sb

to

do

sth

问某人敢不敢做某事；激某人做某事（1）dare用作实义动词时，有时态和人称的变化，用do、does或did来构成否定句或疑问句。（2）dare意为“敢”时，指“勇敢”，含有大胆、鲁莽、爱冒险，或因爱慕虚荣而甘冒生命或受惩罚的危险的意味，后面通常接动词不定式，有时可省略不定式符号to。一般不用于进行时。（3）dare用作情态动词时，它的一般过去式是dared，否定形式是dare

not。（导学案P134）融会应用

翻译句子（1）他不敢和她说话。____________________________________________________He

didn't

dare

to

speak

to

her./He

dared

not

speak

to

her.（2）她不敢看他。_______________________________________________________She

did

not

dare

to

look

at

him./She

dared

not

look

at

him.（3）她问他敢不敢跟着她跳水。______________________________She

dared

him

to

dive

after

her.（4）我看你敢不敢请她跳舞。_____________________________I

dare

you

to

ask

her

to

dance.10.patience

n.耐心；忍耐力；毅力

＊patient

adj.耐心的

n.病人have

patience

with

对……有耐心be/get

out

of

patience

with=lose

patience

with

对……失去耐心be

patient

with

对……有耐心融会应用

单句填空（1）He

is

just

a

small

child，so

you

must

be_______（patience）with

him.patient（2）Teachers

should

be_______（patience）in

explaining

texts.patient（3）—You

see，Bob

is

a

little

slow

in

understanding.—So

I

have

to

be

patient_____him.with（导学案P135）11.

indicate

vt.

&

vi.表明；显示vt.象征；暗示

indication

n.迹象；表示；标示indicate...to

sb

向某人指出；向某人表示indicate

that...示意；预示indicate

wh-从句

表明；指出indicate后不接双宾语，接sb前需加介词to，即indicate

sth

to

sb，不可说成indicate

sb

sth，有类似用法的还有explain。（导学案P135）融会应用

单句填空（1）There

are

a

lot

of

signs__________（indicate）

men

are

more

likely

to

have

heart

attacks

than

women.indicating（2）There

are

clear_________（indicate）that

the

economy

is

improving.indications（3）In

his

letter

he

indicated___us

that

he

was

willing

to

cooperate.to12.

postpone

vt.延迟；延期；延缓postpone

sth

推迟某事postpone

doing

sth

推迟做某事融会应用

单句填空（1）Henry

decided___________（postpone）

the

expedition

until

the

following

day.to

postpone（2）Let's

postpone________（make）

a

decision

until

we

have

more

information.making（导学案P136）13.

by

accident偶然地；意外地by

chance

偶然地；意外地by

design

有意地；故意地by

mistake

错误地on

purpose

故意地融会应用

单句写作（1）I

don't

know

whether

they

did

it_______________________.我不知道他们这样做是偶然地还是故意地。by

accident

or

by

design（2）I

took

your

bag

instead

of

mine___________.我没有拿我的包，

而是错拿了你的包。by

mistake（导学案P136）14.

to

be

honest

说实话；老实说be

honest

about

sth

对某事坦诚be

honest

with

sb

对某人坦诚其他常见的能作插入语的动词不定式短语还有to

be

brief“简单说；简言之”、to

be

exact“确切地说”、to

make

matters

worse“更糟糕的是”、to

conclude“最后”等。（导学案P136）15.

be

about

to

（do

sth）

即将或正要（做某事）（1）表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。The

new

school

year

is

about

to

begin.新学年即将开始。（2）在含有be

about

to

do的句子中，不能再加时间状语。医疗队就要出发了。The

medical

team

is

about

to

start

immediately.（×）The

medical

team

is

about

to

start.（√）（导学案P137）（3）be

doing...when...正在做……这时突然……

be

on

the

point

of

doing...when...正要做…这时（突然）…

beabouttodosthwhen...

正要做…这时（突然）…

had

just

done...when...刚做完…这时（突然）……when在这里是并列连词1.我们正在看电视，这时候妈妈进来了。

WewerewatchingTVwhenourmomcamein.2.她正要出去,电话铃响了。

Shewasonthepointofgoingoutwhenthetelephonerang.=Shewasabouttooutwhenthetelephonerang.3.我刚做完我的作业，这时突然有人敲门了。

Ihadjustfinishedmyhomeworkwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.表示“打算做某事”的短语还有be

going

to

do

sth、intend

to

do

sth、plan

to

do

sth、mean

to

do

sth、aim

to

do

sth等。融会应用

单句写作（1）The

train__________________and

I

was

not

even

on

the

platform.火车就快开了，可我还没到站台。was

about

to

leave（2）I______________________when

the

telephone

rang.我正要睡觉，电话响了。was

about

to

go

to

bed16.

find+宾语+宾语补足语（介词短语、形容词、名词和分词。）

“发现某人/某物……”find+sb/sth

doing

发现某人/物在做……（表示主动和正在进行）find

sb/sth

done

发现某人/物……（表示被动或状态）find+it+adj.+to

do

sth...

觉得做某事……find

oneself

in/at...

发觉自己在某处/处于……另外，后面常接复合宾语的动词有see、hear、watch、notice、have等。即：see/hear/watch/notice/have+宾+宾补（导学案P137）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）I

found

myself___________（surround）

by

a

group

of

children

full

of

curiosity.surrounded（2）Tom

found

himself_______（walk）in

the

direction

of

Mike's

house.walking（3）I

found

it

very___________（challenge）

to

collect

information

and

use

language

correctly.challengingⅡ.翻译句子（4）一回到家，他就发现房子被粉刷过了。___________________________________________________________________________________________On

his

arrival

at

home，he

found

the

house

painted./On

arriving

home，he

found

the

house

painted.17.

“it

was...that...”强调句型（1）强调句型的基本结构：It

is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。强调句型多用于强调句子的主语、宾语和状语。（2）强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was

it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分？（3）强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词（被强调部分）+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分？（4）not...until...结构的强调句型：It

is/was

not

until...that...。（导学案P138）融会应用

用强调句型强调下列句子中的画线部分（1）I

didn't

leave

until

he

came._________________________________It

was

not

until

he

came

that

I

left.（2）Whodoes

this

bag

belong

to？__________________________________Who

is

it

that

this

bag

belongs

to？（3）I

wonder

what

you

were

doing

at

this

time

yesterday.___________________________________________________________I

wonder

what

it

was

that

you

were

doing

at

this

time

yesterday.（4）He

came

to

see

us

yesterday._____________________________________It

was

yesterday

that

he

came

to

see

us.18.

pursue

vt.追求；致力于

pursuer

n.追求者；追捕者pursuit

n.追赶；追求；职业；工作

（导学案P140）pursue

a

goal/dream

追求目标/梦想pursue

a

thief

追小偷pursue

one's

own

end

追求自己的目标in

pursuit

of

追求in

hot

pursuit穷追不舍19.

hesitate

v.犹豫；踌躇；迟疑；顾虑

hesitation

n.

踌躇；犹豫hesitate

about/over

sth

对某事犹豫不决hesitate

to

do

sth

犹豫做某事don't

hesitate

to

do

sth

不要犹豫做某事without

hesitation

毫不犹豫地have

no

hesitation

in

doing

sth

毫不犹豫地做某事（导学案P140）融会应用

单句填空（1）She

hesitated_________（spend）

so

much

money

on

such

a

dress.to

spend（2）I

didn't

hesitate

for

a

moment__________taking

the

job.about/over（3）Harry

dived

into

the

river

and

saved

the

drowning

child

without

_________（hesitate）.hesitation（4）Since

then，I

have

not

hesitated______（be）

in

the

presence

of

others，especially

when

they

need

company.to

be（5）Please

have

no

hesitation___writing

to

me

if

you

want

me

to

do

something

for

you

in

China.in20.

in

case

以防；以防万一in

case

of

如果；假使in

any

case

无论如何；不管怎样in

no

case

在任何情形下决不（放在句首句子部分倒装）in

this/that

case

既然这样/那样；假若是这样/那样的话as

is

often

the

case

（with）

对……来说是常有的事（导学案P141）融会应用

单句填空（1）I'll

be

out

for

some

time.

In

case

anything

important________（happen），call

me

up

immediately.happens（2）____is

often

the

case，she

is

punctual.As（3）Today，we'll

discuss

a

number

of

cases_______beginners

of

English

fail

to

use

the

language

properly.where21.

option

n.可选择的事物；选择；选择权

optional

adj.可选择的；

选修的have

no

choice/option

but

to

do

sth

别无选择只得做某事（导学案P146）融会应用

单句写作（2）We__________________________________the

match.

除了放弃这场比赛，

我们没有别的选择。have

no

option/choice

but

to

give

up22.

permission

n.准许；许可；批准；许可证

＊permit

v.准许；允许

n.许可证with/without

one's

permission

获得某人同意/未经某人允许ask

for

permission

请求允许permit

sb

to

do

sth

允许某人做某事permit

doing

sth

允许做某事a

driving

permit

驾驶执照（导学案P147）动词permit的常见用法为permit

doing

sth

/sb

to

do

sth，与其用法类似的动词还有allow、forbid、advise等。allow

doing

sth/sb

to

do

sth

允许（某人）做某事forbid

doing

sth/sb

to

do

sth

禁止（某人）做某事advise

doing

sth/sb

to

do

sth

建议（某人）做某事融会应用

单句填空（1）The

party

will

be

held

in

the

garden，weather________（permit）.permitting（2）With

her

parents'__________（permit），she

j