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2021-2022学年湖南省永州市道县高一下学期3月考英语试卷ALeonardoDaVinciismostfamousforhispaintings,especiallytheMonaLisa.Thewomaninthepaintingisbest-knownforhermysterioussmile.Butwhowasshe?ExpertssayshewasLisadiAntonioMariadiNoldoGherardini,thethirdwifeofanobleman(贵族)fromFlorence.HeinvitedLeonardotopainttheportrait(肖像画).Leonardostartedtoworkonthispaintingin1503.Atthistime"MonaLisa"was24yearsold.Heworkedontheportraitforthenextfouryears.However,Leonardodidn'tsellthepainting;andwhenheleftFlorencein1507,hekeptitforhimself.Why?Severalbelieveitwasbecausehehadnevermanagedtofinishitontime,whileotherssayhehadfalleninlovewiththepainting.TheMonaLisaspentthenextfewhundredyearstravellingaroundtheworld.LeonardofinallysoldthepaintingtoKingFrancisⅠofFrance,whoputitinhiscastleatAmboise.AftertheFrenchrevolution,thepaintingendedupintheLouvre.Napoleontookitawayfromthereandhungitupinhisbedroom.WhenNapoleonwasdrivenaway,theMonaLisareturnedonceagaintotheLouvre.On21stAugust,1911,theMonaLisawasstolenbyanItalianthief,whotookthepaintingtoItaly.ItappearedtwoyearslaterinFlorenceandwastakenbacktotheLouvre.Anacid(酸)attackin1956damagedthelowerhalfofthepainting,andtherepairworktookseveralyears.Inthe60sand70s,theMonaLisawasonshowinNewYork,TokyoandMoscow.Todaythepaintingisbehindbullet-proofglassintheLouvreonceagain,andisnolongerallowedtotravel.Herjourneysareover.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMonaLisafromparagraphtwo?______A.LeonardoDaVincifinishedthepaintingwhenhewas24yearsold.B.LeonardoDaVincikeptthepaintingforhimselfduetohisloveforit.C.ItwasprobablyaportraitoftheyoungwifeofanoblemanfromFlorence.D.AyoungwomanfromFlorenceaskedLeonardoDaVincitodrawthepainting.WhathappenedtotheMonaLisaafterLeonardofinallysoldit?______A.ItwassenttotheLouvreimmediatelyafterthat.B.Anacidattacktookpeopletwoyearstorepairit.C.NapoleononcetookitfromtheLouvreforhimself.D.Ithasbeenonshowaroundtheworldsincethe1960s.Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom______.A.amagazine B.anewsreportC.atravelbrochure D.asciencebookBWhenIwasinschool,Iparticipatedinaninternship(实习期)withahospitalchaplain(牧师).Thislargelyincludedmevisitingcertainhospitalpatientsandthendiscussingthecommunicationwiththechaplain.Ihadnospecialtraininginthis,andintroducingmyselftostrangerswasnotmynaturaltalent.Ononevisit,Icautiouslyenteredadarkenedroomtofindanelderlymanlyinglonelyinthebed.Hewasawake,butveryweak,confusedandanxious.Hebadlywantedtocommunicatesomething,butIcouldn'tunderstandwhathewassaying.Heobviouslydidn'twantmetoleave,butIfeltsolostanduncomfortablethatIhadtoleavetheroomafteronlyseveralminutes.ThenexttimeIwasatthehospital,Iwasarrangedtomakefollow-upvisitswiththesamelistofpatients.Iexpectedmytimewiththeoldmantobejustasshortasthelasttime.AsIarrivedattheroom,thefirstthingInoticedwasthatthelightswereon.Hisdaughterwastherevisitinghim.Hewassittinginthebedandlookedmuchbetter.Iwascertainthemandidn'tremembermeatall,butherecognizedmeimmediately,saying,"Irememberyou.Youweretheangelthatgavemehopeinmydarkesthour!"IwassoamazedthatIdidn'tknowhowtorespond.Imayneverbeabletoexplainit,butsomehowhefoundinmesomethingheneededatanimportantpointinhislife,justbecauseIwasthere.Ihavethoughtaboutthisencounter(相遇)oftenoverthepast25years.IthasshapedthewayIseelife,thewayIseemyself,andthewayIseeothers.Obviously,wecan'tknowtheeffectouractions,orevenjustourpresence,willhaveonlife.Whydidthewriterleavetheelderlymansoononthefirstvisit?______A.Theyhadashortandboringconversation.B.Theelderlymanwantedtostaybyhimself.C.Thewriterwasfrightenedbytheelderlyman.D.Thewriterdidn'tknowwhathecoulddotohelp.Whathappenedonthewriter'ssecondvisittotheelderlyman?______A.Theelderlyman'sconditionturnedmuchbetter.B.Theelderlymancouldhardlyrememberthewriter.C.Thewriterplannedtocommunicatemoredeeplywiththeelderlyman.D.Thewriterwasn'tsurprisedabeingcalledanangelbytheelderlyman.Theelderlymanregardedthewriterashisangelmostprobablybecause______.A.hewasencouragedbythewriter'swordsB.thewriter'ssecondvisitmovedhimdeeplyC.hewasimpressedbythewriter'sfriendlinessD.thewriter'sfirstvisitgavehimmuchstrengthWhatisthebesttitleforthepassage?______A.GettingaNewTalentB.AnAngelbyAccident.C.SavingaLonelyOldMan.D.CommunicationMakesLifeBetter.CThecommonuseofGoogleMaps,anavigation(导航)apponsmartphones,raisestheage-oldquestionwemeetwithanytechnology:Whatskillsarewelosing?Butalso,importantly:Whatabilitiesarewegetting?Peoplewhoaregoodatfindingtheirwayaroundorgoodatusingpapermapsareusuallyconfusedaboutdigital(数字的)maps.Forexample,theymaymessupthedirectionofnorthandsouth.Butconsiderwhatdigitalnavigationappshavemeantforsomeonelikeme.AlthoughItraveloften,I'msoterribleatfindingmywaythatIstilluseGoogleMapsalmosteverydaywhereIhavelivedformanyyears.Whatseemsunnecessarytosomehasbeenanimportantpartofmyownabilities.Partoftheproblemisthatreadingpapermapsrequiresaspecialskillset.Thereisnothingnaturalaboutthem.Inmanydevelopednations,streetnamesandhousenumbersaremeaningful,andinstructionssuchas"gonorthforthreeblocksandthenwest"areusuallyunderstandable.InIstanbul,however,whereIgrewup,noneofthoseholdtrue.Foronething,thelocalshardlyusestreetnames,andhousenumbersoftenaren'tsequential.Afterbuildings1,2and3werebuilt,someonemightputinanotherhousebetween1and2,andthat's4.Therefore,instructionsassimpleas"gonorth"wouldrequireahelicopter.Igotlostallthetime.ButsinceIusedGoogleMaps,Itravelwithalotmoreconfidence.Asaresult,myworldhasopenedupandmynativenavigationskillshaveimproved,too.Thatbringsmebacktomyquestion:whileweoftenlosesomeskillsafterseekingconveniencefromtechnology,thisnewsetupmayalsoallowustogainmoreabilitiesanddosomethingmoreconfidently.Maybewhentechnologyclosesadoor,weshouldalsolookforthedoorsitopens.WhatdoweknowaboutGoogleMapsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?______A.Itconfusesuserslikethewriter.B.Ithelpspeoplereadmapsbetter.C.Itisatechnologywelcomedbyall.D.Itispopularbutbringsdoubtsaswell.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"sequential"inParagraph3?______A.Inausualorder. B.Easilynoticed.C.Ofthesamekind. D.Clearlywritten.What'sthewriter'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?______A.TointroducetheuseofGoogleMaps.B.TosharehisopinionsonGoogleMaps.C.ToshowtheinfluenceofGoogleMaps.D.TotellthegreatpopularityofGoogleMaps.Ifyouareanewpersoninanewschool,itisnormaltofeelshy.However,itisunusualtostayshythewholeyearandfailtomakeanynewfriends.(1)Assoonasyouhitthegateofyournewschool,trytoappeareasytogetalongwithbysmilingnaturally.(2)Itcangreatlyaffectyourpersonalcharm,makingyouappearfriendlyandeasy-going.Walktallandsmileatanyonewholooksdirectlyintoyoureyes.Ifsomeonechatswithyouunexpectedly,donotlookawaybutlookathimintheeyeanddon'tforgettosmile.(3)Observe(观察)yourclassmatesandtryintroducingyourself.Ifyouaretooshy,youcanstartwithalittlejokeorsmalltalktobreaktheice.Agoodice-breakeristofindanitem,suchasanotebook,thatyourclassmatehas.Thiswillleadtoadeeperconversationthatmaycontinueontoothermatterslikeagoodintroductionandevenasociallunchwithanewfriend.Anothereasywaytomakenewfriendsisbyjoiningschoolclubsandorganizationsthatthecampusoffers.(4).Gradually,youwillbeattendingmeetingsandpartiesthattheclubororganizationwillbeholdingregularly.Eventually,youwillfitinandtallyletgooftheshynessyoufeltonyourfirstday.Saygoodbyetoshynessinanewschoolbyfollowingtheseverygreatskills.(5)Ifyoucontinuetositalonemindingyourownbusiness,thenyoumightmissoutonsomeofthemostvaluablefriendshipsinyourwholelife.A.Theyareallworththeeffort.B.Itwillbringyouhappinessandpower.C.Agoodandhonestsmilecanmakeadifference.D.Youwillbecomethemostpopularpersoninschool.E.Theywillbetheonestoopenupchancesfornewcommunication.F.Theclassroomisanothergoodplacetomakefriendsinanewcampus.G.Hereareseveralskillsthathelpyouovercomeshynessandbuildnewfriendships.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GJanuary15,2016,wasnodifferent.ThemedicinethatItookformyarthritis(关节炎)causedmeto(16)upatmidnightwithadrymouth.Iwaswalkingbackupstairstomyroomafterdrinkingsomewater,whenIheardmybulldog,Rock.Itmademuch(17),asiftotellme,"We'vegottogoback."Iturnedaroundandfounditwas(18)downthere,butIdidn'trememberleavingalighton.Walkingdownstairsagain,Isawfire!I(19)shoutedtomywifetowakeupandgetourthreekids,Itookaknifeandcutouttheplasticthatcoveredthewindowtotheroof(屋顶).ThenImanagedto(20)thewindowandgoteverybodyoutontheroof.Itwas(21)outthere!ItwasJanuary,butwejusthadourpajamas(睡衣)on.Istarted(22)forhelp.Buthelp(23)came.Iwas(24)heights,butIcouldn'tleavemyfamily(25).SowithoutasecondthoughtI(26)offtheroofandfoundourladder(梯子).Iplacedit(27)thewallofthehouse,and(28)backuptotheroof.Innotime,Iheldmydaughterinmyarmsandcarriedmynine-month-oldbabyonlywithmy(29),byhislittlepajamas.ThenIclimbeddownthe(30).Onceontheground,Iputthemdownandwentbackuptotherooftogetmyotherdaughterandthenmywife.Itriedtogetmy(31),butsadlyhejust(32)intheblacksmoke.IneversawRockaliveagain.I'mnota(33),butjustanordinarypersonwhotriedtoprotecthisownfamilyfromthe(34).AndRockwillliveinourmemoryforever.Withouthis(35),Iwouldn'thavenoticedthedanger.
A.warm B.wake C.cheer D.dress
A.noise B.mess C.trouble D.damage
A.frightening B.wild C.normal D.bright
A.finally B.gradually C.immediately D.simply
A.shut B.clean C.tap D.open
A.cold B.dry C.comfortable D.wet
A.requiring B.rushing C.crying D.moving
A.slowly B.always C.really D.never
A.confidentabout B.scaredofC.excitedat D.puzzledover
A.trapped B.confused C.cheated D.annoyed
A.fell B.jumped C.kept D.stepped
A.on B.against C.beside D.in
A.walked B.kicked C.swung D.climbed
A.legs B.arms C.teeth D.back
A.ladder B.stairs C.window D.room
A.dog B.neighbor C.son D.baby
A.stood B.hid C.watched D.disappeared
A.champion B.hero C.master D.star
A.dark B.height C.fire D.smoke
A.contacting B.leaving C.warning D.waitingThissummerhasbeenfullofunforgettable(1)(moment).Amongthem,SuBingtian,a31-year-oldrunner,set(2)newAsianrecordof9.83secondsattheTokyoOlympicssemifinals(半决赛)onAug1.Althoughhefinishedsixthinthefinalwithatimeof9.98seconds,hestillmadeahistory."(3)(actual),I'mveryhappytorununder10secondstwiceinsuchashorttime",Susaidaftertherace."Makingitintothefinals,IhavealreadygivenallIhave."Known(4)"Chineseflyingman",Suhasbeenworkinghard(5)(achieve)hisdream.In2015,SubecamethefirstChinesetorun100minlessthan10seconds.Afterthat,Sucompetedinmanyinternationaleventsandwonanumberofmedals.Sadly,atthesametime,hesufferedgreatlyfromhis(6)(injure)andhisdeterminationtogoonrunningwastested.Heeven(7)(plan)toleavethefieldin2017,(8)thewishtoruninthe100mfinalintheOlympicsbroughthimbackonthefield.NowinhisthirdOlympics,his(9)(amaze)performancehasexcitedpeoplebothathomeandabroad.SuBingtianisreallyalivinglegend(10)successwillsurelyencouragemoreyoungplayersintheirsportingcareer(事业).(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)Shedidn'tknowmuchabouttheplanbutshe______(假装)to.Theexpertsareworkinghardtofinda______(解决办法)totheproblem.Therewasa(n)______(令人尴尬的)silencewhennooneknewwhattosay.EllisIslandhasbecomeoneofAmerica'smostpopulartourist______(目的地).Freshmenwillfacemany______(挑战),suchaswhichcoursestotakeandhowtomakenewfriends.Putonghuaistheo______languageofChina,andit'swinningincreasingpopularityaroundtheworld.Av______referstoapersonwhodoesajobwithoutbeingpaidforit.Aftertheboyg______fromhighschool,hecontinuedhisstudyinZhejiangUniversity.Asacuriousteenager,Ilookforwardtoe______theuniverse(宇宙)anddiscoveringitstruths.Headmitsthatrecentlyhehasbecomea______toplayingonlinegames,andthereforehisgradeshavedroppedgreatly.外面这么吵以至于我现在无法专心听讲座了。(concentrate)______昨天,医生建议他要经常运动以保持健康。(recommend)______正是Jordan的篮球技能和精神力量使得他与众不同。(强调句)______和老师交谈了之后,Adam决定申请一门合适的课程。(apply)______根据日程安排,政府将于下周五为运动员举办一场欢迎派对。(现在进行时表将来)______假如你是李华,打算寒假和家人去北京旅行,你的新西兰笔友Richard对此很感兴趣,来信询问旅行计划,请你给他回一封信,介绍你的旅行安排。内容如下:1.交通方式;2.行程安排;3.邀请同行。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】C【小题3】A【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话"ExpertssayshewasLisadiAntonioMariadiNoldoGherardini,thethirdwifeofanobleman(贵族)fromFlorence."(专家称她是利萨迪安东尼奥玛丽亚迪诺尔多格拉迪尼,一位贵族的第三任妻子来自佛罗伦萨。)可知,这可能是一位来自佛罗伦萨的贵族的年轻妻子的肖像。故选C。(2)C.细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句话"AftertheFrenchrevolution,thepaintingendedupintheLouvre.Napoleontookitawayfrom
thereandhungitupinhisbedroom."(法国大革命后,这幅画最终在卢浮宫展出。拿破仑把它从那里拿走,挂在卧室里。)可知,它被拿破仑从卢浮宫拿到了自己的家里。故选C。(3)A.推理判断题。文章主要介绍了莱昂纳多达•芬奇最著名的作品《蒙娜丽莎》,它的创作的过程,以及它在法国大革命期间几经流转,最后回到卢浮宫。现在,它已经不被允许带出卢浮宫进行巡展了。可知这篇文章可能出自一本杂志。故选A。这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了莱昂纳多达•芬奇最著名的作品《蒙娜丽莎》,它的创作的过程,以及它在法国大革命期间几经流转,最后回到卢浮宫。现在,它已经不被允许带出卢浮宫进行巡展了。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。同时也要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。4.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】B【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Hebadlywantedtocommunicatesomething,butIcouldn'tunderstandwhathewassaying.Heobviouslydidn'twantmetoleave,butIfeltsolostanduncomfortablethatIhadtoleavetheroomafteronlyseveralminutes."(他很想说点什么,但我听不懂他在说什么。他显然不想让我离开,但我感到非常失落和不舒服,几分钟后就离开了。")可知作者不知道该如何和老人交流,不知道该怎样帮助他。故选D项。(2)A.细节理解题。根据第三段"Hewassittinginthebedandlookedmuchbetter."(他坐在床上,看上去好多了。)可知第二次作者来看望老人的时候,老人的状态好多了。故选A项。(3)D.推理判断题。根据文章第三段Iwascertainthemandidn'tremembermeatall,butherecognizedmeimmediately,saying,"Irememberyou.Youweretheangelthatgavemehopeinmydarkesthour!"(我确信老人根本不记得我了,但他立刻认出了我,说:"我记得你。"你是在我最黑暗的时刻给我希望的天使!")可知老人认为作者的第一次看望给了老人力量和安慰,让他度过那段难熬的时光。故选D项。(4)B.标题归纳题。根据文章第二段"Ononevisit,Icautiouslyenteredadarkenedroomtofindanelderlymanlyinglonelyinthebed."(有一次,我小心翼翼地走进一间黑暗的房间,发现一位老人孤独地躺在床上。),可知作者时随机进入了一间病房;第二段"Heobviouslydidn'twantmetoleave,butIfeltsolostanduncomfortablethatIhadtoleavetheroomafteronlyseveralminutes."(他显然不想让我离开,但我感到非常失落和不舒服,几分钟后就离开了。)以及第三段"IwassoamazedthatIdidn'tknowhowtorespond."(我惊讶得不知该如何回答。")和最后一段"Obviously,wecan'tknowtheeffectouractions,orevenjustourpresence,willhaveonlife."(显然,我们无法知道我们的行为,甚至只是我们的存在,会对生活产生什么影响。)可知作者对自己与老人当初的交流给老人带来的安慰和力量是作者自己都没有意识到的。对于老人来说,作者就像一位天使,故选B项。这是一篇记叙文。作者在去医院实习期间遇到一位老人,起初自己并不想和老人交流太多,很快就离开。但是,再一次见面时,老人却告诉作者当初的几句交流给了他很多的安慰。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。8.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】B【解析】(1)D.推理判断题。根据第一、二段The
common
use
of
Maps,a
navigation(导航)app
on
smartphones,raises
the
age-old
question
we
meet
with
any
technology:What
skills
are
we
losing?But
also,importantly:What
abilities
are
we
getting?(智能手机上的导航应用谷歌Maps的普遍使用,提出了我们在使用任何技术时都会遇到的一个古老问题:我们正在丧失哪些技能?但同样重要的是:我们得到了什么能力?)People
who
are
good
at
finding
their
way
around
or
good
at
using
paper
maps
are
usually
confused
about
digital(数字的)maps.(擅长找路或擅长使用纸质地图的人通常会对电子地图感到困惑。)可知谷歌地图很受欢迎,但也带来了质疑。结合选项,故选D。(2)A.词句猜测题。根据后文"becauseafterbuildings1,2and3werebuilt,someonesqueezedinanotherhousebetween1and2,andnowthat's4.(因为在1、2和3号楼建成后,有人挤在1和2之间的另一个房子里,现在是4号。)"可知,房屋编号不按顺序。所以sequential为"顺序的"之意。故选A。(3)B.目的意图题。通读全文内容可知文章介绍了谷歌地图给我们带来的便利并肯定了它的价值。由此可知作者的写作目的是分享他对谷歌地图的看法。结合选项,故选B。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌地图给我们带来的便利并肯定了它的价值。考查科教类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文,把握大意,然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。11.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】C【小题3】F【小题4】E【小题5】A【解析】(1)G.细节理解题。分析文章结构可知,文章第一段提出观点,接下来第二,三,四段每段是一条关于如何克服害羞,交朋友的建议,最后一段进行总结。所以根据上文"As
soon
as
you
hit
the
gate
of
your
new
school,try
to
appear
easy
to
get
along
with
by
smiling
naturally."(一旦你到了新学校的门口,试着表现得很容易相处,自然地微笑。)第三段"Observe(观察)your
classmates
and
try
introducing
yourself."(观察你的同学,并且试着介绍自己。)第四段"Another
easy
way
to
make
new
friends
is
by
joining
school
clubs
and
organizations
that
the
campus
offers."(交朋友的另一个简单的方法就是参加学校俱乐部以及学校提供的一些组织。)和最后一段第一句话"Say
goodbye
to
shyness
in
a
new
school
by
following
these
very
great
skills.(在新学校按照这些很好的技巧去做,你不会再害羞。)可知,文章是总分总结构,二,三,四段每段是一条关于克服害羞
,交朋友的建议,所以空处应该是总领下文,G选项"Here
are
several
skills
that
help
you
overcome
shyness
and
build
new
friendships."(这里有几个技巧可以帮助你克服害羞,建立新的友谊。)符合,故选G。(2)C.推理判断题。根据上文"As
soon
as
you
hit
the
gate
of
your
new
school,try
to
appear
easy
to
get
along
with
by
smiling
naturally."(一旦你到了新学校的门口,试着表现得很容易相处,自然地微笑。)和下文"It
can
greatly
affect
your
personal
charm,making
you
appear
friendly
and
easy-going.Walk
tall
and
smile
at
anyone
who
looks
directly
into
your
eyes.If
someone
chats
with
you
unexpectedly,do
not
look
away
but
look
at
him
in
the
eye
and
don't
forget
to
smile."(这会极大地影响你的个人魅力,让你显得友好随和。昂首阔步,对任何直视你眼睛的人微笑。如果有人突然和你聊天,不要看别处,而是看着他的眼睛,不要忘记微笑。)可知,此段主要讲要对人微笑,这会使人觉得你好相处,进而交到新朋友。空处应该是承上启下,C选项"A
good
and
honest
smile
can
make
a
difference.(一个真诚友好的微笑可以改变一切。
)符合,既对上文做出具体说明,同时引起下文,下文更进一步地解释了微笑的好处,故选C。(3)F.细节理解题。由下文"Observe(观察)your
classmates
and
try
introducing
yourself.If
you
are
too
shy,you
can
start
with
a
little
joke
or
small
talk
to
break
the
ice.A
good
ice-breaker
is
to
find
an
item,such
as
a
notebook,that
your
classmate
has.This
will
lead
to
a
deeper
conversation
that
may
continue
on
to
other
matters
like
a
good
introduction
and
even
a
social
lunch
with
a
new
friend."(观察你的同学,试着介绍你自己。如果你太害羞,你可以开个小玩笑或者闲聊来打破僵局。打破僵局的好方法就是找到你同学的一件东西,比如一本笔记本。这将引发更深层次的对话,可能会继续讨论其他事情,比如一次良好的介绍,甚至是与新朋友的社交午餐。)可知,本段主要讲的是如何与同班同学交朋友,空处应该是引起下文,F选项"The
classroom
is
another
good
place
to
make
friends
in
a
new
campus."(在新的校园里,教室是另一个交朋友的好地方。)符合,该项主要介绍了教室是交朋友的好地方,下文是对F选项的具体说明,故选F。(4)E.细节理解题。由上文"Another
easy
way
to
make
new
friends
is
by
joining
school
clubs
and
organizations
that
the
campus
offers."(交朋友的另一个简单的方法是参加学校俱乐部以及学校提供的一些组织。)可知,参加学校俱乐部以及学校提供的一些组织也是交朋友的方法,空处应该具体介绍参加俱乐部和组织如何帮助你交朋友,E选项"They
will
be
the
ones
to
open
up
chances
for
new
communication."(它们将为新的沟通开辟机会。)符合,承接上文,其中they(它们)代指
上文提到的"school
clubs
and
organizations
that
the
campusoffers"(学校俱乐部以及学校提供的一些组织),故选E。(5)A.细节理解题。由上文"Say
goodbye
to
shyness
in
a
new
school
by
following
these
very
great
skills."(在新学校按照这些很好的技巧去做,你不会再害羞。)可知,此句是对前面二,三,四段的总结,建议我们要按照上面的建议去做,空处应该是对此句做出进一步说明,A选项"They
are
all
worth
the
efrt."(它们值得你付出努力。)符合,承接上文,其中,they代指上文的"these
very
great
skill(这些技巧),故选A。这篇文章主要就如何在新学校里克服害羞,交到新朋友提供了几条建议。关于七选五的做题步骤:步骤一:快速浏览一遍七个备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:标题,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五:区分相似项。16.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】C【小题5】D【小题6】A【小题7】C【小题8】D【小题9】B【小题10】A【小题11】B【小题12】B【小题13】D【小题14】C【小题15】A【小题16】A【小题17】D【小题18】B【小题19】C【小题20】C【解析】(1)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.warm温暖;B.wake醒来;C.cheer使....
.振奋;D.dress给.
..衣服。句意:服用治疗关节炎的药导致我半夜口干醒来。根据下文"with
a
dry
mouth"推知,此处是指作者因半夜口渴而醒来。故选B。(2)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.noise噪音;B.mess一团糟;C.trouble麻烦;D.damage损坏,损失。句意:它不停地叫,好像对我说:"我们得回去。"根据前文"when
I
heard
my
bulldog,Bock."可知,此处是指狗叫的声音。故选A。(3)D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.frightening令人害怕的;B.wild野生的,狂野的;C.normal正常的;D.bright明亮的。句意:我转过身,发现下面很亮,但我不记得有灯开着。根据下文"Walking
downstars
again,I
saw
fre!"可知,楼下因为火光而很亮。故选D。(4)C.考查副词及语境理解。A.finally最后;B.gradually逐渐;C.immediately立即;D.simply简单地,仅仅。句意:我立即大叫让妻子起来,然后去叫三个孩子。结合常识和前文"Walking
downstairs
again,I
saw
fire!"可知,发生火灾时应立即采取行动。故选C。(5)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.shut关闭;B.clean打扫:C.tap轻拍;D.open打开。句意:然后我设法打开窗,让所有人来到屋顶。根据下文"got
everybody
out
on
the
roof."可知,作者打开屋项的天窗,准备让家人从那里出去。故选D。(6)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cold寒冷的;B.dry干燥的;C.comfortable舒适的:D.wet湿的。句意:外面很冷。根据下文"It
wasJanuary"推知,天气应该还比较冷。故选A。(7)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.requring要求;B.rushing奔跑;C.crying哭,大叫;D.moving感动,搬动,移动。句意:我开始大声呼救。结合常识可知,发生火灾时会大声呼救,cry
for
help"呼救"。故选C。(8)D.考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly慢地;B.always总是;C.really真正地;D.never绝不,没有。句意:但是救援没有来。结合上文for
help提到大声呼救和此处的but可知,最终救援没有来。故选D。(9)B.考查形容词短语及语境理解。A.confident
about对……有信心;B.scared
of害怕;C.excited
at对...
.感到兴奋;D.puzzledover对.....
.困惑。句意:我恐高,但是我不能让家人受困。根据上文for
help作者大声呼救和下文"but
I
couln't
leave
my
family(10)"推知,作者恐高,但即便是这样也要救家人。故选B。(10)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.tapped困住的;B.confused困惑的;C.cheated被欺骗的;D.annoyed生气的,恼怒的。句意:我恐高,但是我不能让家人受困。结合上文I
saw
fire!提到作者家里发生火灾推知,作者觉得不能因为自己恐高而让家人被困在燃烧的房子里。故A。(11)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.fell落下;B.jumped跳;C.kept保持,养;D.stepped踏。句意:因此,没有多想,我跳下房顶,找到我们的梯子。根据下文"found
our
ladder"可知作者跳下房项找来了梯子。故选B。(12)B.考查介词及语境理解。A.on在……之上;B.against反对,靠着;C.beside在……旁边;D.in在……里面。句意:我把它靠墙放着,然后又爬回屋顶。结合常识可知,梯子要靠墙放才稳。故选B。(13)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.walked步行;B.kicked踢;C.swung摇摆;D.climbed攀爬。句意:我把它靠墙放着,然后又爬回屋顶。根据前文"off
the
roof
and
found
our
ladder"可知,之前从房顶跳下来,现在需要爬上去。故选D。(14)C.考查名词及语境理解。A
legs腿;B.arms手臂;C.teeth牙齿;D.back背。句意:我立刻把女儿抱起来,然后通过睡衣用牙齿叼着九个月大的男婴。根据上文"I
held
my
daughter
in
my
arms"和下文"by
his
little
pajamas."可知,作者的手已经占满,所以只能用牙叼着小儿子的衣服,通过这种方式把他运出房顶。故选C。(15)A.考直名词及语境理解。A.ladder梯子;B.stairs楼梯;C.window窗户;D.room房间,空间。句意:然后我爬下梯子。根据前文andfound
our
ladder.I
placed
it(12)the
wall
of
the
house"可知,作者顺着放在屋外墙边的梯子往下爬,这样就到了屋外安全的地方。故选A。(16)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.dog狗;B.neigbor邻居;C.son儿子;D.baby婴儿。句意:我试图去救我的狗,但是令人悲伤的是它消失在了浓烟中。根据"下文I
never
saw
Rock
alive
again."可知,救完家人后,作者想到应该救自己的狗了。故选A。(17)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.stood站立,忍受;B.hid隐藏;C.watched观察;D.disppeared消失。句意:我试图去救我的狗,但是令人悲伤的是它消失在了浓烟中。根据下文"I
never
saw
Rock
alive
again."可知,作者的狗死了,即消失了。故选D。(18)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.champion冠军;B.hero英雄;C.master主人,硕士;D
star星星,明星。句意:我不是-个英雄,只是一个努力保护家人免受火灾的普通人。根据下文"but
just
an
ordinary
person"可知,作者认为自己不是英雄。故选B。(19)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.dark黑暗,暗处;B.height高度;C.fire火;D.smoke烟。句意:我不是一个英雄,只是一个努力保护家人免受火灾的普通人。呼应上文"Walking
downstairs
again,I
saw
fire!"此处指保护家人免受火灾影响。故选C。(20)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.contacting联系;B.leaving离开;C.warming警告;D.waiting等待。句意:没有它的警告,我不会注意到危险。根据上文"It
made
much(2),as
if
to
tell
me,
"We've
got
to
go
back."可知,作者的狗Bock通过大叫提醒他发生了火灾。故选C。这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述在一个寒冷的夜晚,作者在狗狗Bock的提醒下发现火灾,迅速采取行动,克服自己恐高的心理成功救出家人,但失去了Bock的故事。完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时,要先通读全文,掌握大意,然后结合选项,仔细阅读文章,选择最适合语境的词,注意上下文的呼应及语境。36.【答案】【小题1】moments【小题2】a【小题3】Actually【小题4】as【小题5】to
achieve【小题6】injury/injuries【小题7】planed【小题8】but【小题9】amazing【小题10】whose【解析】(1)moments.考查名词复数。句意:这个夏天充满了难忘的时刻。moment是可数名词,零冠词可数名词复数表泛指,故用其复数形式作介词宾语。故填moments。(2)a.考查冠词。句意:其中,31岁的赛跑选手苏炳添在东京奥运会半决赛中以9.83秒的成绩创造了新的亚洲纪录。根据句意可知,可数名词短语newAsianrecord为泛指概念,应用不定冠词限定。因连接的单词new发音以辅音开头。故填a。(3)Actually.考查副词。句意:事实上,我很高兴能在这么短的时间内两次跑到10秒以下。句子副词actually用于补充新信息,做状语,说明个人观点或开始新对话。句首字母大写,故填Actually。(4)as.考查介词。句意:苏被誉为"中国飞人",他一直在努力实现自己的梦想。介词as"作为"符合句意,(be)knownas"被称为;被誉为"是固定搭配。故填as。
(5)toachieve.考查不定式。句意:苏被誉为"中国飞人",他一直在努力实现自己的梦想。根据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作状语,表目的。故填toachieve。(6)injury/injuries.考查名词。句意:不幸的是,与此同时,他也深受伤病的折磨,他继续跑步的决心也受到了考验。根据前文fromhis可知,此处应用injure的名词injury作介词宾语。injury"(对躯体的)伤害,损伤"既是可数名词也是不可数名词,根据句意,可用单数形式或复数形式。故填injury/injuries。(7)planned.考查动词时态。句意:他甚至计划在2017年离开赛场,但参加奥运会100米决赛的愿望让他回到了赛场。根据时间状语in2017可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填planned。
(8)but.考查连词。句意:他甚至计划在2017年离开赛场,但参加奥运会100米决赛的愿望让他回到了赛场。后文thewishtoruninthe100
mfinalintheOlympicsbroughthimbackonthefield和前文之间存在转折关系,应用连词but连接。故填but。
(9)amazing.考查形容词。句意:现在是他第三次参加奥运会,他惊人的表现让国内外的人们兴奋不已。根据后文名词performance可知,此处应用amaze的以ing结尾的形容词作定语修饰事物。故填amazing。(10)whose.考查定语从句。句意:苏炳添确实是一个活着的传奇,他的成功肯定会激励更多的年轻运动员在他们的运动生涯中。分析可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为SuBingtian,关系代词whose引导从句,在从句作定语修饰名词success,意为"他的"。故填whose。这是一篇记叙文。介绍了31岁的赛跑选手苏炳添的运动生涯和竞赛故事。语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力,在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,在读懂短文的基础上,结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空,离不开坚实的语法知识,有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断,从而答对题目。37.【答案】pretended【解析】动词pretend表示"假装",结合句意和didn't可知,此处用一般过去时。故填:pretended。她对这个计划知之甚少,但她假装知道。做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。38.【答案】solution【解析】分析句子可知,此处作动词find的宾语,且空前有a,故用名词的单数形式solution表示"解决办法"作宾语。故填:solution。专家们正在努力寻找解决这个问题的办法。做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。39.【答案】awkward【解析】分析句子可知,此处修饰名词silence,故用形容词awkward表示"令人尴尬的"作定语修饰名词。故填:awkward。当没有人知道该说什么时,出现了尴尬的沉默。做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。40.【答案】destinations【解析】答案:destinations.名词destination表示"目的地";oneof后跟可数名词的复数形式,故此处用名词的复数形式。故答案为destinations。埃利斯岛已成为美国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。对于这种题型,要分析句子意思,再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。41.【答案】challenges【解析】分析句子可知,此处作动词face的宾语,且空前有many,故用名词的复数形式challenges表示"挑战"作宾语。故填:challenges。新生们将面临许多挑战,比如选择哪些课程以及如何结交新朋友。做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。42.【答案】fficial【解析】根据句意,普通话是中国的官方语言,官方语言结合应是"officiallanguage"。故填:official。普通话是中国的官方语言,在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。43.【答案】olunteer【解析】答案:volunteer.由下文的withoutbeingpaidforit 可知指的是"志愿者",冠词A后使用名词的单数形式。故答案为:volunteer.志愿者指的是做一份没有报酬的工作的人。对于根据首字母填空这种题,要分析句子意思,再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。44.【答案】raduated【解析】根据句意,男孩高中毕业后,继续在浙江大学学习。结合首字母判断,空处应用动词graduate,意思是"毕业",在after引导的时间状语从句中作谓语,时态应与主句中谓语动词continued一致用一般过去时。故填:graduated。男孩高中毕业后,继续在浙江大学学习。做首字母填空题,首先要理解句子大意,推出设空处的大致意思,根据首字母提示确定所需单词,在注意词性和语法变化的基础上填写拼写正确的适当形式。45.【答案】xploring【解析】根据句意,作为一个求知欲很强的青少年,我期待着探索宇宙,发现它的真相。结合首字母判断,空处应用动词explore,表示"探索"之意。lookforwardto"期待;期盼",动词短语,其中to是介词,后面接动词的ing形式。故填:exploring。作为一个求知欲很强的青少年,我期待着探索宇宙,发现它的真相。做首字母填空题,首先要理解句子大意,推出设空处的大致意思,根据首字母提示确定所需单词,在注意词性和语法变化的基础上填写拼写正确的适当形式。46.【答案】ddicted【解析】根据句意,他承认最近他沉迷于玩网络游戏,因此他的成绩大幅下降。结合首字母判断,空处应用形容词addicted作表语,becomeaddictedto"沉迷于;沉溺于"。故填:addicted。他承认最近他沉迷于玩网络游戏,因此他的成绩大幅下降。做首字母填空题,首先要理解句子大意,推出设空处的大致意思,根据首字母提示确定所需单词,在注意词性和语法变化的基础上填写拼写正确的适当形式。47.【答案】Itis
sonoisyoutsidethat
Ican't
concentrateon
thelecturenow.【解析】句中"这么吵以至于"可用固定句式"so...that...";concentrateon是固定短语,意思是"专心某事"。故填:Itis
sonoisyoutsidethat
Ican't
concentrateon
thelecturenow.外面这么吵以至于我现在无法专心
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