2021年江西省抚州市高一下学期学生学业发展水平测试英语试题

答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页江西省抚州市2020-2021学年高一下学期学生学业发展水平测试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Ifyou’relookingforaplaceintheBayAreatoattendanoutdoorconcert.ShorelineAmphitheater(露天场)inMountainViewmaybejusttheplaceforyouTheSiteWith6,500fixedscatsandgrassseatingthatbringsitscapacity(容纳能力)to22,000,thisoutdooramphitheatercanholdalotofpeople.Infact,you’llbegladtheyhavetwolargevideoscreenstogiveyouaclose-upviewoftheperformers,nomatterwhereyousit.Butstandingisn’tallowed.LikesandDislikesShorelineAmphitheaterisacoolplacetogoonahotsummerevening,notonlyculturallybuttemperature-wise.Shorelineisnotwithoutitsfaults,however.Theirbiggestcomplaintsincludethefactthatthestaffdoesnotpolice(监督)cigarettesmokers.However,ifaperformerrequestsit,thestaffwillforceanyoneseencallingtoleave,whichcancausealotoftroubleduringtheshow.Anotherbiggestcomplaintisthatwhenthemostpopulargroupsperform,allthosepeoplehavetomaketheirwaytotheamphitheateronalimitednumberofcitystreetsandtrafficisoftenatastandstillformiles.TipsfortheaudienceYoucanbringlowbacked-beachchairstouseonthegrass,aslongasthesealisnomorethaninchesofftheground.Youcanalsorentthemonsue.Formostshows,blanketsareallowed.Youmaynotneedsunscreenbecausethesunsetsbeforetheshowstarts,butinsectrepellent(杀虫剂)isagoodidea.Leave“professional”cameras,videoequipmentandrecordingequipmentathome.Onlyworkinganimalsareallowedinsidethesite.1．Ifaudiences’seatsarefarawayfromthestage,whatcantheydo?A．Theycanwatchvideoscreenslive.B．Theycanhardlywatchtheperformanceclearly.C．Theycanstanduptowatchtheperformances.D．Theycanaddmoneytoexchangetheirseats.2．WhichproblemsdoesShorelineAmphitheaterhavetosolve?A．Temperature. B．Smoking.C．Seating. D．Screen.3．WhatcantheaudiencebringwhentheygotoShorelineAmphitheater?A．Highbacked-beachchairsandinsectrepellent.B．Insectrepellentandvideoequipment.C．Blanketsandinsectrepellent.D．Lowbacked-beachchairsandpets.Lifehasnotbeeneasyforveteran(退伍老兵)JohnJolly,whooncestayedinKingwoodParkHouston.Hehasbeenhomelessfordecades.Thankstoagroupofcaringhighschoolseniors,henowhasarealhometocallhisown.StudentsatSummerCreekandKingwoodParkHighschoolsworkedtogetheronaprojectcalled“StudentsHelpingVeterans”overthepastschoolyear.Thestudentsandteacherspartneredtogethertocreatemuster-plannedtinyhomesintheHoustonareaforhomelessveterans.Generouslocalcommunitydonationshelpedfundtheproject.Incooperationwithlocalarchitects,engineers,andothercommunitypartners,theschoolsdesignandbuildhomesexpectedtobe200to300squarefeetinsize.Intheend,theywanttobuildacommunitywhereveteranscanbesurroundedbyotherveteranneighborswhounderstandtheirdifficultiesandissues.SeniorstudentSarahDalbysaidthatwhenshestartedtheproject,shehardlyknewhowtouseasaw(锯)butnowsheisafastlearnerlovesthework.“Wehavetoappreciatetheveteransforprotectingusandgivingusthefreedomandrightsthatweenjoy,”sheaddedwhenexplainingherownpurposetotakepartintheproject.“Thisisunbelievable,”remarkedBarbaraLang,afriendoftheveteranwhowastheretoprovidesupport.Atinyhomeisinvaluabletothosewhohavenothing.Johnwasclearlyexcitedwithhisnew,cleanandfullyfurnishedhome.Thestudentsdon’tviewthisasaone-timeeffort.Theiradmirableplanintogrowtheproject,andhaveitspreadtootherschoolsandcitiesthatcanrepealthismodel.4．Wheredoesthemoneyofbuildinghomesforveteranscomefrom?A．Contributionsfromrichbusinessmen.B．Contributionsfromthelocalpeople.C．Donationsfromthestudentsandteachersofthehighschools.D．DonationsfrompeopleallovertheUSA．5．Whatisthefinalgoalofthe“StudentsHelpingVeterans”project?A．Tohelpveteransfindnewfriends.B．Tocreateahomeforallthehomeless.C．Toformacommunitymadeupofveterans.D．Tobuildhomesforveteransandtheirfamilies.6．WhydidSarahDalbyjointheproject?A．Tolearnnewskills. B．Tolearnfromtheveterans.C．Torealizeoneofherdreams. D．Toshowrespecttotheveterans.7．Whatdoweknowabouttheproject?A．Itdidn’tattracttheveterans.B．Itislikelytobenefitmoreveterans.C．Ithasinspiredotherschoolsandcities.D．Itslopswhenallthehousesarefinished.Ifyourpilotcalls“Mayday”onthecommunicationsystem,you’reinbigtrouble.InMay2020,thepilotofPakistanInternationalAirlinesFlightPK8303gavethehorrible“Mayday”signal.“Wehavelosttwoengines“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday,”werethepilots’lastwords,accordingto“BusinessInsider”Ninety-sevenpeopledied.“Mayday”isaninternationaldistress(遇险)signalusedbyairplanepilotsandboatcaptains.ThesignalarosejustafterWorldWar,asairtrafficbetweenBritainandEuropeincreasedgreatly.Allnearbynationsneededaninternationallyunderstoodsignalthatwouldwarnauthoritiesofurgentaircraftproblems.Shipscommunicatedthroughtelegraph(电报)usingMorsecode(摩斯密码),andthistechnologymade“SOS”unmistakable.However,aircraftpilotsusedradiocalls,and“SOS”owingtoitsconsonants(辅音)couldbemisheardasotherletters,like“F”.SoFrederickMockford,aseniorradioofficerinLondon,wasputinchargeoffindingapropercodeword.HereasonedthatbecausesomuchoftheairtrafficflewbetweenCroydonandLeBourgetAirportinParis.ItmightmakesensetouseawordthathasbeendevelopedfromaFrenchword.Hecameupwith“Mayday”,theFrenchpronunciationof“m’aider”(helpme)whichitselfisaclearversion(版本)of“venezm’aider,”(comehelpme).TheU.S.formallyadopted“Mayday”asadistresssignalin1927.Givenitsimportance,mostpeoplerespectthe“Mayday”signalanduseitonlywhencompletelynecessary.Sadly,theCoastGuardoccasionallydealswithhoaxcalls.Asaresultalotofdollarsandcountlessman-hoursmaybewastedtryingtorescuepeoplewhowereneverindanger.Peoplewhomisusethissystemcanbeputinprisonforupto10years.8．WhatdoestheauthorusetheexampleofthePakistanpilottoshow?A．“Mayday”isusedfordistresscalls. B．Flyingmaybecomeaterribleaircrash.C．“Mayday”hastobeusedsometimes. D．“Mayday”ismainlyusedbythepilot.9．Whynotuse“SOS”usanairplanedistresscall?A．Itisdifficulttounderstand.B．Itisonlyusedamongboutcaptains.C．Itmaybemisunderstoodinradiocalls.D．Itisonlyunderstoodbycertaincountries.10．Whatcanwelearnabout“Mayday”？A．ItisaFrenchword. B．ItmeansadayinMay.C．Ithasdifferentversions. D．ItwascreatedbyFrederick.11．Whatdoestheauthormainlytellreadersinthelastparagraph?A．Touse“Mayday”cautiously. B．Tolearntheimportanceof“Mayday”.C．Tounderstandtheoriginof“Mayday”. D．Toknowhowtouse“Mayday”.Schoolclosuresduetothecorona-virusmeanthatchildrenacrosstheUnitedStateshavetogowithoutformedlessons.Butmanyaremissingmorethanthat;they’relackingmealsthatwereformerlyprovidedforthembyschools.Two-thirdsofthe31millionAmericankidswhoregularlyeatschoollunchesdependheavilyonthosemealstonourish(滋养)theirbodies.Someprogramsdoexistforfeedingchildrenwhenschoolsareunable,suchastheSummerFoodServiceProgramandtheSeamlessSummerOption,whichcanserveasamodelfortimeslikethese.Suchprogramsuseotherlocationsasmealservicesites,suchaslibrariesandcommunitycorners,buttheissueistheclosureofmanyofthesepublicsiteswhichishappeningatarapidrate.Thenthereistheadditionaldifficultyoffeedinggroupsofpeopleatatimewhengroupsofpeoplearenotsupposedtogather,whichisnotsafeduringaviraloutbreakandtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)havestatedthatadministratorsshould‘‘designnewstrategies(策略)toavoidprovidingmealsinsettingswherepeoplemightgatherinagrouporcrowd...suchas‘grab-and-go’baggedlunchesormealdelivery”.Thesearestrangeandthreateningtimes,withthecorona-virussituationworsebytheday.Low-incomefamiliessufferthemostintimeslikethese.Theyhavelesscashonhandtobuysupplies;theymaynothaveavehicleinwhichtotransportlargequantitiesoffood;theirjobstendtobemoreuncertain.It’simportanttorememberthisandtocontinuedonating,supporting,andshowingmercytolessfortunateindividualsinlimesofdifficulty.Itshouldn’tbeleftentirelytoschooladministratorstofigureouthowtofeedhungrychildren,everycommunityhasadutytoensurethishappens12．Whatissuedoesthepassagechieflyfocuson?A．Makingupformissinglessons. B．Providingmealsforneedykids.C．Thegreatneedsofpoorfamilies. D．Thestrictmeasuresforvirusprevention.13．WhatisthechallengefacedbyprogramslikeSeamlessSummerOption?A．Whatfoodtosupply. B．Whentoclosethepublicsites.C．Howtogetthepermit. D．Wheretogiveoutthefood.14．Whatisthepurposeofstrategieslike“grab-and-go”?A．Toavoidcrowdgatherings. B．Tosavepeople’stime.C．Togiveawaymorefood. D．Tochangepeople’smind.15．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．Showtheseriousnessoftheproblem. B．Improvethegeneralsituations.C．Callformorehelpordonations. D．Advertisetheirprograms.二、七选五WhyDon’tWeListenWhilebeingagoodlisteneriscertainlyimportantforthequalityofourrelationshipswithothersandforourowndevelopment,itlikelydoesn’tcomenaturallyforus.Astudyshowsthattheaveragepersonkeepsonlyabout25%ofwhatheorshehears,____16____Herearesomecommonreasonspeopledon’tlistenwell.Theattitudeofknowingitall.Listeningisoneofthemosteffectivewaystolearnandgrow.However,sometimesweliketothinkthatwe’vealreadygotitallfiguredout.Sowedon’tallowtheknowledge,ideas,opinions,etc.ofotherstoenterintoourmindsandhearts.Sadly,we’rewrong.Therearedifferentopinionsandexperiences.____17____Theconcernforyourself.Frankly,it’seasytogetabsorbedinourownworldspopulatedbyourownthoughts,values,ideas,opinions,etc.____18____Itcanbeeasytoforgetthateachindividualhashisownuniverse(宇宙),andthatoneofthewayseachuniverseexpandsisbyallowinganothertosharepartoftheirswithyou.____19____Sometimeswesimplycan’tconcentrateourattention.Thereisnoshortageofthingsthatattractourattentiontoday,particularlywiththenumberofsmartphones,appstextmessages,shortvideosandsoondrawingourattentionawayfrompeopleinthefleshtothescreen.Wemayalsosimplygetlostinthoughtwhensomeoneisspeakingtous.Toomuchconfidenceinourlisteningskill.Ifyouthinkyou’realreadygreatatsomething,whyworktoimproveit?Thetruthis,nomatterhowwellwemaylistennow,listeningisaskillthatcanbedeveloped.____20____Listeningwellissomethingwehavetoworkfor.A．Performanceincreaseswithpractice.B．Itprovesourattitudetowardslistening.C．Thestateofbeingabsent-minded.D．Itmeanswearemissingoutinformation.E．Thelackoftheabilitytocatchothers’attention.F．Inasense,we’rethecenterofourownuniverse.G．Sowealwayshavesomethingnewtolearnfromothers.三、完形填空AyoungMexican-borngirl____21____forwhatwasrightandachievedtheunexpected.HernameisEricaFernandez.Ericawasbornand____22____inMichoacan.Mexicountiltheageof12.Atthattime,herfamily____23____toanAmericanagriculturecity.Oxnand,Californiatomakeafortune.Oneofthebiggest____24____atthetimewasthatneitherherparentsnorherselfcouldspeakEnglish.Therefore,sheworkedhardatEnglishforseveralyearsand____25____fromChicagoUniversitywithgoodgrades.____26____,alightlifeandracialprejudice(歧视)forcedthemto____27____Mexico,whereshestartedhernewcareer.OnedayEricawasinvitedtoattendameetingasatranslator.She____28____gotnewsthattherichestminingcompanyintheworldwouldbuildachemicalfactoryinherhometown.ThereasonwhytheychoseMichoacanwasthatthis____29____wasrefusedinthosedevelopedareas.Itwouldcause280tensofair_____30_____eachyear,notonlyaffectingthe_____31_____ofOxnardsettlers,butalsotheirharvests.Somelocalpeoplewere_____32_____tocelebrateformorechancesofmakingmoneybecausetheydidn’tknowthetruth.Seeingthatherhometownwasgoingtobe_____33_____,Ericadecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Ericajoinedforceswith_____34_____environmentalprotectionorganizations,andreachedouttothemediatoreportthisunfairnessto_____35_____thisprogrammefromgoingthrough.Shealso_____36_____morethan250highschoolstudentsmarchingonthestreet.Allhereffortsbecame_____37_____afterherexcitingspeech.Theprojectdidn’tgothrough.ItwasErica’scourageanddeterminationthat_____38_____theirsuccess.Ericasavedherhometownfromabad_____39_____atheryoungage,butmost_____40_____sheisteachingushowtolivelifeintherightway:Careaboutourhomelandandwecanmakeadifference!21．A．putup B．cameup C．gotup D．stoodup22．A．raised B．taken C．buried D．brought23．A．reached B．turned C．moved D．staved24．A．adventures B．sufferings C．dreams D．problems25．A．came B．left C．graduated D．kept26．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Moreover27．A．lead B．return C．live D．want28．A．widely B．formally C．accidentally D．uniquely29．A．activity B．campaign C．programme D．statement30．A．Pollution B．harm C．damage D．hurt31．A．disease B．emotion C．health D．freedom32．A．astonished B．excited C．depressed D．satisfied33．A．takenadvantageof B．takencareof C．takenchargeof D．takenholdof34．A．foreign B．downtown C．religious D．local35．A．protect B．break C．fight D．prevent36．A．gathered B．commanded C．forced D．collected37．A．successful B．worthwhile C．hopeful D．true38．A．cameto B．referredto C．addedto D．contributedto39．A．association B．situation C．occasion D．emergency40．A．importantly B．curiously C．fortunately D．simply四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面语言材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中词语的正确形式。Sofarmobilephones____41____(become)moreandmorepopularamongthemiddleschoolstudents,aboutwhichparentsandteachersexpressgreatconcern.IthasbeenahotissuesothisFebruarytheMinistryofEducationofChinamadearule____42____primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsshallnot____43____(allow)tobringmobilephonestoschools.Manyparentsthinkthiscanprotectstudents’eyesightandmakesuretheyfocus____44____(they)onstudy.Besides,thiscanpreventthemfrom____45____(play)onlinegamesfortoolong.Ifstudentsdoneedtobringmobilephonestoschool,theyshouldaskfortheirteachers’____46____(permit)withawrittenapplication(申请).However,somestudentsare____47____theruleandstilltaketheirphonesintoschool.Personally,thewhole____48____(social)shouldpaymoreattentiontothephysicalandmentalhealthofadolescents.Onlybyguidingthemtousemobilephones____49____(proper)cantheymanage_____50_____(fix)theireyesonstudy!五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的这篇作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。GeorgehasacleverdogcallingLeonard.Heoftenletsitplayoutsidebyhimself.Heneverthoughtsomethingwillhappentoitbecauseitdidn’thurtanyone.Oneday,itwentouttoplayanditdidn’treturnbackhomeattheusualtime.Georgefeltsoworriedlythathelookedforiteverywhereitmightgo.TenminutelaterGeorgefounditlayonthegroundwithanarrowinitsstomach.SoGeorgerushedittothehospital.Luckilyitsurvived.LaterGeorgediscoveredarrowwastiedwithanote,thatsaid“Adisturbingdogisunbearableanditsdeathisnottoberegretted”.Whatapitytotreatourpetfriendslikethat!六、推荐信52．你校英语俱乐部进行征文活动，主题为“校年度最美人物”，请用英语写一篇文章参与征文活动。1.最美人物简介。2.推荐理由。题目：PersonoftheYear字数：100字左右。参考答案：1．A2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了ShorelineAmphitheater参加户外音乐会的相关情况，包括其位置，好恶和给观众的建议。1．细节理解题。根据TheSite部分“Infact,you’llbegladtheyhavetwolargevideoscreenstogiveyouaclose-upviewoftheperformers,nomatterwhereyousit.Butstandingisn’tallowed.(事实上，你会很高兴他们有两个大的视频屏幕，无论你坐在哪里，都能让你近距离观看表演者。但是站着是不允许的)”可知，如果观众的座位离舞台很远，他们可以现场观看视频屏幕。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据LikesandDislikes部分“Theirbiggestcomplaintsincludethefactthatthestaffdoesnotpolicecigarettesmokers.(他们最大的抱怨包括工作人员没有对吸烟者进行监督)”可知，ShorelineAmphitheater需要解决吸烟的问题。故选B项。3．细节理解题。根据Tipsfortheaudience部分“Formostshows,blanketsareallowed.(对于大多数演出，毛毯是允许的)”和“butinsectrepellent(杀虫剂)isagoodidea.(但驱虫剂是个好主意)”可知，观众可以带毯子和驱虫剂。故选C项。4．B5．C6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了夏溪中学和金伍德公园中学的学生们共同参与了一个名为“学生帮助退伍军人的项目”，他们要为无家可归的退伍军人建立一个集合计划的小房子。4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Generouslocalcommunitydonationshelpedfundtheproject.(当地社区慷慨的捐款帮助资助了该项目)”可知兵建房的钱来自于当地人民的贡献。故选B项。5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thestudentsandteacherspartneredtogethertocreatemuster-plannedtinyhomesintheHoustonareaforhomelessveterans.(学生和教师合作，在休斯顿地区为无家可归的退伍军人创建了集合计划的小房子)”可知，学生帮助退伍军人。再根据第三段“Intheend,theywanttobuildacommunitywhereveteranscanbesurroundedbyotherveteranneighborswhounderstandtheirdifficultiesandissues.(最后，他们希望建立一个社区，让退伍军人可以被理解他们的困难和问题的其他退伍军人邻居包围)”可知，项目的最终目标是组成一个由退伍军人组成的社区。故选C项。6．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““Wehavetoappreciatetheveteransforprotectingusandgivingusthefreedomandrightsthatweenjoy,”sheaddedwhenexplainingherownpurposetotakepartintheproject.(“我们必须感谢退伍军人保护我们，给予我们所享有的自由和权利，”她在解释自己参与该项目的目的时补充道)”可知，莎拉·达尔比要加入这个项目是因为她要向退伍军人表示敬意。故选D项。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Atinyhomeisinvaluabletothosewhohavenothing.Johnwasclearlyexcitedwithhisnew,cleanandfullyfurnishedhome.(对于一无所有的人来说，一个小小的家是无价的。约翰显然对他那干净、家具齐全的新家感到兴奋)”可知，我们知道这个项目可能会使更多的退伍军人受益。故选B项。8．A9．C10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞机飞行员、船长和应急响应人员使用的国际遇险信号“Mayday”的发明过程以及其重要性。8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“InMay2020,thepilotofPakistanInternationalAirlinesFlightPK8303gavethehorrible“Mayday”signal.“Wehavelosttwoengines“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday,”werethepilots’lastwords,accordingto“BusinessInsider”Ninety-sevenpeopledied.“Mayday”isaninternationaldistress

signalusedbyairplanepilotsandboatcaptains.(2020年5月，巴基斯坦国际航空公司PK8303航班的飞行员发出了可怕的“求救”信号我们失去了两个引擎“求救，求救，求救”是飞行员的遗言，据《商业内幕》报道，97人死亡“求救信号”是飞机驾驶员和船长使用的一种国际求救信号)”可推知，作者用巴基斯坦飞行员的例子来说明“Mayday”是用来发出求救信号的。故选A项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“ShipscommunicatedthroughtelegraphusingMorsecode,andthistechnologymade“SOS”unmistakable.However,aircraftpilotsusedradiocalls,and“SOS”owingtoitsconsonantscouldbemisheardasotherletters,like“F”.(船舶使用莫尔斯电码通过电报进行通信，这项技术使“SOS”无误。然而，飞机飞行员使用无线电呼叫，“SOS”由于其辅音可能会被误认为是其他字母，如“F”)”可知，不使用“SOS”作为飞机遇险呼叫是因为它可能在无线电通话中被误解。故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“SoFrederickMockford,aseniorradioofficerinLondon,wasputinchargeoffindingapropercodeword.HereasonedthatbecausesomuchoftheairtrafficflewbetweenCroydonandLeBourgetAirportinParis.ItmightmakesensetouseawordthathasbeendevelopedfromaFrenchword.Hecameupwith“Mayday”,theFrenchpronunciationof“m’aider”(helpme)whichitselfisaclearversionof“venezm’aider,”(comehelpme)(因此，伦敦高级无线电官员弗雷德里克·莫克·福特（FrederickMockford）负责寻找合适的密码。他认为这是因为巴黎克罗伊登机场和布尔歇机场之间的空中交通量很大。使用从法语单词发展而来的单词可能有意义。他提出了“求救”，法语发音为“m'aider”（帮助我），这本身就是“venezm'aider”（来帮助我）的清晰版本)”可知，Mayday是由Frederick创造的。故选D项。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Givenitsimportance,mostpeoplerespectthe“Mayday”signalanduseitonlywhencompletelynecessary.(鉴于它的重要性，大多数人尊重“求救”信号，只有在完全必要时才使用它)”可知，最后一段作者主要告诉读者谨慎使用“Mayday”。故选A项。12．B13．B14．A15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要是关于为贫困儿童提供膳食的问题。作者呼吁更多的帮助或捐款。12．主旨大意题。阅读全文以及根据第一段“they’relackingmealsthatwereformerlyprovidedforthembyschools.Two-thirdsofthe31millionAmericankidswhoregularlyeatschoollunchesdependheavilyonthosemealstonourishtheirbodies.(他们缺少以前学校为他们提供的膳食。在3100万经常吃学校午餐的美国儿童中，三分之二的人严重依赖学校午餐来滋养身体)”可知，这篇文章主要讨论的问题是为贫困儿童提供膳食。故选B项。13．推理判断题。根据第二段“Suchprogramsuseotherlocationsasmealservicesites,suchaslibrariesandcommunitycorners,buttheissueistheclosureofmanyofthesepublicsiteswhichishappeningatarapidrate.(这类项目使用其他地点作为餐饮服务场所，如图书馆和社区角，但问题是这些公共场所的关闭速度很快)”像无缝暑假这样的项目面临的挑战是何时关闭公共场所。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第三段“theCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)havestatedthatadministratorsshould‘‘designnewstrategiestoavoidprovidingmealsinsettingswherepeoplemightgatherinagrouporcrowd(疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）表示，管理者应“设计新策略，避免在人群聚集的环境中提供膳食)”可知，grab-and-go策略的目的是避免人群聚集。故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’simportanttorememberthisandtocontinuedonating,supporting,andshowingmercytolessfortunateindividualsinlimesofdifficulty.Itshouldn’tbeleftentirelytoschooladministratorstofigureouthowtofeedhungrychildren,everycommunityhasadutytoensurethishappens(重要的是要记住这一点，并继续捐赠、支持和怜悯处于困境中的不幸者。不应该完全由学校管理者来决定如何喂养饥饿的儿童，每个社区都有责任确保这一点的实现)”可知，最后一段作者打算呼吁更多的帮助或捐款。故选C项。16．D17．G18．F19．C20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕一个主题展开讨论学会倾听的重要性。16．根据上文“Astudyshowsthattheaveragepersonkeepsonlyabout25%ofwhatheorshehears(一项研究表明，普通人只保留了他或她听到的25%左右)”可知这就意味着我们会失去很多信息，前后文连贯。D选项“这意味着我们错过了信息。”符合题意，连接上文。故选D。17．根据原文第二段“Theattitudeofknowingitall.Listeningisoneofthemosteffectivewaystolearnandgrow.However,sometimesweliketothinkthatwe’vealreadygotitallfiguredout.Sowedon’tallowtheknowledge,ideas,opinions,etc.ofotherstoenterintoourmindsandhearts.Sadly,we’rewrong.Therearedifferentopinionsandexperiences.(无所不知的态度。倾听是学习和成长最有效的方式之一。然而，有时我们喜欢认为我们已经把一切都弄明白了。因此，我们不允许他人的知识、想法、观点等进入我们的头脑和心灵。可悲的是，我们错了。有不同的观点和经验)”可知，此处讲的是聆听是学习的途径，我们总认为自己搞清了一切而拒绝别人的想法等内容。但事实上“Sadly,we’rewrong”后讲了不同的观点和经验，我们应该从别人身上学到新的东西，向他人学习。G选项“所以我们总是有新的东西可以向别人学习。”符合题意。故选G。18．根据上文“Frankly,it’seasytogetabsorbedinourownworldspopulatedbyourownthoughts,values,ideas,opinions,etc.(坦率地说，我们很容易被自己的思想、价值观、想法、观点等所占据的世界所吸引)”中的关键词“ourownworlds”，以及后文“eachindividualhashisownuniverse”可知，前后文对应，此处应填写与自己的宇宙有关的内容。F选项“从某种意义上说，我们是自己宇宙的中心。”符合题意。故选F项。19．结合设空处后“Sometimeswesimplycan’tconcentrateourattention.Thereisnoshortageofthingsthatattractourattentiontoday,particularlywiththenumberofsmartphones,appstextmessages,shortvideosandsoondrawingourattentionawayfrompeopleinthefleshtothescreen.Wemayalsosimplygetlostinthoughtwhensomeoneisspeakingtous.(有时我们根本无法集中注意力。如今，吸引我们注意力的东西并不短缺，特别是智能手机、应用程序、短信、短视频等的数量将我们的注意力从肉体的人转移到了屏幕上。当有人跟我们说话时，我们也可能只是陷入沉思)”可知，该段的中心意思为我们不能集中注意，手机吸引了我们的注意。而C选项“一种心不在焉的状态”符合题意。故选C项。20．结合设空处前文“Thetruthis,nomatterhowwellwemaylistennow,listeningisaskillthatcanbedeveloped(事实是，无论我们现在听得多么好，倾听都是一种可以培养的技能)”因此接下来会围绕“培养”来阐述，因此A选项“练习能提高成绩”符合题意。故选A项。21．D22．A23．C24．D25．C26．B27．B28．C29．C30．A31．C32．B33．A34．A35．D36．A37．A38．D39．B40．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了墨西哥女孩Erica阻止世界上最富有的矿产公司在自己的家乡修建化工厂，使自己的家乡远离化工污染的故事。21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个出生在墨西哥的年轻女孩坚持正确的立场，取得了意想不到的成就。A.putup张贴；B.cameup出现，发生；C.gotup起床；D.stoodup为……挺身而出。根据空后“forwhatwasright”以及后文Erica为自己的家乡挺身而出的事可知，此处表示坚持自己的立场。故选D项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾丽卡在Michoacan出生和长大。A.raised养育；B.taken带走；C.buried埋葬；D.brought带来。根据上文“Ericawasbornand”以及结合句意可知，Erica在墨西哥的Michoacan出生并在她12岁之前在那里被抚养长大。故选A项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，她的家人搬到了美国的一个农业城市。A.reached到达；B.turned转向；C.moved移动；D.staved饥饿。根据上文“raisedinMichoacan”以及下文“toanAmericanagriculturecity”可知，此处表示搬家。故选C项。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时最大的问题之一是她的父母和她自己都不会说英语。A.adventures冒险；B.sufferings苦难；C.dreams梦想；D.problems问题。根据下文“atthetimewasthatneitherherparentsnorherselfcouldspeakEnglish”可知，她父母和她都不会说英语，所以语言成了他们最大的问题之一。故选D项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她努力学习英语已经几年了，毕业于芝加哥大学，成绩很好。A.came来；B.left离开；C.graduated毕业；D.kept保持。根据空后“fromChicagoUniversity”可知，此处表示毕业于芝加哥大学。故选C项。26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，艰苦的生活和种族偏见迫使他们返回墨西哥。A.Besides除此之外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Moreover此外。根据上文“graduatedfromChicagoUniversitywithgoodgrades.”以及下文“racialprejudice”可知，此处表示“苦练英语从芝加哥大学毕业”和“因为歧视不得不回乡工作的对比”。故选B项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，艰苦的生活和种族偏见迫使他们返回墨西哥。A.lead领导；B.return返回；C.live生活；D.want想要。结合文意以及下文“whereshestartedhernewcareer.”可知，主人公因为生活艰苦和种族歧视返回了墨西哥。故选B项。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她意外地得到消息，世界上最富有的矿业公司将在她的家乡建造一座化工厂。A.widely广泛地；B.formally正式地；C.accidentally意外地；D.uniquely特别地。根据下文“gotnewsthattherichestminingcompanyintheworldwouldbuildachemicalfactoryinherhometown”以及句意可知，此处表示她意外的得到消息。故选C项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们之所以选择Michoacan，是因为这个项目在那些发达地区被拒绝了。A.activity活动；B.campaign战役，运动；C.programme项目；D.statement陈述。根据后文第15个空后的复现词“thisprogramme”可知，此处表示这个项目。故选C项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它每年造成大量的空气污染。A.Pollution污染；B.harm伤害；C.damage损害；D.hurt受伤。此处“airpollution”意为空气污染，其他选项不符合用语习惯。故选A项。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅影响奥克斯纳德定居者的健康，而且影响他们的收成。A.disease疾病；B.emotion情感；C.health健康；D.freedom自由。根据上文“airpollution”可知，空气污染会威胁生命健康。故选C项。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些当地人兴奋地庆祝更多的赚钱机会，因为他们不知道真相。A.astonished吃惊的；B.excited兴奋的；C.depressed萧条的；D.satisfied满意的。根据下文“morechancesofmakingmoney”可知，由于这个项目给当地人带来了财富，所以当地人会兴高采烈。故选B项。33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：看到她的家乡将被利用，艾丽卡决定采取一些措施。A.takenadvantageof利用；B.takencareof照顾；C.takenchargeof负责；D.takenholdof抓住。根据下文“Ericadecidedtodosomethingaboutit”以及句意可知，看到她的家乡会被人利用，Erica决定做点什么。故选A项。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾丽卡与外国环保组织联手。A.foreign外国的；B.downtown市中心的；C.religious宗教的；D.local当地的。结合生活常识，保护环境的组织应该是国外的。故选A项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Erica与国外环保组织联手，向媒体伸出援手，报道这一不公平现象，阻止该计划通过。A.protect保护；B.break打破；C.fight打斗；D.prevent阻止。根据上文“Ericajoinedforceswithforeignenvironmentalprotectionorganizations,andreachedouttothemediatoreportthisunfairness”可知Erica采取的措施是为了阻止该项目的通过，且“prevent……from……”是固定搭配，意为“阻止……”。故选D项。36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还召集了250多名高中生在街上游行。A.gathered聚集；B.commanded命令；C.forced强迫；D.collected收藏。根据下文“highschoolstudents”客制化，Erica集结高中生游行抗议。故选A项。37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她激动人心的演讲之后，她所有的努力都取得了成功。A.successful成功的；B.worthwhile值得的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.true真实的。根据下文“theirsuccess”可知，她所有的努力都成功了。故选A项。38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是艾丽卡的勇气和决心促成了他们的成功。A.cameto想起；B.referredto参考；C.addedto增加；D.contributedto促成。根据上文“Erica’scourageanddetermination”可知，此处表示正是Erica的勇气和决心促成了他们的成功。故选D项。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾丽卡在她年轻的时候就把她的家乡从一个糟糕的处境中拯救了出来。A.association协会；B.situation情况；C.occasion时机；D.emergency紧急情况。根据上文“savedherhometownfromabad”可知，此处表示糟糕的处境。故选B项。40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，她正在教我们如何以正确的方式生活：关心我们的家园，我们可以有所作为！A.importantly重要地；B.curiously好奇地；C.fortunately幸运地；D.simply简单地。根据下文“sheisteachingushowtolivelifeintherightway”可知，此处表示她教会我们的最重要的事是如何正确的生活。故选A项。41．havebecome42．that43．beallowed44．themselves45．playing46．permission47．against48．society49．properly50．tofix【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。到目前为止，手机在中学生中越来越受欢迎，对此家长和老师表示了极大的关注。这一直是一个热点问题，所以今年2月，中国教育部颁布了一条规定，不允许中小学生携带手机到学校。文章主要说明了家长和学生对此