浙江省2024-2025学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题含解析

Page24留意事项：1．本卷满分150分，考试时间100分钟;2．答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第I卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwilltheboydoonSaturday?A.Takeanexam.B.Playoutside.C.Studyhard.2.Whatdidthewomanleavebehind?A.Herpurse.B.Herkeys.C.Herbag.3.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atabar.B.Onabridge.C.Inahouse.4.Whenwil1thespeakersarrive?A.Atabout1:30.B.Atabout2:00.C.Atabout2:30.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afootballgame.B.Anewfilm.C.Aweekendplan.其次节：(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A.ExcitingB.Discouraging.C.Boring.7.WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Watchagame.B.Playtennis.C.Gotothecinema.听第7段材料，回答8至10题8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Howdoesthemansound?A.Uninterested.B.Delighted.C.Annoyed.10.Whyisthemaninterestedinspacetravel?A.Heenjoysstudyingphysics.B.Hewantstobeanastronaut.C.Helikessciencefictionmovies.听第8段材料，回答11至13题11.WhatcolorarethejeansJenniferFoxordered?A.Lightblue.B.Darkblue.C.Lightdark.12.WhatdoesthemanaskJenniferFoxtodo?A.Deliverthejeansback.B.Contactthesalesperson.C.Checktheordernumber.13.Whatwillthemanconfirm?A.Thedeliveryinformation,B.Theoriginalprice.C.Thediscount.听第9段材料，回答14至17题14.Whycan’tthemanstayfocused?A.Hehastoomanythingstodealwith.B.Hehasadifficultdecisiontomake.C.HehasaquarreIwithhisgirlfriend.15.Whenshouldthemanreplytothecompany?A.Bytheendoftheweek.B.Bytheendofthemonth.C.Bythebeginningofnextmonth.16.Whatispartoftheman’sproblem?A.Hisgirlfrienddoesn’tsupporthisdecision.B.Helacksthemoneyforhisdoctoralprogram.C.Hisparentsandadviserhavedifferentopinions.17.Whydoesn’ttheman’sgirlfriendagreetogetmarriednow?A.Shehasn’tgraduatedyet.B.Theyhaven’tstartedtheircareersyet.C.Theyhaven’twontheirparents’approval听第10段材料，回答18至20题18.HowdidTedconnectwithhisstudents?A.Byplayingchesswiththem.B.Bydealingwiththeirstruggles.C.Byhelpingwiththeirhomework.19.Whataredozensofstudentsgoingtodothisweek?A.Jointheschool’schessteam.B.VisitachessteaminNashville.C.Participateinanationalchesscompetition.20.WhatlessonhavethestudentslearnedfromTed?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Thinktwicebeforetakingaction.C.Takeactionbeforeitgetstoolate.其次部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVisitIceland—ASpace-likeOdyssey(奇幻历险)Withallofitsuniqueexperiences,atriptoIcelandwilltakeyourbreathaway.Icelandistrulyanoutdoorenthusiast’sparadise.IfyouareplanningtovisitIceland,chooseonefromthehandpickedtouroperators.ELDHESTAR-Volcanohorse-ridingAtEldhestarwedevelopactivitiestocombinepleasure,comfortandadventureinawayofrespectingnature.Weoffervariousridingtoursallyearround.Forexperiencedriders,theadventureof6-7daysonhorsebackintheIcelandichighlandsishighlyrecommended.CONTACT:480-4800;info@eldhestar;ADVENTUREVIKINGSJustjoinourgreatselectionofscheduleddaytoursavailableallyearround!Weprovidediverseadventuresfromeasyhikingtoextremesportsandwecanevenplanacustomizedadventureforyou.WearealsothefirsttooffersurfingschoolforbeginnersinIceland.CONTACT:571-2900;info@adventurevikings;EXTREMEICELANDICADVENTURESWeareatouroperator,withafocusontoursandadventuresinthenorthofIceland.IfyouwanttoexploreIcelandbyhiking,snowmobiling,drivingsuperjeepsorparachuting(跳伞),sendusanemailandwefixwhatyouneed.INTOTHEGLACIERJoinIntotheGlacierforanadventurethatwillleadyoutotheuntouchedbeautyandrawnatureofLangjokull,Iceland’ssecondlargestglacierIt’sanopportunityofalifetimeaswejourneyupthewhiteslopesandgodeepinsidetheman-madeicetunnels.CONTACT:578-2550;info@intotheglacier;intotheglacier.isThereisalwaysanadventurewaitingtohappeninIceland.ClickhereandlookformorethingstodoinIceland!1.WhichnumberwouldyoudialifyouwanttotrywatersportsinIceland?A.862-7988. B.578-2550. C.571-2900. D.480-4800.2.Whatdothetraveloperatorshaveincommon?A.Theybestsuitoutdoorlovers. B.TheyarelocatedinnorthernIceland.C.Theyprovideservicesallyearround. D.Theyofferextremesportsexperiences.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.Anacademicarticle.C.Atravelwebsite. D.Ageographymagazine.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是为支配去冰岛旅游的户外爱好者细心选择的几家旅行社。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据ADVENTUREVIKINGS部分中的“WearealsothefirsttooffersurfingschoolforbeginnersinIceland.(我们也是冰岛第一家为初学者供应冲浪学校的公司。)”和“CONTACT:571-2900(联系电话：571-2900)”可知，ADVENTUREVIKINGS是一家供应冲浪运动的公司，所以，假如想参与水上运动，应拨打的电话是571-2900。故选C项。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据首段中的“Withallofitsuniqueexperiences,atriptoIcelandwilltakeyourbreathaway.Icelandistrulyanoutdoorenthusiast’sparadise.IfyouareplanningtovisitIceland,chooseonefromthehandpickedtouroperators.(冰岛的独特阅历会让你大吃一惊。冰岛的确是户外运动爱好者的天堂。假如你支配去冰岛旅游，可以从细心选择的旅行社中选择一家。)”可知，冰岛是户外运动爱好者的天堂，本文主要介绍的是为支配去冰岛旅游的人们选择的几家旅行社，所以这几家旅行社的共同点为：最适合户外运动的爱好者。故选A项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据尾段中的“ThereisalwaysanadventurewaitingtohappeninIceland.ClickhereandlookformorethingstodoinIceland!(冰岛总有一场冒险在等着你。点击这里找寻更多在冰岛可以做的事情!)”可知，点击此处可以找到更多在冰岛可做的事情，由此可知，本文应当是取自于旅游网站。故选C项。BFamilyvlogging—thefrequentrecordinganduploadingofpersonalvideosofthefamily,usuallyonvideosharingwebsite—hasbecomebigbusinessnowadays,especiallyamongparentsofyoungchildren.Themoreviewerssuchvideoscanget,themoremoneythefamilycanmake.Atfirstthought,itdoesseemlikeaneasywaytomakemoney.However,arewedoingrightbyputtingtheirlivesupforpublicattention?Foronething,asthechildrengrowup,theyincreasinglybecomeawarethatwhattheydoneedstobeadmirableenoughforthepublictoenjoy—Beingyoungchildren,theyalsowouldwanttodowhateverittakestopleaseothers.Theythenfeelthepressuretobeperfect,andasthatissomethingnotalwayspossible,theybecomeanxiousandstressed.Commentsfromviewersandtheexpectationsofsponsors(赞助者)canalsoaffecttheparents’reactionstowardstheirchildren.Anotherproblemisthelackofprivacyinthechildren’slives.Asthechildrenreachadolescence,thereisagreaserneedforpersonalspace.At12or13,veryfewchildrenwouldappreciatebeingfilmedwhileeatingorhavingaconversationwiththeirfriends.Teenhoodisatimeofsignificantchangeinanindividual,bothphysicallyandemotionally,andisatimewhenparentsneedtoprotecttheirchildrenandguidethem,insteadofexposingthemtotheeyesofthepublic.Familyvloggingcanbeirresistible,givenhowitallowsparentstobringgreaterfuntotheirfamilylives.Thereisalsotheeasymoneyandthefametolookforwardto.Indeed,allwouldprobablygowell,butonlyaslongasparentskeepinmindthat,ifnotmanagedwell,makingtheirchildrenlivetheirlivesintheunforgivingeyesofthepubliccouldprovetobeabigmistake.4.Howdoesvloggingaboutchildren’slivesinfluencethefamily?A.Childrenwillgetusedtopublicattention.B.Childrenmaysufferfromtoomuchpressure.C.Parentsmayshownoconcernfortheirchildren.D.Parentsbecomeaddictedtoexposingtheirchildrentothepublic.5.Howdoesthewritermainlydevelophisargument?A.Byprovidingexamples B.BylistingnumbersC.Bymakingcomparisons D.Byanalyzingcauses6.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.TointroduceanewbigbusinessB.Toshowhowvlogginginfluencepeople’slives.C.Topersuadeparentstowatchoutforcommentsfromviewers.D.Toconvinceparentsofthedangerofvloggingaboutchildren’slives.7.What’sthewriter’sattitudetovloggingaboutchildren’slives?A.negative B.positive C.neutral D.uninterested【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了家庭视频微博中把孩子的生活公之于众对孩子的影响，以此让家长信任关于孩子生活的视频微博存在的紧急。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Foronething,asthechildrengrowup,theyincreasinglybecomeawarethatwhattheydoneedstobeadmirableenoughforthepublictoenjoy—Beingyoungchildren,theyalsowouldwanttodowhateverittakestopleaseothers.Theythenfeelthepressuretobeperfect,andasthatissomethingnotalwayspossible,theybecomeanxiousandstressed.(一方面，随着孩子们的成长，他们越来越意识到他们所做的事情须要足够令人敬佩，以供公众观赏——作为孩子，他们也会想尽一切方法取悦别人。然后，他们会感到要完备的压力，因为这并不总是可能的，他们变得焦虑和压力。)”可知，孩子们为了取悦于公众，他们会感到要完备的压力，从而变得焦虑和压力，所以关于孩子的视频博客会让孩子感到很大的压力。故选B项。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Foronething,asthechildrengrowup,theyincreasinglybecomeawarethatwhattheydoneedstobeadmirableenoughforthepublictoenjoy—Beingyoungchildren,theyalsowouldwanttodowhateverittakestopleaseothers.(一方面，随着孩子们的成长，他们越来越意识到他们所做的事情须要足够令人敬佩，以供公众观赏——作为孩子，他们也会想尽一切方法取悦别人。)”以及第三段中的“Anotherproblemisthelackofprivacyinthechildren’slives.Asthechildrenreachadolescence,thereisagreaserneedforpersonalspace.(另一个问题是孩子们生活中缺乏隐私。随着孩子们进入青春期，他们对个人空间的需求越来越大。)”可知，作者在首段陈述观点后，在下文中从两个方面分析了家庭视频博客将关于孩子生活的视频公布于众产生的一些问题，所以，作者是通过分析缘由的方式来绽开他的论点的。故选D项。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据首段中的“However,arewedoingrightbyputtingtheirlivesupforpublicattention?(然而，我们把他们的生活公之于众是对的吗?)”可知，作者在首段用提问的方式引出本文的主题——把孩子的生活公之于众，对吗？接下来从两个方面分析了家庭视频博客将孩子的生活公之于众存在的问题，结合尾段中的“Indeed,allwouldprobablygowell,butonlyaslongasparentskeepinmindthat,ifnotmanagedwell,makingtheirchildrenlivetheirlivesintheunforgivingeyesofthepubliccouldprovetobeabigmistake.(事实上，一切都可能顺当进行，但前提是父母要记住，假如管理不善，让孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能会是一个巨大的错误。)”可知，作者提示家长，假如管理不善，把孩子公之于众可能是一个巨大的错误，所以本文的目的是让家长信任关于孩子生活的视频微博是有紧急的。故选D项。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据首段中的“However,arewedoingrightbyputtingtheirlivesupforpublicattention?(然而，我们把他们的生活公之于众是对的吗?)”可知，作者在首段用提问的方式引出本文的主题，说明作者对此做法持怀疑看法，结合尾段中的“Indeed,allwouldprobablygowell,butonlyaslongasparentskeepinmindthat,ifnotmanagedwell,makingtheirchildrenlivetheirlivesintheunforgivingeyesofthepubliccouldprovetobeabigmistake.(事实上，一切都可能顺当进行，但前提是父母要记住，假如管理不善，让孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能会是一个巨大的错误。)”可知，作者通过分析，向家长阐明，假如管理不善，把孩子公之于众可能是一个巨大的错误，由此可推断，作者对关于孩子生活的家庭视频微博持否定的看法。故选A项。CYou’veprobablyeatenahotdogandfeltliketheunderdog—buthaveyoueverspottedasundog?Asundogisaweathereventthatcausestwobrightburstsofrainbowcoloredlighttoappearoneithersideofthesun.Itislocatedapproximately22degreeseitherleft,right,orboth,fromthesun,dependingonwheretheicecrystals(冰晶体)are.Ifthesunwereaclock,youwouldseethemaround3o’clockand9o’clock.Sometimessundogsappearwithahalo(光环)aroundthesun.Theycanbeverybeautiful,withareddishglowclosesttothesunandabluishwhitecenter.Sundogscanbeseenduringanyseasonbutaremostoftenseenduringthewintermonthswhenthesunislowerinthesky.Youarealsomorelikelytoseethemearlyorlateintheday,whenthesunisnearthehorizon(地平线).Themostbrilliantsundogshappenonsunnydays.Conditionsneedtobejustrightforsundogstoappear.Sunlightpassesthroughhigh,coldcirrusclouds(卷云).Thesecloudscontainflat,6-sidedicecrystals.Iftheplate-likecrystalsgotowardthegroundhorizontallywiththelargefacetowardstheearth,lightisreflectedthroughthesides.Thecrystalsactasprisms(棱镜),separatingthelightandmakingthesundog.Throughouthistory,sundogshavebeenusedtopredictweatherbecausetheyoftenindicatethatsnoworrainisonitsway.Somepeoplebelievedthatsundogswereasignofgoodluckorencouragement,whileotherssawthemasawarningfromGod.FamousauthorssuchasWilliamShakespeareandJackLondonhavedescribedsundogsinstoriesandpoemsasbothfrighteningandamazing.Artistshavebeeninspiredtocatchthebeautyofsundogsindrawingspaintings,andphotography,androckbandshaveevenwrittensongsaboutthem.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutsundogsfromthesecondparagraph?A.Sundogscanbeusedtotellthetime. B.Sundogsaremostcommoninwinter.C.Sundogsalwayscomeafterarainbow. D.Sundogspredictthecomingofsunnydays.9.Inwhichsituationwillsundogscomeintobeing?A.Thecloudsseparatethesunlight.B.Theplateturnsitsfacetowardstheearth.C.Thecrystalsgotowardthegroundhorizontally.D.Icecrystalsarepositionedwiththeirflatsideshorizontaltotheground.10.Whydopeopleusesundogstopredictweather?A.Becausepeoplethinktheystandforbadluck B.Becausesundogsarebeyondtheirrecognition.C.Becausearainorsnowoftencomesafterthem. D.BecausepeopleconsideritasawarningfromGod.11.WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeareandJackLondon?A.Toprovesundogsaremagicalevents.B.Toshowsundogshavelongattractedgreatattention.C.Toencouragewriterstodescribesundogsintheirworks.D.Toremindpeoplethattheyaregoodatwritingstoriesandpoems【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一种罕见的大气光学现象——幻日，介绍了它的形成原理和形成条件等。【8题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Sundogscanbeseenduringanyseasonbutaremostoftenseenduringthewintermonthswhenthesunislowerinthesky.(在任何季节都可以看到幻日，但最常见的是在太阳较低的冬季。)”可知，幻日在任何季节都会出现，但在冬季是最常见的。故选B项。9题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Iftheplate-likecrystalsgotowardthegroundhorizontallywiththelargefacetowardstheearth,lightisreflectedthroughthesides.Thecrystalsactasprisms(棱镜),separatingthelightandmakingthesundog.(假如片状晶体水平朝向地面，大面朝向地球，光线会从侧面反射。晶体充当棱镜，分别光线并制造出幻日。)”可知，冰晶垂直向下，平坦的侧面与地面平行，此时晶体充当棱镜，反射太阳光线，从而产生幻日现行，所以，冰晶的侧面与地面平行是形成幻日的条件。故选D项。【10题详解】微小环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“Throughouthistory,sundogshavebeenusedtopredictweatherbecausetheyoftenindicatethatsnoworrainisonitsway.(纵观历史，幻日始终被用来预料天气，因为它们常常预示着雪或雨即将来临。)”可知，历史上人们用幻日预料天气，是因为它们的出现预示着要下雨或下雪，也就是雨或雪就在幻日之后出现。故选C项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据尾段中的“FamousauthorssuchasWilliamShakespeareandJackLondonhavedescribedsundogsinstoriesandpoemsasbothfrighteningandamazing.(威廉·莎士比亚（WilliamShakespeare）和杰克·伦敦（JackLondon）等闻名作家在故事和诗歌中将幻日描述为既可怕又令人惊异。)”可知，莎士比亚与杰克·伦敦分别是十六世纪和十九世纪的作家，他们的作品中都有关于幻日的描述，由此可知，幻日现象由来已久，所以，文章提到他们是为了说明幻日现象长期以来被人们关注。故选B项。DHumanshavemanyuniquebehaviorsamonganimals.Forexample,wehaveaformallanguagethatpermitscommunicationaboutthingsthatexistinthepast,present,andfuture.Yetweshareatleastoneemotionwithmanyotherspeciesfear.Toreallyunderstandourfearswehavetogofurthertostudyhowanimalslongbeforehumanscameintobeingassessed(评估)andmanagedpredation(捕食)riskinthewild.Allanimals,pastandpresent,mustassesslife-threateningpredationrisks(风险)andmakedecisionstoavoidorotherwisemanagethoserisks.Itisaproperbalance:beingtoofearfuliscostlyiffearmeansthatyoumissoutongettingfood,mates,orotherimportantresources.However,beingtoobrazencouldendverypoorlyindeed.Itisthecontextthatinfluencesalldecisions.Ifthey’rehungry,it’swisetotakemorerisksortheywillgohungry.And,ifthey’repowerfulandcanstealfoodfromothersatwill,perhapsit’sOKtobeabitmorecareful.Successfulindividualsarethosethatmakerightassessment,andbecauseofthis,leavemoredescendants.Naturalexpressionsoffearinfluencethestructureofecologicalcommunities,andtheremovalofpredatorschangesentireecosystems.Tomanagepredationrisks,animalsmodify(调整)theiractivitypatterns,habitatselection,andtheirdiet.Fearofpredatorscanalsoreduceanindividual’sreproductive(繁殖)success.Allofthesefear-drivenmodificationscanhaveagreatinfluenceonboththeenvironmentandthediversityofmanyspecies.Fear,asitturnsout,isanessentialpartofhealthyecosystemsandhelpskeepbiodiversity.Fearisanaturalemotion,andthatit’simpossibletocompletelyavoidit.Itiscomfortingtoknowthatfearcomesfromalonglineofancestors,bothhumanandnonhuman.Itisacompass(指南针)that,whenusedIproperly,guidesusawayfromdangerandtowardopportunity.12.Whatdoweknowaboutanimals’riskassessmentandmanagementaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Animalsaretoofearfultomakerightassessments.B.Animalswillfailtogetfoodwhentheyarefearful.C.Animalshavetomakeproperdecisionsbasedondifferentsituations.D.Animalswhicharcmorefearfularemorelikelytomakerightassessment.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brazen“meaninparagraph2?A.brave B.afraid C.hungry D.strong14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThewaysanimalsmanagefearB.TheinfluencefearhasonecosystemC.TheapproachestokeepingahealthyecosystemD.Theproblemsfearbringsabouttotheecosystem15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FearfromOurDeepPast B.SurvivalofthebravestC.Emotionfromhumanandnonhuman. D.Pathtoriskmanagement【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白人类和其他物种都有恐惊的情感，说明白恐惊是如何帮助动物在野外评估和管理捕食风险的以及恐惊对于人类社会的作用和影响。【12题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段“Toreallyunderstandourfearswehavetogofurthertostudyhowanimalslongbeforehumanscameintobeingassessed(评估)andmanagedpredation(捕食)riskinthewild.Allanimals,pastandpresent,mustassesslife-threateningpredationrisks(风险)andmakedecisionstoavoidorotherwisemanagethoserisks.Itisaproperbalance:beingtoofearfuliscostlyiffearmeansthatyoumissoutongettingfood,mates,orotherimportantresources.However,beingtoobrazencouldendverypoorlyindeed.(为了真正理解我们的恐惊，我们必需进一步探讨在人类出现之前，动物是如何在野外评估和管理捕食风险的。全部的动物，无论是过去还是现在，都必需评估威逼生命的捕食风险，并做出避开或以其他方式管理这些风险的确定。这是一种适当的平衡：假如恐惊意味着你错过了获得食物、伴侣或其他重要资源，那么过于恐惊是代价昂扬的。然而，太过英勇可能会导致特别糟糕的结果)”可知，动物必需依据不同的状况做出正确的确定。故选C。【13题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线词上文“beingtoofearfuliscostlyiffearmeansthatyoumissoutongettingfood,mates,orotherimportantresources(假如恐惊意味着你错过了获得食物、伴侣或其他重要资源，那么过于恐惊是代价昂扬的)”以及后文“couldendverypoorlyindeed”结合however表示转折，说明太胆小胆怯 会得不到重要资源，付出昂扬的代价，但太过英勇，无所畏惧则会导致糟糕的结果。故划线词意思是“英勇的”。故选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。依据第三段“Naturalexpressionsoffearinfluencethestructureofecologicalcommunities,andtheremovalofpredatorschangesentireecosystems.Tomanagepredationrisks,animalsmodify(调整)theiractivitypatterns,habitatselection,andtheirdiet.Fearofpredatorscanalsoreduceanindividual’sreproductive(繁殖)success.Allofthesefear-drivenmodificationscanhaveagreatinfluenceonboththeenvironmentandthediversityofmanyspecies.Fear,asitturnsout,isanessentialpartofhealthyecosystemsandhelpskeepbiodiversity.(恐惊的自然表达会影响生态群落的结构，而捕食者的消逝会变更整个生态系统。为了限制被捕食的风险，动物会变更它们的活动模式、栖息地选择和饮食。对捕食者的恐惊也会降低个体的繁殖胜利率。全部这些恐惊驱动的变更对环境和很多物种的多样性都有很大的影响。事实证明，恐惊是健康生态系统的重要组成部分，有助于保持生物多样性)”可知，第三段的主要内容是恐惊对生态系统的影响。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据最终一段“Fearisanaturalemotion,andthatit’simpossibletocompletelyavoidit.Itiscomfortingtoknowthatfearcomesfromalonglineofancestors,bothhumanandnonhuman.Itisacompass(指南针)that,whenusedIproperly,guidesusawayfromdangerandtowardopportunity.(恐惊是一种自然的心情，不行能完全避开它。令人欣慰的是，恐惊来自人类和非人类的悠久祖先。它是一个指南针，假如运用得当，可以指引我们远离紧急，走向机遇)”结合文章主要说明白人类和其他物种都有恐惊的情感，说明白恐惊是如何帮助动物在野外评估和管理捕食风险的以及恐惊对于人类社会的作用和影响。可知，A选项“来自我们久远过去的恐惊”最符合文章标题。故选A。其次节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Today,we’reconstantlyinterruptedbytools,emails,socialmedia-younameit.Inourdistractioneconomy,it’snearlyimpossibletofocusonwhattrulymatters.Buttimemanagementcanbringmoremindfulnessintoyourdailyroutine.___16___TimeboxingTimeboxingisagoal-oriented(面对目标的)timemanagementstrategy.___17___Andthencompletethosepiecesinareasonableamountoftime.Eachtaskshouldhaveitsownuniquetimeboxthatlastsnomorethanthreehours.Bybreakingtheworkintosmallerpieces,youcanmakesteadyprogresstowardsyourgoaloverthecourseofdaysorweeks.PomodoromethodThePomodoromethodhelpsyoudealwithworkwithinshorttimeframesandthentakebreaks.Thisstrategyisparticularlyhelpfulbecauseitactivelyencouragesregularbreaks.___18___Startbysettingyourtimerfor25minutes,andtrytospendthattimeworkingonatask-avoidcheckingyourtextmessagesorsocialmediaifpossible.Then,oncetimeisup,takeafive-minutebreak.EatingtheFrogMarkTwainfamouslysaid“Ifit’syourjobtoeatafrog,it’sbesttodoitfirstthinginthemorning.”___19___Itencouragesyoutotacklebigorcomplextasksfirstbeforeworkingonyourlessimportantorlessurgentwork.WiththeEattheFrogmethod,youcanensureyou’regettingtoyourmostimportantworkeveryday.GettingThingsDone____20____Byfreeingupbrainpowerandinsteadrelyingontaskmanagementtools,youcanfocusontakingactionandnotrememberingwhatyouneedtodo.TousetheGTDmethod,captureallofyourupcomingworkinoneplace.Thenonceyou’vewrittendowneverythingyouneedtodo,sortandprioritize(优先)yourwork.A.Ithelpsyoubreakdownlargetasksintosmallerpieces.B.Thefirststepistowritedowneverythingyouneedtodo.C.Thismanagementstrategytakesinspirationfromthisquote.D.Herearesometimemanagementtipstogetmorethingsdone.E.Timemanagementisn’talwaysaboutgettingallofyourworkdone.F.Thiscanincreasemotivationforyouknowexactlywhatyou’redoing.G.Infact,researchsuggeststhattakingbreaksmakespeoplemorecreative.【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.C20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些时间管理的技巧，帮助完成更多的事情。【16题详解】分析语篇可知，此处应为承上启下的句子，依据空前的“Buttimemanagementcanbringmoremindfulnessintoyourdailyroutine.(但是时间管理可以给你的日常生活带来更多的专注。)”可知，时间管理可以给日常生活带来更多的关注，结合下文中的“Timeboxing”以及“Pomodoromethod”可知，下文中讲解并描述的是一些与时间关系相关的方法技巧，由此可推断，此空应为引出下文中的有关时间管理的方法的内容，D选项“Herearesometimemanagementtipstogetmorethingsdone.(这里有一些时间管理技巧，可以让你完成更多的事情。)”讲解并描述的内容承接了上文中的时间管理，且引出下文中的介绍技巧，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选D项。【17题详解】依据空后的“Andthencompletethosepiecesinareasonableamountoftime.Eachtaskshouldhaveitsownuniquetimeboxthatlastsnomorethanthreehours.(然后在合理的时间内完成这些小任务。每个任务都应当有自己独特的时间限制，时间不超过三个小时。)”可知，此处讲解并描述的是把一个大的任务分解成多个小任务去完成的管理时间的方法，A选项“Ithelpsyoubreakdownlargetasksintosmallerpieces.(它可以帮助你把大任务分解成小任务。)”讲解并描述的内容与空后的pieces内容一样，对空前的“Timeboxingisagoal-oriented(面对目标的)timemanagementstrategy.(限制时间是一种目标导向的时间管理策略。)”作进一步的说明，其中的it指代的内容与空前的Timeboxing一样。故选A项。【18题详解】依据空前的“Thisstrategyisparticularlyhelpfulbecauseitactivelyencouragesregularbreaks.(这个策略特别有用，因为它主动激励定期休息。)”可知，番茄钟策略主动激励定期休息，G选项“Infact,researchsuggeststhattakingbreaksmakespeoplemorecreative.(事实上，探讨表明休息能让人更有创建力)”与本段讲解并描述的时间管理技巧内容一样，其中的takingbreaks为解题关键信息。故选G项。【19题详解】依据空前的“MarkTwainfamouslysaid,“Ifit’syourjobtoeatafrog,it’sbesttodoitfirstthinginthemorning.”(马克·吐温曾说过一句名言:“假如你的工作是吃掉一只青蛙，那你最好在早上第一件事就去做。”)”可知，此处提到了马克·吐温的名言，结合空后的“Itencouragesyoutotacklebigorcomplextasksfirstbeforeworkingonyourlessimportantorlessurgentwork.(它激励你先处理大的或困难的任务，然后再处理不那么重要或不那么紧急的工作。)”可知，这种策略是须要先处理大而困难的任务，由此可推断，此空应涉及到这句名言与时间管理策略之间的关系，C选项“Thismanagementstrategytakesinspirationfromthisquote.(这个管理策略的灵感来自这句话。)”中的thisquote指的是空前马克·吐温的名言，且与下文中的内容连接。故选C项。【20题详解】依据空后的“Byfreeingupbrainpowerandinsteadrelyingontaskmanagementtools,youcanfocusontakingactionandnotrememberingwhatyouneedtodo.(通过释放脑力，而不是依靠于任务管理工具，你可以专注于实行行动，而不是记住你须要做什么。)”可知，此策略是要释放脑力，但不是依靠管理工具，B选项“Thefirststepistowritedowneverythingyouneedtodo.(第一步是写下你须要做的每件事。)”与本段讲解并描述的释放脑力这一管理策略的方法吻合，且下文“Thenonceyou’vewrittendowneverythingyouneedtodo,sortandprioritize(优先)yourwork.(一旦你写下了全部你须要做的事情，对你的工作进行分类和排序。)”中的“onceyou’vewrittendown”相呼应。故选B项。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.Theydidn’tseemto___21___meuntilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey___22___disappearedintothenearbybushes.Iwasquiteexcitedbythe___23___oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard．Afewweekslater,thebirds___24___.Ifoundthemcrouching(蹲伏)besideatree.AsIapproachedthem,they___25___theirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶哑地叫)sound.Ididn’tknowwhytheywerecroakingatmeuntilashorttimelaterImadeanamazing___26___:thereweretwosmallbirds___27___aroundhappily.AsIinchedtowardsthebirds,___28___nottomakesuddenmovements,theystartedtheircroakingagain,puttingtheirnecksforwardsotheyseemed___29___andmorethreatening.Themotherputthebabybirdsunderherwingsandcarefullycroucheddownoverthemsoherbabieswerewell____30____.IwaswatchingthemwithrespectwhenIsuddenly____31____andfelltotheground.Themothertookthisasa/an____32____andthefatherracedtowardsme,____33____hiswingstoprotectthemotherandthebabybirds.Ifeltsorrytohavedisturbedthemandleftquickly.Iamamazedbytheir____34____actions.Theirparentallovemadethemsocourageous.Itishardnottoshow____35____fornature.21.A.remind B.confirm C.notice D.protest22A.immediately B.familiarly C.creatively D.slowly23.A.feeling B.sense C.opinion D.idea24.A.investigated B.removed C.gathered D.reappeared25.A.stuckout B.putdown C.hangout D.turnedaround26.A.collection B.discovery C.conclusion D.mission27.A.jumping B.fighting C.seeking D.marching28.A.curious B.patient C.worried D.careful29.A.neater B.simpler C.longer D.stronger30.A.fed B.hidden C.raised D.identified31.A.tripped B.moved C.alarmed D.responded32.A.target B.defence C.threat D.escape.33.A.shooting B.spilling C.folding D.spreading34.A.military B.individual C.brave D.average35A.gratitude B.respect C.emotion D.pleasure【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.D25.A26.B27.A28.D29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲解并描述了作者在家门口发觉筑巢的小鸟，并感叹鸟父母疼惜孩子的本能，体会到敬畏大自然的道理。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们好