广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题

汕头市2023-2024学年度普通高中教学质量监测高一英语本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分。注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。试题序号从“21”开始。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWildTimesInTheLoneStarStateWhetheryouareenjoyingtheatmosphereinold-timetowns,hikingintountouchedwildernessorpreparingforhorsebackadventures,theplains,grasslandsandvalleysofTexasmakeforanastonishingjourney.Thisisalandrichinnaturalwonders—readontodiscoverhowyoucouldabsorbyourselfinalittleauthenticwesternculture.HikeANaturalWonderLocatedintheTexas,PaloDuroisthesecondlargestcanyon（峡谷）inNorthAmerica,droppingmorethan240metres.ThehighlightofalongwalkinthisroughbutbeautifulregionistoclimbtotheLighthouse,asandstonerockstructure.Fromhere,youwillbeamazedattheviewacrossmilesofdramaticTexaswilderness.EnjoyAnEnchantedDuskShapedlikealarge,pinkloafofbread,theEnchantedRockstands130mhighatthetop.Hikeuptoitssummitbeforesunsettotakeintheviewacrosstheunevenlandbelow—andlistencarefully:asnightfalls,youmightjustheartherockstarttomakeascreechingnoise,justastheoldlegendsinsistitdoesatdusk.MeetTheRealCowboysFortWorth,asTexanswilltellyou,isknownasCowtown.Everymorningandafternoon,aherdoflonghornsmovesalongExchangeAvenueintheworld’sonlydailycattledrive.Thecowsareheadingtothestockyards.Thisenergeticdistrictisfullofexcitingbarsandrestaurantssetamonggrandearly20th-centurybuildings.ExploreTheDepthsPreviouslyonlyaccessibletoexperiencedexplorers,asectionoftheNaturalBridgeCaverns—ahugecavesystemnearSanAntonio—hasnowbeenopenedtoallcomers.ItincludesanewviewingareaoverlookingapassagecalledtheBoxCanyon,whichprovidesanaturaltheatreforasoundandlightshow.21．WhatisTexasabundantin?A．Naturalattractions. B．Oldlegends. C．Grandbuildings. D．Ancienttowns.22．Whichplaceisrecommendedtoenjoythesunsetscenery?A．PaloDuro. B．TheEnchantedRock.C．FortWorth. D．TheNaturalBridgeCaverns.23．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutTexasfromthetext?A．TheBoxCanyonisatheatreforperformerstoputonshows.B．InFortWorth,cowboysdrivecattletothebarsandrestaurantseveryday.C．TouristscanoverlooktheTexaswildernessintheNaturalBridgeCaverns.D．ClimbingtotheLighthouseisthemostattractivepartofthehikeinPaloDuro.BWhenIwasinseniorhighschool,Iwasscaredofwritingapplicationletters.Oneofmybiggestfearswasthefearofrejection.KeepingmyselfinasafespaceanddoingthingsthatIknowIcanperformwellwasmyfavoritepastime.ButIknewIhadtomakeachange,soItriedtoapplyforthecollegemyself.WhenIreceivedthefirstreplyletter,Iwastakingaclassthen.MyheartwasbeatingwildlywhileIwaitedfortheschoolinternettoconnectfaster.WhenIsawtheletterstartingwith“Thankyouforyourapplication.Afteracarefulreview…”,Ifeltmyfacegrowinghotter.AlthoughitwasacollegeIwasnotthinkingofgoingtoevenifIdidgetin,Iwasheart-broken.Thisfearisapplicableanywhereelse:thefearofhavingyourprojectsorideasrejectedoreventhefearofbeingrejectedfromyourfriendgroup,tonamebutafew.IcannottellyouhowmanytimesIpasseduptheopportunitybecauseIalwaysthoughttherewerebetterapplicantsoutthere,andforthisreason,Imissedoutonsomanyopportunitiestogrow.Evennowadays,whenIgetarejectionletterfromascholarshipapplication,Ihavethesameimmediatereaction,nomatterhowmanyrejectionsI’vegonethrough.Buttheaftermath（创伤）doesgeteasier.EverytimeIamrejected,Iamabletobouncebackandhandinanotherapplicationmorequickly.Alongthejourneyofrejections,IrealizethatIamnotincompetent,butthateveryoneelsemaybemorecapable.Andthatisokay.Thisfearwillnevertrulygoaway.I’mstillterrifiedtowriteandpublishmyarticles.ButitisthrillingtoknowthatIwritewhatIwanttosay,exploremymindandlearnmoreaboutmyself.Uncertaintyisscary,butwithoutexperiencingthescariness,wewouldnevergrow,wouldwe?24．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sapplyingforthecollege?A．Heknewhecouldperformitwell. B．Hesteppedoutofhiscomfortzone.C．Hewasunwillingtomakeachange. D．Hecouldn’twriteapplicationletters.25．Whatcausedtheauthortogiveupsomanychancestogrow?A．Hisdiscontentatthechances. B．Hisinneruncertaintyabouthimself.C．Hispoorabilitytotakeupthetask. D．Hispreviousexperiencesofbeingrejected.26．Howdoestheauthorrespondtobeingrejectednowadays?A．Hestruggleswithself-doubt. B．Hedoesn’tfeelscaredanylonger.C．Hemakesfasteradjustments. D．Hefeelsdisappointedanddesperate.27．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Relieveyourselfoffear. B．Bravethefearofrejection.C．Rejectsayingnotoyourself. D．Seizetheopportunitytogrow.CFor32years,BrendaRichardsonhasprovidednutrition（营养）servicestoadiversegroupofpeopleaged50andolder.Herjourneybeganincollegewhenshetookanutritioncoursethatlitupherpassiontobecomearegisterednutritionist.Afterearninganundergraduatedegreeindietetics（膳食营养学）andinstitutionadministration,RichardsonwasselectedtopracticeatWalterReedArmyMedicalCenterinWashington,D.C..Later,sheworkedatseveralmilitaryemergencyfacilitiesandthenbecamethehospitalchiefofclinicaldietetics.Shealsoleftactivedutytoworkasafoodbuyerandnutritioneducatorforschools.“Iamexcitedtoseetherealimpactthatfood,nutritionanddiningcanhaveonthepreventionandmanagementofmalnutritionandthequalityoflifeforeachkid.”sherecalled.In1987,Richardsonwasofferedaroleservingadifferentpopulationinlong-termcare.Shewasnotonlyaconsultantforindependentliving,assistedlivingandnursingfacilities,butalsoworkedwithfoodproducersanddistributorstodevelopdietarysupplementproductsforseniors.Additionally,shevolunteeredwithsomeorganizations,wheresheprovidededucationandtrainingfortheirmemberstoservetheelderly.“WhileIenjoyworkinginemergencycareandschools,Ipreferworkingwithmycolleaguestoprovethevalueofnutritionforhealthyaging,”shesaid.“Itissorewardingtoseeimprovementsinperson-centeredcare,thepreventionandmanagementofmalnutritionandotherdiseases,andthepositiveimpactnutritiononindividuals’dailylives.”In2019,afterbeingnominatedbytheHealthCareCommunityDieteticsPracticeGroupandIndianaAcademyofNutrition,RichardsonreceivedtheLennaFrancesCooperMemorialLectureAward.“ThisisagreathonorthatrepresentsCooper’sheritageandleadershipinthefieldofnutritionanddietetics,”shesaid.“Herheritagehasenabledmetoimprovemylifethroughevidence-basednutrition.Iamhonoredandhumble.”28．WhatmotivatedRichardsontobearegistereddietitianatfirst?A．Herdutyforschools. B．Herjourneytoacollege.C．Herserviceforseniors. D．Herattendanceinanutritioncourse.29．WhatisRichardson’sspecialcontributionasadietitian?A．Sheservedasanutritionconsultantforschools.B．Shebecamedirectorofclinicalnutritionatthehospital.C．Shevolunteeredwithherfellowstopreventdiseasesforeachkid.D．Shedevotedherselftoservingtheagingpopulationthroughfoodandnutrition.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nominated”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Appointed. B．Named. C．Proposed. D．Distributed.31．Whereisthisarticleprobablytakenfrom?A．Ahealthmagazine. B．Aseniorservicewebsite.C．Anutritioncookbook. D．Aneducationnewspaper.DIfyou’veevercookedacomplexmealwithsomeone,youknowthelevelofcooperationrequired.Americanresearchersrecentlyshowedthatinavirtualkitchen,artificialintelligence（AI）learnedhowtocooperatewithahumanjustbywatchinghumansworktogether.TherearesomewaysresearchershavealreadytrainedAItoworkwithpeople.Manyapproachesinvolvereinforcementlearning,whereanAIinteractswithanenvironmentonline—whichcanincludeotherAIsorhumans—andisrewardedformakingdecisionsthatleadtodesiredoutcomes.GoogleDeepMind’sprogramAlphaGo,forexample,learnedtheboardgameGousingreinforcementlearning.ButstartingtraininganAIfromzerotointeractwithpeoplethroughcompletetrialanderrorcanwastealotoftimeandcanberisky.AnotherchoiceistotrainoneAItomodelhumanbehavior,andthenusethatasatirelesshumanreplacementforanotherAItolearntointeractwith.Researchershaveusedthismethodinasimplegame.Butrepeatinghumanbehaviorinmorecomplexsettingscanbedifficult.Thusinthestudy,researchersusedofflinereinforcementlearning—amethodfordevelopingstrategiesbyanalyzingrecordedbehaviorratherthanthroughreal-timeinteraction.Previously,offlinereinforcementlearninghadbeenusedmostlytohelpvirtualrobotsmoveortohelpAIssolvemazes（迷宫）,buthereitwasappliedtothetrickyproblemofworkingwithhumans.Insteadoflearningbyinteractingwithpeople,thisAIlearnedbywatchinghumaninteractions.“TheresearchworkintroducesawayforAItolearntoteamupwithhumans,withoutevenpracticingwithus.Itcouldhelpimprovehuman-AIinteractions.”saysNikolaidis,directorofalab.Inthefuture,humanswillincreasinglyworkwithAI,bothonlineandinthephysicalworld.Sometimeswe’llwantanAItosilentlyguideourchoicesandstrategies,likeagoodteammatewhoknowsourweaknesses.“Itsolvesanimportantproblem—howAIcanlearntoworkwithpeople,”saysNikolaidis.32．Whatisthefunctionofreinforcementlearninginthepassage?A．It’showAIlearnedtoworkwithpeople.B．It’showresearchershelpedAIlearncooking.C．It’showGoogleDeepMinddevelopedAlphaGo.D．It’showAIgotrewardsformakingcorrectchoices.33．Whatistheadvantageofofflinereinforcementlearning?A．Itreliesonreal-timeinteraction. B．IthelpsAIlearnbyinteractingwithpeople.C．Ittakeslesstimeandhaslessdanger. D．Itisrealizedthroughmistakesandcorrections.34．WhatisAIexpectedtodointhefuture?A．Tocookacomplexmealonitsown. B．Topointoutourweaknessesdirectly.C．Tooffervoicelessguidancesometimes. D．Tosolvedifficultproblemsforhumans.35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．AIlearnscooperationbypractising. B．AIlearnscookingfromhumans.C．AIlearnscookingwithouthumans’help. D．AIlearnsteamworkbywatchinghumans.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoWorkWithDifferentCulturesWorkingeffectivelywithdifferentculturesisanecessaryskillforanyoneinaculturallydiverseworkenvironment.Culturalvariationsintheworkplacemayrangefromsimpleregionaldifferences,suchasvaryingdialects,todifferentperspectivesontimeliness,productivity,andcommunication.36Beawareofyourwordsandactions.Whatseemsappropriatetoyoumaynotbeaculturalstandardtoanotherperson.Beforeyougivesomeoneatworkahighfiveorapatontheback,takeamomenttoconsideryouractions.Basedonwhatyouknowaboutthatculture,istouchingintheworkplaceappropriate?37Iswhatyou’reabouttosaypossiblyrude?Ifso,figureoutawaytorephrase.Practicepatience.Itmaytakeawhileforyoutogetusedtoworkingwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Don’tworry,that’snormal.Trynottogetangryifcommunicationtakesalittleextraeffortatfirst.Forexample,maybeyouarenowworkingwithsomeonewhosefirstlanguageisnotyourmothertongue.Inthiscase,theymightnotunderstandyourpoint.38Trysaying,“Ok,IcanseeI’mnotmakingmyselfclear.HowcanIhelpusgetonthesamepage?”Lookatissuesfromadifferentperspective.Don’tassumethatyouarealllookingattheissuefromthesameangle.It’spossiblethatyoumightthinkyou’reworkingwiththesamegoalsinmind,butthatyouhaveadifferentunderstandingoftheprocessoroutcomes.39Lookingatanissuefromanotherperspectivecanhelpyoufindsolutionsthatyoumightnothaveconsidered.40Butifyouputyourselfintherightframeofmind,youwilllikelyfinditarewardingexperiencedespitesomechallenges.A．Animportantstrategyisaskingquestions.B．Agoodruleistoconsideryourwordsbeforeyouspeak.C．Learningtocommunicatebetterhelpsyouworkwithpeople.D．Therearesuggestionsforyoutoworkwithdifferentcultures.E．Oncesomeoneexplainstheirviewpoint,takesometimetoreflect.F．Insteadofgettingimpatient,trytotreatitasalearningexperience.G．Ifyou’veneverworkedwithdifferentculturesbefore,itcanbedifficult.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。Six-year-oldCecilyhadtogothroughbrain-canceroperationsandMagneticResonanceImaging（MRI,核磁共振）scans.However,shecouldn’ttakeherfavourite41withherintothemagneticmachinebecausetheyhadmetalinthem.Cecilyandhermumgot42.Theytriedmakingaspecialdoll,usingMRI-safematerials,thatcouldstaywithCecilyinMRIscans.Inspiredtocreatethesedollsforothersickkids,she43sometochildren’shospitalsandsoldotherstoraisefunds.Duetohigh44,theyneededotherdollmakerstoworkwiththem.Soon,dollmakersworldwidealsobegan45,sendingtheirhandmadedollstosupportthe46.Cecily’sinterest47.Shebegansellinghandmadeclothingpatches（补丁）andjoininginfundraisingeventsforvariouscharities.Includinggiftdonations,Cecilyhas48$200,000sofar.SoonCecily’s49caughttheattentionofafamoushockeyplayerEvanderKane,whometherwhenhewasrecoveringfrominjuries.“She’sjustsucha/an50girlbecausewhileshe’sgoingthroughallthesethings,shedoessomuchtogiveback,”Kanesaid.Kanegaveherasportsshirtwithhissignature,and51shegavehimapatchthatread,“Scarsaretattooswithbetterstories.”Sincetheymet,Kanehashadhisyoungfriend’s52indifferentways,like53CecilytosomeofherMRIscans.TodayCecilycallsherselfabraincancer54,butsheisstillfollowedcloselybyherdoctors.Whenaskedforadviceonsuccessfulfundraising,shesaid,“Youdon’tget55bygivingbecauseyoualwaysgetsomethingback,onewayoranother.”41．A．gifts B．pets C．dolls D．clothes42．A．upset B．creative C．thrilled D．ready43．A．donated B．lent C．applied D．requested44．A．profit B．desire C．demand D．level45．A．competing B．considering C．comparing D．contributing46．A．cause B．effect C．company D．hospital47．A．faded B．grew C．disappeared D．remained48．A．earned B．kept C．raised D．harvested49．A．patience B．curiosity C．honesty D．generosity50．A．amazing B．fortunate C．healthy D．pretty51．A．onoccasion B．bychance C．inexchange D．atease52．A．time B．back C．attention D．day53．A．appointing B．accompanying C．seeking D．adapting54．A．nurse B．patient C．victim D．survivor55．A．rich B．successful C．lost D．poor第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThelanternfairinZigong,SouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince,whichhas56historyofmorethan1,000years,isonceagainattractingvisitorswithits57（beautiful）decoratedlanterns.Visitors58prefertraditionallanternscanfindlanternswithflowers,birdsandlandscapes.Gaininggreat59（popular）amongyoungpeople,uptonowthisyear’sshow60（receive）morethan3,000children’sartworksfromaroundtheworld.Someoftheartpieceswereturnedintolanternsbyskilledartisans.Inadditiontothecraftmanship,modern61（technology）suchas3Dprintingandartificialintelligencewerealsoused62（make）thelanternsmorevividandelegant.Besides,thelanternshowhadtheconceptofenvironmentalprotection.Forexample,adragonlantern63（measure）over200meterslongwasmadebytyingtogethersome200,000discarded（废弃的）waterbottles.ThelanternshowwillrununtilJuly30．Thesetsoflanternswillbeupdatedtokeepup64othertraditionalChinesefestivals,liketheDragonBoatFestival.VisitorscanalsoenjoyfolkartsandChinesemusicperformancesduring65（they）lantern-viewingtours.第三部分词汇基础与写作（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共10小题；每空一词1分，满分10分）根据句意及所给汉语提示，拼写出该单词的恰当形式，并把答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。66．Jackfeltscaredofthesurroundings,but_______（好奇心）gotthebetterofhim.67．Theathletemadeevery_______（努力）towintherace.68．_______（相比较）withtraditionalbooks,e-booksaremoreenvironmentally-friendly.69．Thetableisspecially_______（预定）foryou.70．The_______（满足）ofhelpingothersisoneofthemostrewardingaspectsofvolunteering.71．Receivingtheir_______（祝贺）mademehappy.72．Hespenttheevening_______（反思）ontheeventsoftheday.73．Thetouristboughtalocalartworkasa_______（纪念品）.74．Theresearchteambegananin-depth_______（分析）ofthedataonclimatechange.75．Aftercollege,shedecidedto_______（追求）acareerinmarketing.第二节（满分15分）假如你是李华，学