2024年山东省临沂市中考英语真题（解析版）

PAGE1试卷类型：A2024年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题英语注意事项：1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。试题卷1至10页，答题卡1至3页。总分100分，考试时间120分钟。2.答卷前考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置。考生须在答题卡规定的区域内答题，在试题卷上答题不得分。选择题须用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写。3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。试题卷一、听力（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分）（一）听对话，选择与对话内容相对应的图片。每组对话读两遍。答案:1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________（二）听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。6.WhereisTom'sEnglishteacherfrom?A.England.B.Australia.C.America.7.WhatclubdoBobandKatewanttojoin?A.Thechessclub.B.Theartclub.C.Themusicclub.8.Howmanystudentswonthefirstprizeinthecompetition?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.9.HowwillAlanlearnEnglish?A.Bystudyinggrammar.B.Byreadingthetextsaloud.C.BywatchingEnglishmovies.10.WhatdoesMissYangdo?A.Adoctor.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。11.It'sthebiggestandnewestmallinourcity.12.Children'stoysandclothesareonthefirstfloor.13.Blacktrousersformenareonly9dollars.14.Youcaneatdumplingsonthefourthfloor.15.Thecinemahasthebiggestscreensinourcity.（四）听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。注意：请将答案填写在答题卡指定区域。16.Whenisthebookreportdue?Thebookreportisduenext_____________.17.WhatdoesPeterthinkoftheMonkeyKing?Heisverybraveand_____________.18.WheredoesPeteradviseMarytogo?HeadvisesMarytogotothe_____________.19.WhathappenedtoJack?Heplayed_____________andhurthimselfyesterday.20.WhatwillPeterandMarydo?Theywillgotothehospitalto_____________Jackfirst.二、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题1.5分，计30分）（一）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。ASouthAfricanSafari8:00p.m.StartandendinJohannesburg7:30p.m.SaturdayTrekinCanadaWeleavetheairportat10:00p.m.StartandendinTorontoDinner:6:30p.m.Party:FridayeveningSurfinginSpanishseasFlightleavesat5:30a.m.StartandendinBarcelonaDinnerisat6:00p.m.everyday.ThereisapartyeverySaturdayatthehotel.1.Inwhichtripcanyouseegiraffes?A.SouthAfricanSafari. B.TrekinCanada. C.SurfinginSpanishseas.2.Inthetrip“TrekinCanada”,whattimedoyouleavetheairport?A.At5:30a.m. B.At8:00p.m. C.At10:00p.m.3.Whatcanyoudointhetrip“SurfinginSpanishseas”?A.Havedinnerat7:30p.m. B.GotoapartyonFriday. C.Gosurfing.4.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Asciencereport. B.Atravelguide. C.Arestaurantmenu.【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了三个旅行地，包括时间、出行、活动等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SouthAfricanSafari中的图片可知，在南非野生动物园可以看到长颈鹿。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TrekinCanada中“Weleavetheairportat10:00p.m.”可知，晚上10点离开机场。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SurfinginSpanishseas中的图片可知，在西班牙海域可以冲浪。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍了南非野生动物园、加拿大之旅以及在西班牙海域冲浪，故文章来自旅游指南。故选B。BTherewasaverymeanmannamedMr.Blackwholivedonthesixthfloorofanapartmentbuilding.HewassoimpolitetohisneighborsthatnooneevenknewhisfirstnamewasAdam.Heneversaidhellotoanyone,andhelefthisrubbishoutinthehallway.Healwayscomplained(抱怨)aboutallhisneighborsandthenoisetheymade.Heevengotupsetwhenthecouplewholivednextdoortohim,CatherineandDavid,hadababy.Insteadofsayingcongratulations,heloudlycomplainedabouthowthebabywouldsurelycryallnight.Onedaywhenhewasleavinghisapartment,Mr.Blacksawthathisrubbishwasgone.Initsplace,hefoundanotefromDavid.“Goodmorning,Mr.Black.Isawyourrubbishhere,andsinceIwasonmywayout,Ipickeditupforyou.Iwantedtosaveyouatrip.Haveaniceday,David.”However,Mr.Blackdecidedtoignorethisactofkindness.Hebeganthinkingabouttheterribletraffichewouldsurelyhavetodealwithonhiswaytowork.Butastimewenton,Mr.Blackstartedtofeelalittlesilly.Nomatterhowimpolitehewas,thecouplealwayssmiledathimandpolitelysaidhello.Itbecameharderandharderforhimnottosimplysayhelloback.Afterafewweeks,Mr.Blackwasalwayshappytoseethecoupleinthehall.TheyevenstartedcallinghimAdam.Lateron,theyinvitedMr.Blackintotheirapartmentforacupofcoffee.Mr.Blackwasverygladthattheytreatedhimnicely.Hewassoupsetaboutitthathehadbeenimpolitetoeveryoneheknew.Herealizedthatheshouldtrytodothesamewiththepeoplehemet.5.WhichwordcanbestdescribeMr.BlackaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Serious. B.Unfriendly. C.Strict.6.WhotookouttherubbishforMr.Black?A.Adam. B.Catherine. C.David.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignore”inParagraph2mean?A.Paynoattentionto. B.Saythanksto. C.Stickto.8.WhatdidMr.Blackrealizefinally?A.Heshouldsaysorrytohisneighborsinthebuilding.B.Heshouldtreatothersashewouldliketobetreated.C.Heshouldthankallthepeoplewhoeverhelpedhim.【答案】5.B6.C7.A8.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个名叫布莱克的人对邻居非常不友好，但是他的邻居对他始终保持友好，最后他意识到应该像他们一样对待他人。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“TherewasaverymeanmannamedMr.Black…Hewassoimpolitetohisneighbors…Healwayscomplained(抱怨)aboutallhisneighbors…”可知，布莱克对邻居非常不友好，他从不和任何人打招呼，他总是抱怨他的邻居和他们制造的噪音，所以推知布莱克非常不友好。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“Initsplace,hefoundanotefromDavid.”及“Goodmorning,Mr.Black.Isawyourrubbishhere,andsinceIwasonmywayout,Ipickeditupforyou.”可知，纸条是大卫写的，大卫看到了布莱克的垃圾，于是帮布莱克拿走了垃圾。故选C。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“Hebeganthinkingabouttheterribletraffichewouldsurelyhavetodealwithonhiswaytowork.”可知，布莱克看到大卫留的纸条，知道是大卫帮自己拿走了垃圾，但是他并为此作出感谢，而是考虑上班路上的交通情况。划线部分单词意为“忽视”，即布莱克将大卫的善举置之不理。故选A。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据“Mr.Blackwasverygladthattheytreatedhimnicely.…Herealizedthatheshouldtrytodothesamewiththepeoplehemet.”可知，布莱克很高兴邻居对他的友好对待，他意识到他应该像他们一样对待他遇到的人。故选B。CItcanbereallyembarrassedifsomeoneseesyoutalkingtoyourself.Butdon’tfeelbadaboutit!Talkingtoyourselfactuallyhasalotofadvantages.Youprobablyknowthatthinkingisgoodforthebrain.Ithelpsusdothingslikemakingplansandmanagingourfeelings.Talkingtoyourselfloudislikeshowingthisquietinner(内在的)speech.Itcanhelpusdobetterindifferentareaslikeschool,sportsandwork.Talkingtoyourself,especiallyinthethirdperson,canhelpusmanagebadfeelings.“Talkingtoyourselfinthethirdpersonislikegivingyourselfadvice,”saidJasonMoser,aprofessor(教授)fromMichiganStateUniversity,US.Moseruseshimselfinanexample.Hedoesnotlikeflying,buthehastoflyoftenforhiswork.Sowhenheisfeelingnervousorafraidduringaflight(航班),hetalkstohimself.“Well,youknow,Jasonknowsairtravelisverysafe.AndJasonhasbeenonthousandsofflights.”Thiscanhelpustoseethingsfromadifferentaspect(角度),especiallywhenwe’refeelingsadorangry.Whenencouragementcomesfromoneself,itaddstoself-confidence.Astudyinvited72tennisplayerstotakepartinsomematches.Researchers(调查者)puttheplayersintotwogroups:onegroupthatsaidnothingwhileplaying,andtheotherthattalkedtothemselveswhileplaying.Theyfoundthattheself-talkersshowedmoreconfidenceandplayedbetterthanthoseinthesilentgroup.Self-talkalsohelpstoimprovememory.Researcherstestedfourdifferentwaystomemorizethings:readingsilently,readingaloud,listeningtosomeoneelsereadandlisteningtoarecordingofoneselfreading.Thosewhoreadoutloudrecalledtheinformationthebest,researcherssaidintheirstudy.It’sbecausetheinformationwillprobablybecomealong-termmemoryifitissaidoutloud.9Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”referto(指代)inParagraph2?A.Talkingtoyourself. B.Thebrain. C.Thinking.10.HowdoesthewritershowhisopinioninParagraph3?A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Bygivinganexample. C.Bycomparinghimselfwithothers.11.What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Talkingtoyourselfhelpstofindoutthebestplayers.B.Talkingtoyourselfhelpstoimproveplayers’talkingskills.C.Talkingtoyourselfhelpstomakeyoumoreconfident.12.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructure(结构)ofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)A. B. C.【答案】9.A10.B11.C12.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章介绍了自言自语的好处。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据“Talkingtoyourselfloudislikeshowingthisquietinner(内在的)speech.Itcanhelpusdobetterindifferentareaslikeschool,sportsandwork.”可知，大声对自己说话就像展示自己的内心语言，可以帮助我们在学校、运动和工作等不同领域做得更好。故划线部分It指代上文提到的Talkingtoyourself。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据“Talkingtoyourself,especiallyinthethirdperson,canhelpusmanagebadfeelings.”可知，第三段主要介绍自言自语可以帮助我们控制不好的感觉。文章以美国密歇根州立大学教授杰森个人乘坐飞机的经历论证了这一观点。故文章第三段通过举例子的方式论证观点。故选B。【11题详解】段落大意题。根据“Whenencouragementcomesfromoneself,itaddstoself-confidence.”可知，文章第四段主要介绍了自言自语可以帮助提高自信。故选C。【12题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起全文，表明文章主题：自言自语有很多好处；文章第二段总体介绍了自言自语的概念，进一步表明它的好处；文章第三、四、五段分别从三个方面具体阐述自言自语的好处，故文章正确的结构如图A所示。故选A。DOnApril18eachyear,peopleallovertheworldcelebratetheInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites(国际古迹遗址日).InChina,youngpeoplearerealizingtheimportanceoftheirhistoryandculture.ManyaredoingtheirbesttoprotectChineseculturalsitesandtrytopromote(推广)them.Findingnewartifacts(文物)XuDanyang,a29-year-oldarchaeologist(考古学家),foundanamazingbronzestatue(青铜像)attheSanxingduisiteinSichuan.In2021,hedugoutthisstatue.Inthebeginning,histeamthoughtitwasabird.Butastheycontinuedthedigging,theyhadasurprise.Itturnedout(结果是)tobeastatueofaman,about16cmhigh.Itshowsamankneelingwithhisheadturned,anditsurpriseseveryonewhoseesit.MakingmapsforprotectionWuYunjiewhowasborninthe1990sfoundanewway—bymakingaspecialmaptoshowthebestculturalsitesinChina.WuisnowfamousontheInternet.Hemarkedalmost10,000placeslikeoldtemples,towers,bridgesandhouses.Eachsitewithcolorfulmarksshowedhowspecialandimportanttheyare.Asakid,WulovedgoingtoatempleinhishometowninEzhou,Hubei.However,itwaspulleddownyearsago.HewassadanddecidedtorecordalltheculturalsitesinChina.Hestartedtotravelacrossthecountry.Hevisitsplacesinpersonandaddsthemtohismap,makingsureweallrememberthem.Now,Wuasksforhelpfrompeopleonlinetomakehismapbetterandbetter.Andhehopestosharethisamazingmapwitheveryonewhorespects(尊重)historyandculturesoon.Makingexplanations(解释)funZhangBinisa31-year-oldtourguideatEmperorQinshihuang’sMausoleumSiteMuseuminXi’an,Shaanxi.Heworkstoanswervisitors’questionsaboutthefamousTerracottaWarriorsandsharesallofhisknowledgeaboutthem.ZhangoftenusesthetraditionalChineseperformanceartofxiangshengtoexplainthem.Heisdoingsomethingmeaningfulforthesite.13.HowmanywaysarementionedtoprotectandpromoteChineseculturalsitesinthispassage?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.14.WhywereXuDanyangandhisteamsurprisedatthebronzestatue?A.Becausethestatuewasverybigandscarywithhisheadturned.B.Becausethestatuechangedfromabirdintoakneelingchild.C.Becausethestatuewhichtheythoughtwasabirdturnedouttobeaman.15.WhatdoesWuYunjiedotomakehismapofChineseculturalsites?①Hemarkssitesonhismap.②Hevisitsplacesinperson.③Heasksforhelponline.④Heanswersvisitors’questions.A.①②④ B.①②③ C.②③④16.What'sthebesttitle(标题)forthepassage?A.SpreadingTraditionalChineseArtB.IntroducingChineseCulturalSitesC.RespectingHistorywithAction【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“Findingnewartifacts(文物)”、“Makingmapsforprotection”及“Makingexplanations(解释)fun”可知，文中提到了三种保护和推广中国文化遗址的方式：发掘新的文物，制作保护地图，以及通过有趣的方式进行解释。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“Inthebeginning,histeamthoughtitwasabird.Butastheycontinuedthedigging,theyhadasurprise.Itturnedout(结果是)tobeastatueofaman,about16cmhigh.”可知，徐丹阳和他的团队对青铜像感到惊讶的原因是他们原本以为它是一只鸟，结果却是一个人的雕像。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hemarkedalmost10,000placeslikeoldtemples,towers,bridgesandhouses.”、“Hevisitsplacesinpersonandaddsthemtohismap”及“Now,Wuasksforhelpfrompeopleonlinetomakehismapbetterandbetter.”可知，吴云杰制作中国文化遗址地图的方式包括：在地图上标记遗址，亲自访问这些地方，并在线上寻求帮助。故选B。【16题详解】最佳标题题。通读文章可知，文章主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址，因此RespectingHistorywithAction最能概括文章的主题。故选C。（二）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。EHowtoDevelopGoodStudyHabitsMostteenagersneedtolearnhowtodevelopgoodstudyhabits.Learningeffective(有效的)studymethodscanmakeyoufeellessstressedaboutschoolandimprovegrades.Herearesomeusefulmethods.☆Makeaplanaheadoftime.First,createacalendar.Usealargewallcalendarandwriteallofyourtasksandactivitiesonit.Next,createaweeklyplanner(规划簿).____17____Youshouldmakesuretoincludetimetoworkoneachtaskafewdaysbeforeit’sdue.Then,createadailylist.Thisto-dolisthelpsyoutoknowwhatyoushoulddoadayandseehowmuchprogressyou’remaking.☆Considerstudyenvironment.____18____Maybeyouworkbetteralone.Or,maybeyouliketoworkinagroup.Nomatterwhatplaceyouchoose,whenit’shomeworktime,that’stheenvironmentyoushouldstudyin.☆____19____Itcanbeverydistracting(使分心)tohavetolookforapencilorarulerinthemiddleofstudying.Findaplacewheretheycankeepallyourhomeworkmaterialssoyou’rereadytogo.☆Keepaworrynotepad(便笺).Ifyouareeasilydistractedbyyourownthoughts,aworrynotepadisagoodtoolforyou.Insteadoftryingtodealwithallthedistractingthings,youcanwritethemdownonthenotepad.____20____Goodstudyhabitsdon’talwayscomeeasily.Ittakestimetodevelop.A.Haveallmaterialsonhand.B.Whatgoodstudyhabitsdoyouhave?C.Makeastudyplanforeachweek.D.Doyoustudybetteratschoolorathome?E.Whenyoufinishyourhomework,thenyoucandealwiththethings.【答案】17.C18.D19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文就如何养成良好的学习习惯给出了几个方法。【17题详解】根据“Next,createaweeklyplanner”可知，此处介绍创建一个每周规划簿。故选项C“每周制定一个学习计划。”符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据“Considerstudyenvironment.…Maybeyouworkbetteralone.Or,maybeyouliketoworkinagroup.”可知，此处介绍选择合适的学习地点。故选项D“你在学校学习好还是在家学习好？”符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】根据“Itcanbeverydistracting(使分心)tohavetolookforapencilorarulerinthemiddleofstudying.”可知，此处介绍一件可以让我们在学习过程中分心的事情。故选项A“把所有材料都放在手里。”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据“Insteadoftryingtodealwithallthedistractingthings,youcanwritethemdownonthenotepad.”可知，此处介绍把自己烦恼的事情写在一个便签上，完成作业后再去处理它们。故选项E“当你完成作业后，你就可以处理这些事情了。”符合语境。故选E。三、语言运用（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分）A.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供1—5小题选用，第二个方框供6—10小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。A.dangerousB.dressC.lookafterD.insurpriseE.safeF.appearedSomewheredeepintherainforestsandmountainsofColombiathere’saveryspecialwoman.Youmayneverseeher,butshe’sthereallthesame.Shewearsa____21____madeofleaves.She’sgotnoshoesonherfeetandshehasaringofwildflowersonherhead.HernameisMotherMountain.Herjobisto____22____natureandtheenvironment,andtomakesurethatnooneharmsit.Theanimalsoftherainforestsandmountainsloveher.She’stheirfriend,andtheyknowthatthey’re____23____withher.Onedayamancameintotheforest.Hesawabear.Ashewasgettingreadytocatchitwithanet(网),MotherMountainsuddenly____24____fromnowhereandcaughtthenetinherstronghands.Themanturnedandlookedather____25____.A.importantB.madeasoftnoiseC.beautifulD.meatE.felltothegroundF.fruit“Whyhaveyoucomeintotheforest?”sheasked.“Toget____26____formychildrentoeat,”themansaid.“Youcan’tkillanyanimals,”MotherMountainsaid.Slowlyhergreeneyesturnedredandshesaid,“Theenvironmentis____27____foryouandme!Gettosleepnow.Thenwakeupandsee!”Theman____28____inadeepsleep.ThebeartouchedMotherMountainand____29____.Itseemedtobesaying“Thankyou,MotherMountain.”Themensleptforseveralhours.Thenhewokeupfromhisdeepsleepandlookedround.Hedidn’tseeMotherMountain.Shewasn’tthere.Heonlysawhow_____30_____theforestanditsanimalswere.Hewalkedhomeandpromisednevertohurtananimalagain.【答案】21.B22.C23.E24.F25.D26.D27.A28.E29.B30.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了哥伦比亚雨林和山脉深处的山妈妈保护自然环境的故事。【21题详解】句意：她穿着一件树叶做的衣服。根据“wears”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作宾语，指穿着一件衣服，故dress“衣服”符合语境。故选B。【22题详解】句意：她的工作是照顾自然和环境，并确保没有人伤害它。根据“Herjobisto…natureandtheenvironment”及备选词汇可知，此处是动词不定式作表语，指山妈妈的工作是照顾自然环境。故lookafter“照顾”符合语境。故选C。【23题详解】句意：她是他们的朋友，他们知道和她在一起很安全。根据“andtheyknowthatthey’re…withher.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，指动物们和山妈妈在一起很安全。故safe“安全的”符合语境。故选E。【24题详解】句意：正当他准备撒网时，山妈妈突然不知从哪里冒出来，用她有力的手抓住了网。根据“MotherMountainsuddenly…fromnowhere”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少谓语动词，指山妈妈突然出现。故appeared“出现”符合语境。故选F。【25题详解】句意：那人转过身来，惊讶地看着她。根据“Themanturnedandlookedather…”及备选词汇可知，此处指男人惊讶地看着山妈妈。故insurprise“惊讶地”符合语境。故选D。【26题详解】句意：“为了给我的孩子们弄肉吃，”那人说。根据“Youcan’tkillanyanimals”及备选词汇可知，get后缺少宾语，男人猎杀动物是为了吃肉。故meat“肉”符合语境。故选D。【27题详解】句意：环境对你我都很重要！根据“Theenvironmentis…foryouandme!”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少表语，指环境很重要。故important“重要的”符合语境。故选A。【28题详解】句意：那人昏昏沉沉地倒在地上。根据“Theman…inadeepsleep.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少谓语，指男人倒在了地上。故felltotheground“倒在地上”符合语境。故选E。【29题详解】句意：熊摸了摸山妈妈，发出了柔和的声音。根据“ThebeartouchedMotherMountainand…Itseemedtobesaying”及备选词汇可知，and连接并列成分，此处缺少谓语，指熊发出了声音。故madeasoftnoise“发出柔和的声音”符合语境。故选B。【30题详解】句意：他只看到了森林和里面的动物是多么美丽。根据“Heonlysawhow…theforestanditsanimalswere”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少形容词，指森林和里面的动物很美丽。故beautiful“美丽的”符合语境。故选C。B.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HiAlice,Howareyou?Iwanttotellyouaboutmytriptothecityspacemuseumtwodaysago.Ihaveneverbeentherebefore,soIwas____31____(excite)!IwastakingcareofmylittlesisterandshewasboredsoIsaid,“Wearegoingonan___32___(usual)experience!”Whenwearrived,westartedtoexplore(探索).Thespacemuseumisverylargeandfullofinterestingandexcitingobjects____33____(touch).Thefirstroomyouenterlookslikedeepspace.Thereisinformationaboutdifferentplanetswithaquiz(知识竞赛)attheend.The____34____(win)hasachancetoinventanameforaplanet—that’sexciting,isn’tit?The____35____(two)roomlooksliketheinsideofaspaceship.Youcantouchanastronaut’sspacesuit(宇航服).Itlooksreallyheavy!Idon’tknowhowanastronautcanwearit.Itlooksalittleold.Idon’tknowwhenit____36____(make),either.Andyoucanseewheretheastronautspreparetheirfood.Didyouknowtheyuseaknife,forkandspoontoeat?Ididn’t.Ithoughtitwasallinbags.Wewerelookingattheovenfromthespaceshipwhenmysister____37____(tell)meshewashungry.Sowewenttohaveasnack.Theywerepreparingapizza(比萨饼)intherestaurantandthesmelloffoodalwaysmakesmehungrysowehadapieceofpizza!Itwasdelicious.Whilewe____38____(eat)apizza,theywerebaking(烘焙)biscuits,soweatesome.Don’tworry!Wehaveboughtsome____39____you—youwilllovethem!Theylooklikerocketsandtastelikehoney!Afterlunch,weexploredmoreofthemuseum____40____stayedfortherestoftheday.Theywereturningoffthelightswhenweleft!Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?Seeyousoon!Helen【答案】31.excited32.unusual33totouch34.winner35.second36.wasmade37.told38.wereeating39.for40.and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，海伦向爱丽丝介绍了自己前两天去城市航天博物馆的经历。【31题详解】句意：我以前从来没有去过那里，所以我很兴奋！excite“使兴奋”，动词。此处应用形容词excited“兴奋的”，作表语，修饰人。故填excited。【32题详解】句意：我们要去经历一次不同寻常的经历！usual“通常的”，形容词。结合空前冠词an及文章内容可知，此处指一次不寻常的经历。unusual“不寻常的”，作定语修饰名词。故填unusual。【33题详解】句意：太空博物馆非常大，充满了有趣和令人兴奋的可以触摸的物体。touch“触摸”，动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词objects，指可以触摸的物体。故填totouch。【34题详解】句意：获胜者有机会为一颗行星发明一个名字——这很令人兴奋，不是吗？win“赢得”，动词。此处缺少主语，应用名词形式winner“获胜者”，结合“has”可知，用单数形式。故填winner。【35题详解】句意：第二个房间看起来像宇宙飞船的内部。two“二”，基数词。room是单数，此处指第二个房间，应用序数词second表顺序。故填second。【36题详解】句意：我也不知道它是什么时候制作的。make“制作”，动词。it指宇航服，与动词之间存在被动关系，且制作宇航服这件事发生在过去，应为一般过去时。主语it指第三人称单数，故用be动词was，make用其过去分词。故填wasmade。【37题详解】句意：我们从宇宙飞船上看烤箱的时候，我妹妹告诉我她饿了。tell“告诉”，动词。此处是含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，指妹妹说她饿了的时候，我们正在……。主句是过去进行时，从句应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填told。【38题详解】句意：当我们吃披萨的时候，他们在烤饼干，所以我们吃了一些。eat“吃”，动词。此处是含while引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句是过去进行时，结构是was/weredoing，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填wereeating。【39题详解】句意：我们给你买了一些——你会喜欢的！此处是buysth.forsb.“给某人买某物”。故填for。【40题详解】句意：午饭后，我们探索了更多的博物馆，并在那里待了一天。“exploredmoreofthemuseum”和“stayedfortherestoftheday”之间是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。四、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分).阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。Afteragamelikefootball,theplayersmightgetanX-rayinthehospitaliftheyhurttheirlegsorarms.AdentistcanuseX-raystolookatteeth.AndairportworkersuseanX-raymachinetocheckobjectsbeforeaplaneleaves.Nowadays,X-raytechnologyiswidelyusedinmedicineandotherfields.X-rayswerefirstdiscoveredbyaGermanscientist,WilhelmConradRöntgen(1845–1923).Hefoundthemquitebyaccidentin1895.Oneday,hediscoveredthatanunknownkindofradiation(放射线)couldhardlypassthroughhardobjectslikebones(骨头).Later,Röntgentookaphotoofhiswife’shand.Itclearlyshowedherringandherbones.ThatwasthefirstX-rayphotointheworld.Whyistherean“X”inthewordX-ray?It’sbecauseRöntgencouldn’texplainexactlyhowitworked.HejustknewthatX-rayswerenewandusefulforscience.Infact,X-rayssoonbecameanimportanttoolinmedicine.WiththehelpofX-rays,doctorscouldseeinsidethehumanbodyforthefirsttimewithoutsurgery(外科手术).RöntgenwasawardedthefirstNobelPrize(诺贝尔奖)inphysicsin1901forhisdiscovery.Whenhewasaskedwhathewasthinkingatthemomentofdiscovery,hereplied,“Ididn’tthink,Iinvestigated(研究).”RöntgengaveawayhisNobelPrizemoneytohisuniversity.Andhenevertookoutanypatents(专利权)onX-rays,tomakesurethattheworldcouldfreelymakeuseofhisdiscovery.41.WhereisX-raytechnologyused?________________________________________________________________42.WhenwereX-raysdiscovered?________________________________________________________________43.WhosehandwasinthefirstX-rayphoto?________________________________________________________________44.WhydidRöntgennametheray“X-ray”?________________________________________________________________45.WhatdoyouthinkofRöntgen?Andwhy?________________________________________________________________【答案】41.Inmedicineandotherfields.42.In1895.43.WilhelmConradRöntgen’swife.44.Becausehecouldn’texplainexactlyhowitworked.45.Ithinkheisselfless.BecausehegaveawayhisNobelPrizemoneytohisuniversity.AndhenevertookoutanypatentsonX-rays,tomakesurethattheworldcouldfreelymakeuseofhisdiscovery.【解析】【导语】本文介绍了科学家WilhelmConradRöntgen如何发现的X射线以及X射线的应用领域等。【41题详解】根据“Nowadays,X-raytechnologyiswidelyusedinmedicineandotherfields.”可知，它被广泛应用于医学和其他领域。故填Inmedicineandotherfields.【42题详解】根据“Hefoundthemquitebyaccidentin1895.”可知，X射线于1895年被发现。故填In1895.【43题详解】根据“Later,Röntgentookaphotoofhiswife’shand…ThatwasthefirstX-rayphotointheworld.”可知，第一张X光照片中的手是WilhelmConradRöntgen的妻子的。故填WilhelmConradRöntgen’swife.【44题详解】根据“Whyistherean‘X’inthewordX-ray?It’sbecauseRöntgencouldn’texplainexactlyhowitworked.”可知，因为Röntgen无法准确解释它是如何工作的，所以给其命名为“X-ray”。故填Becausehecouldn’texplainexactlyhowitworked.【45题详解】根据“RöntgengaveawayhisNobelPrizemoneytohisuniversity.Andhenevertookoutanypatents(专利权)onX-rays,tomakesurethattheworldcouldfreelymakeuseofhisdiscovery.”可知，Röntgen把他的诺贝尔奖金捐给了他的大学。而且他从未为X射线申请过任何专利，以确保世界可以自由地利用他的发现，故可知他是一个无私的人。故填Ithinkheisselfless.BecausehegaveawayhisNobelPrizemoneytohisuniversity.AndhenevertookoutanypatentsonX-rays,tomakesurethattheworldcouldfreelymakeuseofhisdiscovery.五、补全对话(共4小题；68小题2分，其它每小题1分，计5分)阅读下面对话，在每个空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话完整，合乎情境。M=MeimeiT=Tourist(Meimeimeetsaforeigntouristinawheelchair(轮椅)outsideahotelinBeijing.)M:It’ssunnyandwarm,isn’tit?T:Yes,itis.Ihopetomorrowwillbefine,too.M:Areyounewhere?T:That’srightI’vealwaysdreamedofvisitingChina.I’vebeentoShanghaibeforeIcamehere.M:Oh!It’salittlefarfromShanghaitoBeijing.________46________?T:Icameherebyplane.M:Howdoyoumanageinyourwheelchair?T:IseldomhaveanydifficultiesinChina.Manypeopleoffertohelpme.Manyplaceshavespecialfacilities(设施)forwelcomingdisabledpeople.M:DoyouthinkShanghaiisagreatcity?T:________47________.Shanghaiisaninternationalcity.Ilikeitverymuch.M:SodoI.Yousaidthatyouhopeditwouldbefinetomorrow.Whereareyougoingtovisit?T:I’mgoingouttoTian’anmenSquareandaBeijingHutong.M:Soundsgood.Whatareyougoingtodothere?T:________48________.M:Great.AsfarasIknow,youshouldn’thaveanyproblems.T:Ihopeso.Thankyou!M:It’sapleasure.Ineedtocatchthebus.________49________?T:AquarterpastsevenM:Ohdear!Imustgo.Haveagoodday!【答案】46.Howdidyoucomehere47.Yes,Ithinkso48.I’mgoingtoseetheraisingofthenationalflagandtakephotos49.Whattimeisit【解析】【导语】本文是梅梅和一位外国游客之间的对话，外国游客介绍了自己的中国行以及在北京的旅行计划。【46题详解】根据“Icameherebyplane.”可知，此处询问来这里的交通方式，用How提问，时态是一般过去时。故“你怎么来的这儿”符合语境。故填Howdidyoucomehere。【47题详解】根据“DoyouthinkShanghaiisagreatcity?”及“Shanghaiisaninternationalcity.Ilikeitverymuch.”可知，外国游客认为上海是一座很棒的城市。故“是的，我认为是”符合语境。故填Yes,Ithinkso。【48题详解】根据“I’mgoingouttoTian’