Unit+1+Teenage+Life+Discovering+Useful+Structures+高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

TeenageLifeBacktoSchoolUnit1DiscoveringUsefulStructuresPart01WarmupLookatthefollowingsentencesandtellwhatcategoriestheunderlinedphrasesbelongto.1.Beingafreshmanatseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.2.Itisalittleconfusingtochooseasuitablecourse.Hehastothinkverycarefullyandasktheschooladviserforhelp.3.Astoextracurricularactivities,hedidn'tplayfootballwellenough,buthewon'tquitandhewillfindawaytoimprovesothathecanmaketheteam.4.Hehastostudymuchharderandberesponsibleforalotmore.Heisabitworriedaboutkeepingupwiththeotherstudentsinhisadvancedcourse.短语或词组(Phrases)是具有一定意义，但不构成句子或从句的一组词。形容词短语名词短语副词短语形容词短语名词短语副词短语名词短语副词短语形容词短语名词短语名词短语名词短语（NounPhrase）形容词短语（AdjectivePhrase）副词短语（AdverbPhrase）Part02Phrase(NounPhrase简称NP)定义：名词短语是以名词为中心，与其他名词并列或与修饰语一起构成的名词性短语。在句中可以作主语、宾语表语或宾补等。位置关系：一是放在被修饰的名词前面，叫做前置定语二是放在被修饰的名词后面，叫做后置定语。名词短语名词短语的构成1.成双成对的名词短语achesandpains痛苦heartandsoul心灵dayandnight昼夜bowandarrow弓和箭breadandbutter面包和黄油friendandfoe朋友和敌人funandpleasure娱乐husbandandwife夫妻heavenandearth天地horseandcart马车houseandhome家居ladiesandgentlemen女士与先生knifeandpork刀叉seaandland海陆manandwoman男女officersandsoldiers官兵oddsandends零碎;小玩意profitandloss盈亏prosandcons正反两面rulesandregulations规章制度sportsandgames运动与游戏stuffandnonsense胡说八道thunderandlightning雷电timeandtide岁月viceandvirtue罪恶与美德名词短语的构成2.n.+n.theschoolfootballteam校足球队childreneducation儿童教育thebusstop公共汽车站3.所有格+n.John’scar约翰的汽车老agirls’school一所女子学校fiveminutes’walk步行5分钟的路程astone’sthrow一箭之遥4.量概念名词+of+n.apieceofnews一条消息twocupsofcoffee两杯咖啡threekindsofcars三种汽车5.n.+and+n.thedeskandthechair桌子和椅子teachersandstudents老师和学生名词短语的构成6.adj.+n./n.+adj.extra-curricularactivities课外活动homelesspeople无家可归的人们abasketfullofvegetables一只装满蔬菜的篮子peoplepresentatthemeeting出席会议者7.n.+todomuchworktodo许多要做的工作themeetingtobeheldtomorrow明天要召开的会议8.v.-ing+n./n.+v.-ingthesittingroom起居室thesleepingboy正在睡觉的男孩theswimmingpool游泳池studentsreadingintheclassroom在教室里读书的学生们名词短语的构成9.-ed+n./n.+以-edfallenleaves落叶pollutedwater被污染了的水photostakenbyMike迈克拍的照片thedecisionmade做出的决定10.n+介词短语asolutiontothequestion该问题的解决办法themainpurposeofthecourse该课程的主要目的safetyforallthestudents所有学生的安全newsabouttheaccident关于事故的消息11.限定词+n.anEnglishbook一本英语书allthehomework所有的家庭作业myschedule我的时间表thosegoodmethods那此好办法名词短语可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或宾补等。ThehandsomeyoungmanisJim'sbrother.那个英俊的年轻人是吉姆的弟弟。(作主语)Ilearnthatyou'recomingtovisitoneofyourChinesefriends.我知道你要来拜访你的一个中国朋友。(作宾语)Tomisourgroupleader.汤姆是我们的组长。AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作不玩耍,聪明的孩子也变傻。(谚语)(作宾补)(作表语)(AdjectivePhrase简称AdjP)定义：形容词短语是以形容词为中心，与其他形容词并列或与修饰语一起构成的形容词性短语。在句中可以作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。1.成双成对的形容词短语:ancientandmodern古今,blackandwhite黑白相间的,fairandsquare公正,farandnear到处,四面八方,freeandeasy轻松自在,goodorill好歹(善恶),greatandsmall大小，heavyandlight轻重,longandshort长短,maleandfemale男的和女的sweetandsour酸甜的,pastandpresent过去与现在的,trueorfalse对或错,形容词短语的构成largeandbeautiful大而美的smallbutpractical小但实用的2.adj.+and/but/or+adj.3.程度副词+adj.veryhandsome非常帅的quitelong相当长的sogood如此好的muchsurprised很惊讶的alittleshy有点儿害羞的extremelycold极其寒冷的reallyhard确实困难的4.adi.+介词短语fullofwater盛满了水similartothisword与这个单词相似differentfrommyidea与我的看法不同goodatmaths擅长数学5.adj.+不定式anxioustoknowtheanswer急于知道答案delightedtodothis高兴做此事形容词短语在句中可以作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。LiMingisahighschoolstudentalwaysreadytohelpothers.李明是个高中生,总是乐于助人。(作定语)Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.中国自然资源丰富。(作表语)Afterthewar,thesoldiersreturnedhome,safeandsound.战争结束后，那些士兵安然无恙地回到了家Wefoundthemtiredandsleepy.我们发现他们又累又困。(作状语)(作表语)(表示原因时间、伴随方式或结果等，表伴随或方式时常置于句末)(AdverbPhrase，简称AdvP)定义：副词短语是以副词为中心,与其他副词并列或与修饰语一起构成的副词性短语。副词短语可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词短语等;在句中主要作状语,表示程度、方式、时间、频度、地点等意义。还可作表语、定语、宾补等。副词短语的构成1.成双成对的副词短语:farandaway远为，大大地,firstandforemost首先,firstandlast从各方面看;完全地,forwardandbackward前后,inandout时常出入,wholeandall全体,moreorless或多或少,Outandaway出走,soonerandlater早晚,thenandthere当时当地，toandfrom来回地backandforth反复来,offandon不时地，有时,upanddown上下波动,起伏,highandlow到处副词短语的构成4.adv.+介词短语deepintothenight直到深夜aheadoftime提前farawayfromthecity远离城市5.其他固定的副词短语justnow刚才;rightthen就在那时;rightaway立刻;rightnow现在,马上;everbefore以前,以往;eversince从那时起;firstofall首先;lastbutnotleast最后但同样重要的;moreimportantly更重要的是几乎所有的程度副词都可以用来修饰副词,构成“副词短语”very很，非常;quite非常;rather相当;so如此;too太;absolutely完全地;definitely肯定地;almost几乎;nearly几乎;enough充足地;entirely完全地;completely彻底地;totally完全地;fully完全地;extremely极其;fairly相当;greatly很;little少许,一点;much很;pretty非常;really很,等等。enough修饰副词要后置。如:luckilyenough足够幸运地，carefullyenough足够仔细地。另外，部分“频度副词”和“时间副词”也可以用来修饰副词,构成“副词短语”。如:alwayshappily总是快乐地，seldomlate很少迟到,stillnervously仍然紧张地。Part03Practice1.Johngraduatedfromjuniorhighschool,andnowheisaseniorhighschoolstudent.2.Mypartnerisaniceguyandwetakepartinallkindsofextra-curricularactivitiestogether.3.Heprefersdoingexperimentsverymuchtolisteningtolectures.4.Thecompanyorganisedaformaldebatetodiscussthenextyear'sgoalsandstrategies.FindandmarkNP,AdjPandAdvPinthesentences.名词短语，作表语副词短语，作状语名词短语，作宾语名词短语，作宾语5.Althoughyouhaveappliedforregistration,youarenotthemansuitableforthedesigningjob.6.Thesevolunteersareteenagersfromjuniorhighschoolandseniorhighschool.7.Obviously,thefreshmenarecuriousabouteverythingoncampus.8.Wefeelveryconfidentinthefaceofadventuresandchallenges.形容词短语，作定语FindandmarkNP,AdjPandAdvPinthesentences.名词短语，作表语形容词短语，作表语形容词短语，作表语9.Beforeyousignupforadvancedclasses,youshouldfirstofallregisteryourinformation.10.ThisconfusingquestionmademesoconfusedthatIcouldn'tconcentrateonmystudy.11.Atlast,expertsrecommendedusasimplelifestyle.12.Thereisagenerationgapbetweenteenagersandadults,sotheyshouldoftenexchangeandrevisetheirviews.13.Actually,hehasanoutgoingpersonalityandisanxioustomakeagoodimpressiononothers.形容词短语,作表语副词短语，作状语形容词短语，作宾补名词短语，作直接宾语名词短语,作主语14.Ioftenseesometeenagerscleanupthegreenhouse.It'sgoodbehaviour.15.Thetopicortitleofhisarticleis“ThedifferencebetweenEasternandWesternliterature”.16.I'mlookingforwardtospeakingEnglishquitefluentlyassoonaspossible.17.Theyouthisattractedtoclassicalliterature,evenaddictedtoit,sohefocusesonthestudyofclassicalliterature.18.Thechiefeditorofthenewspaperisresponsibleforeditingthewholenewspaper.名词短语，作表语副词短语，作状语名词短语，作主语名词短语，作宾语形容词短语，作表语19.Accordingtotheschedule,heisgoingtoquithispositionasmanageroftheteam.20.Thechiefeditorsaiditwaseveryone'sresponsibilitytofindasolution.21.Withtheadvanceofscienceandtechnolog