大学物理英语词汇

oscillation/vibration振动spring弹簧oscillator振子pendulum单摆compoundpendulum复合摆damp阻尼resonance共振friction摩擦力equilibriumposition平衡位置restoringforce回复力drivingforce驱动力amplitude振幅period周期frequency频率angularfrequency角频率instricproperties固有属性simpleharmonicmotion（SHM）简谐振动beproportional（directly）to与…成正比interference干涉diffraction衍射reflection反射refraction折射wavelength波长wedge劈尖intensity强度coherentwave相干波transmission透过boundary边界mechanicalwaves机械波phasedifference相位差standingwaves驻波travelingwaves行波crest（peak）波峰trough（valley）波谷transversewave横波longitudinalwave纵波identicalfrequency相同的频率interferenceofwaves波的干涉destructiveinterference相消干涉constructiveinterference相涨干涉wavepathdifference波程差opticalpathdifference光程差half—wavelengthloss半波损失Huygen’sPrinciple惠更斯原理Double-slitInterference杨氏双缝干涉optics光学geometricoptics几何光学physicaloptics物理光学waveoptics波动光学quantumoptics粒子光学polarization偏振wavesurface波面waveline波线wavefront波前sphericalwave球面波planewave平面波wavelet子波isotropic各项同性instant时刻incident入射的normalline法线doubleslit双缝brightfringe明纹darkfringe暗纹Newton’sring牛顿环adjacent相邻的equalinclinationinterference等倾干涉equalthicknessinterference等厚干涉high-resolution高精度resolution分辨率overlap重叠grating光栅fixed固定的(确定的)secondarymaxima次极大diffractionangle衍射角gratingconstant光栅常数gratingfunction光栅方程diffractiongrating衍射光栅transmissiongrating透射光栅reflectiongrating反射光栅missingorderofdiffractiongrating光栅的缺级TEM透射电子显微镜SEM隧道扫瞄电子显微镜unpolarizedlight非偏振光polarizedlight偏振光naturallight自然光crystal晶体Polaroidsheet/polarizer起偏片analyzer检偏器vertical垂直的polarization偏振completelypolarizedlight完全偏振光partlypolarizedlight部分偏振光ellipse/circlepolarizedlight椭圆/圆偏振光polarizationoflight光的偏振astackofglassplates玻璃片堆quantum量子blackbody黑体anode阳极cathode阴极photon光子atom原子exert施加linear线性的eject激发illuminate使照亮radiation辐射electricfield电场ammeter电流表photoelectron光电子circuit电路hypothesis假设/假说instantaneity瞬时性undulatoryproperty波动性corpuscularproperty粒子性atomaticspectra原子光谱absorptionspectra吸收光谱emissionspectra发射光谱photoelectriceffect光电效应thermalradiation热辐射electromagneticwave电磁波photoelectriccurrent光电流absolutetemperature绝对温度cut-offvoltage截止电压workfunction逸出功/功函数cut-offfrequency截止频率conservationofenergy能量守恒angularmomentum角动量conservationofmomentum动量守恒mainquantumnumber主量子数ionizationenergy电离能excitedstate激发态highenergystate/higherstate高能态Thermalradiationinequilibrium平