安徽省芜湖市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

Page232024～2024学年高二年级上学期期中检测联考英语考生留意：1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清晰。3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答、超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdidPeterdoyesterdayafternoon?A.Hestayedathome.B.Hesawafilm.C.HewenttoJerry’shouse.2.Whydoesthemanlookhappy?A.Hegotajob.B.Hestartedacompany.C.Heboughtanewhouse.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthesupermarket.B.Atthecakeshop.C.Athome.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldpreparefortheexamearly.B.Itiswiseofthemantostayupfortheexam.C.Themanshouldtakeiteasybeforetheexam.5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Drivetowork.B.Reportnews.C.GiveTrishacall.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题、每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Acouple.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Changethetickets.B.Checkthebooking.C.Sendinvitations.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisTomdoing?A.Preparingforanexam.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Doinghishomework.9.Whowenttoaparty?A.Ella.B.Jimmy’sfather.C.Jimmy’sgrandpa.10.WhatdoesFannyagreetodointheend?A.Writeastory,B.PlaywithJimmy.C.Gooutwithherfriends.听第8段材料，回答第11至3题。11.Whydidthemanfailtoreceivethewoman’scall?A.Hisphonestoppedworking.B.Hedidn’ttakehiscellphonewithhim.C.Hewasbusyplayingcomputergames.12.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Hercellphoneneedsrepairing.B.Shehasmademanymistakesinherhomework.C.Thereissomethingwrongwithhercomputer.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.ContactJane.B.AskHenryforhelp.C.Finishherhomeworkfirst.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whereisthenewbranchoffice?A.InFrance.B.InSpain.C.InGermany.15.HowlonghasBettybeenworkinginthecompany?A.Foroneyear.B.Forthreeyears.C.Forfiveyears.16.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Smith?A.Helacksworkexperience.B.Hehaschildreninschool.C.Hecanmoveoverseaseasily.17.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.TalkwithJeff.B.Pickuptheirkids.C.Learnforeignlanguages.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Awebsite.19.Howcanmembersgettheinformationaboutthebooks?A.Bycheckinganonlinelist.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bysendinganemail.20.Whatcolornumbersshowthenumberofthebooksputinthelast30days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisisshapinguptobeabigyearforUSthemeparks—andwe’renotjusttalkingaboutDisney.Fromcoasttocoast,themeparksareopeningexcitingnewridesforpeople.LegolandNewYorkResortOverMemorialDayweekend,Legolandopeneditsnewestattraction:aLego-themedwaterplaygroundwherefamiliescanplaywater,slideandbeattheheat.Thereisalsoanearbychangingareasoyoucantakeoffyourwetswimsuitwhenyou’rereadytoheadforthepark’sland-basedattractions.UniversalStudiosHollywoodThoughthelandhasonlyoneride,SuperNintendoWorldhasmorethanenoughtokeepyoubusyafteryouracetothefinish.Throughouttheland,thereareinteractivechallengeswhereyoucancollectdigitalcoinsandtrytosecureatopscore.Youwillalsofindallthesouvenirsandclothingyouneedtocompleteyourexperience.BuschGardensTampaBayTheSerengetiFlyerswingrideiscurrentlytheworld’stallestandfastestrideofitskind.You’llriserapidlyabovezebras,giraffesandotheranimalsthatresideinthepark’s65-acreSerengetiPlain.Becauseofitsextremenature,theridehasa48-inch(英寸)minimum(最小的)heightrequirement.BuschGardensWilliamsburgBuschGardensWilliamsburg’snewestcoaster(过山车)willhaveguestsracingthroughthedarkwhileattemptingtoescapeacastle.DarKoasterisafullyindoorcoasterwithridevehiclesdesignedtolooklikesnowmobiles.You’llneedthemtotravelthroughthestrangesnowstorminsidethecastle.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatLegolandNewYorkResort?A.Playwater. B.Collectdigitalcoins.C.Experienceasnowstorm. D.Taketheworld’stallestride.2.WhatisrequiredfortouriststoenjoytheSerengetiFlyerswingride?A.Greatloveforanimals. B.Wearingspecialclothes.C.Thecompanyoffamily. D.Beingatleast48inchesinheight.3.Wherewillyougoifyouwanttotakeafullyindoorcoaster?A.BuschGardensTampaBay. B.BuschGardensWilliamsburg.C.LegolandNewYorkResort. D.UniversalStudiosHollywood.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个主题公园的新游乐设施的状况。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据LegolandNewYorkResort部分“OverMemorialDayweekend,Legolandopeneditsnewestattraction:aLego-themedwaterplaygroundwherefamiliescanplaywater,slideandbeattheheat.(在阵亡将士纪念日的周末，乐高乐园开放了最新的景点：一个乐高主题水上乐园，家庭可以在那里玩水、滑滑梯和避暑)”可知，游客在纽约乐高乐园度假村可以玩水。故选A。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据BuschGardensTampaBay部分“Becauseofitsextremenature,theridehasa48-inch(英寸)minimum(最小的)heightrequirement.(由于它的极限性质，过山车的最低身高要求是48英寸)”可知，塞伦盖蒂摩天轮秋千之旅的游客至少要有48英寸高。故选D。【3题详解】微小环节理解题。依据BuschGardensWilliamsburg部分“DarKoasterisafullyindoorcoasterwithridevehiclesdesignedtolooklikesnowmobiles.(DarKoaster是一个完全室内的过山车，乘坐车辆被设计成看起来像雪地车)”可知，假如你想坐完全在室内的过山车，你可以去威廉斯堡的布什花园。故选B。BThe2024NobelPrizeinChemistryhasbeenawardedtoMoungiG.BawendiofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,LouisE.BrusofColumbiaUniversity,andAlexeiI.EkimovofNanocrystalsTechnologyInc.inNewYorkforthediscoveryanddevelopmentofquantumdots(量子点).Thethreescientistseachcontributedtoafundamentaldiscovery,accordingtoofficialsfromtheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences,whichawardsseveraloftheprizeseachyear.Theworkthey’vedonehasalreadyledtonewtechnologyintelevisionscreensandbio-imaging.ReachedbyphoneduringapressconferenceearlyWednesdaymorning,Bawendiofferedastreamofreactions:“Shocked.Sleepy.Veryunexpected.Andveryhonored.”Inarareevent,thewinners’nameswereleakedtotheSwedishmediabeforetheofficialannouncement.ButBawendisaidhe’dbeensoundasleep,sohedidn’thearanythingaboutit.Quantumdotsareparticles(粒子)thataresoincrediblysmallthattheirsizeactuallystartstoaffecttheirproperties.Forexample,bluequantumdotsandredquantumdotscanbemadefromtheexactsamematerial,withtheonlydifferencebeingthesizeoftheparticleitself.(Thebluequantumdotsaresmallerthanredones.)Infact,changingthesizecanalter(变更)manydifferentpropertiesbeyondjustcolor,whichmeansthatquantumdotscouldbeusefulforavarietyofapplications,includingbuildingbettersolarpanelsandperhapsevencreatingfuelbyusingsunlight.Thethreescientistswillsharetheprizemoneyof11millionSwedishkronor(closeto$995,000)inequalparts.Thisisthethirdscience-focusedNobelPrizetobeawardedthisweek.OnTuesday,thephysicsprizewasawardedtoAnneL’Huillier,PierreAgostiniandFerencKrausz.AndonMonday,KatalinKarikoandDrewWeissmanwontheprizeinphysiologyormedicine.OfficialsplantoannouncetheliteratureprizeonThursday,followedbythepeaceprizeonFriday.TheeconomicsprizewillbeawardedonMonday.4.HowdidBawendifeelwhenreceivingthecallearlyWednesdaymorning?A.Angry. B.Surprised. C.Bored. D.Sorry.5.Whatcausesthedifferenceincolorbetweenbluequantumdotsandredones?A.Thesizeoftheparticles. B.Thedifferenceinmaterials.C.Thechangeinshapes. D.Thevarietyofapplications.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph7referto?A.The2024NobelPrizeinphysics. B.The2024NobelPrizeinmedicine.C.The2024NobelPrizeinliterature. D.The2024NobelPrizeinchemistry.7.Whatisthetext?A.Ashortstory. B.Adiaryentry. C.Anewsreport. D.Aresearcharticle.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。2024年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥伦比亚高校的LouisE.Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他们发觉和发展量子点。文章介绍了他们的探讨以及其他奖项的获得状况。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段“ReachedbyphoneduringapressconferenceearlyWednesdaymorning,Bawendiofferedastreamofreactions:“Shocked.Sleepy.Veryunexpected.Andveryhonored.”(在周三凌晨的新闻发布会上，记者通过电话联系到了巴文迪，他给出了一连串的反应：“震惊。困了。特别意外。我特别荣幸。”)”可知，在周三早晨接到电话时，Bawendi感到惊异。故选B。【5题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第五段“Forexample,bluequantumdotsandredquantumdotscanbemadefromtheexactsamematerial,withtheonlydifferencebeingthesizeoftheparticleitself.(例如，蓝色量子点和红色量子点可以由完全相同的材料制成，唯一的区分是粒子本身的大小)”可知、粒子的大小导致了蓝色量子点和红色量子点之间颜色的差异。故选A。【6题详解】词句揣测题。依据画线词前“Thethreescientistswillsharetheprizemoneyof11millionSwedishkronor(closeto$995.000)inequalparts.(这三位科学家将平分1100万瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的奖金)”可知，2024年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥伦比亚高校的LouisE.Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，这三位科学家将平分1100万瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的奖金。故This指的是2024年诺贝尔化学奖。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“The2024NobelPrizeinChemistryhasbeenawardedtoMoungiG.BawendiofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,LouisE.BrusofColumbiaUniversity,andAlexeiI.EkimovofNanocrystalsTechnologyInc.inNewYorkforthediscoveryanddevelopmentofquantumdots(量子点).(2024年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥伦比亚高校的LouisE.Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他们发觉和发展量子点)”结合文章介绍了他们的探讨以及其他奖项的获得状况。可推断，本文是一篇新闻报道。故选C。CApowerfulearthquakehitMoroccoonFridaynight,killingover2,500peopleandcausinghugedamageoveralargearea.ThequakewasoneofthemostpowerfuleverrecordedinMorocco.It’salsothecountry’sdeadliestearthquakeinover60years.Sofar,theearthquakeisreportedtohavekilledover2,680people.Ithasinjuredover2,500others.Theearthquakewasespeciallydangerousbecauseithappenedatnight,whenpeoplewereasleepintheirhomes.Marrakeshisabigcitythat’spopularwithtourists.Manyofitsmodernbuildingsseemtohavesurvivedtheearthquake,buttheoldpartofthecity,Medina,washithard.Ithasbuildingsthatareover1,000yearsold.Manyofthosebuildingsweredemolished.OutsideofMarrakesh,theearthquakecausedevenmoredamage.IntheAtlasMountains,theearthquake’scenter,therearemanysmallvillages,someofwhichwerenearlydestroyed.Manyofthepeopleinthearealiveinsimplehousesmadeofmudbricks,whichisatraditionalwayofbuildinginMorocco.Butit’snotstrongenoughtoprotectagainstearthquakes.AlthoughtheMoroccangovernmenthaslawsthatrequirebuildingstobebuiltmoresafely,theserulesareoftenignored.Rescueworkershavebeenworkinghardtosavethoseaffectedbythequake.Inlargercities,rescueeffortsseemtobegoingwell.Butithastakenalotlongerforhelptoreachremoteareasinthemountains.Manyofthesevillagesaredifficulttogetto.Theearthquakecausedlandslides,blockingroads,andmakingtheseplacesevenmoredifficulttoreach.Insomeareas,phoneandelectricalservicewerealsoknockedout,leavingtheseplacescompletelycutoff.Thatmeansthatthelocalpeopleinsomeremoteareashavehadtodealwiththesituationontheirown.Insomeareas,peoplehavebeendiggingthroughthebrokenstonesorbrickswiththeirhands,tryingtofindsurvivors.Manypeoplearesleepingoutside,unsureiftheirhousesaresafe.ManyoutsidecountrieshaveofferedtohelpMorocco.Somecountrieshaveofferedteamsofexperts;othershaveofferedsupplies.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheearthquakeinMorocco?A.Itonlykilled2,680people. B.Itoccurredduringtheday.C.Itwasthedeadliestinrecentdecades. D.Itinjuredlessthan2,500people.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demolished”inparagraph2mean?A.Destroyed. B.Decorated. C.Protected. D.Constructed.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Necessaryhelpfromothercountriesforthequake-hitarea.B.Thecurrentserioussituationfacedbypeopleindisasterareas.C.PossiblecausesoftheearthquakehappeninginMorocco.D.ReasonswhytheearthquakecausedsomuchdamageinMorocco.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph5?A.Rescueworkersinbigcitiesareinshortsupply.B.Villagersinthequake-hitareatrytosavethemselves.C.Mostofthehousesinremoteareasarereportedsafe.D.Rescueworkerscaneasilygetintouchwithmountainpeople.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章讲解并描述周五晚上，摩洛哥发生猛烈地震，造成2500多人死亡，大片地区遭遇巨大破坏。【8题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第一段“It’salsothecountry’sdeadliestearthquakeinover60years.(这也是该国60多年来最致命的地震。)”可知，摩洛哥这次的地震是该国近几十年来最致命的一次。故选C项。【9题详解】词句揣测题。依据画线词的句子“Buttheoldpartofthecity,Medina,washithard.Ithasbuildingsthatareover1,000yearsold.Manyofthosebuildingsweredemolished.(但城市的老城区Medina受到了沉重的打击。它有超过1000年历史的建筑。其中很多建筑被了。)”可推断，画线词应表示“摧毁”的意思，和destroyed意思最接近。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段“Manyofthepeopleinthearealiveinsimplehousesmadeofmudbricks,whichisatraditionalwayofbuildinginMorocco.Butit’snotstrongenoughtoprotectagainstearthquakes.(这个地区的很多人住在用泥砖建立的简陋的房子里。这是摩洛哥的传统建筑方式。但它的强度不足以反抗地震。)”以及下文可推断，本段主要讲的是地震在摩洛哥造成如此大破坏的缘由。故选D项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据第五段“Insomeareas,peoplehavebeendiggingthroughthebrokenstonesorbrickswiththeirhands,tryingtofindsurvivors.(在一些地区，人们始终在用手在碎石或砖块中挖掘，试图找到生还者。)”可推断，地震灾区的村民试图自救。故选B项。DThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called“flyingtaxis”willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.JobyAviationisa14-year-oldcompanythatwentpublicin2024andbecamethefirstelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)firmtoreceiveaspecialkindofpermissionfromtheUSAirForce.ItsproductioneffortsaresupportedbypartnershipswithToyota,DeltaAirLines,IntelandUber.OhioGovernorMikeDeWinetoldTheAssociatedPress,“Whenyou’retalkingaboutairtaxis,that’sthefuture.”Developerssaytheplanesarenearingthedaywhentheywillprovideawaytomoveindividualpeopleorsmallgroupsfromthetopofbuildingsandparkingspacestotheirdestinations.Aroundtheworld,eVTOL.aircraftsorflyingtaxisarebecomingmorecommon.Still,questionsremainaboutnoiselevelsandchargingdemands.EngineersdesignedJoby’sproductionaircrafttotransportapilotandfourpassengersatthespeedofupto321.87kilometersperhour.Theaircraftcancoveradistanceofupto160.93kilometers.Itisaquietmachinethatcanbarelybeheardinmostcities,thecompanysaid.Theplanistoplacetheminaerialridesharingnetworksbeginningin2025.The$500millionprojectissupportedbyupto$325millioninpaymentsfromthestateofOhio.Withthemoney,JobyplanstobuildanOhiofacilitycapableofdeliveringupto500aircraftsayearandcreating2,000jobs.TheUSDepartmentofEnergyhasinvitedJobytoapplyforaloantosupportthedevelopmentofthefacilityasacleanenergyproject.JobyCEOJocBenBevirttoldtheAPthatthecompanychoseOhioafteralargeandcompetitivesearch.Ohio’sfinancialdealwasnotthelargest,butthechancetobringtheoperationtothebirthplaceofaviation—withaworkforceexperiencedinthefield—ledtothedeal,hesaid.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph. B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.13.WhatisMikeDeWine’sattitudetowardairtaxis?A.Doubtful. B.Unconcerned. C.Unclear. D.Positive.14.WhatisanadvantageofJobyAviation’sflyingtaxi?A.Ithardlymakesanynoise. B.Itdoesn’tneedtobecharged.C.Itcarriesatmost6passengers. D.Itcoversadistanceof321.87km.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLifeoftheWrightBrothers B.FlyingTaxistobeMadeinOhioC.ACompetitiveFutureforAircrafts D.TheDevelopmentofJobyAviation【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍俄亥俄州与JobyAviation签署协议，将在莱特兄弟独创第一架飞机的地方生产“飞行出租车”——垂直起降的电动飞机。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“ThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called‘flyingtaxis’willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.(在莱特兄弟独创第一架飞机的同一地区，很快就会看到垂直起降的电动飞机。这种飞机被称为‘飞行出租车’，将依据俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代顿国际机场达成的协议生产。)”可知，被称为‘飞行出租车’的垂直起降电动飞机将依据俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代顿国际机场达成的协议生产；其次段“JobyAviationisa14-year-oldcompanythatwentpublicin2024andbecamethefirstelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)firmtoreceiveaspecialkindofpermissionfromtheUSAirForce.ItsproductioneffortsaresupportedbypartnershipswithToyota,DeltaAirLines,IntelandUber.(JobyAviation是一家有14年历史的公司，于2024年上市，成为第一家获得美国空军特别许可的电动垂直起降（eVTOL）公司。它的生产努力得到了丰田、达美航空、英特尔和优步的合作支持。)”给读者介绍了第一段中所提到的JobyAviation（Joby航空公司）；由此可知，在其次段中作者增加了一些背景学问。故选C。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“OhioGovernorMikeDeWinetoldTheAssociatedPress,‘Whenyou’retalkingaboutairtaxis,that’sthefuture.’(俄亥俄州州长迈克·德温告知美联社，‘当你谈论空中出租车时，这就是将来。’)”，可知，迈克·德温（MikeDeWine）认为将来空中出租车有着很好的发展前景；由此可推断，MikeDeWine对飞行出租车持确定看法。故选D。【14题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第六段中“Itisaquietmachinethatcanbarelybeheardinmostcities,thecompanysaid.(该公司表示，这是一款宁静的机器，在大多数城市几乎听不到声音。)”可知，JobyAviation公司生产的飞行出租车的一个优势是几乎没有噪音。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“ThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called‘flyingtaxis‘willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.(在莱特兄弟独创第一架飞机的同一地区，很快就会看到垂直起降的电动飞机。这些被称为‘飞行出租车’的飞机将依据俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代顿国际机场达成的协议生产。)”以及下文内容可知本文主要讲的是俄亥俄州与JobyAviation签署协议，将在莱特兄弟家乡生产“飞行出租车”；由此可知，B选项“FlyingTaxistobeMadeinOhio(俄亥俄州将制造飞行出租车)”能够概括本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B。其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou’renewinaschooloryouareshy,makingnewfriendsmightseemlikeachallenge.Luckily,youcanovercome(克服)thatchallengebyfollowingthetipsbelow.____16____.You’remorelikelytobefriendswithsomeoneifyouhavesomethingincommonwiththem.Trytofindclubsorgroupsbasedonyourfavoritehobbiesandthenjointhemtomeetlike-mindedpeople.Also,payattentiontopeoplewhospendtheirfreetimedoingthesamethingsyoulovetodo.Introduceyourselftonewpeoplewheneverpossible.____17____,itcanbeinvitingtojustsittherequietly,especiallyifyou’reshy.However,youandtheotherpersonwillbothbemorecomfortableafterasimpleintroduction.Makeeyecontactwiththeperson,smile,andtrytoseemwarmandrelaxedinsteadofnervousoranxious.____18____.Ifthereismusicplaying,forinstance,trysayingsomethinglike,“Ilovethissong,don’tyou?”Giveotherpeoplesomespace.____19____evenifthey’reyourfriends.Don’texpecttoomuchoftheirtimeandattention.Bethereforthemwhentheyneedyouandcontinuetoextendinvitations,butdon’tfeelupsetiftheyturnyoudownbecausetheyarebusyorneedsometimealone.Overcomeyourfearofrejection.Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachoutandmakenewfriendsisthefearthatwewillnotbeaccepted.Trynottotakeitpersonallyifsomeonedoesnotacceptyourinvitation.Understandthattherejectionmayhavemoretodowithwhotheotherpersonisthanithastodowithyou.____20____.A.IfyoureallywanttofindnewfriendsB.SpendtimearoundpeoplewhoshowkindnessC.Whenyou’rearoundsomeoneyoudon’tknowD.LookforpeoplewhohavethesamehobbiesasyouE.KeepinmindthatotherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocusonF.Then,breaktheicebytalkingaboutwhateverisgoingonaroundyouG.Keepsteppingoutandyouwillfinallyfindsomeonewhoistherightfriendforyou【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。对于新来的学生或者很羞怯的人来说，结交新挚友好像是一个挑战，文章供应了一些关于如何克服挑战去结交新挚友的建议。【16题详解】分析文章结构可知设空处为本段主旨句；依据下文“You’remorelikelytobefriendswithsomeoneifyouhavesomethingincommonwiththem.Trytofindclubsorgroupsbasedonyourfavoritehobbiesandthenjointhemtomeetlike-mindedpeople.Also,payattentiontopeoplewhospendtheirfreetimedoingthesamethingsyoulovetodo.(假如你和某人有共同点，你更有可能和他们成为挚友。试着依据你最宠爱的爱好找一些俱乐部或团体，然后加入他们，结识志同道合的人。此外，要留意那些在业余时间做你宠爱做的事情的人。)”可知在本段中作者建议找寻和你自己有共同爱好的人，因为你更有可能和与你有共同点的人成为挚友；D选项“Lookforpeoplewhohavethesamehobbiesasyou(找寻和你有相同爱好的人)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为主旨句。故选D。【17题详解】由段首句（主旨句）“Introduceyourselftonewpeoplewheneverpossible.(尽可能向新相识人介绍自己。)”可知本段建议与新相识的人在一起时应当尽可能向对方介绍自己；由下文“itcanbeinvitingtojustsittherequietly,especiallyifyou’reshy.(宁静地坐在那里是很吸引人的，尤其是假如你很羞怯的话。)”可知，此处阐述的是和新相识的人或以前不相识的人在一起时，尤其是羞怯的人更情愿宁静地坐在那里不说话；C选项“Whenyou’rearoundsomeoneyoudon’tknow(当你和一个不相识的人在一起时)”符合语境，选项中的“someoneyoudon’tknow”与上文中“newpeople”表达的意思一样。故选C。【18题详解】上文“Makeeyecontactwiththeperson,smile,andtrytoseemwarmandrelaxedinsteadofnervousoranxious.(与对方进行眼神沟通，微笑，试着让自己看起来温温煦放松，而不是惊惶或焦虑。)”指出与刚相识的人在一起时，可以首先通过眼神沟通和微笑让自己看起来温温煦放松；F选项“Then,breaktheicebytalkingaboutwhateverisgoingonaroundyou(然后，通过谈论你四周发生的事情来打破僵局)”承接上文，指出可以通过谈论你四周发生的事情与新相识的人绽开沟通；在下文“Ifthereismusicplaying,forinstance,trysayingsomethinglike,‘Ilovethissong,don’tyou?’(例如，假如正在播放音乐，你可以试着这样说：‘我宠爱这首歌，你呢?’)”中作者通过举例来阐述如何通过周边发生的事情与新相识的人绽开闲聊；由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】由主旨句“Giveotherpeoplesomespace.(给别人一些空间。)”可知本段建议给对方一些空间；结合空后“evenifthey’reyourfriends(即使他们是你的挚友)”以及下文“Don’texpecttoomuchoftheirtimeandattention.(不要期望他们花太多的时间和精力。)”可知，即使是挚友，也不要期望他们把太多时间和留意力放在你身上；E选项“Keepinmindthatotherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocuson(记住，其他人有自己的生活要关注)”指出要记住其他人也有自己的生活，选项中的“otherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocuson”说明白要给别人一些空间以及不要期望挚友把太多时间和留意力放在你身上的缘由；由此可知，E选项符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】由上文“Overcomeyourfearofrejection.Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachoutandmakenewfriendsisthefearthatwewillnotbeaccepted.Trynottotakeitpersonallyifsomeonedoesnotacceptyourinvitation.Understandthattherejectionmayhavemoretodowithwhotheotherpersonisthanithastodowithyou.(克服对拒绝的恐惊。结交新挚友的最大困难之一就是胆怯 我们不被接受。假如有人不接受你的邀请，不要太在意。要明白，被拒绝可能更多地是因为对方是什么样的人，而不是因为你。)”可知，结交新挚友时不要胆怯 被拒绝，要克服不被接受的恐惊，即使被拒绝可能也是由于对方的缘由，而不是因为你；由此可知，作者建议要英勇的去结识新挚友，不要胆怯 被拒绝；G选项“Keepsteppingoutandyouwillfinallyfindsomeonewhoistherightfriendforyou(坚持走出去，你最终会找到那个适合你的挚友)”指出英勇走出去结交新挚友你就能找到适合自己的挚友，符合语境，选项中的“Keepsteppingout”与上文中的“Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachout”相呼应。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Acouple,TinaandJosh,visitingPensacolaBeachinFloridahadanunexpectedclosecontactwitha____21____shark.Whenthe10-footsharkmadeherwaysuddenlyfortheshore,theywere____22____themselvesonthebeach.Thecouple____23____contactedauthoritiestoletthemknowthesharkhadbeenwashed____24____.ThenJoshtookmattersintohisownhandsonceherealizedthesharkmayhavejust____25____apushbackintothewater.Followingacoupleof____26____attemptsonhisown,threeadditionalbeach-goers____27____tolendahand.The____28____sharkstruggledinanuncontrolledway.Atonepoint,itthrewthe____29____aside.Eventually,they___30___topullittodeeperwater.Afterafew____31____torecoverherenergy,theshark____32____,andtheothersontheshoregavethebravemenabigroundofapplause(掌声).“Thanktheguysthat____33____me,”JoshtoldCNN.“Ifithadn’tbeenforthem,Iwouldn’thavebeenableto____34____her.Shewasabout500to600pounds.Ihopeeverybodyelsethatcomestobeachesandsees____35____likethatcanhelpthemout.”21.A.wounded B.harmful C.huge D.dead22.A.teaching B.relaxing C.controlling D.expressing23.A.closely B.illegally C.mostly D.immediately24.A.asleep B.around C.ashore D.abroad25.A.felt B.tried C.ignored D.needed26.A.meaningless B.unsuccessful C.misguided D.weak27.A.refused B.forgot C.preferred D.chose28.A.frightened B.excited C.calm D.small29.A.viewers B.professors C.rescuers D.hunters30.A.agreed B.managed C.happened D.seemed31.A.moments B.hours C.days D.weeks32.A.passedaway B.swamaway C.brokeaway D.walkedaway33.A.warned B.encouraged C.served D.helped34.A.move B.stop C.defeat D.find35.A.visitors B.plants C.animals D.waters【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.D26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了一对夫妇，蒂娜和乔希，在佛罗里达州的彭萨科拉海滩游玩时意外地与一只大鲨鱼密切接触。这只鲨鱼在岸上搁浅了，最终在大家的帮助下，回到了海洋里。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇，蒂娜和乔希，在佛罗里达州的彭萨科拉海滩游玩时意外地与一只大鲨鱼密切接触。A.wounded受伤的；B.harmful有害的；C.huge巨大的；D.dead死亡的。依据后文“the10-footshark”可知这只鲨鱼很巨大。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这条10英尺长的鲨鱼突然游向岸边时，他们正在海滩上放松。A.teaching教学；B.relaxing放松；C.controlling限制；D.expressing表达。依据后文“themselvesonthebeach”可知，鲨鱼突然游向岸边时，他们正在海滩上放松。relaxoneself表示“放松自己”。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇立即联系了当局，让他们知道鲨鱼被冲上岸了。A.closely细致地；B.illegally非法地；C.mostly多半；D.immediately立即。依据后文“contactedauthoritiestoletthemknowthesharkhadbeenwashed”可知，他们立即联系了当局，故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇立即联系了当局，让他们知道鲨鱼被冲上岸了。A.asleep睡着；B.around在四周；C.ashore在岸上；D.abroad在国外。依据后文“pushbackintothewater.”可知，鲨鱼被冲上岸了。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当乔希意识到鲨鱼可能只是须要被推回水里时，他就自己动手了。A.felt感觉；B.tried尝试；C.ignored忽视；D.needed须要。依据后文“apushbackintothewater”以及后文他们胜利把鲨鱼推回水里，可知乔希意识到鲨鱼可能只是须要被推回水里时，故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他自己尝试了几次失败之后，又有三位海滩游客选择伸出援手。A.meaningless无意义的；B.unsuccessful不胜利的；C.misguided被误导的；D.weak虚弱的。依据后文“threeadditionalbeach-goers”提到了其他帮手，说明前面几次没有胜利。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他自己尝试了几次失败之后，又有三位海滩游客选择伸出援手。A.refused拒绝；B.forgot遗忘；C.preferred偏爱；D.chose选择。依据后文“tolendahand”可知，又有三位海滩游客选择伸出援手。choosetodosth.表示“选择做某事”。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受惊的鲨鱼不受限制地挣扎着。A.frightened胆怯 的，受惊的；B.excited激烈的；C.calm宁静的；D.small小的。依据后文“sharkstruggledinanuncontrolledway”提到鲨鱼在挣扎，因为受惊了。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它一度把救援人员扔到一边。A.viewers观众；B.professors教授；C.rescuers救援者；D.hunters猎人。此处指救援鲨鱼的人，被受惊的巨大的鲨鱼扔到一边，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，他们设法把它拉到更深的水里。A.agreed同意；B.managed设法；C.happened发生；D.seemed好像。依据后文“topullittodeeperwater”以及后文鲨鱼游走了，说明他们胜利把鲨鱼拉到了更深的水里。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，鲨鱼复原了体力，就游走了，岸上其他人给了这些英勇的人热忱的掌声。A.moments时刻；B.hours小时；C.days天；D.weeks周。依据后文“torecoverherenergy”可知，鲨鱼须要片刻时间来复原体力。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：过了一会儿，鲨鱼复原了体力，就游走了，岸上的其他人给了这些英勇的人热忱的掌声。A.passedaway去世；B.swamaway游走；C.brokeaway脱离；D.walkedaway走开。依据后文“theothersontheshoregavethebravemenabigroundofapplause.”可知，鲨鱼得救