广东省珠海市六校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

2023-2024学年第二学期高二年级期中学业质量监测试题英语本试卷共12页，62小题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读(共两节；满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATripadvisor

BestthingstodoinDentonBayless-SelbyMuseumBayless-SelbyMuseumfeaturesallthesplendorofthe19thcenturyarchitecture,anditsroomsarefurnishedwithrareantiquesfromthetimeperiod.ItisopenTuesdaythroughSaturdaybetweenAprilandOctober,andWednesdaythroughSaturdayfromNovembertoMarch.CampusTheatreDenton’sCampusTheatreisatruepartofthetown’shistory.Itbeganasamagnificentmoviehousein1949,shutdownin1985,butreturned10yearslaterasaperformingartscenter.Today,theCampusTheatre,locatedindowntownDenton,hostsfilmfestivals,playsandmusicals.Ticketsfortheseperformancescanbebookedonthetheater’swebsite.RayRobertsParkBoatingdownascenicscream,swimonabeautifulbeach,tryyourluckatcatchingafish,orpitchatentandsleepunderthestars.Younameit,youcandoitatRayRobertsPark.Twentymilesofmulti-usepaths,amarinathatsellsandrentsboats,andahotelcanbefoundwithinthepark,locatedjustnorthofDenton.ClearCreekCenterThecenteroffersloversofthegreatoutdoorsthechancetoexperiencesomeofthebestbirdingandhikingintheDentonarea,TravelthenearlyeightmilesofnaturepathsthatcovertheClearCreekandtheElmForkoftheTrinityRiverthroughgrasslands,wetlandsandhardwoodforests.1.WhencanyouvisittheBayless-SelbyMuseuminanymonth?A.OnSunday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnTuesday. D.OnMonday.2.Wherecanyouenjoyartisticperformances?A.Bayless-SelbyMuseum. B.CampusTheatre.C.RayRobertsPark. D.ClearCreekCenter.3.WhatdoRayRobertsParkandClearCreekCenterhaveincommon?AWildlifehunting. B.Cyclingbythewater.C.Oldhousesintheforest. D.Outdooractivities.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍去丹顿旅游最好去的一些地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Bayless-SelbyMuseum部分中的“ItisopenTuesdaythroughSaturdaybetweenAprilandOctober,andWednesdaythroughSaturdayfromNovembertoMarch.(它在4月至10月的周二至周六开放，11月至3月的周三至周六开放。)”可知，在四月至十月的周六都开放，十一月至三月的每周六也开放，由此可知，每个月的周六都开放。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CampusTheatre部分中的“Itbeganasamagnificentmoviehousein1949,shutdownin1985,butreturned10yearslaterasaperformingartscenter.Today,theCampusTheatre,locatedindowntownDenton,hostsfilmfestivals,playsandmusicals.(1949年，它最初是一座宏伟的电影院，1985年关闭，但10年后又作为一个表演艺术中心回归。如今，位于丹顿市中心的校园剧院举办电影节、戏剧和音乐剧。)”可知，CampusTheatre在1985年关闭，但十年后，有座位表演艺术中心回归，由此可知，CampusTheatre是一个表演艺术中心。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据RayRobertsPark部分中的“Boatingdownasceniccreek,swimonabeautifulbeach,tryyourluckatcatchingafish,orpitchatentandsleepunderthestars.Twentymilesofmultiusepaths,amarinathatsellsandrentsboats,andahotelcanbefoundwithinthepark,locatedjustnorthofDenton.(沿着风景优美的小溪划船，在美丽的海滩上游泳，试试运气抓鱼，或者搭帐篷睡在星空下。20英里的多功能道路，一个出售和租赁船只的码头，以及位于丹顿北部的一家酒店，都可以在公园里找到。)”可知，在RayRoberts可以在小溪划船，在海滩上游泳，或者搭帐篷睡在星空下，结合ClearCreekCenter部分中的“ThecenteroffersloversofthegreatoutdoorsthechancetoexperiencesomeofthebestbirdingandhikingintheDentonarea,TravelthenearlyeightmilesofnaturepathsthatcovertheClearCreekandtheElmForkoftheTrinityRiverthroughgrasslands,wetlandsandhardwoodforests.(该中心为热爱户外活动的人提供了体验丹顿地区最好的观鸟和徒步旅行的机会，他们可以沿着近八英里长的自然小径旅行，穿过草原、湿地和硬木森林，穿越清澈的小溪和三一河的榆树叉。)”可知，ClearCreek中心为热爱户外运动的人提供了体验丹顿地区最好的观鸟和徒步旅行的机会，综合以上信息可知，这两个地方都是户外活动的好地方。故选D项。BLastJuly,my12-year-oldcardiedonCalifornia’sSantaAnaFreeway.Itwasanhourbeforesunset,andIwas25milesfromhome.Icouldn’treachanyonetopickmeup,soIdecidedtotakeabus.Notknowingtheroutes,IfiguredI’djustheadeast.Abuspulledup,andIaskedthedriverhowfarshewasgoing.“Fourmorelights,”shesaid.TherewasanotherbusIcouldtakefromtherebeforeitwasoutofserviceat8:30p.m.Thisclearlywasgoingtobealongnight.Shedroppedmeoffattheendofherrouteandtoldmewhichbustolookfor.Afterwaiting30minutes,Ibegantothinkaboutaveryexpensivetaxiridehome.Thenabuspulledup.Therewasnolightednumberaboveitswindshield(挡风玻璃).Itwasoutofservice.Butthedooropened,andIwassurprisedtofindthatitwasthesamedriver.“Ijustcan’tleaveyouhere,”shesaid.“Thisisn’tthenicestplace.I’llgiveyouaridehome.”“You’lldrivemeinthebus?”Iasked,perplexed(困惑的).“No,I’lltakeyouinmycar,”shesaid.“It’salongway,”Iprotested.“Comeon,”shesaid.“Ihavenothingelsetodo.”Aswedrovefromthestationinhercar,shebegantellingmeastory.Afewdaysearlier,herbrotherhadrunoutofgas.AgoodSamaritanpickedhimup,tookhimtoaservicestationandthenbacktohiscar.“I’mjustpassingthefavoralong,”shesaid.WhenIofferedhermoneyasathank-you,shewouldn’thearofit.“Thatwouldn’tmakeitafavor,”shesaid.“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.Passitalong.”4.Judgingfromitscontext,thetimewhenthewritersawthesecondbusshewaitedforwas__________.A.anhourbeforesunset B.earlyatdawn C.intheevening D.lateatnight5Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Nobuswouldpossiblycomeatthetimewhenthewriterdecidedtotakeataxihome.B.Thebusdriverdecidedtodrivethewriterhomeinthebusthoughitwasoutofservice.C.Thewriterdidn’tbelievewhatthebusdriversaidandbecameabitworried.D.Thebusdriverfeltsorrybecauseshedidn’ttellthetruth,soshecameback.6.Thebusdriverdrovethewriterhomelaterbecause________.A.shehappenedtogointhesamedirection B.shewantedtodosomethinggoodforotherpeopleC.shewantedtopassthefavoralongasherbrother D.shewantedtoearnmoremoneyforherfamily7.Thewriterwrotethisstoryto________.A.tellsomethingstrangethathappenedtohimB.warnpeoplenottodriveoldcaronCalifornia’sSantaAnaFreewayC.passagoodvirtuealongfromonetoanotherD.tellpassengersthatbusdriverswerereliableinmostcases【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的汽车坏在路上，遇到好心的公交车司机热心帮忙的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“TherewasanotherbusIcouldtakefromtherebeforeitwasoutofserviceat8:30p.m.(在晚上8点半停止服务之前，我可以从那里乘坐另一辆公共汽车。)”及第二段“Afterwaiting30minutes,Ibegantothinkaboutaveryexpensivetaxiridehome.Thenabuspulledup.(等了30分钟后，我开始考虑坐一辆非常昂贵出租车回家。然后一辆公共汽车停了下来。)”可推知，当时是傍晚的时候，还不到深夜。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterwaiting30minutes,Ibegantothinkaboutaveryexpensivetaxiridehome.Thenabuspulledup.Therewasnolightednumberaboveitswindshield(挡风玻璃).Itwasoutofservice.(等了30分钟后，我开始考虑坐一辆非常昂贵的出租车回家。然后一辆公交开过来。车上的挡风玻璃上没有光亮的数字。这辆车下班了。)”以及“Ijustcan’tleaveyouhere(我不能把你留在这里)”和“Thisisn’tthenicestplace.I’llgiveyouaridehome.(这不是最好的地方。我送你回家。)”可知，当时很有可能没有公交服务了，A选项“当作者决定乘出租车回家时，可能没有公共汽车来”正确。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“I’mjustpassingthefavoralong(我只是将这种善举传递下去)”和“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.(只是要为某人做点好事)”可知，司机之所以送作者回家是因为想为别人做些好事。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.Passitalong.(只是要为某人做点好事。把它传递下去。)”可推知，作者写这个故事是为了把美德传给别人。故选C。C‌“Redtourism”,anewformoftourisminwhichpeoplevisitlocationsandmemorialsofhistoricalsignificancetotheCommunistPartyofChina,hasgivenamuch-neededshotinthearmofthedomestic(国内的)tourismindustryinsummer.AndredtourismwillbemorepopularduringtheNationalDayGoldenWeekholiday.TicketbookingsforredtourismsitesinJuneincreasedbyfivetimeswithlocalandshorttripstoredtourismsitesbeingthechoiceofabout88percentofsuchtourists.Andthesearchfortheterm‌“redtourism”onMafengwo,aChinesetravelserviceandsocial-networkingplatform,increasedby300percentduringthesummerholidays.Redtourismisnotonlyaboutthejoyofvisitinganewplaceandtakinginthewonderfulsights.ItisalsoaboutgainingknowledgeabouthistoryandbeinginspiredbythestoriesofthepeoplewhogavetheirlivestothefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicin1949andworkedforthewellbeingoftheChinesepeople.ByrediscoveringhistoryandpassingonthestoriesoftheChineserevolutionanditsheroestothenextgenerations,peoplecanuplifttheirspirit.Redtourismcanalsobeusedasanopportunitytodeveloprural(农村的)areasbecausemostoftherevolutionarybasesandredtourismsitesareinthecountryside.Itcanraisetheincomesoflocalpeople,Sinceredtourismcreatesjobsandhelpsincreasefarmers’incomes,itcandeveloplocaldevelopment.Datashowthatinthefirsthalfof2022,morethan30percentofalltouristsvisitedredtourismsitesinruralareas,whichwas10percentmorethanthelastyear.Yetredtourismfacescertaindevelopmentalproblems,mainlybecausesomelocalgovernmentofficialshavefailedtomakethebestuseofredtourismresourcesforlocaldevelopment.8.Whatcanweknowaboutredtourism?A.Itisanewformoftravelinwhichpeoplevisitredplaces.B.ItwasnotpopularduringthelastNationalDayGoldenWeekholidayC.Ithasbroughtlifetotourism.D.Itisaboutvisitingcolorfulsceneryespeciallywithredcolor.9.Whydoestheauthorlistthenumbersinparagraph2?A.Toprovehisidea. B.Todescribeaboomingscene.C.Toillustratethestory. D.Tointroduceaplatform.10.Whatisthebenefitofredtourismforruralareas?A.Itcanhelpimprovefarmingfacilitiesandefficiency.B.Itcanofferjobopportunitiestobothfarmersandvisitors.C.Localpeoplecandeveloplocaldevelopment.D.Localincomecanliterallydecrease.11.Whatwillbementionedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.Moreandmorepeoplewillchooseredtourism.B.Manytravelcompanieswillbenefitfromredtourism.C.Moreredtourismsitesshouldbeopentothepublic.D.Somemeasuresshouldbetakentosolveproblems.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是当代旅游业的一剂强气剂的红色旅游的基本情况及存在的问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Redtourism”,anewformoftourisminwhichpeoplevisitlocationsandmemorials(纪念碑)ofhistoricalsignificancetotheCommunistPartyofChina,hasgivenamuch-neededshotinthearmofthedomestic(国内的)tourismindustryinsummer.(“红色旅游”是一种新的旅游形式，人们参观对中国共产党有历史意义的地点和纪念馆，在夏季给国内旅游业注入了急需的一剂强气剂。)”可知，红色旅游给旅游业带来了新的生机。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“TicketbookingsforredtourismsitesinJuneincreasedbyfivetimeswithlocalandshorttripstoredtourismsitesbeingthechoiceofabout88percentofsuchtourists.Andthesearchfortheterm“redtourism”onMafengwo,aChinesetravelserviceandsocial-networkingplatform,increasedby300percentduringthesummerholidays.(6月份，红色旅游景点的订票量增长了5倍，其中约88%的游客选择了当地和短途的红色旅游景点。在中国旅游服务和社交网络平台蚂蜂窝上，“红色旅游”一词的搜索量在暑假期间增加了300%。)”可知，暑假期间红色旅游景点的订票量飙升，而“红色旅游”一词也成为了网络高频搜索词，由此可以推断作者列举数字是为了进一步证明自己在第一段提出的观点——红色旅游给旅游业带来了新的生机。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Redtourismcanalsobeusedasanopportunitytodeveloprural(农村的)areasbecausemostoftherevolutionarybasesandredtourismsitesareinthecountryside.Itcanraisetheincomesoflocalpeople,Sinceredtourismcreatesjobsandhelpsincreasefarmers'incomes,itcandeveloplocaldevelopment.(红色旅游也可以作为发展农村的机会，因为大多数革命根据地和红色旅游景点都在农村。它可以提高当地人的收入，因为红色旅游创造就业机会，帮助增加农民的收入，它可以促进当地的发展。)”可知，因为大多数革命根据地和红色旅游景点都在农村，所以当地农民得以促进当地发展。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yetredtourismfacescertaindevelopmentalproblems,mainlybecausesomelocalgovernmentofficialshavefailedtomakethebestuseofredtourismresourcesforlocaldevelopment.(然而，红色旅游面临着一定的发展问题，主要是因为一些地方政府官员没有充分利用红色旅游资源，促进地方发展。)”可知，虽然红色旅游会促进当地经济的发展，但是因为一些地方政府官员没有充分利用红色旅游资源，导致红色旅游发展存在一些问题，所以接下来要讲的应该是要采取一定的措施来解决这些问题，以促进红色旅游的进一步发展。故选D项。DIntheU.S.,peopleeatmoreproteinthantheyneedto,whichmightnotbebadforhumanhealth,butdoesposeaproblemforthecountry’swaterways.Thenation’swastewaterisloadedwiththeleftoversfromproteindigestion:nitrogencompounds(氮化合物)thatcanfeedharmfulalgalblooms(藻华)andpollutetheairanddrinkingwater.MayaAlmaraz,abiogeochemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,andherteamwantedtoseehowmuchofthisnitrogenenteredintotheU.S.wastewatersystembecauseofaprotein-heavydiet.Theresearchersfoundthatthemajorityofnitrogenpollutionpresentinwastewater—some67to100percent—isaby-productofwhatpeopleconsume.Onceitenterstheenvironment,thenitrogencanhaveaseriesofecologicalimpacts.Ithelpsalgaegrowmuchfasterthantheywouldnormally,whichisharmfultohumans,otheranimalsandplants.Andwhenthealgaeeventuallydie,theproblemisnotover.Microorganisms(微生物)thatfeedondeadalgaeuseupoxygeninthewater,leadingto“deadzones”,wheremanyspeciessimplycannotsurvive,inrivers,lakesandoceans.Althoughitispossibletotreatalgalblooms,manyofthecurrentmethodsarenotalwayseffectiveatgettingridofalloftheharmfulgrowth.Someofthesemethodscanevenleadtoadditionalpollution.Sothebeststrategyfordealingwiththeeffectsofnitrogenpollutionisprevention,saysPatriciaGlibert,anoceanscientistattheUniversityofMaryland.Almarazandherteamstatethatcontrollingnitrogenpollutioncouldbeapproachedmorequicklywithachangeineatinghabitsthatcouldsavebillionsofdollarsinthelongterm.12.WhichaspectofAmericans’dietdoesAlmaraz’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsnitrogencompounds. B.Itsalgalblooms.C.Itsamount. D.Itseffect.13.Whatcauses“deadzones”inthewater?A.Nooxygenformanyspecies.B.Deathoflotsofhealthyalgae.C.Microorganisms’over-consumptionofnutrients.D.Poisonouschemicalsreleasedbyharmfulalgae.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecurrenttreatmentsforalgalblooms?A.Theyarecostlybutinefficiently. B.Theymaycausesecondarypollution.C.Theymaykillallalgae. D.Theyareslowtotakeeffect.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhytheAlgaeGrowSoRapidly?B.WhyEatingTooMuchProteinHarmsthePlanet?C.HowtoPreventtheAirandWaterPollution?D.HowtoSolvetheProblemofWastewater?【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thenation’swastewaterisloadedwiththeleftoversfromproteindigestion:nitrogencompounds(氮化合物)thatcanfeedharmfulalgalblooms(藻华)andpollutetheairanddrinkingwater.(这个国家的废水中充满了蛋白质消化的残余物：氮化合物会滋生有害的藻类，污染空气和饮用水)”以及第二段中“MayaAlmaraz,abiogeochemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,andherteamwantedtoseehowmuchofthisnitrogenenteredintotheU.S.wastewatersystembecauseofaprotein-heavydiet.(加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔马拉兹和她的团队想知道，由于蛋白质含量高的饮食，有多少氮进入了美国的废水系统)”可知，加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔玛拉兹和她的团队研究关注的是美国人饮食由于蛋白质含量高，美国的水道中含有蛋白质消化的残余物：氮化合物，该物质对生物、空气和饮用水等造成了影响，故阿尔玛拉兹研究关注的是美国人饮食造成的影响。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Microorganisms(微生物)thatfeedondeadalgaeuseupoxygeninthewater,leadingto“deadzones”,wheremanyspeciessimplycannotsurvive,inrivers,lakesandoceans.(以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，导致河流、湖泊和海洋中的“死区”，许多物种根本无法在那里生存)”可知，以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，许多物种没有了氧气，导致了“死区”的出现。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Althoughitispossibletotreatalgalblooms,manyofthecurrentmethodsarenotalwayseffectiveatgettingridofalloftheharmfulgrowth.

Someofthesemethodscanevenleadtoadditionalpollution.(虽然有可能处理藻华，但目前的许多方法并不总是有效地消除所有有害的生长。其中一些方法甚至会导致额外的污染)”可知，当前对于藻华的一些处理方法容易造成额外污染即二次污染。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thenation’swastewaterisloadedwiththeleftoversfromproteindigestion:nitrogencompounds(氮化合物)thatcanfeedharmfulalgalblooms(藻华)andpollutetheairanddrinkingwater.(这个国家的废水中充满了蛋白质消化的残余物：氮化合物会滋生有害的藻类，污染空气和饮用水)”以及文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。B选项“为什么摄入过多的蛋白质会危害地球？”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CommonMistakesNewRunnersMakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,____16____,whichcaninterfere(妨碍)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.Ifyou’rejuststartingout,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.●DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.____17____.●____18____Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.●NotwearingtherightequipmentWhileitmaybetruethatyoudon’tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunning,____19____.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.●Runningthroughpain____20____.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember:Itdoesn’tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.A.manymakeanumberofcommonmistakesB.RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesC.NottakingrestdaysD.noteveryoneisfondofrunningE.Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningbylessthan10%eachweekF.It’simportantnottousethesamemusclesG.it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。【16题详解】上文“Runningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.(跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。)”和下文“whichcaninterfere(妨碍)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.(这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“CommonMistakesNewRunnersMake(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误。A项“许多人犯一些常见的错误”符合语境。故选A。【17题详解】上文“Oneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，E项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”指出运动量要循序渐进，符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一；根据下文“Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者会犯（几乎）每天都要运动的错误，C项“没有休息日”符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据本段标题“Notwearingtherightequipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文G项“it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要。其中“wearproperly”呼应标题中的“therightequipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选G。【20题详解】下文“Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain(如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，B项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合语境，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做。故选B。第二部分语言运用(共两节;满分25分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.Butafterrealizingthemonarchswereanendangeredspeciestheir____21____soonturnedintoaseriousmission.Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad____22____sincetheearly1990s,duetohabitat____23____andwidespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds(马利筋草)thatthemonarchs____24____fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden____25____forthemonarchs.Thegardengreworganicmilkweedsthat____26____andkeptthebutterflies.Tohelp____27____thelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation,theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown,butit____28____alot.Tocovertheexpense,theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheirhealthymilkweedsforpeopleto____29____.Althoughthefund-raisingdayswere______30______,theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople’ssupport.TheteamhaswontheSilverAwardfortheir______31______oftakingcareofbutterflies,buttheyarenot______32______withtheirwork.“Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof______33______toguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs,”saidNatalie.Intheawardceremony,theirteacherBrian______34______,“Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant______35______.”21.A.habit B.career C.hobby D.motion22.A.doubled B.declined C.restricted D.restored23.A.destruction B.assessment C.conservation D.obstruction24.A.fedto B.owedto C.reliedon D.livedin25.A.frequently B.secretly C.specially D.manually26.A.protected B.attracted C.tolerated D.trapped27.A.educate B.employ C.drill D.justify28.A.spent B.cost C.criticized D.underwent29.A.reward B.dominate C.digest D.plant30.A.long B.pleasing C.worth D.chaos31.A.ecology B.implement C.project D.assignment32.A.submitted B.stressedout C.wornout D.finished33.A.emission B.chemicals C.fossilfuel D.funds34.A.quoted B.replied C.commented D.recommended35.A.efforts B.offers C.effect D.affect【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在意识到帝王蝶是濒危物种后，她们的爱好很快变成了一项严肃的任务。A.habit习惯；B.career事业；C.hobby业余爱好；D.motion行动。根据上文中的“NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.”可知，娜塔莉和卡莉开始养帝王蝶是一种爱好，结合“Butafterrealizingthemonarchswereanendangeredspecies”可知，在她们了解到帝王蝶濒危现状，她们的“爱好”很快就变成了一项严肃的保护任务。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，由于栖息地遭到破坏和化学品的广泛使用，使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，自20世纪90年代初以来，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。A.doubled加倍；B.declined下降，减少；C.restricted限制；D.restored修复。根据下文中的“duetohabitat____3___

andwidespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds( 马利筋草 )thatthemonarchs____4___

fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.”可知，栖息地遭到破坏以及化学品的广泛使用使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，这使帝王蝶数量减少。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，由于栖息地遭到破坏和化学品的广泛使用，使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，自20世纪90年代初以来，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。A.destruction破坏；B.assessment估计；C.conservation保护；D.obstruction障碍。根据下文中的“andwidespreaduseofchemicals”可知，此处应讲述的是对帝王蝶不利的因素，由此可推断，此处指的是栖息地的“破坏”符合语境。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，由于栖息地遭到破坏和化学品的广泛使用，使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，自20世纪90年代初以来，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。A.fedto喂给；B.owedto归因于；C.reliedon依赖，依靠；D.livedin居住。根据下文中的“fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.”可知，帝王蝶的主要食物变得危险，由此可推断，此处指的是帝王蝶“依赖”的主食是马利筋草。故选C项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，女孩们与一个国家非营利组织合作，专门为帝王蝶种植了一个本土花园。A.frequently频繁地；B.secretly秘密地；C.specially特别地；D.manually手工地。根据下文的“Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds”可知，这个本土花园里种植的是帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，由此可推断，此处指的是“专门”为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：花园里种了有机马利筋草，吸引并留住了蝴蝶。A.protected保护；B.attracted吸引；C.tolerated忍受；D.trapped围困。根据上文中的“whichmadethemilkweeds(马利筋草)thatthemonarchs____4____fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.”可知，帝王蝶的主要食物是马利筋草，由此可知，本地花园里的有机马利筋草会“吸引”并留住帝王蝶。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助教育当地人维持帝王蝶的数量，她们在当地图书馆举办了一个关于帝王蝶的展览。A.educate教育；B.employ雇佣；C.drill操练；D.justify使公正。根据下文中的“theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.”以及“Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown”可知，她们在图书馆举行帝王蝶的展览，并且还想在镇上挂上有教育意义的标牌，由此可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶展览的目的是“教育”当地人保护帝王蝶。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们还想在镇上挂一个教育标志，但花了很多钱。A.spent花费，度过；B.cost花费，需付费；C.criticized批评；D.underwent经历。根据下文中的“Tocovertheexpense,theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheirhealthymilkweedsforpeopleto____9____.”可知，为了支付挂教有教育意义的标牌的费用，她们设立了一个摊位来挣钱，由此可知，此处指的是“花费”很大，spend的主语应是人，所以不能spend。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了支付费用，她们在农贸市场设立了一个摊位，出售她们的健康马利筋草供人们种植。A.reward奖励；B.dominate支配；C.digest消化；D.plant种植。根据常识和上文中的“theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheirhealthymilkweedsforpeople”可知，她们摆摊是为了卖健康的马利筋草供人们“种植”符合语境。故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：虽然筹款的日子很长，但在她们的努力和人们的支持下，她们终于成功地赚到了足够的钱。A.long长的；B.pleasing令人愉悦的；C.worth价值，值得的；D.chaos混乱。根据上文中的“theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople’ssupport.”可知，她们最终努力赚到了足够的钱，由此可推断，她们筹款的日子应该是“漫长的”符合语境。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该团队因照顾蝴蝶的项目获得了银奖，但她们的工作还没有完成。A.ecology生态学；B.implement工具，器具；C.project工程，项目；D.assignment任务。根据上文中的“Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden____5____forthemonarchs.”可知，女孩们与一个国家非营利组织合作，专门为帝王蝶建立了一个本地花园，由此可推断，此处指的是该团队因照顾帝王蝶“项目”而获奖。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：该团队因照顾蝴蝶的项目获得了银奖，但她们的工作还没有完成。A.submitted提交；B.stressedout使心力交瘁；C.wornout使筋疲力尽；D.finished完成。根据下文中的“Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof____13____toguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs”可知，她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划，说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未“完成”。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词及名词短语词义辨析。句意：娜塔莉说：“我们的下一步是减少化学物质的使用，以保证君主的安全环境。”A.emission释放；B.chemicals化学物质；C.fossilfuel化石燃料；D.funds基金。根据上文中的“Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad____2____sincetheearly1990s,duetohabitat____3____andwidespreaduseofchemicals”可知，由于滥用化学物质导致帝王蝶数量减少，由此可推断，此处指的是减少“化学物质”的使用。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她们的老师Brian评论道：“我为她们的不懈努力感到骄傲。”A.quoted引用；B.replied回复；C.commented评论；D.recommended推荐。根据下文中的“Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant____15____.”可知，此处为Brian老师对她们保护帝王蝶而获奖这一事情的“评论”。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词及动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她们的老师Brian评论道：“我为她们的不懈努力感到骄傲。”A.efforts努力；B.offers提供；C.effect影响；D.affect影响。根据上文中的“Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden____5____forthemonarchs.”以及“Tohelp____7____thelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation,theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown,butit____8____alot.”可知，女孩们为了保护帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，做保护帝王蝶的宣传活动等，她们在为保护帝王蝶做出很多努力，由此可推断，此处指的是老师为她们不断的“努力”感到骄傲。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Manyyearsago,adancebetweenclay(陶土)____36____firegaverisetoapieceofart:ceramic.Intheflamesburninginkilns(窑)aroundChinaintheXiaandShangdynasties,ceramic_____37_____(be)born.Ceramic____38____(make)byheatingrawmaterials,isoftenamixbetweenChinastoneandkaolinclay,inakilnatatemperatureashighas1,200degreesCelsius.Temperatureisthekeyto____39____(produce)ceramic.Ceramichasalsobeen____40_