中考英语专题复习周围的环境

周围的环境(Personalenvironment)(9)房屋与住所(Kindsofhomes)(10)居室(Roomsinhomes)(11)家具和家庭用品(Furniture&householditems)(12)社区(Community)七下M4Lifeinthefuture七下M6Aroundtown八上M2Myhometownandmycountry九下M3Lifenowandthen世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment）(74)国家与民族(Countriesandnationalities)(75)环境保护(Environmentalprotection)(76)人口(Population)八上M9Population九上M12SaveourworldPart1与本话题相关的核心词汇与短语环境问题environmentindustryrubbishpolluteplasticspreadendangeredwastewaterfactoryfarmdirtywastecausespreadoverinrecentyearsinthepastsituationenvironmentalproblemthrowawaybeworriedaboutheavyrainsealevelcutdownbeharmfultotroublenoiselitternaturaldestroywildair/water/noisepollutioninthefuture环境保护energycollectreducesavegovernmentimproverecycleusedenvironment-friendlypulltogethermakeadifferencetocomeupwithwiththismethodasmuch/manyaspossibletakeactioncleano...takeouttherubbishtakesteps/measuresmakecontributiontocallonprotect...from/againstsolvetheproblempolicyprotectreusegreenswitchoffpayattentiontotakecareofclearout周围环境介绍alongpastthewaytogetto=arriveat/in=reachgetoff/onintheeast/west/north/southofontheeast/west/north/southofacrossoppositetakea/an/the+交通工具near=nexttoonthecoasttotheeast/west/north/southofthroughoverthereinthemiddleofonone’sleft/rightthepopulationofPart2与本话题相关的核心句子、篇章及写作一、汉译英1.在未来，天气的改变并不意味着衣服的改变。_____________________________________________________________________2.海平面也会上升。_____________________________________________________________________3.也许在空中会有交通堵塞。_____________________________________________________________________4.当车的数量加倍时，污染也会加倍，甚至更糟糕。_____________________________________________________________________5.当人口增长过快时，它会导致许多问题，例如：太多的交通（堵塞）和噪音。_____________________________________________________________________6.交通状况总是很糟糕，更不用说空气污染了。_____________________________________________________________________7.也将会有更多当地的医院来满足增长的人口的需要。______________________________________________________________________8.污染是我们的大敌，我们要与之斗争。_____________________________________________________________________9.在一些地方，来自工厂的污染蔓延至城市和村庄。_____________________________________________________________________10.我们需要一个健康的环境，但是我们每天产生太多的废弃物。_____________________________________________________________________11.当你不需要灯的时候，关掉他们。_____________________________________________________________________12.不要浪费东西，尽可能长时间使用物品，把物品改成其他的东西来重新使用。_____________________________________________________________________13.把你的垃圾分类为：玻璃，塑料，纸和橡胶。_____________________________________________________________________二、完型填空Theenvironmentiseverythingaroundusinthenaturalworld.Itistheearth,theair,rivers,lakes,forestsandseas.Theseare1humanbeingsdependonforaliving.Allnaturalwasteis2.Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownbysmallcreatures,likethosewormsinthesoil.Thisistheir3.Thecarbondioxidethatpeopleandanimalsbreathe（呼吸）outisusedbyplantstobreatheandhelpthem4.Plantsgiveoutoxygenwhichpeopleandanimalsneedtobreathein.Plants5waterthroughtheirroots.Theypassitoutthroughtheirleaves6moisture（水分）.Thismoisture,togetherwithwatervapourcomingfromriversandseas,risesandturnsintowaterdropletsandformsclouds.Largerwaterdropletsthenfalldownintheformof7.Inthisway,thewatergoes8totheearth,riversandseastobeusedagain.However,humanshavemadealotofchangestotheearth.Thetechnologyandindustryhavemadelife9,buttheyalsoproducealotofnewwaste.Naturefindsthisnewwastehardor10torecycle.Manshalldealwiththisproblembeforeitistoolate.1．A．how B．what C．which D．where2．A．avoided B．allowed C．reduced D．recycled3．A．food B．hobby C．method D．support4．A．grow B．continue C．progress D．increase5．A．putaway B．giveoff C．takeup D．holdon6．A．like B．with C．in D．as7．A．wind B．rain C．storm D．shower8．A．forward B．about C．back D．away9．A．slower B．easier C．heavier D．cheaper10．A．helpful B．valuable C．impossible D．unnecessary三、语法填空AMostnewbabies11._____(be)borninthedevelopingcountries.Thesecountriesare12.______(find)inAfrica,SouthAmericaandpartsofAsia.InthedevelopedcountriesofEuropeandNorthAmerica,thepopulation(人口)isgrowingvery13._______(slow).Thisis14.______(连词)womeninthesecountrieshave,onaverage(平均),onlyoneortwo15.______(child).Inthedevelopingcountries,manywomenhavefiveormorechildren.In1950,aboutonequarteroftheworld'spopulationlivedinthedevelopedcountries.By2050,thesecountrieswillbehometoonlyaboutone16.________(ten)oftheworld'speople.Inthedevelopingcountries,morethanonebillionpeoplearestill17._______(live)belowthepoverty(贫困)line.Thesepeopledonothaveenoughfoodtoeatandtheyliveinpoorhousingconditions.Childrengetlittletimeatschoolandsuffer18._______(介词)manykindsofdiseases.Atthe19.________(begin)ofthe21stcentury,theworld'spopulationwasaroundsix20.______(billion).TheU.N.hassaidthattheworld'spopulationwillleveloff(平稳下降)at12.5billionbytheyear2100.Othergroupsthinktheworld'spopulationwillcontinuetogrow,reaching14billionbeforeitbecomesstable(稳定的),orevenfalls.BLondon,21._____(冠词)capitaloftheUK,22.______(have)apopulationofover9million.Fromabouttheyear1800untilWorldWarⅡ,Londonwasthe23.______(big)cityintheworld.Butnowtherearemanycitieswhicharemuchbiggerthanit.Londonisfamous24._____(介词)manythings.25.______(tour)comefromallovertheworldtovisititsfamousbuildings,enjoyitsbeautifulsceneryandhearthefamousclock,BigBen.Likemanybigcities,Londonhasproblemswith26.______(traffic)andpollutionwhichstopthecityfrom27._______(develop).Overone28._______(million)peopleadayusetheLondonunderground,buttherearestilltoomanycarsonthestreets.Theairisn'tclean,butitisanyhow29._______(clean)thanitwas100yearsago.Forme,thebestthingsaboutLondonaretheparks.Therearefiveinthecitycentre.30.______(连词)mychildren'sfavouriteplaceisHamleys,thebiggesttoyshopintheworld.四、阅读理解AThehumanpopulationontheearthgrowslargereachyear.Asaresult,moreandmorefoodneedstobeproducedinordertofeedeveryone.Becauseofclimate(气候)change,thistaskisbecomingevenmoredifficult.Inthepast,whenfarmerstriedtogrowmorefood,theywouldusemethodsthatweren'talwayshealthyfortheenvironment.Tosolvethisproblem,somescientistscarriedoutaresearchproject.Theyspentseveralyearstalkingtofarmers.Theywantedtoseewhatproblemsfarmerswerehavingandhowtheseproblemscouldbesolved.Thisledtothecreationofspecialrobots.Theserobotsmovearoundonfarmsandcollectmuchinformationaboutplants.Theycantakepicturesofplantsandcheckeachplant'sgrowth.Inthepast,thoughfarmersdidhaveinformationabouttheenvironmentandtheweather,theydidn'thavethetimeorabilitytocheckeachplant.Now,withtheserobots,theycan.Bycollectingmoreinformationaboutplants,scientistsbelievethatcomputerscanhelpfarmersknowhowtheirplantswillgrow.Forexample,ifrobotscanfindwhichplantsareill,farmerscanquicklytakethemawaybeforetheyareabletohurtotherplants.Theinformationwillalsoallowfarmerstoonlyfertilizeandwatertheplantsinneed.Andthentheycanbemuchstrongerandhealthier.Sostudyingeachplantcouldendupsavingtimeandmoney.()31.Whatmakesthetaskofproducingmorefoodbecomemoredifficult?A.Farmworkers. B.Researchprojects.C.Climatechange. D.Populationgrowth.()32.Whatspecialabilitydotherobotsinthetexthave?A.Tocheckeachplant. B.Totelltheweather.C.Totakepicturesoffarmers. D.Totakeawayplants.()33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fertilize”inthetextprobablymean?A.收割 B.施肥 C.排列 D.降温()34.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Afilmwebsite. B.Ahistorybook.C.Atouristguide. D.Asciencemagazine.BWiththedevelopmentoftheeconomy,theproblemoftheleft­behindchildren(留守儿童)hasbecomeaserioussocialproblem.Moreandmorepeoplebelieveweshoulddosomethingtohelpthem.Thebiggestproblemisthatthechildrenarealllookingforwardtothelovefromtheirparents.Manyofthemcanjustgetacalloraletterfromtheirparentshalfayearorseveralyears.Sosomechildrenstillcan'trememberwhattheirparentslooklike.Whentheymeettheirowntroubles,theyhavenoonetotalkwith.Nobodycangivethemenoughcare.Becauseofbeingtoofarawayfromtheirparents,thestudyoftheleft­behindchildrenisthesecondbiggestproblem.Fromareportabouttheirstudy,only2%ofthechildrengetgoodresults,while10%getcommonresultsand88%getpoorones.Whatapity!Therearealsomanyotherproblemsoftheleft­behindchildren,suchashavingnoability(能力)toprotectthemselves,unhealthylifestyles,spendingtoomuchpocketmoneyandtoomuchtimeontheInternetandsoon.Inaword,tosolvealltheproblemsoftheleft­behindchildrenneedsthegovernment,familiesandschoolstotrytheirbesttogether.()35.Whichisthemostseriousproblemoftheleft­behindchildrenaccordingtothepassage?A.Theydon'tstudywell. B.Theydon'tlovetheirparents.C.TheyarecrazyabouttheInternet. D.Theycan'tgetenoughlovefromtheirparents.()36.Manypeoplethink________.A.theleft­behindchildrenreceivemuchloveB.thegovernmentandfamiliesshoulddotheirbestC.weshoulddosomethingtohelptheleft­behindchildrenD.theparentsoftheleft­behindchildrendon'tcareaboutthem()37.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Theleft­behindchildren B.AserioussocialproblemC.Howtohelptheleft­behindchildren D.Theproblemsoftheleft­behindchildrenCTheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswereagreatsuccess.ChinakeptthepromisetoholdgreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadethempossible,likeprovidingenvironmentallyfriendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy(能源)carswith100%cleanenergyandreusingrainandsnowwater.Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn'tusecommonmaterialtomakeicebecauseitisn'tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months'hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO2directcoolingtechnology(技术).Amongallthe15icesportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO2directcoolingtechnologytomakeice.Asaresult,theycausedmuchlesspollution.Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenaturallightin.Wealsoreused70%ofthewasteheattokeepwarmanddry.AndweusedalargenumberofnewenergycarsattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswerethefirsttotrulyrealizegreenWinterOlympics,andtheysetnewstandards(标准)ingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssaidChinahadsetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.()38.HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO2directcoolingtechnology?A.18months. B.100weeks.C.15days. D.7years.()39.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that________.A.allthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsinthenearfutureB.theCO2directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworldC.thehigh­pressureliquidCOwilltotallytaketheplaceofR507soonD.nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics()40.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewGreenIce­makingTechnologyB.GreenTechnologiesUsedinSportsC.ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopmentD.TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics五、写作每年的6月5日是世界环境日，我国2024年世界环境日以“全面推进美丽中国建设”为主题，旨在深入学习宣传贯彻习近平生态文明思想，引导全社会牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，动员社会各界积极投身建设美丽中国、实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化的伟大实践。请按照以下提示，以“ProtectOurEnvironmentinDailyLife”为题，写一篇90词左右的倡议书。要求必须用到表格中的所有信息，对省略的信息进行适当补充，语句通顺，书写规范。采取行动(action)节省资源(saveresources)1.节省纸张：......2.节约用水：......3.节约用电：......4.节省木材：notuseone-off(一次性的)papercupsorchopsticks减少污染(reducepollution)1.保护树木花草2.绿色出行：......3.垃圾分类：......提出希望(hopes)……________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、汉译英1.那边有一家大的书店，就沿着这条街，在路的右边，银行对面。____________________________________________________________________________2.穿过街道，沿着这条街走，在路左侧的第三条街道左转。___________________________________________________________________________3.它在康河（theRiverCam）河畔，有大约120,000的人口。___________________________________________________________________________4.学生们和游客们喜欢沿河乘船旅游。___________________________________________________________________________5.海岸上的小村庄和沙滩在假期很受欢迎。___________________________________________________________________________6.在过去，我们住在一间小房子里。（当时）没有电灯，只有蜡烛。___________________________________________________________________________7.我们每年只能吃一两次肉。____________________________________________________________________________8.如今交通和旅游更加容易。____________________________________________________________________________9.一般来说，我认为如今的生活更好。____________________________________________________________________________二、完型填空ARichardwasborninCalifornia.He1withthreeoldersistersandtheyhadahappylife.Therewasfoodonthetableandhehadplentyofclothestoo.Theywenttogoodschoolsinthecity.Allthiswas2becauseoftheirfatherMichael.

Michaelwasbornina3familyinasmalltownjustoutsideMexicoCity.WhenMichaelwasaboy,therewasnotenoughfoodforhimtoeat,orfreshwatertodrink.Wheneverhewasthirsty,hewouldgototherivertocollect4.Michaellivedinasmallhouse.Manytimeshesleptonthe5,withjustablanketbetweenhimandtheground.

Thatallchangedattheageof17.Michael6totheUnitedStateswithhisfamily.ThefirstfewyearswerealmostasdifficultasitwasinMexico,but7thingsbegangettingbetter.

WhenMichaelturned19,hedecidedtogotoacommunitycollege.Hisfatherhadalwaysstressed(强调)the8oflearningEnglishwhiletheylivedinMexico.ThatwasveryusefultoMichaelnow.SoonMichaelbroughthomeexcellentreportcards(成绩报告单).9this,hewasabletogotouniversity.

Aftergraduatingfromtheuniversity,Michaelgotagreatjobthat10well,whichallowedhimtohelphisparents.Hesoonhadahappybigfamilyofhisown.

11.A.stoodup B.grewup C.livedup D.cutup12.A.possible B.patient C.important D.humorous13.A.big B.small C.rich D.poor14.A.food B.drink C.water D.juice15.A.bed B.table C.ground D.sofa16.A.travelled B.moved C.drove D.flew17.A.suddenly B.gradually C.clearly D.especially18.A.difference B.importance C.situation D.decision19.A.Becauseof B.Asfor C.Suchas D.Nextto20.A.spent B.took C.cost D.paidBIliveinPorto.ItisacityinthenorthofPortugal.Ithasapopulationofabout260,000people.Andit’sthe11biggestcityafterLisboninPortugal.It’sabeautifulcity.Peoplelike12aroundbecausetherearelotsofbeautifulstreets.Theyare13ofchurches,museumsandmarkets.ThereisaplacecalledFozwheretherearealotofoutdoorbarsand14.Peoplegothereattheweekendto15inthesun,enjoyfood,andwatchtheAtlantic.Theweatherhereisverydifferentfrom16inthesouthofPortugal.Thewintercanbevery17,anditsometimesrainsfordays.Thesummeriswonderful.It’ssunnybutnotusuallytoohot.Andit’spleasanttogotothemountainsorthebeach.WhatmanyvisitorslikethebestinPortoisthe18.Therearesomebeautifulbridges,andlotsofvisitors19boattrips.ButIthinkthebestthingsaboutPortoarethepeopleandtheatmosphere(氛围).It’squitesmallandit’sverysafeandfriendly.It’saworkingcityandithasarealsenseofhistory.Andthat’s20Ilikelivingheresomuch.()11.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth()12.A.walking B.driving C.running D.flying()13.A.fond B.careful C.sure D.full()11.A.toilets B.bookstores C.restaurants D.hospitals()15.A.teach B.fly C.fight D.sit()16.A.it B.that C.them D.this()17.A.wet B.dry C.snowy D.stormy()18.A.mountain B.street C.tower D.river()19.A.goout B.goon C.godown D.goup()20.A.what B.because C.why D.how三、语法填空Wouldyouliketoliveinacitywherebuildingsturnthelightsoffforyou,andself-drivingcarswillfindthe1._______(near)parkingspacethemselves?2._______(连词)itmightsoundalittlefarfromyou,3._____