新教材2024版高中英语Unit6SpaceandbeyondSectionⅡUsinglanguage学生用书外研版选择性必修第四册

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1submitvt.递交；呈递(文件等)vi.&vt.同意听从；屈服；倒戈(教材原句)Submitathree­minutevideo...提交一段三分钟的视频……❶submitanapplication/aclaim呈递申请书/书面要求❷Ishallsubmitthereporttothechairman.我将把报告提交给主席。❸Sherefusedtosubmittothreats.她面对威逼，拒不低头。❹Hesubmittedhimselftoasearchbytheguards.他只好让卫兵搜查。submit...to...把……提交给……submitto...听从于……(to是介词)submitoneselfto...使自己听从于……(to是介词)[单词积累]submissionn．屈服；提交(物)，呈递[即学即练]单句语法填空①Wewillsubmitourselves________yourarrangement.②Allimportantproblemsmust________(submit)tothecommittee.③Nocountrywouldsubmitto________(control)byanothercountry.完成句子④昨天他们把报告交给了老师。They________theirreports________theteacheryesterday.⑤法律曾要求女性听从自己的丈夫。Thelawrequiredthatawoman________herselftoherhusband.⑥你要上交一篇100字左右的摘要。Youareasked________anabstractofapproximately100words.2makecontactwith与……取得联系(＝getintouchwith)(教材原句)Willpeopleevermakecontactwithlifeonotherplanets？人们会与其他星球上的生命取得联系吗？❶IfinallymadecontactwithherinParis.我最终在巴黎与她取得了联系。❷Ihavekeptincontactwithmyrelativesbytelephone.我始终与亲戚保持着电话联系。❸Ilostcontactwithmyclosefriendseveralyearsago.几年前我和我的好挚友失去了联系。havecontactwith与……有联系keepincontact/touchwith与……保持联系losecontact/touchwith与……失去联系comeintocontactwith与……接触[即学即练]完成句子①Wedecidedto________________(与……取得联系)thefamoussoloistinthecitytoraisemoneyfortheProjectHope.②I________________(与……失去联系)SarahtenyearsagowhenshewenttoliveinAustralia.③Istill________________(与……保持联系)her—wewriteacoupleoftimeseveryyear.3sighup报名(教材原句)Signupforourspaceprogrammenow...现在就报名参与我们的太空支配吧……❶She'ssignedupforeveningclassesatthecommunitycollege.她已经报名参与社区高校夜间课程的学习。❷I'vesigneduptomakethesandwichesfortheparty.我已报名为聚会做三明治。signupfor报名参与……signuptodosth.报名做某事[即学即练]单句语法填空①Wehighlyrecommendthatyousignup________thecourseinourdepartment.②Youwantusers________(sign)upforyourservice,somakeitaseasyforthemaspossible.③Itookadeepbreath,andIsignedup________(play),andIfeltprettygood.4(教材原句)SogreatwasthedistancefromEarththatitwould/shallneedtotravelforalmostsixyearstoreachitsdestination.从地球到土星的距离是如此之远，以至于它将须要航行近6年才能到达目的地。[句式解构]这是一个倒装句。在so/such...that...结构中，so/such...置于句首时，要用部分倒装结构。so...that...中so...位于句首引起部分倒装❶Socoldisitthatyoucan'tgooutside.天气太冷了，你不能出去。❷Sowellhavethekidsdonethattheydeserveourpraiseandthanks.孩子们做得那么好，值得我们的表扬和感谢。❸SuchacomplexproblemisitthatIfindithardtosolve.这是一个如此困难的问题，以至于我发觉它很难解决。[学法点拨]such...that...中such...位于句首时也引起部分倒装。[即学即练]改为倒装句①Theattackwassosuddenthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.→________________thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.②Itwassonoisythatwecouldn'thearourselvesspeak.→________________thatwecouldn'thearourselvesspeak.③Itwassuchasmallroomthatthebedonlyjustfit.→________________thatthebedonlyjustfit.识登记列重要学问点①awesomeadj.很好的，了不得的②simulatedadj.仿照的，模拟的，仿真的→simulatev．仿照→simulationn．仿照→simulatorn．模拟器，(用于人员训练的)模拟装置③lifelikeadj.(图画，模型等)生动的，逼真的→vividadj.生动的，逼真的，清楚的④collidewith...和……相撞/冲突⑤bring...backtoone'sattention使……重新引起某人的留意⑥makethemostof充分利用⑦applyfor申请情态动词语法新知·连接课堂一、语法现象感知①Millionswatchedthatfirstlunarlandingonblackandwhitetelevisionsets,theirheartsintheirmouths,awareofhowarduousandhazardousanundertakingitwas,andofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong.②Withtheeyesofstudentsacrossthenationuponher,shemighthaveinspiredanentirelynewgenerationofastronautsandspacescientists.③“Icanrememberthatdaysoclearly,watchingthetake­offonTVatschool，”saidonestudent.④ThesacrificeoftheChallengercallstous,remindingusthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestars,nomatterhowdistanttheymightseem.二、语法规则理解1．句①中的could表示________，可能……。2．句②中的mighthavedone是对________发生的事情的不是很确定的推想。3．句③中的can表示________。4．句④中意为“必需；确定”，表示________或义务等。语法探究·核心突破1.情态动词主要有：can,could,beableto,may,might,will,would,usedto,shall,should,oughtto,must,haveto,need,dare等。2．情态动词的基本用法：(1)can,could和beableto的用法①表示实力，意为“会，能……”。②表示恳求、许可，意为“可以……”。相当于may。③表示客观可能性，意为“有时候会……”。④表示惊异、怀疑、不信任的看法。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，意为“原委、莫非会”。Howcanyouspeaktoyourmotherinarudemanner?你怎么能对你妈妈讲话如此粗鲁呢？⑤cannot/never...too...或cannot...enough意为“无论怎么……也不过分；越……越好；特别……”。Onecannotbetoocareful/carefulenough.一个人越细致越好。⑥beabletodosth.表示利用实力做成某事。Hewasabletofinishthetaskbyhimself.他能自己完成那项工作。(2)may和might的用法①表示允许、许可，意为“可以”。否定回答用mustn't，表示“禁止、阻挡”；但也可以用maynot表示“不行以”。②构成固定短语may/mightwell/easily，意为“很可能……”。(3)will,would和usedto的用法①would表示过去习惯发生的动作，意为“(从前)常常，常常”。②will/would还表示意愿。③won't/wouldn't还表示……打不开、关不上或发动不起来等。Mycarwon'tstart.Theremustbesomethingwrong.我的车启动不起来。它确定是出毛病了。④usedto表示过去常常做某事，但现在不再做了；其否定形式：usednotto/didn'tuseto；一般疑问形式；Did＋主语＋useto＋动词原形＋其他；特别疑问形式；特别疑问词＋did＋主语＋useto＋动词原形。(4)shall,should和oughtto的用法①shall用于疑问句中，与第一、三人称连用，表示提建议、征求对方的看法或恳求指示等。②shall用于陈述句中，与其次、三人称连用，表示说话人的嘱咐、警告、强制、承诺、威逼或决心等以及用于法律、规则中等。③should/oughtto表示建议、责任、义务时，意为“应当”。④should表示惊异、缺憾、赞美、不满等心情时，意为“竟然；尽然”。(5)must和haveto的用法①must表示义务、嘱咐、必要性等，意为“必需，得，要”。②mustn't表示“禁止，不许”，与maynot同义。③must表示固执、不满等，意为“偏偏，硬要；偏要”。④haveto不得不……；don'thaveto不必；没必要。(6)need/dare①need作为情态动词，意为“须要”，后接省to不定式，多用于否定句和疑问句中，且只有现在时。②在回答need的疑问句时，确定回答用must，否定回答用needn't/don'thaveto。③need作为实义动词，意为“须要”且主语跟need后的动词构成逻辑上的被动关系时，need后接doing或tobedone。doing表达被动含义。Theroomissodirty.Itneedscleaning/tobecleaned.这屋子很脏，须要打扫了。④dare作为情态动词，意为“敢，敢于”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。后接省to不定式，其过去式为dared。⑤dare作为实义动词，后接带to不定式；在否定句和疑问句中to可以省略。3．情态动词表示推想(1)must表示推想时，意为“确定”，用于确定句中。后接动词原形是对现在状况的推想。Bobisveryfat.Hemustlikefoodwhichcontainsalotoffat.鲍伯很胖。他确定宠爱吃富含脂肪的食品。(2)can和could表示推想时，意为“可能”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。后接动词原形是对现在状况的推想。Thatmancan'tbeJohn,becauseheisonbusinessinHongKongatpresent.那名男子不行能是约翰，因为他目前正在香港谈生意。(3)may和might表示推想时，意为“可能”，可用于确定句、疑问句或否定句中。后接动词原形是对现在状况的推想。—AreyougoingtoattendMary'sgraduationparty?—I'mnotsure.Imay/mighthavenotimethen.——你准备参与玛丽的毕业典礼吗？——我不能确定。我那个时候可能没时间。(4)should/oughtto表示推想时，意为“理应，应当”，表示某个状况是合理的，符合逻辑的。可用于确定句、疑问句或否定句中。Thosechildrenleftschoolatfouro'clock.Theyshould/oughttobeathomebynow.那些孩子们是四点钟离开学校的。他们现在应当在家里了。微点拨依据推想可能性大小排列如下：must>can>could>may>might4．情态动词＋havedone的用法(1)musthavedone表示对过去发生的状况的推想，只用于确定句中。Tomwentouttoplayfootball.Hemusthavefinishedhishomework.汤姆出去踢足球去了。他确定是完成作业了。(2)canhavedone和couldhavedone的用法①can/couldhavedone表示对过去发生的状况的推想，用于否定句和疑问句中。②couldhavedone表示过去原来能做某事，但事实上并未做。Youcouldhavewonthefirstprizeinthiscompetition,butyouweretoonervous.你原来能在竞赛获得第一名的，但你太惊惶了。(3)mayhavedone和mighthavedone的用法①mayhavedone和mighthavedone都可用于对过去发生的事情的推想，可用于确定句中。MrLeewasn'tpunctualforthemeeting.Hemighthavebeencaughtinthetrafficjam.李先生没有按时参与会议。他可能是遇上了交通堵塞了。②mighthavedone表示原来可能做某事，但事实上未做，其程度比could小。YoumighthavemetYaoMinginthestadium,butyoucamelate.你原来可能会在体育场见到姚明的，但你来晚了。(4)shouldhavedone和oughttohavedone都表示原来应当做某事，但事实上未做。Youshouldn'thaveshoutedatyourparentsyesterday.Youmusthavebeencrazy.你昨天不应当对你的父母大喊的。你确定是疯了。(5)needn'thavedone的用法needn'thavedone表示原来没必要做某事，但事实上做了。Asitwasasmallhouseparty,weneedn'thavedressedupsoformally.结果只是个小型的家庭聚会，我们没必要穿得那么正式。Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Severalinnovativeideasareexperimentedwith________(模拟的)devicesintheinstitute.2．This________(模拟装置)isdesignedtotestthedifficultproblemsoftheastronomy.3．This________(逼真的)statueintheoldtempleamazedalltheviewers.4．Alltheapplicantsshould________(提交)theirapplicationwrittenbyhandtothechairwoman.5．Thefactthatsomanypersonsobtainedthebonusis________(了不得的)．Ⅱ.短语填空makecontactwith,belikelyto,havethechanceto,befoundedin,bring...backtopublicattention,signupfor,takepartin,collidewith1．Theambitioustrainee________________themanagerafterthinkingtwice.2．Thisinvestigationaboutfoodsafetyconductedbythechairmanlastmonth________________thatwell­knowncompany________________．3．Thecommercialexpoenablesfansofreligiousmuralsto________________appreciatethisgloriousculture.4．Thosefreshmen________________EnglishDramaClubenthusiasticallywhentheyknewthattheclubwasrecruitingnewmembers.5．Thisinstitute________________1980tostudyIChingandTheAnalects.6．Themanager________________abusehispowerforlackofsupervision.7．Ultimately,only3qualifiedhistorians________________thestudyofTheAnalects.8．Whathesays________________whathedoes,whichexceedswhatothersexpectofhim.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Jimsayswe________stayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.2．ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver—perhapshe________learnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.3．Whenshehadtime,she________bringfoodandmedicinetothem.4．Iwonderifparents________alwaystellthetruthnomattertheconsequences.5．Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyou________master.6．Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucould________(do)better,whynotofferyourselfacompassionateresponse?7．Pauldidagreatjo