山东省德州禹城市2021-2022学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

2021~2022学年第二学期期中教学质量检测八年级英语试题（满分：150分时间：120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请将选择题答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡指定题号里；将非选择题的答案用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效。3.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。一、听力测试（共25小题，1-20小题，每小题1分；21-25小题，每小题2分，总计30分；每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间）（一）录音中有五个句子，每个句子听两遍，然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。（5分）1.A.That’sright.B.Yes,please.C.Hereyouare.2.A.Great.B.Soundswonderful.C.That’sapity.3.A.Yes,theyhave.B.No,theyhaven’tyet.C.Whynot?4.A.SinceFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.That’stheproblem.5.A.Notusually.B.You'rewelcomeC.Goodidea.（二）录音中有三个句子，每个句子对应一幅图片,每个句子听两追,然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。（3分）6._________7._________8._________（三）录音中有五组对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。（5分）9.HowdidJanefeelatfirst?A.Angry.B.Happy.C.Sad.10.WhereareLucy’sparents?A.Germany.B.France.C.Egypt.11.Whatdoestheboywanttobewhenhegrowsup?A.Ascientist.B.Anastronaut.C.Amodelplanemaker.12.Whydoesn’tthegirlhaveachocolatecake?A.Becauseshedoesn’tlikesweetfood.B.Becausesheisfull.C.Becauseshehasatoothache.13.What’stheboy’sfavouritecartooncharacter?A.Superman.B.Spiderman.C.Garfield.（四）录音中有一段长对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。（4分）14.What’sthematterwiththegirl?A.Toothache.B.Stomachache.C.Cough.15.Whatisthegirl’stemperature?A.36.5℃.B.35.6℃.C.39.6℃.16.Howoftenshouldshetakethemedicine?A.Onetimeaday.B.Twotimesaday.C.Threetimesaday.17.Whatdoesthedoctoradvisethegirltokeepawayfrom?A.Junkfood.B.Computers.C.Cooldrinks.（五）录音中有三小段独白，听独白两遍后，根据独白内容,将信息配对。（3分）18.MaryA.watchChinesecartoons19.JackB.dreamtobeanastronaut20.PaulaC.makechocolatecookies（六）听力填表。文章是关于我最喜欢的动画片的介绍，听短文两遍后，完成表格，每空一词。（10分）MyfavouritecartoonfilmMaincontent（内容）ArobotnamedWallEtrytocleanthe21.________afterpeoplehavepollutedit.Characters（角色）WallEandEvePlots（情节）Theymeetpeoplewholiveonabig22.________;Manyfunnythingshappenbutthestoryis23.________too;Intheend,theyallreturntotheearthtomakeitbeautifuland24.________again;Italsoteachesustothinkmorecarefullyaboutour25.________andpollution.二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分,计50分）阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。A篇Sometimeswefeelgood,suchaswhenwegetgoodgradesorwhensomethinggoodhappens.Sometimeswefeelbad,suchaswhenweargue(争论)withourclassmatesorwhentheteacherscriticize(批评)us.Bothkindsoffeelingsarecommon.Ofcourse,weallenjoygoodfeelings,butwhenwefeelunhappy,sometimeswedon’tknowwhattodoaboutit.Hereisaplanthatwillhelpyouwhenyourfeelingarebothering(使烦恼)you.ACCEPTyourfeelings.Saytoyourself,“Iamsad.”“Iamscared.”“Iamangry.”“Iamembarrassed(尴尬的).”It’sallrighttohavethesefeelings.RELAXandhavearestbeforeyouact.Takeslowdeepbreaths(呼吸)andrelaxyourbody.Imaginethatyouareinasafeplace.Youcanlistentosomemusicorsingabeautifulsong!THINKaboutwaystohelpyourself.Thinkinghelpsyoudosomethingsmartinsteadof(代替)hurtingyourselformakingthingsworse.DOsomethingtohelpyourself.Maybeyoucantalktosomeone,ordosomethingyouenjoy.Ifitdoesn’twork,gobacktoStep3.1.Wefeelunhappywhen________.A.wegetgoodgrades B.everythinggoeswellC.someoneisproudofus D.wehaveafightwithourclassmates2.Ifyouwanttorelaxyourselfbeforeyouact,youcan________.A.saytoyourself,“Iamsad.”B.listentosomemusicorsingabeautifulsongC.thinkaboutwaystohelpyourselfD.watchthrillerswithyourfriends3.“THINK”canhelpyou________.A.dosomethingsmart B.hurtyourselfC.makethingsworse D.wasteyourtime4.Theunderlinedpart（划线部分）“Ifitdoesn’twork,”inthepassageprobablymeans“________”.A.Ifitisbroken B.Ifitcan’tinterestyouC.Ifitiswrong D.Ifitcan’thelpyou5.Thepassagetellsus________.A.weallenjoygoodfeelings,butbadfeelingsareunusualtousB.wecandonothingwhenwefeelbadC.whatwecandowhenwefeelunhappyD.whatwecandowhenwefeelhappy【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.D5.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，文章针对当你不开心的时候，给出了几点建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sometimeswefeelbad,suchaswhenweargue(争论)withourclassmatesorwhentheteacherscriticize(批评)us.”可知，当我们与同学发生争吵时，我们会感到不开心。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“RELAXandhavearestbeforeyouact.”和“Youcanlistentosomemusicorsingabeautifulsong!”可知，如果你想在行动前放松一下，你可以听一些音乐或唱一首美妙的歌。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thinkinghelpsyoudosomethingsmart...”可知，思考能让你做一些明智的事情。故选A。4题详解】词句猜测题。根据“gobacktoStep3.”可知，如果这个方法帮不了你，你可以回到第三步，可知划线部分意思为“如果他帮不了你”。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“Hereisaplanthatwillhelpyouwhenyourfeelingarebothering(使烦恼)you.”可知，文章针对当你不开心的时候你可以做什么，给出了几点建议。故选C。B篇CoronavirusVS.ThefluThenovelcoronavirusisnotstrangetoanyonenow.YoumayhaveheardthatCOVID-19isliketheflu（流感）,buthowcanyoutellthedifferencebetweenthefluandCOVID-19?BoththefluandCOVID-19cangiveyouafever,aheadache,acough,asorethroatandbodyaches.Theybothmakeyoufeelawfulalloverthatyou’retooweaktodonormalactivities.However,COVID-19cancausemoreseriousillnesses.Theymaymakeyouhavedifficultybreathing（呼吸）orexperiencealossoftasteandsmell.COVID-19andthefluarebothcausedbydifferentviruses（病毒）.Youcanprotectyourselffromthesevirusesbyfollowingtheserules.Washyourhandsoftenforabout20seconds（秒）eachtime;Improveyourhealthbyeatingfruitandvegetables,gettingenoughsleepandexercisingmoreinyourdailylife.You’reless（更少）likelytosufferfromanyofthevirusesifyouareinexcellentcondition;Stayathomeandoftentakeyourtemperatureifyouarenotfeelingwellorifyouhavecaughtacold;Coveryourmouthandnosewithafacemask（面罩）whenyouareoutside;Don’ttakepartinanypartiesorgotocrowdedplaces.6.WhatisthedifferencebetweenthefluandCOVID-19?A.TheCOVID-19willcausebodyaches,butthecommonfluwon’t.B.Peoplewhohavegotcommonflucanstilldonormalactivities.C.Thefluusuallycausesmoreseriousillnesses.D.TheCOVID-19maycausebreathingproblemsorexperiencealossoftasteandsmell.7.WhatareCOVID-19andtheflucausedby?A.cold B.viruses C.animals D.bacteria（细菌）8.Youwillhavelesschanceofsufferingfromanyofthevirusesifyou________.A.arehealthyenough B.don’tdoanyexerciseC.wearmoreclothes D.areinexcellentmood（心情）9.Ifyougooutside,whichofthefollowingshouldyoubelike?A. B. C. D.10.Ifafriendaskyoutotakepartinaparty,youshould________.A.gotherewithafacemask B.bringapresenttothemC.gotherewithotherfriends D.nottakepartintheparty【答案】6.D7.B8.A9.C10.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了流感和新冠肺炎病毒的区别，以及如何保护自己免受病毒的感染。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,COVID-19cancausemoreseriousillnesses.Theymaymakeyouhavedifficultybreathing（呼吸）orexperiencealossoftasteandsmell”可知，新冠肺炎病毒可能会导致呼吸问题或丧失味觉和嗅觉，故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“COVID-19andthefluarebothcausedbydifferentviruses”可知，都是由不同的病毒引起的，故选B。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“You’reless（更少）likelytosufferfromanyofthevirusesifyouareinexcellentcondition”可知，如果你足够健康，你就会有更少的机会患上任何一种病毒，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“Coveryourmouthandnosewithafacemask（面罩）whenyouareoutside”可知，出门时要带着口罩，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题根据“Don’ttakepartinanypartiesorgotocrowdedplaces”可知，不要参加任何聚会，故选D。C篇Whowerethebiggeststarsduringthewinterholiday?MaybetheBeijing2022mascots(吉祥物),BingDwenDwenandShueyRhonRhon.Nowyoucanseethemonthebigscreen!ThemovieMeandMyWinterGames(《我们的冬奥》)cameoutonFeb19.ThisisthefirsttimeinOlympichistorythatmascotshavestarredinamovie.BingDwenDwenandShueyRhonRhontraveltofourdifferentworldsandmeetmanyfriends.TheymeettheMonkeyKing,theCalabashBrothers(葫芦娃),JiuyueandAoliefromNon-Huma(《非人哉》),andVick(光头强)fromBoonieBears(《熊出没》).“Themovieislikeapartyoficonic(标志性的)Chineseanimatedcharacters,”saidWangYuren,themoviesproducer.“OurfilmisagiftforBeijing2022,”Wangadded.“Throughit,weshowthecheerful(乐观的),openandconfident(自信的)spiritofChina.”Moretoexplore(探索)Inthemovie,weseethecharactersplaymorethan10wintersports.Thetwomascotsaregoodskiers.Aolietriescurling(冰壶).TheCalabashBrothersteamupforicehockey(冰球).Themoviealsoincludesdifferentartstyles.Therearescenes(场景)with2Danimation,3DCGlanimation,stop-motionanimation(定格动画)andeventraditionalpuppetry(木偶戏).11.Whowerethesuperstarsduringthepastwinterholiday?A.BoonieBears. B.CalabashBrothers.C.JiuyueandAolie. D.BeijingWinterOlympicsmascots.12.Thisisthefirsttimethatthemascotsappearedina________.A.newspaper B.movie C.magazine D.song13.Inthismovie,BingDwenDwenandShueyRhonRhonmeetalotof________.A.famousathletes(运动员) B.foreignanimatedcharactersC.iconicChinesecartoonheroes D.othercountriesmascots14.Whatdoesthisfilmwanttoshowtheaudience(观众)?A.Thewonderfulskillsoftheathletes.B.Thecheerful,openandconfidentspiritofChina.C.Differenttravelexperiencesindifferentcountries.D.Themoderntechnology(技术)inBeijingWinterOlympicGames.15.Whatcanwealsoexplorefromthismovie?A.Somewintersportsandotheranimationforms.B.Onlysomekindsofwintersportsthatwearenotfamiliar(熟悉)with.C.Thedangerousadventures(冒险)ofthesecartoonheroesindifferentplaces.D.Thehistoryoftheseclassicalanimatedcharactersandwhytheyaresopopular.【答案】11.D12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文，主要讲述了北京冬奥会的吉祥物冰墩墩和雪容融在电影《我们的东奥》中的表现。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whowerethebiggeststarsduringthewinterholiday?MaybetheBeijing2022mascots”可知，北京2022冬奥会的吉祥物是寒假期间的大明星。故选D。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据“ThisisthefirsttimeinOlympichistorythatmascotshavestarredinamovie.”可知，冰墩墩和雪容融第一次出现在电影里，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据“Themovieislikeapartyoficonic(标志性的)Chineseanimatedcharacters”可知，在电影中，冰墩墩和雪容融遇见了很多中国卡通英雄。故选C。14题详解】细节理解题。根据“Throughit,weshowthecheerful(乐观的),openandconfident(自信的)spiritofChina”可知，这部电影想给观众展示开朗、开放、自信的中国精神。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据“Inthemovie,weseethecharactersplaymorethan10wintersports.”和“Themoviealsoincludesdifferentartstyles.Therearescenes(场景)with2Danimation,3DCGlanimation,stop-motionanimation...”可知，我们可以从这部电影中探索到一些冬季运动和其他动画形式。故选A。D篇ThemoonisEarth’sclosestneighbor.Itisthebrightestobject（物体）inthenightsky.Scientistshavestudiedthemoonforthousandsofyears.Learnmoreaboutthemoon.Themoonisabout4billionyearsold.Itismadeofrock.Itiscoveredwithcraters.Theyweremadewhenobjectshitthemoon’ssurface（表面）.Themoonhasnoweather.Thatmeansthereisnowindorrain.Footprintsleftbyastronautscouldlastbillionsofyears.Themoonhaseightphases.Onceamonth,weseeafullmoon.Sometimeswecan’tseethemoonatall.TheshapeweseedependsonhowtheEarth,sun,andmoonlineup.Only12peoplehavewalkedonthemoon.U.S.astronautNeilArmstrongwasfirst,in1969.HetookthisphotoofEdwin“Buzz”Aldrin.Astronautsfirstflewtothemoonin1968.Thatwasover50yearsago.ThemissionwascalledApollo8.OneoftheastronautstookonefamousphotoofEarth.Whataview!16.Whyisthemoonthebrightestobjectforpeopletoseeinthenightsky?A.Becausethemooncanemit（散发）lightbyitself.B.Becausethemoonisabigfireballjustlikethesun.C.BecausethemoonistheclosestspaceobjecttoourEarth.D.Becausethereismuchwateronthesurfaceofthemoon.17.Howoldisthemoon?A.Forthousandsofyears. B.About4500millionyearsold.C.Olderthantheearth. D.About45billionyearsold.18.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“craters”?A.火山 B.岩石 C.冻土 D.月球坑19.HowmanyotherastronautshavewalkedonthemoonexceptNeilArmstrong?A.8 B.11 C.12 D.Wedon’tknow20.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thereisnoweatherlikewindorrainonthemoon.B.Wecanalwaysseethemoonduringonemonth.C.Astronautsfirstflewaroundthemoonin1969.D.Onthemoon,astronautscan’tseetheEarth.【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.B20.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了有关月球的相关事实。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThemoonisEarth’sclosestneighbor.Itisthebrightestobject（物体）inthenightsky”可知，因为月球是离地球最近的太空物体，故选C。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“Themoonisabout4billionyearsold”可知，大约有40亿年的历史，故选B。【18题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Theyweremadewhenobjectshitthemoon’ssurface”可知，物体撞击月球表面时会产生坑，所以划线单词表示“月球坑”，故选D。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据“Only12peoplehavewalkedonthemoon.U.S.astronautNeilArmstrongwasfirst,in1969”可知，只有12个人在月球上行走过，除了NeilArmstrong还有11名宇航员，故选B。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据“Themoonhasnoweather.Thatmeansthereisnowindorrain”可知，月球上没有像风或雨这样的天气，故选A。三、短文还原（共5空，每空2分，计10分）阅读短文，将短文下面方框中句子还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整﹑衔接自然。Wedoeyeexercises.Wewearsunglasses.Wedolotsofthingstoprotectoureyes.Butweusuallyforgetanotherimportantpartofourbody—theears.____21____Butmanythings,suchasloudnoises,cancausehearingloss.Oncethishappens,it’shardtogetyourhearingback.____22____Let’stakealooktogether.Keepyourearsdryandwarm.Dryyourearswithatowel（毛巾）afterswimmingortakingabath.Ifyoufeelwaterinyourears,shakeyourheadalittlebit.____23____Howtocleanyourears?____24____Theearwax（耳屎）buildsup,driesoutandthencomesoutoftheearsalongwithsomedirt（污物）.Don’tcleanyourearswithanythingsharp,oritcanmaketheearwaxgotoodeepintoyourearsandhurtthem.Butifyourearsstarttohurt,youcangotoadoctorforhelp.Howtouseheadphones?____25____Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphone’smaximumvolume（最大音量）fornomorethan60minutesaday.Over-the-earheadphonesarebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobinstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.A.Don’tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.B.Thiscanhelpyougetthewateroutofyourears.C.Usually,ourearscleanthemselves.D.Sohowcanweprotectourears?E.Earshelpusheartheworld.【答案】21.E22.D23.B24.C25.A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了我们身体的另一个很重要的部分——耳朵，及如何保护我们的耳朵。【21题详解】根据“Butweusuallyforgetanotherimportantpartofourbody—theears.”可知，上文提到了耳朵，下文要介绍耳朵对我们的重要性。与其对应的应该是选项E。“耳朵帮助我们听到了世界”符合语境。故选E。【22题详解】根据下文“Keepyourearsdryandwarm.”“Howtocleanyourears?”可知，保持耳朵干燥温暖，如何清理耳朵，这些都是谈论如何保护耳朵的，与其对应的应该是选项D。“因此如何能保护我们耳朵”符合语境。故选D。【23题详解】根据“Ifyoufeelwaterinyourears,shakeyourheadalittlebit.”可知，如果你感觉耳朵里有水，轻微地摇摇头。选项B“这能帮助你把水从耳朵里弄出来”符合语境。故选B。【24题详解】根据“Theearwax（耳屎）buildsup,driesoutandthencomesoutoftheearsalongwithsomedirt（污物）.”可知，耳屎形成变干然后从耳朵里出来选项C“通常耳朵能自己清理”符合语境。故选C。【25题详解】根据“Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphone’smaximumvolume（最大音量）fornomorethan60minutesaday.”可知以不超过耳机的最大音量的百分之六十听音乐，一天不超过六十分钟。选项A“不要戴着耳机长时间听音乐”符合语境。故选A。四、综合填空（共20空，每空1.5分，计30分）A篇tastespeaknervouseverhobbyDifferentpeoplehavedifferent____26____.Iaskedsomeofmyfriends.Hereiswhattheysay:Nina:Ihaveasweettooth,soIoftencookdifferentkindsofsweetfood,suchaschocolatecakes,applepiesandcookies.Lookatthiscake!Imadeitjustnow.It____27____delicious.Tryapiece,please!Zixuan:Iliketravellingbest.Ihave____28____beentoJapanandSingaporeinAsia,England,FranceandGermanyinEuropeandsoon.Bytravelling,Icanbothenjoythebeautifulsightsandpractisemyforeignlanguagespeaking.Atfirst,Iwasquite____29____whenIwaswithstrangers.Butnow,lamgoodat____30____English,FrenchandJapanese.Ireallymissthosegooddays.【答案】26.hobbies27.tastes28.ever29.nervous30.speaking【解析】【导语】本文介绍了作者的两个朋友关于爱好的不同看法。【26题详解】句意：不同的人有不同的爱好。根据下文“Iliketravellingbest.”及备选词汇hobby可知，这篇文章介绍了不同的人有不同的爱好。different修饰复数名词，hobby的复数形式为hobbies。故填hobbies。【27题详解】句意：它尝起来很美味。根据上文“Lookatthiscake!”可知，主语It指代“thiscake”，因此备选词汇taste符合语境，句子应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语应用动词taste的三单形式tastes。故填tastes。【28题详解】句意：我曾经到过亚洲的日本和新加坡、欧洲的英国、法国和德国等等。根据上文“Iliketravellingbest.”及备选词汇ever可知此处应是指曾经去过这些地方。故填ever。【29题详解】句意：刚开始，当我和陌生人在一起时，我很紧张不安。根据下一句“Butnow,lamgoodat…English,FrenchandJapanese.”可知，现在我擅长讲英语、法语和日语，结合备选词汇nervous可知刚开始时应是感到很紧张。故填nervous。【30题详解】句意：但是现在，我很擅长讲英语、法语和日语。根据“begoodat”、“English,FrenchandJapanese”及备选词汇speak可知，此处应用动词speak的动名词speaking。故填speaking。B篇laughfightsmartcreatewinWatchingcartoonsisoneofthemostrelaxingactivities.Forme,CalabashBrothers(《葫芦兄弟》）ismyfavouritecartoon.Itisastorythatthesevencalabashbrotherskeep____31____againstascorpion(蝎子)andasnaketosavetheirgrandpa.Ilikethesixthonebest.Ithinkheisthe____32____inthesevenbrothers.ThecartoonreallysatisfiesmeandIcan’thelp____33____asIwatchit.Thecartooncameoutinthelate1980sandeversinceit____34____theheartsofadultsaswellaschildren.Inthefuture,Ihopeartists____35____moregreatcartoonslikeCalabashBrothers.【答案】31.fighting32.smartest33.laughing34.haswon35.willcreate【解析】【导语】本文向我们介绍《葫芦兄弟》这部动画片。【31题详解】句意：这是一个葫芦七兄弟为了救爷爷而不断与蝎子和蛇搏斗的故事。根据“thesevencalabashbrotherskeep...againstascorpion(蝎子)andasnaketosavetheirgrandpa”可知，葫芦七兄弟为了救爷爷而不断与蝎子和蛇搏斗，fight“与……作斗争”，keepdoingsth“一直做某事”。故填fighting。【32题详解】句意：我认为他是七兄弟中最聪明的。根据“Ithinkheisthe...inthesevenbrothers.”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，备选词smart“聪明的”符合语境。本句给出范围“inthesevenbrothers”，the后加形容词最高级。故填smartest。【33题详解】句意：这部动画片真的让我很满足，我看的时候忍不住笑了。根据“ThecartoonreallysatisfiesmeandIcan’thelp...”可知，动画片让我很满足，所以忍不住笑了，laugh“笑”符合语境，can’thelpdoing“忍不住做某事”。故填laughing。【34题详解】句意：这部动画片问世于20世纪80年代末，从那时起，它就赢得了成年人和孩子的心。根据“Thecartooncameoutinthelate1980sandeversinceit...theheartsofadultsaswellaschildren.”可知，动画片赢得了人们的心，win“赢得”符合语境，时态是现在完成时。故填haswon。【35题详解】句意：在未来，我希望艺术家们能创作出更多像《葫芦兄弟》这样伟大的动画片。根据“Ihopeartists...moregreatcartoonslikeCalabashBrothers”可知，创作出更多像《葫芦兄弟》这样的动画片，create“创造”符合语境，时态是一般将来时。故填willcreate。C篇notdiscoverfindastronauttrynoneIstherelifeonotherplanets?Therearesevenotherplanetsinoursolarsystem,but____36____ofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth.Spaceshipsfromtheearthhavedonesurveysoftheotherplanets.Lotsofscientistsareworkinghardinordertosend____37____toMarsoneday.Now,theymadeit.ScientistshavesentspaceshipstotheplanetMars.SomeTVprogrammessaythatscientists____38____wateronMarsalready.Andthey____39____tofindlifeonMarsnow.Theyarelookingforlifebutthey____40____anylifethereyet.Buttheybelievethattheywillfinditsomeday.【答案】36.none37.astronauts38.havefound39.aretrying40.haven’tdiscovered【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了目前科学家对火星的探索。【36题详解】句意：太阳系里还有七颗行星，但没有一颗的环境像地球一样。根据“ofthem”可知，此处应用代词指代前文的“planets”，noneof表示三者及以上都不，符合语境，故填none。【37题详解】句意：许多科学家正在努力工作，为了有一天把宇航员送上火星。根据前文的“send”已经后文“toMars”可知，此处表示把宇航员送上火星，应用名词astronaut，此处空前无冠词修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填astronauts。【38题详解】句意：一些电视节目说科学家已经在火星上发现了水。根据空后的“water”，此处表示发现了水，应用动词find，结合时间状语“already”，此处应用现在完成时，故填havefound。【39题详解】句意：他们现在正试图在火星上寻找生命。根据“findlifeonMars”以及所给单词，此处表示尝试寻找生命，应用动词try，结合时间状语“now”，此处应用现在进行时，故填aretrying。【40题详解】句意：他们一直在寻找生命，但还没有发现任何生命。根据“anylife”可知，此处表示发现生命，应用动词discover，结合时间状语“yet”，此处应用现在完成时的否定形式，故填haven’tdiscovered。D篇medicinehavebeawfulconditionOnacoldanddrywintermorning,ifyougetup,feelthatyourthroat(喉咙)hurtsandlateryoucough,thenyoumust____41____acold!Youmayfeel____42____,butdon’tworry.Acoldisusuallyeasytodealwith(处理).Youjustneedtotake____43____regularly(有规律的),haveagoodsleepanddrinksomewarmwater.Thenyouwillbeingood____44____.However,thefluwillbemuchmoredangerousthanacold.Sometimesitcanbedeadly.TheSpanishflu,forexample,killedabout50millionpeoplefrom1918to1919.Ifyougetafluvaccine(疫苗),itcanstopyoufrom____45____ill.Fluvaccinesworkbycausingourbodytodevelopantibodies(抗体).Sonexttimeyougettheflu,theantibodiescanhelpyou.【答案】41.have42.awful43.medicine44.condition45being【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了应对感冒症状的有效方法。【41题详解】句意：如果你起床后觉得喉咙疼，然后又咳嗽，那么你一定是感冒了。haveacold表示“得感冒”，是固定短语，空前有情态动词must。此处动词用原形，故填have。【42题详解】句意：你可能会感到很糟糕，但是不要担心。感官系动词feel后面应用形容词，结合所给单词，应用形容词awful。故填awful。【43题详解】句意：你只需要定期服药，睡个好觉，喝些温水。takemedicine表示“吃药”，是固定短语，故填medicine。【44题详解】句意：那你的状况就会很好。beingoodcondition表示“状况良好”，此处指身体好，故填condition。【45题详解】句意：如果你接种流感疫苗，它可以防止你生病。空后有形容词ill，beill表示生病，空前有介词from，此处be动词应用动名词形式，故填being。五、阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。WangYaping,togetherwithZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,wentintospaceaboardtheShenzhouXIIIonOctober16th2021.The41-year-oldWangbecamethefirstfemaleastronaut（女航天员）toenterTiangongspacestation.Wang’sspacedreamstartedin2003,whenChinasentitsfirstastronautYangLiweiintospace.Atthattime,Wangwasapilot（飞行员）intheChinesearmy.Afterhavingsafeflightsfor1,600hoursovernineyears,Wangwasastrongcandidate（候选人）tobecomeanastronautin2010.Shepushedherselfhard,gettingthesametrainingasmen.“Thespaceenvironmentwon’tchangebecauseyouareawoman,”shetoldXinhua.Thehardestpartisthehigh-Gtraining.Sittinginaspinning（旋转的）machine,Wangwouldbecomeblindforawhilebecauseherbrainwasshortofblood.“There’saredbutton（按钮）,”saidWang.“Ifyoucan’tbearit,youcanpressittostop.”ButWangneverusedit.“Thereisnosuchredbuttoninmyheart.”Thatstrongspiritfinallymadeherdreamcometruein2013.ShejoinedtheteamfortheShenzhouXmission.Wangsaidthatasastronauts,womenhavetheirownadvantages（优势）.“Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Women’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapt（适应）totheweightlessenvironment,makingthemmoresuitableforlong-termmissions.”WangYapingwentalongwaybeforebecomingthefirstwomantoentertheTiangongspacestation.Shesetsagoodexampleforallwomenwhodreamofgoingtospace.46.IsWangYapingthefirstfemaleastronauttogointospaceortoenterTiangongspacestation?_______________________________________________47.Howlonghasshebeenapilotbeforeshebecameanastronaut?_______________________________________________48.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.(英译汉)_______________________________________________49.Whatmakesherdreamcometrue?_______________________________________________50.Whatistheadvantageofawomenastronaut?_______________________________________________【答案】46.ToenterTiangongspacestation.47.Overnineyears.48.太空环境不会因为你是一名女性而改变。49.Strongspirit.50.Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Andwomen’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapttotheweightlessenvironment.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了女宇航员王亚平成为第一位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员，为所有梦想进入太空的女性树立了一个好榜样。【46题详解】根据“The41-year-oldWangbecamethefirstfemaleastronaut（女航天员）toenterTiangongspacestation”可知，王亚平成为第一位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员。故填ToenterTiangongspacestation.【47题详解】根据“Atthattime,Wangwasapilot（飞行员）intheChinesearmy.Afterhavingsafeflightsfor1,600hoursovernineyears,Wangwasastrongcandidate（候选人）tobecomeanastronautin2010”可知，王亚平在成为宇航员之前，她已经当了9年多的飞行员。故填Overnineyears.【48题详解】Thespaceenvironment“太空环境”；won’t“不会”；change“改变”；句中because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”；youareawoman“你是一名女性”。故填：太空环境不会因为你是一名女性而改变。【49题详解】根据“Thatstrongspiritfinallymadeherdreamcometruein2013”可知，坚强的精神最终让她在2013年实现了梦想。故填Strongspirit.【50题详解】根据“Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Women’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapt（适应）totheweightlessenvironment”可知，女性可能更有耐心，能更好地应对孤独。女性的心脏也更容易适应失重环境