备考2025届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit6Earthfirst外研版必修第二册

Unit6EarthfirstRecently，theearthhasbeensufferingseveredisastersduetohumanactivity，suchasdroughtandflood，whichcauseamountsofdamage.Fortunately，everyonecancontributetoagreenerearth.Hereareafewsuggestionswecanadopttohelpreducethereleaseofcarbondioxide.Whenwedon’tuseelectricalappliancessuchasthebulb，theTV，thecomputerandotherdevices，unplugthemimmediately.Pleaseuserenewableenergyifpossible，forexample，solarorwindenergy.Takingwhitepollutionintoaccount，weshouldusesomereusablebottlesorbags.Besides，thereshouldbemorecampaignstourgeeveryonetodevotethemselvestoprotectingtheearth.Thereisnoneedtoaskforpermissiontotakeaction.Solet’sdosomethingrightnow！1devotevt.奉献；把……用于；致力1.[外研选必④－1]AfterSherlockHolmesmadehimahouseholdname，Doylegaveupmedicineanddevotedhimselfentirelytowriting（write）.点拨devoteoneselfto（doing）sth.致力于（做）某事，其中to是介词。2.SunJiadong’sdevotion（devote）toChina’sspaceindustryiswonderfullyinspiring.3.2008年，张桂梅创建了一所女子中学，把全部的时间和精力都投入了进去。（人物介绍）In2008，ZhangGuimeisetupanall-girlshighschool，towhichshedevotedallhertimeandenergy.（"介词＋which"引导的定语从句）4.我最崇拜的人是袁隆平，他一生致力于水稻生产。（人物介绍）ThepersonIadmiremostisYuanLongping，whodevotedhislifetoriceproduction.（定语从句）★devote…to…把……用于；献身，致力，用心★devotedadj.挚爱的；忠诚的；一心一意的bedevotedto（doing）sth.用心于（做）某事；致力于（做）某事★devotionn.关爱；奉献；用心2adoptvt.接受；实行；接受vt.&vi.领养1.Helivedonthestreets，andtheninanorphanage（孤儿院）.There，hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily（他被一个澳大利亚家庭收养）andflewtoTasmania.2.Peerpressurecaninfluencehowpeopledress，howtheytalk，whatmusictheylistento，whatattitudestheyadopt（实行什么看法）andhowtheybehave.3.我们已实行有效措施来限制我们所在地区的水污染。Wehaveadoptedeffectivemeasurestocontrolwaterpollutioninourarea.4.假如我接受了他的建议，我就能按时完成目标了。IfIhadadoptedhisadvice/suggestion，Ishould/would/couldhaveachievedmygoalonschedule.点拨"假如我接受了他的建议"是对过去发生的事情的假设，所以句子要用表示过去的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用"should/would/couldhavedone"。★adoptaplan/suggestion接受支配/接受建议★adoptionn.（想法、支配等的）接受；收养★adoptedadj.收养的；移居的3permissionn.准许，批准；许可证1.[人教选必①－4]Forexample，inmanyMiddleEasterncountries，menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomake（make）eyecontact.2.Itisabsolutelyimpolitetotakepicturesofthelocalpeoplewithoutaskingfortheirpermission（permit）.3.Thelibrarydoesn’tpermitcarrying（carry）foodincaseitleavesspotsonbooks.4.Ifweatherpermits，wewillgotothebeachtocollectplasticwastetomorrow.→Weatherpermitting，wewillgotothebeachtocollectplasticwastetomorrow.（独立主格）★withone’spermission经某人许可withoutpermission未经许可★permitvt.允许，准许vt.&vi.使有可能n.许可证permitdoingsth.允许做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事4amountn.数量，数额v.总计；相当于，等于1.[外研选必④－5]Althoughthebrainamountstoonlyabout2％oftotalbodyweight，itusesupto20％ofthebody’senergy—morethananyotherorgan.2.[北师必修③－8]TheamountofwasteinlandfillsinChinahasrisen（rise）exponentially（以指数方式）overthelastdecade.点拨theamountof表示"……的量"，后跟不行数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；再依据句中的overthelastdecade可知，空处应用现在完成时。留意rise的过去分词形式为risen。3.[北师必修③－8]Ahugeamountofwaste—800，000tonnes—isimported（import）eachyeartoproduceSweden’selectricity.4.[北师选必②－6]Aspresent-dayadvertisersoftenhavelargebudgets，hugeamountsofmoneyarespent（spend）onapplyingmoderndesigntechniquestomaketheseadvertisementsasvisuallyattractiveaspossible.点拨ahugeamountof和hugeamountsof都表示"大量的"，修饰不行数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的数要与amount保持一样。易混："largequantities/amountsof＋n."作主语时谓语动词用复数，而"alargequantityof＋n."作主语时谓语动词的数取决于of后面的名词。★theamountof＋不行数名词……的量（作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式）alarge/smallamountof＋n.[U]＋v.（单数）large/smallamountsof＋n.[U]＋v.（复数）★amountto共计，总计5urgevt.竭力主见，猛烈要求，敦促1.Aftertheflooding，peopleinthatareaurgently（urgent）neededcleanwater，medicineandsheltertosurvive.2.Therainyseasoniscoming.It’samatterofgreaturgency（urgent）torepairthedrainage（排水）andirrigationequipment.3.猛烈要求更常常地实行这类活动来丰富我们的校内生活。Itisurgedthatthiskindofactivityshouldbeheldmoreoftentoenrichourschoollife.（Itisurgedthat...）★urgesb.todo…督促某人做……Itis/wasurgedthat…shoulddo…有人主见……★urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的；急迫的urgentlyadv.迫切地，急迫地urgencyn.紧急，迫切6contributevi.促成，造成（某事发生）；vt.&vi.捐献，捐赠1.[北师必修③－8]Otherhumanactivities，suchasconstructionandtheburningofwaste，alsocontributetoairpollution.2.Forme，sheisgreatnotjustbecausesheisworld-famous，butbecauseshehasmadegreatcontributionstomankind（为人类做出了巨大贡献）.3.他在学生会的阅历对他后来工作上的胜利有很大帮助。Hisexperienceinthestudents’unioncontributedalottohissuccessinworklater.★contributeto（to为介词）捐献；有助于；导致contribute…to…把……贡献给……★contributionn.捐款；贡献；捐赠makecontributions/acontributionto…为……做贡献7oaccount把……考虑进去1.Hehadtoleavehisbelovedbasketballteamonaccountofhisinjuredlegs.2.Whenyougoonatrip，youshouldfirsttakeweatherintoaccount.3.Maryoftendoessometranslationworktoearnextramoney，whichaccountsforhalfofherincome.4.教授警告学生在他的课上决不能运用手机。Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountcantheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.（倒装）点拨onnoaccount置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。★accountfor说明，说明；（数量上、比例上）占onaccountof由于，因为onnoaccount决不8形容词（短语）作状语1.Surprised（surprise），Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.点拨通过本题比较形容词作状语与副词作状语的区分：Surprised，Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.（Surprised描述Tony的状态，即Tony自己感到惊异）Surprisingly，Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.（Surprisingly修饰整个句子，即"Tony站起来领奖"这件事让人很意外）2.我全神贯注地读书，都没留意到已经半夜了。Absorbedinreadingbooks，Ididn’tnoticethatitwasalreadymidnight.（absorbed）3.既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。Excitedandmoved，theywereintears.4.BecauseIwasunabletoaffordthetime，Ihadtogiveuptheplan.→Unabletoaffordthetime，Ihadtogiveuptheplan.（句式升级）形容词（短语）作状语：★说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。★表示行为方式、伴随状况、缘由、时间或条件等。★有些由动词的过去分词转化而来的形容词可以作状语，而非表示被动，这样的词有lost，occupied，absorbed，involved等。9倍数表达法1.[北师选必①－3]Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1，000timesfaster（fast）thannormal.2.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisfourtimeswhatitwastenyearsago.3.我的家乡过去十年变更特殊大，人们的收入是之前的好几倍。→①Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.People’sincomeisseveraltimeshigherthanbefore.（倍数＋adj.比较级＋than）→②Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.People’sincomeisseveraltimesashighasbefore.（倍数＋as＋adj.＋as）→③Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.People’sincomeisseveraltimeswhatitwasbefore.（倍数＋what从句）★A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj.原级＋asB★A＋be＋倍数＋adj.比较级＋thanB★A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词（size/weight/height/length...）＋ofB★A＋be＋倍数＋what从句前缀re-前缀re-有两重含义："重，又，再"和"回，向后"。本单元：re-（重，又）＋new（新的）＋-able（可……的）→可重新出现的→renewableadj.（能源）可更新的，可再生的，可复原的re-（重，又）＋use（运用）＋-able（可……的）→可重复运用的→reusableadj.可再度运用的，可多次运用的re-（回）＋-duc-（引导）＋e→往回引导→reducev.削减，降低re-（回）＋store（贮存）→把某物存放回去→restorev.使复原拓展：通过构词法揣测单词在语境中的词性及含义。1.[2024全国甲]So，it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepainta