备考2025届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit6Atonewithnature外研版必修第一册

Unit6AtonewithnatureChemicalpesticidesandartificialfertiliserswerebelievedtohavebenefitedagriculture，butovertime，expertshavefoundtheirlong-termusecanharmboththesoilandpeople’shealth，thusleadingtomoreproblems.Asaresult，organicfarmingisdesignedtogrowgoodcropswhilepreventingdamage.Therefore，manyconsumershaveturnedtoorganicfoodwhichhasamorepleasantflavour.However，organicfarmingcannotreplacechemicalfarmingentirelybecauseitonlyprovideslimitedfood.Therefore，thereisstillalongwaytogotokeeppeoplelivinginharmonywithnature.1preventvt.阻挡，阻碍，阻挠1.[人教选必②－5]Alifepreserverissomethingthatcanbeworninthewatertopreventyoufromsinking（sink）.2.[北师选必③－9]It[TraditionalChineseMedicine]hasdevelopedauniquecombinationoftreatmentsrelatedtohelpingwell-beingandtheprevention（prevent）andtreatmentofdiseases.3.虽然我很胆怯 ，但我试图保持平衡以防自己摔倒。（读后续写之心理、动作描写）FrightenedasIwas，Itriedtokeepmybalancetopreventmyselffromfallingdown.（prevent）★preventsb.（from）doing...阻挡某人做……stopsb.（from）doing...阻挡某人做……keepsb.fromdoing...阻挡某人做……protect...from/against...疼惜……免受……损害★preventionn.预防，防止，防范preventableadj.可预防的，可防止的2designn.设计；设计方案vt.设计；筹划1.Whatannoyedtheteachermostwasthatthisstudentoftenliedtoherbydesign.2.[北师必修②－6]Heengagedinawiderangeofexercisesdesignedtorebuild（rebuild）muscle，andmaderemarkableprogress.3.Theprojectisdesignedtohelpexchangestudentsadapttothenewenvironmentandhasalreadybeenabigsuccess.（活动报道）→①Theproject，whichisdesignedtohelpexchangestudentsadapttothenewenvironment，hasalreadybeenabigsuccess.（定语从句）→②Theproject，designedtohelpexchangestudentsadapttothenewenvironment，hasalreadybeenabigsuccess.（非谓语）★bedesignedfor.../todosth.为……而设计/被设计用来做某事★bydesign（＝onpurpose）有意地（反）bychance，byaccident3harmn.&vt.损害，损害1.[北师选必①－3]High-tensionpowerlines，aswellasclear-cutcorridors，pipelines，roadsofrocksandpaintedlinesonthegrounddonoharmtoanimals.2.[人教选必①－5]Forexample，pesticidescandamagethelandbykillingnotonlyharmful（harm）bacteriaandinsects，butalsohelpfulones.点拨此处notonly...butalso...（不但……而且……）连接两个并列的名词（短语）。3.AprilFool’sDayisafestivalwhenpeopleusuallyplayharmless（harm）jokesonothers.点拨高考语法填空题中，提示词为名词，须要变成形容词时，还要依据语境推断空处是否表示否定意义。句意：愚人节是一个人们会和其他人开一些无害的玩笑的节日。4.我感到很内疚，低下头，低声对她说我并没有恶意。（读后续写之情感、动作描写）Feelingguilty，Iloweredmyhead，whisperingtoherthatImeantnoharm.5.花太多时间上网会损害我们的视力。（倡议书）→①Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecanharmoureyesight.（harmv.）→②Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecandoharmtooureyesight.（harmn.）→③Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecanbeharmfultooureyesight.（harmful）★do...harm/doharmto...对……有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事没有什么坏处。★harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto...对……有害★harmlessadj.无害的4replacevt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义①Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave. 把……放回原处②[译林必修②－2]Inresponsetopublicinterest，ouraerobicsclasshasbeenreplacedwithseveralfunoptions，includingmoderndance. 取代2.我猛烈举荐我的挚友李明，他是最适合下周接替鲍勃的人。（举荐信）→①IstronglyrecommendmyfriendLiMing，whoisthemostsuitablepersontoreplaceBobnextweek.（replace）→②IstronglyrecommendmyfriendLiMing，whoisthemostsuitablepersontotakeBob’splace/taketheplaceofBobnextweek.（place）→③IstronglyrecommendmyfriendLiMing，whoisthemostsuitablepersontosubstituteforBobnextweek.（substitute）★replaceA（with/byB）（用B）接替/取代A★replacementn.[U]替换，更换；[C]替代品★"代替，取代"的其他表达：inplaceofsb.＝insb.’splacetakesb.’splace＝taketheplaceofsb.substituteAforB＝substituteBwith/byA（以A代替B）substituteforsb.5limitedadj.有限的1.[人教选必②－3]TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100-150caloriesadayfromsugar...2.[北师选必③－9]Aperson’slifeislimitedbutservingthepeopleislimitless.（limit）3.我们必需限制游客的数量来疼惜这座古建筑不受进一步破坏。（倡议）Wemustsetalimitto/onthenumberoftouriststopreservetheoldbuildingfrombeingfurtherdamaged.（limitn.）4.参与者的年龄限制在15—18岁之间，但是参赛作品的长度没有限制。Theagesoftheparticipantsarelimitedtotherangeof15to18，butthereisnolimittothelengthoftheentries.★limitn.限度，限制；极限vt.限制，限定limitsth.tosth./sb.使（某事只在某地或某群体内）存在（或发生）limitoneself/sb.tosth.限量；减量setalimit/limitson/to...对……作限定beyondthelimit超过限度Thereisnolimitto...（to为介词）对……没有限制。★limitlessadj.无限的6benefitn.好处vt.使受益vi.得益于1.Beingclosetonaturehasproventobebeneficial（benefit）toourmentalhealth.2.Chinahasbeenpromotingeducationreformforthebenefitofallcitizens.3.正是你激励我养成了读书的习惯，这让我受益匪浅。（感谢信）→①Itwasyouwhoinspiredmetoformthehabitofreadingbooks，whichbenefitedmealot.（定语从句；benefitsb.）→②Itwasyouwhoinspiredmetoformthehabitofreadingbooks，fromwhichIbenefitedalot.（定语从句；benefitfrom）→③Itwasyouwhoinspiredmetoformthehabitofreadingbooks，whichwasofgreatbenefittome.（定语从句；benefitn.）★forthebenefitofsb.＝forsb.’sbenefit为某人的利益；为帮助某人benefitfromsth.得益于某事benefitsb.使某人受益；对某人有用★beneficialadj.有利的，有用的bebeneficialto...＝beofbenefitto...对……有益7leadto导致（to为介词）1.[外研选必④－5]Givenourlimitedknowledge，itisperhapsnosurprisethatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.点拨given在此是介词，表示"考虑到，鉴于"。given（that）引导状语从句，如：Usually，Iamsensiblewithmoney，asIhavetobe，given（that）Idon’tearnthatmuch.考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，因为我不得不这样。2.[外研必修③－2]Later，Ryan’sexperienceledhimtoset（set）upafoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.3.Withtheoldmanleadingtheway（有那位老人带路），wefinallywalkedoutoftheforest.（with复合结构）4.Theformersoldierretiredinthe1990sandledapeacefullife（过着安静的生活）inhislateryears.★leadsb.todo...使某人做……leadsb.to...引某人到……★leadtheway带路；处于领先地位leada（n）...life过……的生活★takethelead带头；起先领先inthelead处于领先地位；领先的8"否定词＋adj./adv.比较级"表示最高级意义1.假如您能于百忙之中抽出一点时间给我一些指导，我将不胜感谢。（求助信）Icouldn’tbemoregrateful/appreciativeifyoucouldtakealittletimeoutofyourbusyscheduletogivemesomeguidance.点拨"不胜感谢"还可以用"Ican’tthankyouenough"表达，留意没有"Ican’tthankyoumore"这种表达。2."我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐！"妈妈满足地回答道。（读后续写之语言描写）"I’veneverhadamoredeliciousbreakfast！"themotherrepliedwithsatisfaction.★此结构常译为"没有比……更……；再……不过了"。★常用的否定词有nothing，no，not，never，nobody等。后缀-ing&-ed-ing形容词和-ed形容词通常分别表示"令人……的"和"感到……的"，但此处我们着重讲-ing"正在……的；……的"和-ed"已……的；有……的"，以及-ing作名词后缀。-ing-ed表示"正在……的；……的"表示"已……的"表示"有……的"本单元living活的，活着的limited有限的拓展missing找不到的，丢失的developing发展中的growing增加的，增长的retired已退休的developed发达的failed失败的talented有才能的gifted有天赋的coloured有……色的-ing不仅是形容词后缀，还是名词后缀，多表示"行为，状态；行动或过程的产物或结果"。-ing作名词后缀表示"行为，状态"表示"行动或过程的产物或结果"例词l