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分词的用法复习广州市第六十六中学
AlanWuI.分词作表语:V+ing说明主语特征
V+ed说明主语所处的状态Myjobisinteresting/tiring.(表特征)Thedoorislocked.(表状态)Thenewsisveryexciting.(表特征)Weareexcited.(表状态)区别:excite,frighten,interest,disappoint,worry,tire,inspire,astonish,surprise,please,move,amaze等使动词的-ing和-ed形式。1.Seeingthe_________dog,theboy
was__________.(frighten)
2.Seeingthetiger,
thestrongmanwas____________.(frighten)3.Hiswordswerevery______.
Everyone
was_______
bywhathehadsaid.(move).movingmovedfrighteningfrightenedfrightened小结:使动词修饰人多用—ed形式;修饰物常用—ing形式。单个分词作定语放修饰词前
V+ing
V+ed
afallingtreethechangingworldafallen
treethechangedworldtheboilingwatertheboiledwater
thepollutedriverabitten
boyabroken
cupadividedcountryacrowded
streetaploughedfield
{(进行)(完成)(进行)(完成)被动:II.分词作定语:提示:现在分词作定语表主动或进行,过去分词作定语表被动或完成。单个的分词常做前置定语,但是invited,left,questioned,discussed,mentioned等以单个形式出现时,常放在所修饰词之后,作后置定语。1.Themoneyleft
=theremainingmoney
2.Thepeopleinvited
havearrived.
现在分词短语作后置定语1.thegirlgatheringflowersismysister
2.Hediscovered
apotcontaining32,000Chinesemetalcoins.3.Iknowtheboystandingunderthetalltree.4.Theboy
fallingfromthehorse
hasbeensenttohospital.过去分词短语作后置定语1.Coinscanbemadeofdifferentkindsofmetalmixedtogether.2.Thepenboughtyesterdayhasbeenlost.3.theflowersgatheredthismorning
isverybeautifulandfresh.4.MostoftheartistsinvitedtotheParty
arefromSouthAfrica.4.ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglish
cameoutinthe16thcentury.5.IreceivedaletterwrittenbymyoldfriendJane.6.TherewasonceafamousdetectivenamedSherlockHolmesIII.分词作宾语补足语
vt.+宾语+补足语
Ving
Vedbeing+
Ved(主动----进行)(被动---完成)
(被动—进行)▲后接ing/ed作宾语补足语的词有:
五看;see,watch,observe,notice,lookat
二听;hear,
listento
一感觉;feel
还有make和have1.Thebosshadhisworkers___________(work)alldaylong.2.WhenIcamein,Isawhim_________(read).3.WhenIcamein,Iheardastory_________(tell)byanoldman.4.Isawthedoor__________(lock).workingreadingbeingtoldlockedIV.分词作状语:现在分词作状语1.Hearingthebadnews,shecouldn’thelpcrying.2.He
tastedhisfinger,
lookingratherpleased3.Beingaleader,
hehastosetusagoodexample.4.Seeingfromthehill,
wecanseeourbeautifulschool.5.seeingtheteachercomein,thestudentpretendedtobereading.
小结:现在分词作状语,主句的主语与分词是主动关系。过去分词作状语1.Theywillspendthenight,
lockedintheyounglady’sroom.2.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,
followedbyhisstudents.3.Theoldmanstoodup,
supportedbyhisson.4.Seenfromthehill,
ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.5.
Heated,
waterwillchangeintosteam.=ifwaterisheated,waterwillchangeintosteam.6.Givenmoreattention,
the
treeswillgrowbetter.7.scoldedbytheteacher,thegirlcriedout.8.Movedbyherwords,
hepromisedtohelpher.=Ashewasmovedbyherwords,hepromisedtohelpher.9.Destroyedbytheearthquake,
the
househadtoberebuilt.=Becausethehousewasdestroyedbytheearthquake,thehousehadtoberebuilt.10.Givenmoretime,
wecoulddotheworkmuchbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,
wecoulddotheworkmuchbetter.小结:过去分词作状语,主句的主语与分词是被动关系。1.Thenovel
(write)byLuxunisfamoustoall.2.Hewaswalkingaroundwiththeletter______inhispocket.(fold)3.Scientific
experiments_______outbystudentswithouttheteacher’sinstructionscanbedangerous.(carry)4.The
name_________intheletterwasunknowntome.(mention)foldedcarriedmentionedwritten7.If______byasnake,youshouldsendforhelpanddon’twalk.(bite)8.when______intheleg,
hecontinuedtofirebackwithhisgun.(shoot)9.Theroom,
although__________tobekeptlocked,wasoftenleftopen.(suppose)bittenshotsupposed1.Theman_______LiMingusedtolivehere.A.calledB.callingC.tocallD.call2.Theman______himselfLiMingusedtolivehere.A.calledB.callingD.tocallD.call3.Thesportsmeet______lastweekisveryimportant.A.holdingB.beingheldC.heldD.hold4.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowers____byhermother.A.buyingB.beingboughtC.wereboughtD.boughtAB
C
D5.
Therewasaterriblenoise______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed6.
______alongthestreet,hecameacrosshisoldfriend.A.walkingB.WalkedC.WalkD.Towalk7.
______byhisteachers,hehasmadegreatprogressinhislessons.A.TohelpB.HelpingC.HelpedD.HelpBAC8.
____TVintheroom,hesuddenlyheardsomeonecryingforhelp.A.watchB.WatchingC.WatchedD.Beingwatched9.
When_____tomakeaspeech,hesaidhewouldbeverygladto.A.askedB.askingC.toaskD.wasasked10.
Childrenmustbetaughttoactwithgoodmannerswhen______.A.spokentoB.speakingtoC.wasspokentoD.arespeaking
AAB完成句子1.__________(一旦看见),it
canneverbeforgotten.2.______________________(被认为是这个城市里面最好的),thefactorywasgivenamedal.3.Thevisitorcamein,_________________(后面跟着一群年轻人).4.________________(在党的领导下),thepeoplehaveimprovedtheirlivingconditionsgreatly.5._____________________(在她的话的鼓励下),theboylaterwentuptohisteacherandsaid“sorry”.OnceseenRegardedasthebestinthecityfollowedbyyoungfellowsLedbythePartyEncouragedbyherwords6.If______(加热)toahightemperature,waterwillchangeintowater.=Ifwaterisheated7.________________(从太空望去),theearthisawater-coveredglobe.=Iftheearthisseenfromspace8.Theobjectonthetableisafan_________________(由羽毛制成的).HeatedSeenfromspace
madeoffeathers特别注意:下列词用作分词时,后面有宾语用现在分词;后无宾语用过去分词:expose,lose,bury,engage,devote,seat,absorb,dress,tire/wearout,
locate使…位于/坐落,interest,determine,facewith等1._________(absorb)inhispapers,hedidn’tnoticemycoming.2.___________(determine)togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhis_________(remain)cigarettes.3.WhenIreturnedIfoundalotofpeople_______/____(seat/sit)theretalking.4.★____(lose)inthemountains,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.
★_______(lose)theirwayinthemoutains,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.AbsorbedDeterminedremainingseated
LostLosin
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