2022年天津市部分区高一下学期期末练习英语试题

天津市部分区2021~2022学年度第二学期期末练习高一英语温馨提示：使用答题卡的区，学生作答时请将答案写在答题卡上：不使用答题卡的区，学生作答时请将答案写在试卷上本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分第Ⅰ卷(三大题，共85分)第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。1.—Idon’tknowwhattosayattheinterview.—________.Justbepoliteandanswerhonestly.A.Don’tmentionit B.It’sapleasure C.Don’tworry D.OK，thanks【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——我不知道面试时该说什么。——别担心。礼貌一点，诚实回答。A.不用提；B.很荣幸；C.别担心；D.好的，谢谢。根据前文的“Idon’tknowwhattosayattheinterview.”可知，对面试情况表示担心。故回答的时候应该对其进行安慰。C选项符合题意。故选C。2.YuanLongpingwasbornand________inChina.A.broughtin B.broughtup C.broughtback D.broughtdown【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：袁隆平生长在中国。A.broughtin引进；B.broughtup养育、抚养、教育；C.broughtback带回、使记起；D.broughtdown降低。结合“YuanLongpingwasborn”可知，袁隆平在中国被抚养长大。故选B项。3.________thereisawill,thereisaway.A.How B.When C.What D.Where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有志者，事竟成。此处thereisaway为主句，where引导地点状语从句。故选D。4.IknewIhaddoneagoodjobandwaslookingforwardtogettinga________comment.A.positive B.negative C.anxious D.impressive【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我做得很好，并期待着得到积极的评价。A.positive积极的；B.negative消极的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.impressive给人印象深刻的。结合“我知道我做得很好”，做得好的我应该是想得到积极的评价。故选A项。5.Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,andit________thecreativityofthehumanrace.A.isreflected B.hadreflected C.reflects D.wasreflected【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：英语是人类发明的，而不是计算机，它反映了人类的创造力。主语it指代English，是单数，主动语态，讲述客观事实，谓语动词reflect用一般现在时的单数形式。故选C项。6.Haveyouseenthesunflowers________areboughtaspresentsforyourMother’sDay.A.who B.which C.whose D./【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：你看到了作为你的母亲节礼物买来的向日葵吗？此题考查限制性定语从句，thesunflowers为先行词，先行词在从句中作主语，为物，设空处可用关系代词which或者that，且不能省略。故选B项。7.Foryears,scientistshavebeenworriedaboutthe________ofairpollutionontheearth’snaturalconditions.A.effect B.result C.account D.cause【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球自然条件的影响。A.effect影响；B.result结果；C.account账户；D.cause原因。根据后文“ofairpollutionontheearth’snaturalconditions”指对……的影响，应用effecton。故选A。8.________thedoctorsuggestedisgoodforourhealth.A.That B.How C.What D.When【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：医生建议我们做的事情是对我们的健康有好处的。设空处引导的是主语从句。在主语从句中作suggested的宾语，指代的是医生建议的内容，应用what引导主语从句，意为“......的事”，符合句意。故选C。9.Withmanythings________,Ihavetostopsurfingtheinternet.A.dealwith B.todealwith C.dealtwith D.todealingwith【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多事情要做，我不能再上网了。句中havetostop为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。“with+宾语+todo”通常指不定式所表示的动作尚未发生，或在当时看来尚未发生。根据句意可知，此处使用动词不定式。dealwith为动词短语，意为“处理”。todealwith符合句意。故选B。10.Thetwooldsisters,________solong,heldeachotherandburstintotears.A.beingseparated B.wasseparated C.havingbeenseparated D.hadbeenseparated【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：两个老姐妹分开这么久了，抱在一起哭了起来。本句已有谓语动词held和burstinto且无连词，动词separate用非谓语形式，separate动作发生在谓语动词held和burstinto之前，逻辑主语Thetwooldsisters与动词separate是被动关系，用现在分词完成式的被动havingbeendone作状语。故选C项。11.Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorataxidriver,shouldbe________respected.A.equally B.naturally C.normally D.especially【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：任何人，无论是官员还是出租车司机，都应该被平等地尊重。A.equally平等地；B.naturally自然地；C.normally正常地；D.especially尤其地。根据“whetherheisanofficialorataxidriver”可知，任何人，无论是官员还是出租车司机，都应该被平等地尊重。故选A。12.—Howlongareyoustaying?—Idon’tknow.______.A.That’sOK B.Itdepends C.Nevermind D.Itdoesn’tmatter【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你要待多久？——我不知道，这要看情况。A.That’sOK没关系；B.Itdepends这要看情况；C.Nevermind没关系；D.Itdoesn’tmatter没关系。由上文“Idon’tknow.”可知，“我”不知道要住多久，这要看情况，故选B。13.Isendyouthispostcard________ourhappysummertogether.Aintermsof B.inneedof C.incaseof D.inmemoryof【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我寄给你这张明信片是为了纪念我们一起度过的快乐夏天。A.intermsof就……而言；B.inneedof需要；C.incaseof万一；D.inmemoryof为了纪念。寄明信片的目的是为了纪念一起度过的快乐夏天。故选D项。14.Personswithwhomwecan________ourinnermostfeelingsareourbestfriends.A.share B.value C.respect D.talk【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：能与我们分享内心感受的人是我们最好的朋友。A.share分享；B.value重视；C.respect尊敬；D.talk谈话。由“Personswithwhom”和“ourinnermostfeelings”可知，句子表示“能与我们分享内心感受的人是我们最好的朋友”，空格处意为“分享”，故选A。15.—Ican’tgetthroughtothegeneralmanager’sofficeanyhow.—Thelineisbusy.Someone________thetelephone.A.canuse B.canhaveused C.musthaveused D.mustbeusing【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我怎么也打不通总经理办公室的电话。——占线。一定有人在用电话。根据“Thelineisbusy”可知，有人一定正在用电话，“一定正在做某事”是mustbedoing，故选D。第二节：完型填空(共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分)AfterthequakehitnortheastJapanonMarch11,manymovingstoriesthatIsawwithmyowneyeshappenedaroundme.Ihadtowalkhomesinceallthe____16____hadstoppedaftertheearthquake.OnmywayhomeI____17____anoldladyatabakerywhowasgivingoutfreebread,whichmademyheart____18____.Amanwasholdingasignthatsaid,“Pleaseuseour____19____.”Hewas____20____hishouseforpeopletogototherestroom.Myfriendwantedto____21____others.Hestoodinthecoldwithasign“Ifyou’reokaywithamotorcycle,Iwill____22____youtoyourhouse.”AndthenIsawhimtakeonegentlemanhome,allthewaytoafarawayplace!ThennextdayIdroveto____23____mycarwithgas.Thereisalackof____24____nowandmanygasolinestationsareeitherclosedorhavevery____25____lines.Igot____26____,sinceIwasbehind15cars.Finally,whenitwasmy____27____,themansmiledandsaid,“____28____thissituation,weareonlygiving$30worthgasperperson.Isthatallright?”“____29____.I’mjustgladthatweareallableto____30____,”Isaid.Hissmilegavemesomuchcomfort.Isawamanattheevacuation(疏散)center____31____whenpeoplebroughtfoodtohim.Itwasthefirsttimeinthreedaysthatfoodwasbroughttotheircenter.However,afterhewipedthetears,hisnext____32____surprisedme.“Iamvery____33____thatweareprovidedwithfood.Butpeopleinthecitynexttoushaven’t____34____anyfoodatall.Pleasegotothatcenteraswell.”Andwhenhearingthat,Irealizedthereisabrightfutureontheothersideofthis____35____.16.A.rescue B.life C.traffic D.business17.A.missed B.caught C.noticed D.heard18.A.kind B.soft C.broken D.warm19.A.toilet B.hotel C.hospital D.house20.A.selling B.opening C.repairing D.building21.A.encourage B.change C.save D.help22.A.drive B.follow C.lead D.send23.A.start B.fill C.check D.wash24.A.food B.gas C.water D.salt25.A.direct B.fine C.long D.thin26.A.worried B.lucky C.sad D.angry27.A.time B.turn C.duty D.decision28.A.Exceptfor B.Togetherwith C.Becauseof D.Insteadof29.A.Notatall B.Ofcourse C.Noway D.Nevermind30.A.share B.offer C.learn D.choose31.A.singing B.eating C.smiling D.crying32.A.words B.roles C.ways D.promises33.A.sure B.grateful C.surprised D.proud34.A.bought B.wasted C.prepared D.received35.A.disaster B.chance C.center D.city【答案】16.C17.C18.D19.A20.B21.D22.A23.B24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.B30.A31.D32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了日本地震之后，作者目睹的人们互相帮助，互相分享的故事。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于地震后所有的交通都停止了，我不得不步行回家。A.rescue拯救；B.life生活；C.traffic交通；D.business生意。根据“Ihadtowalkhome(我不得不步行回家)”可推知，是因为地震造成了交通瘫痪，所以作者只能步行。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我注意到一家面包店的一位老妇人正在分发免费的面包，这让我感到很暖心。A.missed错过；B.caught抓住；C.noticed注意到；D.heard听到。根据“anoldladyatabakeryshopwhowasgivingoutfreebread(一家面包店的一位老太太正在分发免费的面包)”可知，作者是看到这样的行为。故选C。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我注意到一家面包店的一位老妇人正在分发免费的面包，这让我感到很暖心。A.kind友好的；B.soft温和的；C.broken破碎的；D.warm温情的。根据“givingoutfreebread(分发免费的面包)”可知，作者看到老妇人免费发面包后，感觉很暖心。故选D。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个男人举着一个牌子写着“请用我们的厕所”。A.toilet厕所；B.hotel旅馆；C.hospital医院；D.house房子。根据下文中的提示词“therestroom”可知，这里指这位男士让路人用他家的厕所。故选A。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开着自己的家门，让大家使用他家的厕所。A.selling卖；B.opening打开；C.repairing修理；D.building建立。根据“forpeopletogototherestroom(为了让大家使用厕所)”可知，这位男士将家门打开，让人们进去用他家的厕所。故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友想帮助其他的人。A.encourage鼓励；B.change改变；C.save节省；D.help帮助。根据下文“AndthenIsawhimtakeonegentlemanhome,allthewaytoafarawayplace!(然后我看到他送一位先生回家，去到一个很远的地方！)”可知，作者的朋友在帮助其他的人，由此可知，设空处是指作者的朋友想要去帮助他人。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他冒着严寒站在那里，举着一个牌子，上面写着“如果你愿意坐摩托车，我就骑车送你回家。”A.drive驾驶；B.follow跟随；C.lead引领；D.send发送。根据“motorcycle”及后文作者的朋友送他人回家可知，他的朋友是骑摩托车送路人的。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天我开车去加油。A.start开始；B.fill装满，使……充满；C.check检查；D.wash洗。由句中的“gas”可知，作者是去给车加油，短语fill…with表示“用……装满”。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在汽油短缺，很多加油站要么关闭，要么排队等待加油的队伍很长。A.food食物；B.gas汽油；C.water水；D.salt盐。根据下文“manygasolinestationsareeitherclosed(许多加油站要么关闭)”可推知，因为汽油短缺，加油站才会关闭。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在汽油短缺，很多加油站要么关闭，要么排队等待加油的队伍很长。A.direct笔直的；B.fine好的；C.long长的；D.thin瘦的。根据下文“Iwasbehind15cars(我排在15辆车后面)”可知，加油的车辆排成了长队。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心，因为我排在15辆车后。A.worried担心的；B.lucky幸运的；C.sad伤心的；D.angry生气的。根据“sinceIwasbehind15cars.(因为我排在15辆车后面)”可知，排的队伍很长，作者担心加不到油。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后终于轮到我了。A.time时间；B.turn轮到的机会；C.duty责任；D.decision决定。根据“themansmiledandsaid(那人笑着说)”可知，加油站的工作人员对着作者说话，说明轮到作者加油了。故选B。【28题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：因为目前的情形，我们只给每人提供30美元的油。A.Exceptfor除了；B.Togetherwith连同；C.Becauseof因为；D.Insteadof代替。根据语境可知，逗号前后两句之间存在因果关系。故选C。【29题详解】考查日常用语辨析。句意：“当然，我很高兴我们都能分享。”我说。A.Notatall别客气；B.Ofcourse当然；C.Noway没门；D.Nevermind没关系。根据后文中的“glad”可知，作者对于工作人员询问的回答是同意的。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当然我很高兴我们都能分享，”我说。A.share分享；B.offer提供；C.learn学会；D.choose选择。根据前文“weareonlygiving$30worthgasperperson.(我们只给每人提供30美元的油)”可知，每人限量，这样大家都可以分摊到汽油。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在疏散中心看到一名男子，人们给他送食物时他哭了。A.singing唱歌；B.eating吃；C.smiling微笑；D.crying哭。根据下文“hewipedthetears(他擦干眼泪)”可知，他哭了。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他擦干眼泪后，他接下来的话让我惊讶。A.words话语；B.roles作用；C.ways方式；D.promises许诺。根据后文引号中的直接引语可知，他对作者说的话让作者感到惊讶。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我们能有食物。A.sure确信的；B.grateful感激的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.proud自豪的。根据前文叙述的这个男人在收到食物后哭了可知，他是心存感激的。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们旁边城市里的人根本没有收到任何食物。A.bought买；B.wasted浪费；C.prepared准备；D.received收到。根据后文“Pleasegotothatcenteraswell.(请也去那里的疏散中心吧)”男人让分发食物的人去旁边的城市可推知，旁边城市还没有收到食物。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我听到这些时，我意识到这场灾难的另一面有着光明的未来。A.disaster灾难；B.chance机会；C.center中心；D.city城市。根据文章第一段中“thequakehitnortheastJapanonMarch11(3月11日日本东北部发生了一场地震)”可知，这是一场灾难。故选A。第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AClubsportsprovidebothacompetitiveandsocialsportingexperiencetoanyPurduestudent.Whetheryouarelookingtocontinuetobepartofasportyouloveorlookingfornewexperiences,thereisaclubforyouateveryskilllevel.ThePurdueUniversityBaseballClubThePurdueUniversityBaseballClubisastudent-runorganizationthatparticipatesinintercollegiate(大学间的)athleticcompetition.Weprovidestudentsanopportunitytocontinuetheirbaseballcareeratacollegiatelevel.President:JackFitzhughEmail:jfitzhu@ThePurdueGymnasticsClubThePurdueGymnasticsClubisagroupofnormaleverydaystudentswho,likeyourself,wanttostayactivewhileatschool.Wepracticeduringeveninghoursfourtimesaweekduringthefallandspringsemesters.Weownandoperateequipmentforfourwomen’sandsixmen’sevents.President:MayaMeDonaldEmail:medon127@ThePurdueTriathlonClubThePurdueTriathlonClub’smissionistogettogethermulti—sportathleteswhowanttotraininasocialenvironmentandpromoteinterestandparticipationintriathlons(铁人三项),duathlons(铁人两项),running,swimmingandcyclingeventsonthePurdueUniversitycampus.Weencourageandsupportmemberswhiletrainingtogether.Wetraveltoracesinthespringandsummertogetherandhosttworacesduringtheschoolyear.WeendouryearattheCollegiateNationalsinApril.President:KatalinKovachEmail:kovach10@ThePurdueMen’sClubThePurdueMen’sClubVolleyballallowsPurdueundergraduateandgraduatestudentstoplayvolleyballatacompetitive,intercollegiatelevel.Tryoutsareheldatthebeginningofeachsemesterandteamsaredividedbasedonskilllevel.Playerscomefromalloverthecountry,notjusttheMidwest.ThefirstandsecondteamstraveltotournamentsacrosstheMidwestandtotheNCVFNationaltournamenteachspring.TheclubisanNCVFandMIVArecognizedprogramandconsistentlyfinishesinthetopcompetitivedivisionsoftheregionandnation.President:BenBednarczykEmail:bbednarc@36.Whocanyoucontactifyouwanttoparticipateinabaseballgame?A.MayaMeDonald. B.KatalinKovach. C.JackFitzhugh. D.BenBednarczyk.37.WhatmakesthePurdueGymnasticsClubspecial?A.Itoperatesequipmentfor10events.B.Itisopeneverydaythroughoutthesemester.C.Itincludesbothstudentsandprofessionalathletes.D.Itisastudent-runorganization.38.WhatdoweknowaboutthePurdueTriathlonClub?A.Itaimstopopularizethreesports. B.IthostsracesannuallyinApril.C.Itdividesmembersbasedonskilllevel. D.Itallowsathletestotraininmultiplesports.39.Whichclubishighlycompetitiveonanationallevel?A.ThePurdueTriathlonClub. B.ThePurdueGymnasticsClub.C.ThePurdueMen’sClubVolleyball. D.ThePurdueUniversityBaseballClub.40.Wherecanyouseetheseinformation?A.Students’Textbooks. B.SchoolMagazines.CTravelAgencies. D.CampusNetwork.【答案】36.C37.A38.D39.C40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是Purdue大学中的各个俱乐部情况。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThePurdueUniversityBaseballClub”部分中的“Weprovidestudentsanopportunitytocontinuetheirbaseballcareeratacollegiatelevel.”（我们为学生提供在大学水平继续他们的棒球生涯的机会）“President:JackFitzhugh”可知，如果想要参加棒球比赛的话可以联系JackFitzhugh。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的“thePurdueGymnasticsClub”可将答案定位至“ThePurdueGymnasticsClub”部分。根据该部分中“Weownandoperateequipmentforfourwomen’sandsixmen’sevents.”（我们拥有和操作4个女子项目和6个男子项目的设备。）可知，该俱乐部管理10项赛事操作设备。故选A。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据题干中的“PurdueTriathlonClub”可将答案定位至该部分。根据该部分中“ThePurdueTriathlonClub’smissionistogettogethermulti—sportathleteswhowanttotraininasocialenvironmentandpromoteinterestandparticipationintriathlons(铁人三项),duathlons(铁人两项),running,swimmingandcyclingeventsonthePurdueUniversitycampus.”（普渡铁人三项俱乐部的使命是将希望在社会环境中训练的多项目运动员聚集在一起，并在普渡大学校园内促进对铁人三项、两项全能、跑步、游泳和自行车项目的兴趣和参与。）可知，该俱乐部允许运动员进行多种运动训练。故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThePurdueMen’sClub”部分中的“TheclubisanNCVFandMIVArecognizedprogramandconsistentlyfinishesinthetopcompetitivedivisionsoftheregionandnation.”（该俱乐部是NCVF和MIVA认可的项目，并一直在该地区和国家的顶级竞争赛区中完成。）可知，该俱乐部在全国范围内具有很强的竞争力。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。第一段中的“ClubsportsprovidebothacompetitiveandsocialsportingexperiencetoanyPurduestudent.Whetheryouarelookingtocontinuetobepartofasportyouloveorlookingfornewexperiences,thereisaclubforyouateveryskilllevel.”（俱乐部运动为任何普渡大学的学生提供了一种竞争和社交体育体验。无论你是想继续成为你喜欢的运动的一部分，还是想寻找新的体验，都有一家俱乐部适合你，无论你的技术水平如何。）可知，该文章介绍的是Purdue大学中的俱乐部。同时根据每个部分的的邮件地址，可知是该文章来自于校园网的部分。故选D。BTomCostelloJr.wasonceafraidofhomelessAmericans.Thatchangedsevenyearsagoafterhiswife,avolunteeratahomelessshelter,persuadedhimtohelpwithaholidaydinnerforshelterresidents.TomCostelloremembersgoingtoastoreandbuyingsocksfortheresidents.Heknewmanyofthemwereinneedofclothing.Attheshelter,Costellosaid,hedroppedapairofsocksintoabagforawoman.“Shestartedtocryandtoldmethatnobodyhadevergivenhersocksbefore,”Costellosaid.“Thenshereachedoutandgavemeahug.”ThatexperienceattheshelterhelpedCostelloendhisfearofthehomeless.Italsoledhimtosetupagroupcalled“TheJoyofSox.”TheJoyofSoxcollectssocksfromdonorsandgivesthemmostlytosheltersinthePhiladelphia,Pennsylvaniaarea,whereCostelloandhiswifeNacylive.Butthegrouphasbeenexpandingitsreach,nowprovidingsocksforhomelesssheltersin21statesandthreecountries:Mexico,AfghanistanandUganda.Whysocks?CostelloexplainsthatsomeAmericansgivefood,coatsandotherclothingtoshelters,butdonatingsocksisnotsomethingmostpeoplethinkabout.And,hesays,socksareveryhelpfulinkeepingpeoplewarmincoldweather.AmannamedKiwi,whohaslivedinhomelessshelters,explainsthatsocksareimportanttopeoplewhospendalotoftimeoutdoors.Kiwisaysmostofthetimehecanfindenoughfoodthroughsheltersandsoupkitchens,butsocksaremuchmoredifficulttoget.Costellosayshishopefor“TheJoyofSox”istobethebestsockcharityintheworld.HealsowantsthegrouptogivesixpairsofsockstoeveryhomelesspersonintheUnitedStateseachyear.41.WhichwordcanbestdescribethewomanwhenCostellogavehersocks?A.Greedy. B.Embarrassed. C.Confused. D.Grateful.42.Costellostoppedbeingafraidofthehomelessafterhe________.A.personallyhelpedatahomelessshelterB.heardashelterresident’sheartbreakingstoryfromhiswifeC.gothelpfromahomelesspersonD.becameavolunteeratahomelessshelter43.Whatdoyouknowfromthefourthparagraph?A.Thehomelessneedfoodmorethansocks. B.Sockscan’thelpthehomelesskeepwarm.C.Socksarepreciousthingstothehomeless. D.Thehomelessonlygetsockdonationsinwinter.44.WhatisCostello’sexpectationof“TheJoyofSox”?A.Tostandoutastheworld’sbestsockcharity. B.TobecometheonlysockcharityinAmerica.C.Toexpanditsreachtothreecountries. D.Toprovidesocksforeveryhomelesspersonintheworld.45.ThestoryofCostelloinspirespeopleto________.A.treasurewhattheyhave B.facedifficultiesbravelyC.trytohelpthoseinneed D.sticktotheirdreams【答案】41.D42.A43.C44.A45.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了科斯特洛受妻子的影响，参加了收容所救助活动，于是不再害怕那些无家可归者，还成立了‘袜子之乐’，七年来，他们从捐赠者那收集来的袜子捐赠给收容所里的人们，科斯特洛希望把这个事业做成世界上最好的袜子慈善机构，帮助更多的无家可归者。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“‘Shestartedtocryandtoldmethatnobodyhadevergivenhersocksbefore,’Costellosaid.‘Thenshereachedoutandgavemeahug.’(科斯特洛说：“她哭了起来，告诉我以前从来没有人给过她袜子。然后她伸出手来给了我一个拥抱。’)”可知，得到袜子后，她感动得哭了，因为科斯特洛是第一个想到要送她袜子的人。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TomCostelloJr.wasonceafraidofhomelessAmericans.Thatchangedsevenyearsagoafterhiswife,avolunteeratahomelessshelter,persuadedhimtohelpwithaholidaydinnerforshelterresidents.(小汤姆·科斯特洛曾经害怕无家可归的美国人。七年前，当他的妻子（一名无家可归者收容所的志愿者）说服他帮忙为收容所的居民准备一顿节日晚餐后，情况发生了改变。)”，以及第三段第一句“ThatexperienceattheshelterhelpedCostelloendhisfearofthehomeless.(在收容所的经历帮助科斯特洛结束了对无家可归者的恐惧。)”可知，科斯特洛亲自去收容所帮助那些无家可归者之后，恐惧消失了。故选A项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第二句开始“And,hesays.socksareveryhelpfulinkeepingpeoplewarmincoldweather.AmannamedKiwi,whohaslivedinhomelessshelters,explainsthatsocksareimportanttopeoplewhospendalotoftimeoutdoors.Kiwisaysmostofthetimehecanfindenoughfoodthroughsheltersandsoupkitchens,butsocksaremuchmoredifficulttoget.(他还说，在寒冷的天气里，袜子对人们保暖很有帮助。一位住在无家可归者收容所的名叫几维的男子解释说，袜子对那些经常呆在户外的人很重要。奇维说，大多数时候，他可以通过收容所和施粥所找到足够的食物，但袜子要难得多。)”可知，这些无家可归者经常在户外走动，所以可以保暖的袜子对于他们来说很重要，但是却很难得到，所以袜子对于无家可归者来说很是珍贵。故选C项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Costellosayshishopefor‘TheJoyofSox’istobethebestsockcharityintheworld.(科斯特洛说，他希望‘袜子之乐’成为世界上最好的袜子慈善机构。)”可知，科斯特洛期待他组建的“袜子之乐”能成为世界上最好的袜子慈善机构，与A项“Tostandoutastheworld’sbestsockcharity”语意相同，故选A项。【45题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了科斯特洛受妻子的影响，参加了收容所救助活动，于是不再害怕那些无家可归者，还成立了‘袜子之乐’，他们从捐赠者那里收集袜子，并把它们大多捐给了他们家所在地宾夕法尼亚州费城地区的收容所，七年来，这个组织一直在发展壮大，科斯特洛希望把这个事业做成世界上最好的袜子慈善机构，科斯特洛的故事激励读者要努力帮助那些需要帮助的人。故选C项。CStudieshaveshownthatagoodnight’sresthelpsusstayhealthy,bothmentallyandphysically.Andresearcherssaysleepisprobablythebesttoolwehaveformemoryandlearning.MichaelTweryisanexpertonthescienceofsleepandsleepdisorders.Hetoldmethatagoodnight’ssleephelpstolearnbetter.“Gettingagoodnight’ssleepisimportantforthelearningandmemoryprocessbecauseitstoresthetrainingexercisesandthelearningexercisesintoourmorepermanent(持久的)memorywhilewe’resleeping7-8hoursinbed.Andthenthenextmorningwhenyouwakeup,yourmindisbetterpreparedtoactonthatinformation.”Butwhataboutgettingrestduringthemiddleoftheday?Shortperiodsofsleepmayhelpourbrainsworkbetterorso,saysarecentstudyonnapping.Paststudieshaveshownthatnappingcanhelpbabiesandyoungchildrenlearnbetter.Andnappingcanhelpbrainperformanceinolderadults.Takinganapmayalsohelpthisgroupofpeoplefightoffage-relatedmemoryloss.Researchersrecentlylookedatinformationprovidedbynearly3,000Chineseadults,aged65yearsorolder.Theywantedtolearnifnappingafteramid-daymealhadanyeffectonthementalperformanceofthesubjects.Nearly60percentofthose3,000peoplesaidtheydidtakeanapafterlunchandthattheirnapslastedanywherefrom30to90minutes.Mostofthesubjectssaidtheynappedforaboutanhour.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewhotookanhour-longnapdidmuchbetteronmentalteststhanthosewhodidnotnap.Thehour-longnappersalsodidbetterontheteststhanthosewhonappedforshorterandlongerperiods.Keepinmind,however,thatthesearethefindingsforthoseovertheageof65.YetDoctorMichaelTwerynotesthatanhourlongnapmaybetoolongforyoung,healthyadults.“Currently,we’rerecommendingthatwetrytosleepforabout30minutesorless.And30minutesisenoughtoremovethepressuretosleepandwillhelpusfeelmoreawake.Ifwenaplonger,wewillgettrappedintothosedeeperlayersofsleep,whichcanbehardtogetoutof.”46.AccordingtoTwery,whydoesagoodnight’ssleephelptolearnbetter?A.Becauseithelpstorememberclearly.B.Becauseithelpstothinkdeeply.C.Becauseitcanhelpactquickly.D.Becauseithelpstorememberlongerandactmoreeffectively.47.What’sthemeaningofnap?A.Alongtimesleepduringdaytime. B.Ashorttimesleepduringdaytime.C.Ashorttimesleepduringthenight. D.Alongtimesleepduringthenight.48.Whatkindofpeopledoesnaphelp?A.Students. B.Babies.C.Oldpeople. D.Babies,youngchildrenandtheold.49.Whatmayhelpoldpeopledecreasememorylossbecauseofage?A.8hours’night’ssleep. B.Agoodnight’ssleep.C.Nappingduringthemiddleoftheday. D.Longtimesleepduringthemiddleoftheday.50.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Deeperlayersofsleepisgoodforyoungpeople’sstudyandwork.B.Younghealthyadultsneedanhournap.C.30minutesistooshortforyoungpeopletoremovethepressuretosleep.D.Agoodnight’sresthelpsusstayhealthy,bothmentallyandphysically.【答案】46.D47.B48.D49.C50.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，良好的睡眠可以帮助我们学习和记忆，科学研究表明午睡也可以帮助我们学习和记忆。【46题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Gettingagoodnight’ssleepisimportantforthelearningandmemoryprocessbecauseitstoresthetrainingexercisesandthelearningexercisesintoourmorepermanent(持久的)memorywhilewe’resleeping7-8hoursinbed.Andthenthenextmorningwhenyouwakeup,yourmindisbetterpreparedtoactonthatinformation.(良好的睡眠对学习和记忆过程很重要，因为当我们在床上睡7-8个小时时，它会将训练练习和学习练习存储到我们更持久的记忆中。然后第二天早上醒来时，你的大脑会更好地根据这些信息采取行动)”可知，根据Twery的说法，因为一个良好的睡眠有助于记忆时间更长，行动更有效，所以它有助于更好地学习。故选D项。【47题详解】词句猜测题。由第三段“Butwhataboutgettingrestduringthemiddleoftheday?Shortperiodsofsleepmayhelpourbrainsworkbetterorso,saysarecentstudyonnapping.(但是中午休息怎么样？最近一项关于napping的研究表明，短期睡眠可能有助于我们的大脑更好地工作)”可知，“nap”指白天短时间睡眠，即小睡。故选B项。【48题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Paststudieshaveshownthatnappingcanhelpbabiesandyoungchildrenlearnbetter.Andnappingcanhelpbrainperformanceinolderadults.(过去的研究表明，小睡可以帮助婴儿和幼儿更好地学习。小睡可以帮助老年人的大脑活动)”可知，小睡有助于婴儿、幼儿和老人。故选D项。【49题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Andnappingcanhelpbrainperformanceinolderadults.Takinganapmayalsohelpthisgroupofpeoplefightoffage-relatedmemoryloss.(小睡可以帮助老年人的大脑活动。小睡也可以帮助这些人摆脱与年龄相关的记忆丧失)”可知，在中午小睡可以帮助老年人减少因年龄而导致的记忆丧失。故选C项。【50题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Studieshaveshownthatagoodnight’sresthelpsusstayhealthy,bothmentallyandphysically.(研究表明，晚上好好休息有助于我们保持身心健康)”可知，D项“晚上好好休息有助于我们保持身心健康”正确。故选D项。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：阅读表达(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。WhenIwas10,myfriendSydneysufferedfromabraincancer.Sydneyfoughtagainstit,butthecancerdidnotrespondtothetreatment,andcouldnotberemoved.Sydneydiedattheageof11.Afterherdeath,Ifeltsadanddiscouraged.Idecidedtoturnthesenegativeemotionsintopositiveactions.WhenIwas15yearsold,IfoundedthePinkPolkaDotsGuild(PPD)withtwofriends.Mygoalistoraiseenoughmoneytofindacureforbraincancer,whichisthesecondmostcommoncancerinchildren.Overtheyears,PPDhadheldfundraisers(募捐活动)acrossthecity.ThefirstPinkPolkaDotsGuildevent,agaragesale,justraised$900,butourlatestfundraiser,the2012golftournament,broughtinover$73,000.Inthepastfiveyears,wehaveraisedalmostamilliondollarstohelpdoaresearchonremovingbraincancer.I’vebeenshockedbythepublicrecognitionthatPPDhasearned.ItreceivedanawardfromPresident.Thisgreathonourraisedawarenessandmoneyforourcause.Theeffortsthatwehavemadehastrulyhelpedcancerresearch.PPDhasprovidedstart-upfundingforscientificdiscoveries,suchas“TumorPaint”,whichilluminates(照射)cancerouscellssothatdoctorscanremovethemwithamazingaccuracy.ThediscoveryappearedinTimeMagazine.Iwasveryproudtohavehelpedfundtheresearchofthislife-savingtechnology.PinkPolkaDotshasinspiredmetobeanactivist.Myexperiencehastaughtmethatwithdevotion,itispossibletomakeadifferenceintheworld.ThedeterminationthatPinkPolkaDotssetoffinmehascarriedovertoallaspectsofmylife,makingmeacompetitivespeakerandadevotedvolunteer.51.WhathappenedtoSydneywhenshewas11?(Nomorethan10words)________________52.WhatdoesPPDaimtodo?(Nomorethan14words)________________53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“removing”inParagraph3mean?(Nomorethan5words)________________54.WhydidtheauthorfeelproudaccordingtoParagraph5?(Nomorethan15words)________________55.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperienceaccordingtothepassage?(NomoreThan25words)________________【答案】51.Sydneydiedattheageof11.52.PPDaimstoraisemoneytohelpdoaresearchonremovingbraincancer.53.cutoff54.BecausePPDhashelpedfundtheresearchoflife-savingtechnology.55.Wehavelearnedthatitispossibletomakeadifferenceintheworldwithdevotion.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述在作者11岁的时候，他的朋友Sydney因为脑癌去世，因此他15岁的时候和朋友成立PPD募捐活动，募集资金帮助寻找脑癌的治疗方法。PPD募捐活动得到公众的认可，并且为一些科学发现提供了启动资金，作者的经验告诉我们只要付出，就有可能改变世界。【51题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“WhenIwas10,myfriendSydneysufferedfromabraincancer.Sydneyfoughtagainstit,butthecancerdidnotrespondtothetreatment,andcouldnotberemoved.Sydneydiedattheageof11.(在我10岁的时候，我的朋友Sydney患了脑癌。Sydney与癌症作了斗争，但是癌症对治疗没有反应，也不能切除。Sydney11岁时就去世了。)”由此可知，Sydney在11岁时由于脑癌去世了。故