2022年河南焦作市高一下学期期末考试英语试题

焦作市普通高中2021—2022学年（下）高一年级期末考试英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALearntoSwimKnowinghowtoswimpreventsdrowning(溺水)andimprovesyourhealth,fitness,andsafety.TohelpteachNewYorkerstoswim,theNewYorkCityDepartmentofParks&Recreationisofferingswimminglessonstochildren(6to17yearsold)atourindoorpools.CostFreewithanNYCParksRecreationCentermembership.AllLearntoSwimparticipants(参加者),includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.AbouttheClasses·Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument(法律文件)withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.Documentswillbereturnedafterconfirmationiscompleted.·Thereareclassesattwodifferenttimes:onSaturdays,andafterschoolfrom4:00p.m.to5:00p.m.·AllparticipantsmusttakeawatertestonOctober30forthefallsession(学期),January1forthewintersession,andMarch29forthespringsessiontodetermineclasslevel.Missingthewatertestwillresultinafirstabsence.·Ifachildmissesthewatertestandthefirstdayofclass,theywillbedroppedfromthesession.Participantswhomisstwocontinuousclasseswillbedroppedfromtheprogram.·LevelⅠ:Childrenatthislevellearnbasicskills,suchasgettingintoandleavingthewater,controllingtheirbreath,movingthroughthewaterandwhattodoincaseofanemergency(紧急情况).·LevelⅡ:Childrenatthislevellearntoswimwithoutassistance.They’llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.1.WhocantakepartinLearntoSwimlessons？A.Alloftheteenagers. B.Membersoftherecreationcenter.C.AnystudentintheNewYorkCity. D.Parentseagertolearnswimming.2.Whatmustparticipantsdobeforeswimminglessons？A.Promisenottomissclasses. B.Handintheirschoolreports.C.Provetheiragewithformalpapers. D.Doawatertestathome.3.Whatwillparticipantslearnaboutbesidesswimming？A.Waystoofferhelpwhenneeded. B.Competitivespirit.C.Theimportanceofteamwork. D.Thevalueofappreciation.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。纽约市公园和娱乐部门为6至17岁的儿童提供游泳课程，文章对此课程进行了介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Cost部分最后一句“AllLearntoSwimparticipants(参加者),includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.(所有学习游泳参与者，包括孩子和他们的父母，必须是娱乐中心的成员)”可知，娱乐中心的成员可以参加学习游泳课程。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“AbouttheClasses”部分第一段前两句“Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument(法律文件)withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.(您的孩子必须在第一天上课的时候年满6岁才能参加这个项目。请务必在第一堂课当天携带一份注明孩子出生日期的法律文件)”可知，参加者必须在上游泳课前出示正式文件证明自己的年龄。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“They’llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.(他们将能够了解危险的水条件，以及在水紧急情况下如何帮助游泳者)”可知，除了游泳，参加者还将学习如何在需要时提供帮助。故选A。BMassimoBotturaisawidelycelebratedcook.Arestaurantheopened27yearsagoinItalyhastwicebeennamedthebestintheworld.Today,Bottura’scookingempirespreadsfromDubai,intheMiddleEast,toBeverlyHills,California.AtRefettorioAmbrosiano,themenuchangesdaily,dependingonwhatcomeswiththemorning’sdelivery.Bydinner,thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed(转化).The100orsodiner—refugees(难民),thehomeless,andtheunemployed—enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure.Mealsofchargeforpeopleinneed.Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants—they’reactuallysoupkitchens(施食处).ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.Hethinksofthemasplacesthatshinealightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattentiononthefood-wasteproblem.BotturacameupwiththeideaofRefettorioAmbrosianoin2015.Hewantedtoinvitetheworld’sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity’shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.TurningbasicmaterialsintodeliciousmealsinBottura’smagic.Hesayshisgrandmothertaughthimhowtomake“theoriginalno-wastekitchen”.CooksatBottura’srestaurantslearnhisapproachtocooking.Buttheyalsolearnabouthisbeliefinmakingadifferenceinpeople’slives.“Everybodyhastheabilitytocontributetopositivechange.Itstartswithallofus,inourownkitchens,”Botturasays.Itstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorabrokenpieceofbreadandcatchingashineofgold.“Theare8billionpeopleonEarth.Weproduceenoughfoodfor12billionpeople,”MassimoBotturasays.“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放).”4.WheredotheRefettorios’mealmaterialscomefrom？A.Socialcontribution. B.Supermarketwastes.C.Governmentsupply. D.Productsmadebythemselves.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“shinealightonthedignityof”inparagraph2？A.ignoretheneedof B.focusontherightofC.showrespectfor D.getpraisesfrom6.WhydidBotturadecidetorunRefettorios？A.Tocreatethemostpopularkitchen. B.Toteachhiscookingmagic.C.Toenlargehiscookingempire. D.Tospreadhisideaofsavingfood.7.WhatmayhavecausedthefoodshortageaccordingtoMassimoBottura？A.Thewasteoffood. B.Globalgreenhouseemissions.C.Naturaldisasters. D.Theincreasingworldpopulation.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。MassimoBottura是一位著名的厨师，他创建了广泛流传的餐厅RefettorioAmbrosiano，利用超市垃圾做成美食为需要的人提供食物，同时减少食物浪费。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Bydinner,thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed”(到晚餐的时候，这些超市垃圾已经被转化了)可知，Refettorios的膳食材料来自超市的垃圾。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段第五句和第六句“Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants—they’reactuallysoupkitchens(施食处).ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.”(Bottura的Refettorios不是餐厅——它们实际上是施食处。但Bottura不会这样称呼它们。)可知，此处是指Bottura把施食处称为餐厅是对客人的尊重。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第三段第二句“Hewantedtoinvitetheworld’sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity’shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.”(他想邀请世界上最好的厨师和他一起为城市的无家可归者做饭，并把一个废弃的剧院变成了一个餐厅，为有需要的人服务。)和最后一段最后三句“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放).”(每年有超过十亿吨的食物被浪费掉。结果，8.2亿人没有足够的食物。食物浪费造成了全球10%的温室气体排放。)可知，Bottura决定经营Refettorios来传播他节约食物的想法。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.”(每年有超过十亿吨的食物被浪费掉。结果，8.2亿人没有足够的食物。)可知，MassimoBottura认为食物的浪费可能是造成食物短缺的原因。故选A。CTheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful(好味道的)bookmadeupofsixstories,allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.Oneice-creamstoryfocusesonaboyandhisrobotinthedistantfuture.Anotherisaboutafatheranddaughterwhoinventanice-creammachine.Myfavoritestoryinthebooktalksabouttwosisters,PamandPenelope,whotrytoenteranice-cream-eatingcontest.Thesixstoriesgowithblack-and-whiteillustrations(插图)fromsixdifferentartists.TheIceCreamMachineisinventiveandfun.Itsauthor,AdamRubin,hasalotofexperiencewhenitcomestowritingaboutfood.Hismostfamouschildren’sbookisDragonsLoveTacos.ItwasaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller.“Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit’suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures,”Rubinsays.“It’ssomethingwecanallrelateto.”RubinhopesTheIceCreamMachineinspireskidstowrite.Itsjacketturnsintoanenvelopeinwhichreaderscansendhimtheirstories.Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.“Ifyou’retryingtowritesomethingthatsomeoneelselikes,youmightnotgetitright.Thennoone’shappy,”hesays.“Butifyoufocusonwritingaboutsomethingthatyoulike,thenit’sfun.Whenitmakesyouhappy,yourwritingwillbringjoy.”IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.Thebookgoesdownjustlikeicecream:smooth,enjoyable,andwithapleasantaftertaste.Rubin’sfavoriteflavoroficecream?“Chocolatechip,”hesays.Don’ttellhim,butthebestflavorisactuallybirthdaycake！8.WhydoesAdamRubinlikewritingaboutfood？A.Peoplearoundtheworldshowinterestinfood. B.Manydifferentbooksfocusonfood.C.Foodisthesymbolofdifferentcultures. D.Foodisthematerialbaseofhumanlife.9.WhatdoesAdamRubininspirechildrentowriteabout？A.Somethingconnectedwithfood.B.Whatotherpeoplelike.C.Whathappenstothem.D.Somethingtheyenjoy.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheIceCreamMachinefromthetext？AIthassixstorieswithdifferenttitles. B.Itcontainsmanycolorfulillustrations.C.ItisaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller. D.Itiswritteninastyleofcreativestorytelling.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.MyFavoriteStoryinaBook B.SixFlavorsinOneBookC.TheBestFlavorofIceCream D.TheWriterofNo.1Best-seller【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一本由六个故事组成的创造性故事书《冰淇淋机》。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit’suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures”(我喜欢写关于食物的文章，因为不同文化背景的人都喜欢吃)可知，亚当·鲁宾喜欢写关于食物的文章，因为世界各地的人们都对食物感兴趣。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.”(鲁宾说，作家应该写他们喜欢的东西。)可知，亚当·鲁宾鼓励孩子们写他们喜欢的东西。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.”(我向任何喜欢创造性故事讲述的人推荐《冰淇淋机》。)可知，《冰淇淋机》以一种创造性的叙事风格写成。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful(好味道的)bookmadeupofsixstories,allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.”(《冰淇淋机》不是一个普通的故事。这是一本好味道的书，由六个故事组成，所有的故事都有相同的标题，但每个故事都围绕一个主题——冰淇淋——展开。)可知，文章主要是介绍一本由六个故事组成的创造性故事书《冰淇淋机》。故B项“一本书的六种味道”可以作文本文标题。故选B。DMachinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanything,computersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.AIsystemspowermanykindsofmachines—fromsmartphonestorobots.Thereareafewtypesofmachinelearning.Themostcommonissupervised(监督的)learning.Inthismethod,acomputerisfedlotsofsortedtrainingdata(数据).Forexample,itmaylookatmanyphotosofdogs.Eachphotomightbesortedbythedog’skind.Bystudyingthosephotos,thecomputerlearnswhateachkindofdoglookslike.Then,thecomputercanpickoutdogkindsinnew,unsortedphotos.Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.Anotherimportantkindofmachinelearningisreinforcement(强化)learning.Usingthistypeoflearningissortofliketrainingyourdogtodoatrick(把戏).Thecomputerlearnstoachievesomegoalbyinteractingwithitsenvironment.Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.Throughtrialandor,thecomputerlearnstomakebetterchoices.ThistypeofmachinelearninghashelpedcomputersmasterdifficultgameslikeGoandStarCraftII.Ithasalsobeenusedtoteachself-drivingcarshowtogetaround.Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.Itpowerslanguagetranslatorsandsearchengines.Whenyourstreamingservicesrecommendnewshowsyoumightlike,that’smachinelearningatwork.Machinelearningsystemsalsoorganizepostsinsocialmediafeeds.Theyevenhelpjudgediseases.Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.12.Whatcanweknowaboutmachinelearningfromthetext？A.Itdirectscomputerstofollowprograms. B.Itmakescomputersrunundernocontrol.C.Itisaformofartificialintelligence. D.Itisakindoffunctionofallcomputers.13.Howcancomputerslearnbetterinsupervisedlearning？A.Bystudyingasmuchdataaspossible. B.Byfollowingstep-by-stepinstructions.C.Bytellingdifferencesbetweendogkinds. D.Bymakingasmanyattemptsaspossible.14.Whatdocomputerslearninreinforcementlearning？A.Doingtricks. B.Settinggoals.C.Makingchoices. D.Simplifyingsteps.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetomachinelearning？A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Supportive.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。机器学习是教计算机完成任务的一种方式，是人工智能的一种强大形式，文章对此进行了详细介绍。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.(这使得机器学习成为人工智能（AI）的一种强大形式)”可知，机器学习是人工智能的一种形式。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.(计算机研究的数据越多，它完成任务的能力就越强)”可知，通过在监督学习中学习尽可能多的数据，计算机能够学习得更好。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.(当计算机做出一个让它更接近目标的选择时，它就会得到一个虚拟奖励)”可知，计算机在强化学习中，可以做出选择。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.”(机器学习已经帮助我们创造了周围的技术)”和最后一句“Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.(在很多方面，机器学习解决问题的能力正在重塑世界)”可知，作者对机器学习的态度是支持的。故选D。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCreateYourOwnFamilyTraditionsSometimeswefollowcertainfamilytraditionsbecausewesimplyhavenothingelsetoputinitsplace.However,whentherearechangesinthefamily,itforcesustoexamineouroldtraditions.Sohowdoyoufindnewtraditionstointroduce？____16____There’snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.Tailor(制定)aroundyourfamily’slikesandinterests.Itisasure-firewaytoensureeveryoneisgoingtoenjoythemselvesandmaybeevencontinuethetradition.Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.____17____Searchtheworldforideas.____18____Itdoesn’tmeanyoucan’tadoptaforeignideajustbecauseitisn’tyourculture.Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tmakethemyoursalso.Dowhatyourfriendsdo.Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.____19____Andtheconversationwiththemcouldevenbringaninvitationtojointhemintheirtraditions.____20____Findingtherighttraditionsthatworkforyourfamilycantakesometimetofigureout.Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.A.Keepitachievableforthelongterm.B.Takethebestoftheold,andleavetherest.C.Takeinspirationfromyourfamilymembers.D.Therearedifferentculturesandtraditionsaroundtheworld.E.Soitdoesn’tmatterifitlooksdifferenttootherfamilies.F.However,familytraditionsmeansomethingspecialtoyourfamily.G.Generally,theycouldhelpcomeupwithlocalactivitiesandsuggestions.【答案】16.B17.E18.D19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何创建自己的家庭传统提出了建议。【16题详解】根据后文“Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.(你可以挑出最好的，把那些你不喜欢的丢掉。)”和“There’snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.(把孩子和洗澡水一起倒掉是没有意义的，所以想想你过去的任何你想要继承的传统)”可知，此处是讲从传统中挑出好的继承，丢掉不好的，所以选项B“取其精华，留下不要的。”切合文意。故选B。【17题详解】根据前文“Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.(无论你的家人喜欢什么，你都可以个性化你的传统来包含全家人都喜欢的元素。)”可知，此处是讲自己的家庭传统可以与众不同，所以选项E“所以看起来和其他家庭是否不同并不重要。”切合文意。故选E。【18题详解】根据前文“Searchtheworldforideas.(在世界各地寻找灵感)”和后文“Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tmakethemyoursalso.(不管外国传统是什么，没有理由不把它们也变成你的。)”可知，此处是讲可以吸收全世界不同的文化和传统，所以选项D“世界各地有不同的文化和传统。”切合文意。故选D。【19题详解】根据前文“Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.(寻找灵感的一种方法是询问朋友他们做什么)”可知，此处是讲向朋友寻求建议，所以选项G“一般来说，他们可以帮助想出当地的活动和建议。”切合文意。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.(要使它成为一种传统，就需要年复一年地延续下去。所以，在你做出最终决定之前，先试用几年，考虑一下它在未来会如何工作。)”可知，此处是讲让家庭传统长期可行。所以选项A“让它长期可行。”切合文意。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鸦)andallpaintings.Nicknamedthe“DoodleBoy”,hehasmorethan100,000____21____onInstagram.Joe,whois12yearsold,livesinEngland.Hehasbeen____22____artsincehewasasmallchild.“Ialways____23____ontheblackboard,whichmademy____24____angry,andbroughtmemuch____25____.SonowIjustdoafewinschool.”Joetoldmeinarecentinterviewbyvideo.Fortunately,hisparentsrecognizedhis____26____andsignedhimupforanartclub.Whentheartclub____27____someofJoe’sdoodlesonInstagram,alocal____28____askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall.Itprovedtobeareal____29____tocustomers.“Iwasn’treally____30____paintingonatallladder(梯子),soittookmeabout12hoursto____31____doitall,”Joesaid.Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther,ashis____32____increasedwitheverydoodlehemade.Joehassomefavorite____33____inhisartwork,includingaliens(外星人)andmonsters.Ifhegets____34____,heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration.Joe____35____allkidstohavefunwithart.Hethinksthatit’s____36____totrustyourownheart,evenifyouare____37____.“Ifyou’redoodling,becreative,”Joesaid.“Mostimportantly,havefundoingwhatyou____38____.”Joeistheillustrator(插画家)ofanewplayful____39____byEricLupercalledBadFood:GameofScones.Thebookis____40____withJoe’sblack-and-whitedoodles.21.A.strangers B.workers C.followers D.customers22.A.caringabout B.longingfor C.passingdown D.cheeringfor23.A.climbed B.wrote C.exercised D.drew24A.friends B.teachers C.neighbors D.trainers25.A.trouble B.fortune C.help D.pleasure26.A.talent B.achievement C.mistake D.difficulty27.A.doubted B.sold C.received D.posted28.A.government B.restaurant C.scientist D.fan29.A.shock B.attraction C.failure D.relief30.A.concernedabout B.afraidof C.usedto D.tiredof31.A.naturally B.sincerely C.actually D.briefly32.A.curiosity B.bravery C.chance D.skill33.A.characters B.rules C.dreams D.aims34.A.delighted B.bored C.stuck D.defeated35.A.warns B.encourages C.persuades D.requires36.A.easy B.formal C.original D.important37.A.pickedup B.laughedat C.dependedon D.watchedover38.A.love B.imagine C.remember D.miss39.A.game B.movie C.novel D.toy40.A.marked B.covered C.mixed D.filled【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B36.D37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。乔·威尔以他的黑白涂鸦和所有的画作闻名于世，被戏称为“涂鸦男孩”，在Instagram上拥有超过10万名粉丝。文章介绍了乔·威尔从事艺术的经历和现有的成就。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被戏称为“涂鸦男孩”，在Instagram上拥有超过10万名粉丝。A.strangers陌生人；B.workers工人；C.followers粉丝；D.customers顾客。根据“onInstagram”可知，此处是指在Instagram上拥有超过10万名粉丝。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从小就渴望艺术。A.caringabout在意；B.longingfor渴望；C.passingdown遗传；D.cheeringfor为……欢呼。根据“JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鸦)andallpaintings”(乔·威尔以他的黑白涂鸦和所有绘画作品而闻名于世)以及“Ialways______ontheblackboard,whichmademy______angry,andbroughtmemuch_______.”可知，此处是指他从小就渴望艺术。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是在黑板上画画，这使我的老师生气，给我带来了很多麻烦。A.climbed攀爬；B.wrote写；C.exercised锻炼；D.drew画画。根据前文“JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鸦)andallpaintings”(乔·威尔以他的黑白涂鸦和所有绘画作品而闻名于世)可知，此处是指总是在黑板上画画。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是在黑板上画画，这使我的老师生气，给我带来了很多麻烦。A.friends朋友；B.teachers老师；C.neighbors邻居；D.trainers教练员。根据“ontheblackboard”可知，此处是指使老师生气。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是在黑板上画画，这使我的老师生气，给我带来了很多麻烦。A.trouble麻烦；B.fortune财富；C.help帮助；D.pleasure快乐。根据“mademyteachersangry”可知，此处是指带来了很多麻烦。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他的父母发现了他的天赋，并为他报名参加了一个艺术俱乐部。A.talent天赋；B.achievement成就；C.mistake错误；D.difficulty困难。根据“signedhimupforanartclub”可知，此处是指他的父母发现了他的天赋。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当艺术俱乐部在Instagram上发布了乔的一些涂鸦时，当地的一家餐厅问乔的爸爸是否可以在他们的墙上涂鸦。A.doubted怀疑；B.sold售卖；C.received接收；D.posted发布。根据“onInstagram”和“askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall”可知，此处是指艺术俱乐部在Instagram上发布了乔的一些涂鸦。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当艺术俱乐部在Instagram上发布了乔的一些涂鸦时，当地的一家餐厅问乔的爸爸是否可以在他们的墙上涂鸦。A.government政府；B.restaurant餐厅；C.scientist科学家；D.fan风扇。根据“askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall”可知，此处是指当地的一家餐厅。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这对顾客确实有吸引力。A.shock震惊；B.attraction有吸引力的事物；C.failure失败；D.relief释放。根据“tocustomers”可知，此处是指墙上的涂鸦对顾客很有吸引力。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我不太习惯在一个很高的梯子上画画，所以我花了大约12个小时来完成这一切。A.concernedabout担心；B.afraidof害怕；C.usedto习惯；D.tiredof厌倦。根据“soittookmeabout12hours”可知，此处是指不太习惯在一个很高的梯子上画画。故选C。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不太习惯在一个很高的梯子上画画，所以我花了大约12个小时来完成这一切。A.naturally自然地；B.sincerely真诚地；C.actually实际上；D.briefly简短地。根据“doitall”以及“Iwasn’treally_____paintingonatallladder(梯子),”可知，此处是指实际上花了大约12个小时来完成一切。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着每一幅涂鸦的完成，他的绘画技巧得到了进一步的发展。A.curiosity好奇心；B.bravery勇气；C.chance机会；D.skill技巧。根据“Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther”可知，此处是指他的绘画技巧得到了进一步的发展。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔在他的作品中有一些最喜欢的角色，包括外星人和怪物。A.characters角色；B.rules规则；C.dreams梦想；D.aims目标。根据“includingaliens(外星人)andmonsters”可知，此处是指乔在他的作品中有一些最喜欢的角色。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果他卡住了，他会从周围的环境中寻找灵感。A.delighted高兴的；B.bored无聊的；C.stuck卡住的；D.defeated被击败的。根据“heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration”可知，此处是指如果他在创作过程中卡住了。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔鼓励所有的孩子都能从艺术中获得乐趣。A.warns警告；B.encourages鼓励；C.persuades劝说；D.requires要求。根据“tohavefunwithart”可知，此处是指鼓励所有的孩子都能从艺术中获得乐趣。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为相信自己的内心很重要，即使你被嘲笑。A.easy容易的；B.formal庄重的；C.original原创的；D.important重要的。根据“totrustyourownheart”和“Mostimportantly”(最重要的是)可知，此处是指相信自己的内心很重要。故选D。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他认为相信自己的内心很重要，即使你被嘲笑。A.pickedup捡起；B.laughedat嘲笑；C.dependedon依靠；D.watchedover看守。根据“evenif”可知，此处是指即使被嘲笑也要相信自己的内心。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，享受自己喜欢的事。A.love热爱；B.imagine想象；C.remember记得；D.miss错过。根据“havefundoing”可知，此处是指享受做自己热爱的事情。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔是埃里克·卢珀的新小说《坏食物：司康饼的游戏》的插画师。A.game游戏；B.movie电影；C.novel小说；D.toy玩具。根据后文“Thebook”可知，此处是指埃里克·卢珀的新小说。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书里全是乔的黑白涂鸦。A.marked做记号，做标记；B.covered覆盖；C.mixed混合；D.filled充满。根据“withJoe’sblack-and-whitedoodles”和“Joeistheillustrator”可知，此处是指这本书里全是乔的黑白涂鸦。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。TheHighTemperaturesinAntarctica(南极洲)VostokstationisaRussianweatherstationinAntarctica.It’sfamous____41____havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth:-89.2℃.ButlastFriday,Vostokset____42____newrecord,thistimeforitswarmestMarchtemperatureever:-18℃.Thatmaynotsoundverywarm,butit’s15℃warmerthanaverage.OtherareasinAntarcticawereeven____43____(hot).Anearbyweatherstationwas37℃higherthanaverage.Some____44____(place)inAntarcticawereexpectedtobeasmuchas50℃warmerthannormal.Ascientist,____45____studiesweatherinAntarctica,saidthetemperatureshad____46____(complete)changedourexpectationsabouttheAntarcticclimatesystem.Atthistimeofyear,Antarcticaislosing25minutesofdaylighteveryday,andshouldbegettingcolderinsteadofwarmer.An“atmosphericriver”ofwarm,wetairhitAntarcticalastTuesday.Thiskindofweatherpatternisn’tthatunusual.ButonceitgottoAntarctica,itwasstoppedfrom____47____(leave)byahightpressuresystem,calleda“pressuredome(穹顶)”.Asimilarpressuredome____48____(cause)anextremeheatwaveinNorthAmerica’snorthwestlastsummer.Scientistssaythatthemelting(融化)fromthisoneeventisn’tlikelytocausebigchanges.Andit’stooearly____49____(say)ifclimatechangeledtothisevent.Butscientistssaytheyarewatchingcarefullytoseewhetherthisisaone-timeevent____50____partofanewpattern.【答案】41.for42.a43.hotter44.places45.who46.completely47.leaving48.caused49.tosay50.or【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。上周五，Vostok气象站创造了一项新纪录，这一次是有史以来最热的3月份温度：-18℃。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：它因拥有地球上有记录以来最冷的温度而闻名：-89.2℃。根据“havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth”可知，此处是指因拥有地球上有记录以来最冷的温度而闻名，befamousfor意为“因……而著名”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词for。故填for。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：但上周五，东方站创造了一项新纪录，这一次是有史以来最热的3月份温度：-18℃。此处“newrecord”为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指，且new的发音为辅音音素开头，故填a。【43题详解】考查比较级。句意：南极洲的其他地区更热。在even后应用比较级。故填hotter。【44题详解】考查名词复数。句意：南极洲的一些地方预计将比正常温度高出50℃。根据were可知，主语为复数。故填places。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一位在南极研究天气的科学家说，这些气温完全改变了我们对南极气候系统的预期。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为scientist，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。【46题详解】考查副词。句意：一位在南极研究天气的科学家说，这些气温完全改变了我们对南极气候系统的预期。修饰动词changed应用副词completely表示“完全地”，作状语。故填completely。【47题详解】考查动名词。句意：但一旦到达南极洲，它就被一种叫做“压力穹顶”的高压系统阻止了。stop...fromdoing意为“阻止……做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用动名词作宾语。故填leaving。【48题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：去年夏天，一个类似的圆顶压在北美西北部引发了一场极端热浪。根据“lastsummer”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填caused。【49题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：现在说气候变化是否导致了这一事件还为时过早。“itbe+adj+todo”意为“做某事是……的”，为固定句式，此处用it作形式主语，todo不定式为真正的主语。故填tosay。【50题详解】考查连词。句意：但科学家们表示，他们正在仔细观察，以确定这是一次性事件还是一种新模式的一部分。“whether...or...”意为“是……还是……”，为固定句式。故填or。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Myparentstookmevisitmycousininthecountrysideanotherday.Shegreetsuswarmly.Shehasalovelydog,whichwasveryfriendlytomeduringourstay.Weplayedtogetheralotof.Timepassedquicklybutitwasdarkbeforeweknewit.Sayinggoodbyetomycousin,shestarteddrivinghome.Wehadnotgonefartherwhenwefeltasuddenshake,asifwehadhitabigrock.Aftergethome,Ithoughtweprobablyhadrunintomycousindog.Itturnedoutthatmyguesswasright.Fortunately,itwasnotserioushurt.Idecidedtotakesomedeliciousfoodtoitnextweek.【答案】1.在visit前加to2.an→the3.greets→greeted4.去掉of5.but→and6.she→we7.fart