广东省广州市南沙区2022-2023学年高三下学期二模英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市南沙区2022-2023学年高三下学期二模英语试题阅读读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AItgoeswithoutsayingthatsittingatadeskforamajorityofthedaywillhurtourhealth.Butdon’tworrybecausethereisasolution!Afterspendingmuchtimeinvestigatingthedifferentofferswhenitcomestoexerciseequipmentsuitablefortheoffice,I’dliketorevealsomeofmytoprecommendations.☆StabilityCushionThesecushionsareexcellenttorelievebackpainandshoulderaches,stabilizejointsandstrengthenmuscles.Pros&ConsSmallandlightweight.Workswellforlowerbackandposture·Inflatingisn’teasyforsome☆Under-deskEllipticalKeepingyourfeetinmotionwhileseatedcangoalongwaytokeepyouhappier,reducestress,andincreaseyourproductivityPros&ConsEasytocarrylikeabriefcaseWhisperquietandeasytouse·Therubberaroundthemetalbarcanwearoutovertime☆FitnessTrackerWhatgetsmeasuredgetsmanaged,andonegreatwaytokeeptrackofyourfitnessdataisafitnesstracker.Afitnesstrackerrecordsyourenergylevels,steps,distance,hourlyactivityandmorePros&Cons·Verycomfortabletowear·Lotsofappscanbeoperatedtogether·Variouscustomizedoptions·Sometimesthereareconnectivityissues☆BalanceBallChairSittingonabalanceballleadstoincreasedenergyandproductivity.Inthatway,it’sperfectforcompletingtasksathomeorintheoffice.Thischairpromotesmicro-movements,corestrength,andstimulationPros&Cons·Straightforwardtobuild·Agreatsolutionifyouexperiencebackpain·Needstobereinflatedoften1.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext?A.Fitnesstrainers. B.Recoveringpatients.C.Officeworkers. D.Furnituredesigners.2.Whichequipmentpromisestoimproveworkefficiency?A.StabilityCushionandFitnessTracker.B.StabilityCushionandBalanceBallChair.C.Under-deskEllipticalandFitnessTracker.D.Under-deskEllipticalandBalanceBallChair.3.WhatmaybetheproblemofFitnessTracker?A.Itwearsouteasilyovertime. B.Itmayfailtogetlinkedattimes.C.Itoffersfewpersonalizedchoices. D.Itdoesn’tallowtheuseofotherapps.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个办公室可用的锻炼设备。〖答案〗1.C2.D3.B1．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第一段“Itgoeswithoutsayingthatsittingatadeskforamajorityofthedaywillhurtourhealth.Butdon’tworrybecausethereisasolution!Afterspendingmuchtimeinvestigatingthedifferentofferswhenitcomestoexerciseequipmentsuitablefortheoffice,I’dliketorevealsomeofmytoprecommendations.(不用说，大部分时间坐在办公桌前会损害我们的健康。但不要担心，因为有一个解决方案！在花了很多时间调查了各种适合办公室锻炼的设备后，我想透露一些我的最佳建议)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了四个办公室可用的锻炼设备。可推知，文章针对的是办公室白领。故选C。2．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据☆Under-deskElliptical部分中“Keepingyourfeetinmotionwhileseatedcangoalongwaytokeepyouhappier,reducestress,andincreaseyourproductivity(坐着的时候保持双脚的运动可以让你更快乐，减轻压力，提高工作效率)”以及☆BalanceBallChair部分“Sittingonabalanceballleadstoincreasedenergyandproductivity.(坐在平衡球上可以提高精力和工作效率)”可知，Under-deskElliptical和BalanceBallChair有望提高工作效率。故选D。3．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据☆FitnessTracker部分中“·Sometimesthereareconnectivityissues(·有时会有连接问题)”可知，健身追踪器的问题是有时可能无法连接。故选B。BWell,well,well.Itlookslikerobotsarenowcomingforourbelovedfurryfriends.Accordingtoanewstudy,animalrobotsmaybejustaseffective,ifnotbetter,atprovidingtherapeutic(治疗的)benefitstochildrenasrealpets.Assomeonewhohasbothinteractedwithrealdogsandrobots,Icantellyouthatthisisquiteaboldclaim.Sure,robotsmayhavesomebenefitsoverrealdogs.Theycanworkforlongerhoursandwon’tcauseallergies(过敏)orpassondiseases.Butcanarobotgiveyouthatwet-nosed,slobber-filledexperiencethatarealdogcan?Ithinknot.Now,I’mnotsayingthatrobotsdon’thavetheirplaceintherapy.Infact,Icanseehowananimalrobotcouldbehelpfulincertainsituationswherearealdogmightnotbepossible.Butlet’snotgoreplacingallthegoodboysandgirlswithrobotsjustyet.Asforthestudy,it’sinterestingtoseethatwhilethekidssaidtheylovedreal-lifedogsbetter,theyactuallyspentmoretimeinteractingwiththerobot.Icanonlyimaginethatitwasdoingsomeprettyimpressivetricks,somerobotsdanceorrobotjokesmaybe,toholdthekids’attentionforthatlong.Inallseriousness,though,Idothinkit’simportanttoconsiderthewelfareoftherapydogs.Visitinghospitalscanbestressfulandtiringforthem.So,whileImaynotbereadytotradeinmyfurryfriendsforrobotsjustyet,Iamopentotheideaofintroducinganimalrobotsintotherapyprograms.Whoknows?Maybeonedaywe’llallhaveourownpersonalrobotpetsthatcanprovideuswithjustasmuchloveandcompanionshipastherealthing.Butuntilthen,I’llstickwithmytrustyfurryfriends.4.Whatisthetext?A.Aresponsetoarecentstudy.B.Asummaryofascientificstudy.C.Anewsreportofanewinvention.D.Areviewonamedicalexperiment.5.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“thisisquiteaboldclaim”inparagraph1?A.Thenewstudyisquiteabreakthrough.B.Hispersonalexperiencesupportsthestudy.C.Robotshavenotherapeuticbenefitstochildren.D.Robotscannotreplacerealpetsatpresentstage.6.Whichofthefollowingisafindingofthenewstudy?A.Thekidspreferredrobotpetstorealdogs.B.Robotskeptthekids’interestforalongertime.C.Thekids’concentrationwaseffectivelyimproved.D.Robotshadmoretrickstoimpresskidsthanrealdogs.7.Whyistheauthoropentotheideaofusingrobotsintherapy?A.Theycansharesomeoftherapypets’work.B.Theycanguaranteethewelfareoftherapypets.C.Theyprovideuswithjustasmuchloveasrealpets.D.Theyarebetteratreleasingpatients’stressandtiredness.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究：动物机器人在为儿童提供治疗方面可能与真正的宠物一样有效。〖答案〗4.A5.D6.D7.C4．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Accordingtoanewstudy,animalrobotsmaybejustaseffective,ifnotbetter,atprovidingtherapeutic(治疗的)benefitstochildrenasrealpets.(根据一项新的研究，动物机器人在为儿童提供治疗方面，如果不是更好的话，也可能与真正的宠物一样有效。)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了对最近一项研究的回应：动物机器人在为儿童提供治疗方面与真正的宠物一样有效。故选A项。5．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段“Sure,robotsmayhavesomebenefitsoverrealdogs.Theycanworkforlongerhoursandwon’tcauseallergies(过敏)orpassondiseases.Butcanarobotgiveyouthatwet-nosed,slobber-filledexperiencethatarealdogcan?Ithinknot.(当然，机器人可能比真狗有一些好处。它们可以长时间工作，不会引起过敏或传播疾病。但是，机器人能给你真正的狗所能给你的那种流着鼻涕、流着口水的体验吗？我不这么认为。)”可知，作者认为现阶段机器人宠物还不能取代真正的宠物。作者说“thisisquiteaboldclaim(这是一个相当大胆的主张)”暗含的意思是现阶段机器人宠物还不能取代真正的宠物。故选D项。6．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第四段中“Asforthestudy,it’sinterestingtoseethatwhilethekidssaidtheylovedreal-lifedogsbetter,theyactuallyspentmoretimeinteractingwiththerobot.(对于这项研究，有趣的是，虽然孩子们说他们更喜欢现实生活中的狗，但他们实际上花了更多的时间与机器人互动。)”可知，机器人比真狗更能打动孩子。故选D项。7．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据最后一段“So,whileImaynotbereadytotradeinmyfurryfriendsforrobotsjustyet,Iamopentotheideaofintroducinganimalrobotsintotherapyprograms.Whoknows?Maybeonedaywe’llallhaveourownpersonalrobotpetsthatcanprovideuswithjustasmuchloveandcompanionshipastherealthing.Butuntilthen,I’llstickwithmytrustyfurryfriends.(所以，虽然我可能还没有准备好把我毛茸茸的朋友换成机器人，但我愿意接受将动物机器人引入治疗方案的想法。谁知道呢？也许有一天，我们都将拥有自己的个人机器人宠物，它们能给我们提供和真狗一样多的爱和陪伴。但在那之前，我会和我值得信赖的毛茸茸的朋友们待在一起。)”可知，作者对在治疗中使用机器人持开放的态度是因为它们能给我们提供的爱和陪伴和真正的宠物狗一样多。故选C项。CThebestideasareoftensosmart,sosimpleandsoclearlyneeded;it’sstrangetodiscovertheydon’talreadyexist.SoitiswithFarmMySchool,aprogramthat’sturningunderusedlandatsecondaryschoolsintocommerciallyachievable,regenerativemarketgardensfarmedbyandforlocalcommunities.Co-foundedbypermaculturistBenShawandregenerativeeducatorJamesMcLennan,FarmMySchoolconnectslocalpeopleandorganizationsthroughvolunteeringthathelpsestablishaschool’smarketgarden.Studentslearnaboutcommunitynetworks,healthyeating,ecologicalresponsibility,wastereductionandclimatereliefwhilehelpingwithfoodproduction.Schoolsintegratealltheseintotheircourseswhileproducingvegetableboxeseveryweekthatfeedlocalfamilies,supplytheschool’sfoodneedsandultimatelypaythefarmer’ssalary.FarmMySchoolhasgainedtheextraordinaryenthusiasmofthelocals,whoansweredanonlineshout-outtobuyticketstotheprogram’slauncheventatBellSecondarySchoollastOctober.CalledBuildAFarminaDayFestival,theeventfeaturedworkshopsbyBenandJamestosharetheskillsrequiredtobuildwhattheysayistheworld’slargestno-diggarden.“Itwassuchapowerfulevent,andIthinkthatcomesdowntopeoplewantingtoactnow,”saysJames.“Wechargedfortheexperienceand600guysturnedup!Theydidn’tevenneedfreedrinkstogetexcited.Weweregardeningtillmidnight.Itwasamazing.We’vegottruecommunitybuy-in.”Volunteershavesincebegunbeneficialplantingthroughouttheschool.Nextstepsincludefurtherdiscussionswithlocalcommunities,employingafarmer,andbringinginateachertodevelopcourses.“We’veseenthishugepushtowardsseeingschoolsasregenerativespaces,notjustforplantingbutforkidstobemoreconnectedtotheoutsideworld,andreallyseeingtheschoolinawholenewlight,”Jamessays.“Forus,thebigexcitementisthatbyallowingaprofessionalfarmertotaketheresponsibilityofgrowingfood,it’snotonlyontheschooltolookafterthatfarmanymore,whicheventuallymakesitmuchmoresustainable,”addsBen.8.WhywasFarmMySchoolfounded?A.Toraisetheincomeofthelocalpeople.B.Toadvocateacommercialfarmingplan.C.Toprovidefreefoodforlocalcommunities.D.Toturnunderusedcampuslandintomarketgardens.9.Howdoschoolsinvolvestudentsintotheprogram?A.Bydevelopingprogram-basedcourses.B.Byorganizingvoluntaryworkincommunities.C.Byofferingthempart-timejobsinthemarketgardens.D.Byencouragingthemtoproducedailyvegetableboxes.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buy-in”meaninparagraph3?A.Competition.B.Investment.C.Support.D.Protection.11.WhatisthehighlightoftheprogramaccordingtoBen?A.Itbringsinmoneytosupporttheschool.B.Theschoolfarmwillbeabletolastlong.C.Thelocalpeoplewilltakecareofthefarm.D.Studentsconnectmorewiththeoutsideworld.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。〖答案〗8.D9.A10.C11.B8．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段中“SoitiswithFarmMySchool,aprogramthat’sturningunderusedlandatsecondaryschoolsintocommerciallyachievable,regenerativemarketgardensfarmedbyandforlocalcommunities.(‘我的学校农场’项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地变成商业上可实现的再生市场花园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务)”可知，我的学校是为了把未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园而建立的。故选D项。9．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中“Studentslearnaboutcommunitynetworks,healthyeating,ecologicalresponsibility,wastereductionandclimatereliefwhilehelpingwithfoodproduction.Schoolsintegratealltheseintotheircourseswhileproducingvegetableboxeseveryweekthatfeedlocalfamilies,supplytheschool’sfoodneedsandultimatelypaythefarmer’ssalary.(学生们在帮助粮食生产的同时，学习社区网络、健康饮食、生态责任、减少废物和缓解气候。学校将所有这些整合到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，为当地家庭提供食物，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目中来。故选A项。10．〖解析〗词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Wechargedfortheexperienceand600guysturnedup!Theydidn’tevenneedfreedrinkstogetexcited.Weweregardeningtillmidnight.Itwasamazing.(我们收取了体验费，600个人来了！他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜。太神奇了)”说明大家很支持这个项目，从而推知划线词句“We’vegottruecommunitybuy-in.(我们得到了真正的社区buy-in)”其中划线词应为“支持，认可”的意思。故选C项。11．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Forus,thebigexcitementisthatbyallowingaprofessionalfarmertotaketheresponsibilityofgrowingfood,it’snotonlyontheschooltolookafterthatfarmanymore,whicheventuallymakesitmuchmoresustainable,’addsBen.(Ben补充说：‘对我们来说，最令人兴奋的是，允许专业农民承担种植食物的责任，不再仅仅是学校来照看农场，这最终使它更具可持续性。’)”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B项。DIn1977,IrenePepperberg,aHarvardgraduate,decidedtoinvestigatethethoughtprocessesofanothercreaturebytalkingtoit.Todothis,shewouldteachaone-year-oldAfricangrayparrot(鹦鹉),Alex,toreproducethesoundoftheEnglishlanguage.PepperbergboughtAlexinapetstore,wheresheletthestore’sassistantchoosehimbecauseshedidn’twantotherscientiststosaythatshehadintentionallychosenanespeciallysmartbird.GiventhatAlex’sbrainwasjustthesizeofawalnut,mostresearchersthoughtPepperberg’scommunicationstudywouldbefutile.ButwithPepperberg’spatientteaching,Alexlearnedhowtofollowalmost100Englishwords.Hecouldcounttosixandhadlearnedthesoundforsevenandeight.ButthepointwasnottoseeifAlexcouldlearnwordsbyheart.Pepperbergwantedtogetinsidehismindandlearnmoreaboutabird’sunderstandingoftheworld.Inonedemonstration,Pepperbergheldupagreenkeyandagreencupforhimtolookat.“What’sthesame?”sheasked.“Co-lor,”Alexrespondedwithouthesitation.“What’sdifferent?”Pepperbergasked.“Shape,”Alexquicklyreplied.Hisvoicehadthesoundhofacartooncharacter.Butthewords—andwhatcanonlybecalledthethoughts—wereentirelyhis.ManyofAlex’sskils,suchashisabilitytounderstandtheconceptsof“same”and“different”,arerareintheanimalworld.Livinginacomplexsociety,parrotslikeAlexmustkeeptrackofchangingrelationnshipsandenvironments.Duringthedemonstration,asiftoofferfinalproofofthemindinsidehisbird’sbrain,Alexspokeup.“Talkclearly!”hecommanded,whenoneoftheyoungerbirdsPepperbergwasalsoteachingmispronouncedtheword“green”.Alexknewalltheanswershimselfandwasgettingbored.“He’smoody,”saidPepperberg,“soheinterruptstheothers,orhegivesthewronganswerjusttobedifficult.”Pepperbergwascertainlylearningmoreaboutthemindofaparrot,butliketheparentofatroublesometeenager,shewaslearningthehardway.12.WhydidPepperberglettheshopassistantchoosethebird?A.Abirdwithasmallbrainwasneeded.B.Shewantedaverysmartbirdforherstudy.C.Aresearchsubjectshouldberandomlychosen.D.Theshopassistantwasbetteratchoosingbirds.13.WhatmightmostresearchersthinkofPepperberg’sstudyatfirst?A.Innovative.B.Practical.C.Costly.D.Fruitless.14.WhichofthefollowingaspectsofAlex’sabilitydidPepperberg’sstudyfocuson?A.Understandingconcepts.B.Calculating.C.Recognizingvoices.D.CreatingEnglishwords.15.WhatcausedPepperberg’sstruggleinherstudy?A.HerinstructionshadtobeeasyforAlex.B.Alexwassometimestooclevertocontrol.C.Alexwouldpointoutotherbirds’mistakes.D.ShehadtroubleunderstandingAlex’smood.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1977年哈佛大学毕业生IrenePepperberg决定通过与另一种生物交谈来研究它的思维过程，以及她研究鹦鹉的过程和遇到的困难。〖答案〗12.C13.D14.A15.B12．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中“PepperbergboughtAlexinapetstore,wheresheletthestore’sassistantchoosehimbecauseshedidn’twantotherscientiststosaythatshehadintentionallychosenanespeciallysmartbird.(Pepperberg在一家宠物店买了Alex，她让店员挑选，因为她不想让其他科学家说她故意挑选了一只特别聪明的鸟。)”可知，Pepperberg让店员挑选那只鸟，是因为要随机选择研究对象。故选C项。13．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段中“GiventhatAlex’sbrainwasjustthesizeofawalnut,mostresearchersthoughtPepperberg’scommunicationstudywouldbefutile.(考虑到Alex的大脑只有核桃那么大，大多数研究人员认为Pepperberg的交流研究是徒劳的。)”可知，大多数研究人员一开始认为Pepperberg的研究不会成功。故选D项。14．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段中“Pepperbergwantedtogetinsidehismindandlearnmoreaboutabird’sunderstandingoftheworld.(Pepperberg想深入他的大脑，了解更多关于鸟类对世界的理解。)”以及第四段中“ManyofAlex’sskils,suchashisabilitytounderstandtheconceptsof‘same’and‘different’,arerareintheanimalworld.(Alex的许多技巧，比如他理解‘相同’和‘不同'概念的能力，在动物界是罕见的。)”可知，Pepperberg的研究关注的是Alex的理解概念的能力。故选A项。15．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘He’smoody,’saidPepperberg,‘soheinterruptstheothers,orhegivesthewronganswerjusttobedifficult.’(‘他很情绪化，'Pepperberg说，‘所以他会打断别人，或者只是为了刁难别人而给出错误的〖答案〗。')”可知，Alex有时太聪明了，无法控制，导致Pepperberg在她研究中陷入困境。故选B项。EWhatmakesaworkofarchitecturegreat?Mostpeoplewouldarguethataesthetics(美感)arethemostimportant.____16____However,RomanarchitectMarcusVitruviusPolliobelievedthatweshouldalsoconsiderdurabilityandfunctionwhenassessingastructure.TheRostonvilleLibraryinmycityisagreatexampleofVitruvius’sprinciples.Constructedentirelyofgranite—ahardandtoughstone,thelibraryisdurable.Itcanwithstandenvironmentalpollution.Forexample,itisresistanttoacidrain.Moreover,itsgranitestructureisstablesoit’smorelikelytosurviveanearthquake.____17____Itusessolarenergyforheatingandarooftopgardenforcooling.____18____Providingfreeaccesstoprintanddigitalinformation,itconveysafeelingofopennessandaccessibility.Furthermore,theentirelibraryisononelevel,andithasanopendesign—therearenoinnerwallsordividers.Inaddition,largewindowsletinplentyofnaturallight,soit’seasytoseeandgettoeachdepartmentwithinthelibrary.Finally,thelibraryisbeautiful,withaestheticallypleasingdetailsbothinsideandout.Thelargewindowsarecopper-framed(铜框的).Thecoppercolorprovidesaninterestingcontrastagainstthecolorofthegranitestructureanditwillremainasthecopperages.Growthfromtherooftopgarden,whichreachesdownthesidesofthebuilding,addstotheaestheticsofthebuilding.____19____Durability,functionalityandbeautymaketheRostonvilleLibraryagreatstructure.ArchitectswhofollowVitruvius’sprincipleshelptomakethecitymorepleasanttolivein.____20____A.Thelibraryisalsosustainable.B.Itistruethatbeautyiscritical.C.Thisisnottheonlyconcernofthearchitects.D.Thelibrarywasdesignedwithfunctionalityinmind.E.Itsoftensthelinesofthestructureandhelpsittofitintoitsnaturalsurroundings.F.Plus，thelibrarywasbuiltontheedgeofthecitypark，surroundedbynativeplants.G.Buildingsthatfulfillthesecriteriaofferbothpeaceofmindandbeautyfortheirusers.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伟大建筑作品除了具有美感以外，还要有耐久性和功能性。〖答案〗16.B17.A18.D19.E20.G16．〖解析〗上文“Mostpeoplewouldarguethataesthetics(美感)arethemostimportant.(大多数人会认为美感是最重要的。)”说明美感的重要性。选项B“的确，美是至关重要的”承接上文，是对上文的肯定。同时引出下文“However,RomanarchitectMarcusVitruviusPolliobelievedthatweshouldalsoconsiderdurabilityandfunctionwhenassessingastructure.(然而，罗马建筑师MarcusVitruviusPollio认为，在评估结构时，我们还应该考虑耐久性和功能。)”，与之构成转折关系。选项B起到承上启下的作用，故选B项。17．〖解析〗下文“Itusessolarenergyforheatingandarooftopgardenforcooling.(它使用太阳能供暖，屋顶花园制冷。)”介绍图书馆使用可持续能源的具体做法。选项A“图书馆也是可持续的”引出下文，说明图书馆使用的能源是可持续的。下文中It指选项中Thelibrary，语义一致，故选A项。18．〖解析〗下文“Providingfreeaccesstoprintanddigitalinformation,itconveysafeelingofopennessandaccessibility.Furthermore,theentirelibraryisononelevel,andithasanopendesign—therearenoinnerwallsordividers.Inaddition,largewindowsletinplentyofnaturallight,soit’seasytoseeandgettoeachdepartmentwithinthelibrary.(提供免费的印刷和数字信息，它传达了一种开放和无障碍的感觉。此外，整个图书馆都在同一层，它有一个开放的设计——没有内墙或隔板。此外，大窗户让充足的自然光进入，所以很容易看到和到达图书馆的每个部门。)”具体解释了图书馆的设计,充分考虑到了其功能，选项D“图书馆的设计考虑到了功能”概括本段大意。故选D项。19．〖解析〗上文“Growthfromtherooftopgarden,whichreachesdownthesidesofthebuilding,addstotheaestheticsofthebuilding.(从屋顶花园一直延伸到建筑的两侧，增加了建筑的美感。)”说明屋顶花园增加了建筑和自然环境的联系，选项E“它软化了结构的线条，有助于它融入自然环境”承接上文，说明它的设计融入自然环境。故选E项。20．〖解析〗上文“Durability,functionalityandbeautymaketheRostonvilleLibraryagreatstructure.ArchitectswhofollowVitruvius’sprincipleshelptomakethecitymorepleasanttolivein.(耐用性、功能性和美观性使罗斯顿维尔图书馆成为一个伟大的建筑。遵循Vitruvius原则的建筑师帮助这座城市变得更加宜居。)”介绍伟大的建筑的标准，选项G“满足这些标准的建筑为用户提供了内心的平静和美丽”承接上文，进一步说明满足这些标准带来的内在美。故选G项。语言运用Iusedtothinkmylifewasperfect.Mymomhadherdreamjobandabeautifuloffice,andIhadmyownroomwithacomputerandagardento____21____.ButoneSunday,everythingchanged.Ahurricane____22____ourneighborhoodwhilewewerevisitingmygrandparentsinRaleigh.Ourkitchenwasdestroyed,andourcleanandcomfortablehomewasinruins.Butsomething____23____happened.Ourneighbors,theFloresfamily,cametoour___24___.Theyhelpedclearbrokenpiecesandofferedusaplacetostay.Their___25___wasmostimpressive.Wehadnever____26____spokentothembefore,butthey_____27_____theirhometousandmadeusfeellikefamily.Westartedanew____28____ofhavingweekenddinnertogether.Weinvitedotherfamiliesfromtheneighborhoodtojoinus,andour.____29____werefilledwithlaughteranddeliciousfood.Itwasabeautifulthingtoseeour___30___cometogetherinthewakeofadisaster.I___31___knewRosica,theirdaughter,beforethehurricane.Butshequicklybecamemyfriend.Shehadagiftfor___32___andoureveningstogetherwerefilledwithadventureandlaughter.Lookingback,Irealizethatthehurricane____33____unexpectedbenefit.Itbroughtusclosertoourneighborsand____34____ourlivesinwayswenevercouldhaveimagined.Sometimes,ittakesa(n)____35____tobringoutthebestinpeople.21.A.tendto B.worryabout C.dreamof D.dealwith22.A.visited B.skipped C.approached D.swept23.A.invisible B.unexpected C.impossible D.unlucky24.A.mind B.knowledge C.aid D.sense25.A.belief B.request C.wealth D.kindness26.A.really B.carefully C.naturally D.clearly27.A.sold B.rented C.showed D.opened28.A.business B.project C.tradition D.life29.A.reunions B.gatherings C.journeys D.memories30.A.family B.volunteers C.community D.supporters31.A.soon B.never C.already D.also32.A.fortunetelling B.storytelling C.mindreading D.housekeeping33.A.broughtabout B.resultedfrom C.madeupfor D.gotawaywith34.A.saved B.controlled C.enriched D.recorded35.A.instant B.effort C.party D.disaster【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的社区被飓风所摧毁，而之前并不熟悉的邻居向作者一家伸出了援手，社区也团结在了一起。作者感悟到一场灾难才能激发出人们最好的一面。〖答案〗21.A22.D23.B24.C25.D26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D21．〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：我妈妈有一份理想的工作和一间漂亮的办公室，我有自己的房间，有一台电脑和一个花园要打理。A.tendto照料；B.worryabout担心；C.dreamof梦想；D.dealwith处理。根据上文“agardento”指照料花园，应用tendto。故选A。22．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们去罗利拜访我的祖父母时，一场飓风席卷了我们的社区。A.visited参观；B.skipped跳跃；C.approached靠近；D.swept扫除；席卷。根据后文“Ourkitchenwasdestroyed,andourcleanandcomfortablehomewasinruins.(我们的厨房被毁了，我们干净舒适的家变成了废墟)”指一场飓风席卷了我们的社区。故选D。23．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情发生了。A.invisible看不见的；B.unexpected意外的；C.impossible不可能的；D.unlucky不幸的。结合后文“Theyhelpedclearbrokenpiecesandofferedusaplacetostay.”和最后一段提到的“Lookingback,Irealizethatthehurricane________unexpectedbenefit.”可知，几乎没怎么说话的邻居一家来帮助作者他们，所以这是意想不到的事情。故选B。24．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的邻居弗洛雷斯一家来帮助我们。A.mind思维；B.knowledge知识；C.aid帮助；D.sense感觉。根据后文“Theyhelpedclearbrokenpiecesandofferedusaplacetostay.(他们帮我们清理碎片，还给了我们一个住处)”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，短语为cometoone’said表示“帮助某人”。故选C。25．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的善良给人留下了深刻的印象。A.belief信念；B.request要求；C.wealth财富；D.kindness善良。根据上文“Theyhelpedclearbrokenpiecesandofferedusaplacetostay.(他们帮我们清理碎片，还给了我们一个住处)”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，所以说他们十分善良。故选D。26．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们以前从未和他们真正交谈过，但他们向我们敞开了家门，让我们有家的感觉。A.really真正地；B.carefully仔细地；C.naturally自然地；D.clearly清楚地。后文“spokentothembefore,butthey”中but表示转折，说明此前从未和他们真正交谈过，故选A。27．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们以前从未和他们真正交谈过，但他们向我们敞开了家门，让我们有家的感觉。A.sold出售；B.rented租；C.showed展示；D.opened打开。结合上文“offeredusaplacetostay”指邻居为作者一家敞开大门。故选D。28．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们开始了周末一起吃晚饭的新传统。A.business生意；B.project项目；C.tradition传统；D.life生活。根据后文“ofhavingweekenddinnertogether”可知，指周末一起吃晚饭的新传统。故选C。29．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们邀请了附近的其他家庭加入我们，我们的聚会充满了笑声和美味的食物。A.reunions团聚；B.gatherings聚会；C.journeys旅程；D.memories记忆。根据上文“Weinvitedotherfamiliesfromtheneighborhoodtojoinus,andour”可知，他邀请了附近的其他家庭加入，所以指聚会充满了笑声和美味的食物。故选B。30．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我们的社区在灾难之后团结起来是一件很美好的事情。A.family家人；B.volunteers志愿者；C.community社区；D.supporters支持者。根据上文“Weinvitedotherfamilies”可知，社区因为灾难团结在一起，开始一起聚会。故选C。31．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：飓风来之前，我一点也不认识他们的女儿罗西卡。A.soon很快；B.never从不；一点也不；C.already已经；D.also也。根据后文“knewRosica,theirdaughter,beforethehurricane”可知，飓风之前作者一点也不认识邻居的女儿。故选B。32．〖解析〗考查名词短语辨析。句意：她有讲故事的天赋，我们在一起的夜晚充满了冒险和笑声。A.fortunetelling算命；B.storytelling讲故事；C.mindreading读心术；D.housekeeping内务工作。根据后文“andoureveningstogetherwerefilledwithadventureandlaughter”可知，罗西卡有讲故事的天赋，让他们在一起的夜晚充满了冒险和笑声。故选B。33．〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我意识到飓风带来了意想不到的好处。A.broughtabout引起；B.resultedfrom起因于；C.madeupfor补偿；D.gotawaywith逃避惩罚。根据后文“unexpectedbenefit”指飓风带来了意想不到的好处。故选A。34．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：它拉近了我们与邻居的距离，并以我们从未想象过的方式丰富了我们的生活。A.saved拯救；B.controlled控制；C.enriched丰富；D.recorded记录。呼应上文“oureveningstogetherwerefilledwithadventureandlaughter”指丰富了生活。故选C。35．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，一场灾难才能激发出人们最好的一面。A.instant瞬间；B.effort努力；C.party派对；D.disaster灾难。飓风之后社区团结在一起，所以是一场灾难才能激发出人们最好的一面。故选D。语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FanJinshi,anarchaeologistfromBeijingUniversity,firstvisitedtheMogaocavesasanundergraduatestudentin1962.Despitethecaves’tough_____36_____(condition),Fanwasdeterminedtostudynationalculturalheritage(遗产)andstayedtopursueherdream.Overtime,Fan’scommitmenttopreservingnationalculturalheritagegrew____37____(strong).ShejoinedtheCommunistPartyofChinain1974andbecameevenmoredeterminedtoprotecttheMogaocaveswhentheywereofficiallyopentotouristsin1979.____38____(face)withthechallengeofbalancingconservationandtourism,Fanknewthatasolutionhadtobefound.She____39____(convince)thatthecaves’socialimportancefaroutweighedtheireconomicpotentialandthatscientificprotectionwasthekeytotheir____40____(survive).Inthelate1980s,Fancameupwith____41____innovativeplantodigitizetheMogaocaves,permanentlypreservingthemurals(壁画),paintedcultures,andhistoricaldata.In2016,DigitalDunhuangwaslaunchedonline,allowingpeopleworldwide____42____(enjoy)comprehensiveimagesofthecaves.Inhereighties,FanJinshiisasbusyasbefore,working_____43_____(tireless)toconserveandmanagethecaves.Shehopesthatyoungpeoplewillcarry____44____the“MogaoSpirit”andbuildabetterDunhuangAcademy,_____45_____shespentherlifetime.“Letthisbemyepitaph,”Fansays,“I’vedoneallIcouldforDunhuang.”【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古学家樊锦诗终生致力于对莫高窟的保护。她希望年轻人能继承“莫高精神”，把她度过一生的敦煌书院建设得更好。〖答案〗36.conditions37.stronger38.Faced39.wasconvinced40.survival41.an42.toenjoy43.tirelessly44.on##forward45.where36．〖解析〗考查名词复数。句意：尽管洞穴条件艰苦，樊锦诗还是决心研究民族文化遗产，并留下来追求她的梦想。该空需要一个名词作宾语，此处指在莫高窟工作条件艰苦，〖提示〗词condition意为“条件时”常用复数形式。故填conditions。37．〖解析〗考查形容词比较级。句意：随着时间的推移，樊锦诗对保护民族文化遗产的奉献越来越坚定。该空为句子的表语部分，〖提示〗词strong为形容词，根据时间状语overtime可知，她奉献的决心随时间变化而越来越强，应使用形容词比较级作表语。故填stronger。38．〖解析〗考查非谓语动词。句意：面对平衡保护和旅游的挑战，樊锦诗知道必须找到一个解决方案。短语befacedwith意为“面对着”，所给动词face在句中作状语，并结合空后的wit