Unit1ScienceFictionDiscoverUsefulStructures被动语态课件高中英语人教版选择性

UNIT1

SCIENCEFICTIONReviewUsefulStructuresCompareFindoutthesubjectandobjectineachsentence.WhatvoiceisusedSomebodycleansthisroomeveryday.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.主动语态被动语态Thestreetiscleanedbythedustmeneverymorning.Thedustmencleanesthestreeteverymorning.Scanthereadingtextandunderlinealltheverbsinthepassivevoice.Thendiscusswithapartnerwhythepassivevoiceisused.①Itwasgoingtobetestedout

byLarry'swife,Claire.②Nowshewasbeinglookedafter

byarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.③Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathy

byarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.④Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyher

totheshops,hewroteoutalistofthingsthathewouldneedforhisworkonthehouse.⑤Tonyexpectedthatthehouse,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbeready.⑥Thesaleswomantherewasrudetoher,sosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。be+done一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。主要用于需要强调动作承受者、不必要指出动作执行者的情况，或出于语篇衔接连贯的需要，用于通知、通告、科技类文章以示客观。

Hisfamilylivedinasmallwoodenhouse.Thehousewasbuiltaftertheflood2yearsago.在“be+动词过去分词”结构中，助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化，变化规则与系动词be相同。时态被动语态的构成例句一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Theschoolwallsarepaintedeveryyear.一般过去时was

/were+过去分词Iwasinvitedtothetalkshowyesterday.一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词Thematterwillbelookedintointhefuture.现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词Theshiphasbeenrepaired.现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词Twomenarebeingquestionedbythepolice.过去进行时was

/were+being+过去分词TheroadswerebeingbuiltwhenIpassedby.1.常见时态的被动语态时态被动语态的构成例句过去完成时had+been+过去分词Thefirehadbeenputoutwhenthefirefightersarrived.将来完成时willhavebeen+过去分词Thedrawingwillhavebeencompletedbytheendofthisweek.情态动词1.常见时态的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.2.使用被动语态的几种情况(1).不知道或不必提及动作的执行者这类被动句的特点是不用by引出动作的执行者。PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromChina.(2).强调动作的承受者时强调动作的承受者，把承受者作为谈话的中心时，用被动语态。这类被动句可以用by引出动作的执行者，也可以不用。Manybuildingsweredestroyedinthebigfire.(3).出于礼貌或某种原因，避免说出动作的执行者时Youwillbecontacted.

我们会和你联系的。(4).公告、通知、新闻报道、报纸标题、科技文章中Rubbishisstrictlyprohibited

here.

此处严禁倒垃圾。(公告)1.Thatplay_______________(put)onagainsometimenextmonth.2.Thebook________________(print)nowandwillcomeout

soon.3.Planes,carsandtrains_____________(use)bybusinesspeoplefortravelling.4.

A

beautifulhorse______________(draw)

byJohntheotherday.5.Theoldmanisill.

He_________________(mustsend)to

hospitalatonce.用所给动词的正确时态和语态完成句子willbeputareusedwasdrawnisbeingprintedmustbesent6.Hesaidthework________________(finish)inaweek.7.TheChildren’sPalace____________________(build)lastmonth.I’mnotsureifitiscompleted.8.Shelookedatthelanternsthat___________________(light)byherfather.9.Thedrawing_______________________(complete)bytheendofthisweek.wouldbefinishedwasbeingbuilthadbeenlightedwillhavebeencompleted1Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2Janet______________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)beundonewaselectedn.女主席木已成舟。珍妮特上个月当选为学生会主席。Completethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.3Twohundredgrammesofflourshould___________tothecakemix.(add)4A3,000-seatvenue___________________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)5.Workingefficiency________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)n.克(重量单位)n.面粉n.活动场地beaddedwillbebuilt/wasbuilt蛋糕里需要加入两百克面粉。一个拥有三千座位，供马戏表演使用的场地于十一月/将在十一月建成。自从采用了新软件，工作效率就被提升了。hasbeenimproved7Itisagreathonourformeto____________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary________________________atthemeeting.(discuss)beinvitedwasbeingdiscussedn.售货员；推销员我很荣幸能被邀请在AI大会上发言。我进会议室的时候发现正在讨论销售员的薪水。6.Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage_________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)isallowed经济舱的乘客每人仅允许携带一件随身行李。9WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExanimation.Heisexpectedto______________toatopuniversity.(admit)beadmitted使用转换为盲文的高考试卷，一位高中的视障学生考取了630分(总分650)。他有望被一所名校录取。3.主动形式表被动意义的情况1.

连系动词（如look,appear,

seem,

sound,taste,

smell,

feel等）后接表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。道理是，“事物”作句子主语给人在感官上某种感觉,不用被动语态。Hissuggestionsoundsgreat.

他的建议听起来不错。Silkfeelssmooth.

丝绸摸起来光滑。2.当read,wash,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry,lock,write等作不及物动词表示主语的某种属性时，常以主动形式表示被动意义。此时往往有一个状语修饰(如well,easily等)。Thedoorlockseasily.

这门很好锁。Theclothwasheswell.

这布料很好洗。Thepenwritessmoothly.这支钢笔写起来很顺畅。Thehouseneedscleaning.→Thehouseneeds________________.tobecleaned3.在need,

want,

require等表示“需要”的动词后，用动名词(V-ing)的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不定式的被动形式。4.在“be+形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。常见形容词有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等。Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Volleyballisveryinterestingtowatch.4.使用被动语态时应注意的问题1.

不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。常见的有：appear,disappear,breakout,cometrue,runout,dateback,happen,goon,takeplace,belongto,等。Thisroom（belongto）me.Whenwillthesportsmeeting（takeplace）belongstotakeplace4.使用被动语态时应注意的问题2.make,see,hear,watch,notice等感官动词或使役动词：在主动语态里，作宾补的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to要还原。Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.togo4.使用被动语态时应注意的问题2.make,see,hear,watch,notice等感官动词或使役动词：在主动语态里，作宾补的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to要还原。Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.togo4.使用被动语态时应注意的问题3.“get+过去分词”,也可以表示被动含义。Youshouldprotectyourskintoavoidgetting

(sunburn)whenyougooutinthehotsun.sunburntTheminersgot___________(trap)inthedeepminelastTuesday.trapped选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子或对话。1.Letters________________(aresent,willbesent)bythepostmanat8everyday.2.Thisbag________________(wasfound,found)onthebusyesterday.3.Thedress________________(doesn’twash,can’tbewashed)inhotwater.4.Thistower__________________(hasnotbeenrebuilt,hasnotrebuilt)sincethe1930’s.aresent

wasfoundcan’tbewashed

hasnotbeenrebuilt5.Themachine________________(wasbeingtested,tested)justwhenthemanagercame.6.Thenewplan________________(willannounce,willbeannounced)intwodays.7.Look!Yourcar________________(isbeinglifted,islifting)offtheground.

wasbeingtested

willbeannouncedisbeinglifted8.WhenIstopped,mycar________________(hit,washit)frombehind.9.—Whatwerewedoingat11o’clock—We____________________(werebeinginterviewed,wereinterviewing)byareporter.washitwerebeinginterviewedReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectSciencefiction_____________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand____________________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_________byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.isregardedexplored/representedwrittenTheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume_________________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook___________________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectwastranslatedrepresentsTheThree-BodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye_____________tojoinasecretpro