重庆市2024-2025学年高考英语适应性月考卷一试题含解析

Page26重庆市2025届高考适应性月考卷(一)英语留意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清晰。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)留意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanthispieservedwith?A.Cream.B.Cheese.C.Nothing.2.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Acustomer.B.Aneyespecialist.C.Anonlineshopowner.3.Whichjeanswilltheboywear?A.Thewhiteones.B.Theblackones.C.Theblueones.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'shair?A.Shorthairsuitsher.B.Sheshouldgrowitlong.C.Herhairgrowsslowly.5.Howmanytimeshasthemanseenthesinger?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.InScotland.B.InItaly.C.InIndia.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Traveltips.B.Gesturesindifferentcultures.C.InterestingtraditionsinEurope.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8.Wheredoabandonedbikesbecomeamajorproblem?A.Outsidethesubwaystation.B.Outsidetheshoppingmall.C.Inthepark.9.Howisthewomanrelatedtotheman?A.She'shismother.B.She'shissister.C.She'shisneighbor.10.Whatbikedidthewomanhaveasachild?A.Ahiredone.B.Anewone.C.Ausedone.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。11.WhatdoesJoeprobablyprefertoread?A.Poems.B.Horrorfiction.C.Naturebooks.12.WhatdoesJanethinkofStrayBirds?A.Meaningful.B.Interesting.C.Boring.13.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Saturday.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtorecycle.B.Whytorecycle.C.Whattoberecycled.15.Howdoesthewomanrecyclenewspapers?A.Bycleaningtables.B.Bywrappingbottlesandcans.C.Bystartingafireforherfireplace.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hewasheshiswindowstwiceayear.B.Heoftenwarmshimselfwithafireplaçe.C.Hewilltakeuselessthingstotherecyclingcentre.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.HighereducationintheUS.B.ThelifeofstudentsintheU.S.C.U.S.studentsandtheirfuturejobs.18.WhatjobsdoAmericangraduatestudentshopetofind?A.Thosethatarequitespecial.B.Thosethatareverychallenging.C.Thosethatareinterestingandwell-paid.19.Whatisthegraduatestudents'lifelikeinAmerica?A.Meaningful.B.Tough.C.Interesting.20.WhatdomostAmericangraduatestudentsthinkofspendingtimeontheirstudies?A.Itisunnecessary.B.Itwillpayoff.C.Itisnotrewarding.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABenefitingfromthe5,000yearshistory,manyancientcitiesexistinthevastlandofChina.Hereare4ancientcitiesinChinaandeachhastheiruniquefeatures.ShangqiuAncientCity●History:4,000years●OpeningHours:08:00-17:30inwinter;08:00-18:00insummer●TicketPrice:¥70percomboticket(组合票)SituatedintheYellowRiverValley,ShangqiuareaisconsideredthebirthplaceofChinesecivilization.ThebesttimetovisititisaroundtheChineseNewYear,whenthegrandesttemplefairatShangqiuisheldtoworshiptheGodofFire.AncientCityofPingyao●History:2,700years●OpeningHours:08:00-17:30●TicketPrice:FreeentryIthasnocharminglandscape,greenmountainsorclearwaters.Whatisuniquethereisthewell-preservedancientcitywithagrandCityWall,traditionalresidences,time-honoredshops,andeventhepreviousgovernmentoffice.FenghuangAncientTown●History:467years●OpeningHours:allday;08:00-17:30forTuoRiverdaycruise;18:00-22:30fornightcruise●TicketPrice:FreeentryConstructedin1556,FenghuangAncientTownisanotherhistoricalcityinChinaknownforethnicdiversity.GenerationsofMiao,TujiaandHanpeoplelivehere,anditnowaccommodates28ethnicgroupsintotal.HuizhouAncientCity●History:2,240years●OpeningHours:08:00-17:00●TicketPrice:¥95foroneadult;¥140foroneadultandonechild;¥230fortwoadultsandonechild.HuizhouAncientCityisfamousforitsuniquearchitecturalstylesincetheolddays.TheHuizhou-stylebuildingisoneofthemostimportantarchitecturalschoolsinChina,usingbricks,wood,andstonesastherawmaterials.1.Whichofthefourtownshasthelongesthistory?A.ShangqiuAncientCity. B.AncientCityofPingyao.C.HuizhouAncientCity. D.FenghuangAncientTown.2.WhatdoAncientCityofPingyaoandFenghuangAncientTownhaveincommon?A.Variousethnicminorities. B.FreeAdmission.C.Abundantnaturalbeauty. D.Thesameopeninghours.3.HowmuchwillafamilyofacoupleandachildpayforHuizhouAncientCity?A.¥95. B.¥140. C.¥230. D.¥235.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四个古城以及它们的历史、巡游时间和门票等信息。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据ShangqiuAncientCity中的“History:4,000years(4,000年历史)”、AncientCityofPingyao中的“History:2,700years(2,700年历史)”、FenghuangAncientTown中的“History:467years(467年历史)”以及HuizhouAncientCity中的“History:2,240years(2,240年历史)”可知，对比四座古镇发觉，商丘古镇历史最为悠久，为4,000年的历史。故选A。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据AncientCityofPingyao中的“TicketPrice:Freeentry(票价：免费入场)”和FenghuangAncientTown中的“TicketPrice:Freeentry(票价：免费入场)”可知，平遥古镇和凤凰古城都是免费入城。故选B项。【3题详解】微小环节理解题。依据HuizhouAncientCity中的“TicketPrice:¥95foroneadult;¥140foroneadultandonechild;¥230fortwoadultsandonechild(票价：成人95元；成人1人、儿童1人140元；2名成人和1名儿童230元)”可知，一对夫妇，即两名成年人和一个孩子共支付230元。故选C项。BManypeopleloveonlineshopping.It’sthefastestwaytobuythelatesttrendsforfood,clothesandgames.Butalifeofconvenienceisnotpossible,however,withoutthecombinedeffortsofthecountry’smassagers.ZhangYu,adeliverymaninWuhan,isoneofthem.Forhim,workingisnotonlyameansforsurvival,butalsoachanceforhimtoserveothers.Afterservinginthearmyforafewyears,ZhangjoinedtheSFExpressTangjiadunstationinWuhanin2024.WhenZhangdistributespackages,heoftencarefullyrecordsthedailyhabitsoftherecipients.Forexample,heknowswhichclientshavebabiesandneedalongerafternoonrest,thehouseholdswithonlyseniors,andthetimethattheofficeworkersareavailable.Heconsidersallofthesefactorswhenarrangingfordeliveries.ButwhathasputZhangintothespotlightishisheroicacts,whichledtohimwinningtheChinaYouthMayFourthMedalin2024.InDecember2024,Zhangencounteredafireinaresidentialbuildingwhileonhiswaytocollectsomedeliveries.Aftersqueezingintothecrowd,Zhangfoundtwoadultsandacryingchildstandinghelplesslyonathird-floorbalcony,waitingdesperatelyforrescue.Atthatmoment,Zhangcalledonhismilitaryexperiencetoclimbuptothesecondfloor.Fromthere,hewasabletosavethefamily,bringingeachmemberofthefamilydownonebyone.Whenonlookerscheeredforhim,hesimplyrodeoffonhismotorbikewithoutanyword.ItwasonlyafterthevideoofhisgooddeedwentviralonDouyinthatpeopleknewitwasZhangYu.Manypeoplehavesincecalledhimahero.Buttalkingabouttheevent,Zhangsimplysaid,“I’mnotahero.Ijustdidwhatakindmanwoulddo.”4.WhatisspecialaboutZhangYuasadeliveryman?A.Hedeliverspackagesveryquickly.B.Hedeliversonlytocertainhouseholds.C.Heavoidsdeliveringduringworkinghours.D.Hepaysattentiontohisclients’dailyhabits.5.WhatledtoZhangYuwinningtheChinaYouthMayFourthMedalin2024?A.Hisbravedeed. B.Hisefficientdelivery.C.Hiswonderfulmemory. D.Hisstrongdetermination.6.HowdidZhangYurescuethefamilytrappedinthefire?A.Bycallingthefirerescueservice.B.Byaskingotherpeopleforhelp.C.Bydrawingonhismilitaryexperience.D.Byofferingthemtoolstoescape.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepersonalityofZhangYu?A.Fearlessandconsiderate. B.Ambitiousandhumorous.C.Modestandoutgoing. D.Tolerantandreliable.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲解并描述的是快递员张裕习惯登记客户的习惯，乐于助人，在火灾中奋不顾身救人的故事，弘扬了正能量。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“WhenZhangdistributespackages,heoftencarefullyrecordsthedailyhabitsoftherecipients.(当张裕送包袱时，他常常细致记录收件人的日常习惯。)”可知，在送包袱时，他习惯性地记录收件人的日常习惯，由此可知，他的特别之处是关注客户的日常习惯。故选D项。【5题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“ButwhathasputZhangintothespotlightishisheroicacts,whichledtohimwinningtheChinaYouthMayFourthMedalin2024.(但真正让张裕成为公众关注焦点的是他的英雄行为，这让他在2024年获得了中国青年五四奖章。)”并结合下文中他在火灾中救出一家人的事迹可知，是他的英雄事迹让他赢得了2024年的中国青年五四奖章。故选A项。【6题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Atthatmoment,Zhangcalledonhismilitaryexperiencetoclimbuptothesecondfloor.Fromthere,hewasabletosavethefamily,bringingeachmemberofthefamilydownonebyone.(就在那一刻，张裕凭借自己的部队阅历爬上了二楼。从那里，他能够挽救这个家庭，把每个家庭成员一个接一个救了下来。)”可知，张裕见到火灾发生，在当时马上凭借着自己在部队的阅历爬上二楼救出这一家人，由此可知，是他的部队阅历让他救出被困的一家人。故选C项。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Forexample,heknowswhichclientshavebabiesandneedalongerafternoonrest,thehouseholdswithonlyseniors,andthetimethattheofficeworkersareavailable.Heconsidersallofthesefactorswhenarrangingfordeliveries.(例如，他知道哪些客户有孩子，须要更长的下午休息时间，哪些家庭只有老人，以及办公室工作人员有空的时间。在支配送货时，他会考虑全部这些因素。)”可知，张裕依据自己记录的信息了解很多客户日常，在支配送货时考虑这些相关的因素，说明他很疼惜周到，依据第三段中的“Atthatmoment,Zhangcalledonhismilitaryexperiencetoclimbuptothesecondfloor.Fromthere,hewasabletosavethefamily,bringingeachmemberofthefamilydownonebyone.(就在那一刻，张裕凭借自己的部队阅历爬上了二楼。从那里，他能够挽救这个家庭，把每个家庭成员一个接一个救了下来。)”可知，在发觉居民楼发生火灾时，他凭借自己在部队的阅历，爬上二楼并救下被困的一家人，由此可知，他特别的无畏，综上信息可知，张裕是一个疼惜周到又无畏的人。故选A项。CTherehavebeenassumptionsaboutpossibledetrimentallong-termconsequencesofschoolclosuresonyoungchildrenandadolescents,butnowanewstudypublishedinthejournalScientificReportsprovidesconvincingevidencethatthementalhealthofschoolchildrenwasdamagedbyschoolclosuresduringthepandemic.Thestudysurveyed907adolescentsandtheirparentsinGermanybetweenMayandJuneof2024.Depressionandpsychosomaticsymptomswereevaluated,inadditiontootheraspectsofmentalhealth.TelephonecallvolumetoGermanyouthcrisishelplineswasalsoanalyzed.Bothsetsofdatafoundhigherdepressionandpsychosomaticsymptoms,particularlyamongboys,youngerchildren,andadolescents,especiallythoselivinginhomeswithlimitedspace.Theresearchsuggeststhatincreasedpressureonfamiliesforcedtoadapttonewwork,school,andfamilylifesituationsduringthepandemicschoolclosurespromotedtheincreaseinmentalhealthproblemsinschoolchildren.Notallchildrensufferedtheeffectsequally.Youngchildrensufferedthemostfromthepressurecausedbyschoolclosures.Boyscopedmuchworsewithschoolclosuresthangirls.Theeffectswerestrongestinschool-agedchildrenlivinginhomesthathadlimitedlivingspace.Thatfactorsupportstheconclusionthatfamilylivingstressespromotedthedeclineinmentalhealth.Disruptingdailyroutineandsocialinteractionsdodamagetothementalhealthofschoolchildren,theresearchersconclude.Giventheobviousimportanceofwholesomedailyroutineinfamilylifeandthevalueofhealthysocialinteractionsinnurturingthewell-beingofchildren,itisnotsurprisingthatkids’mentalhealthsufferedwhentheirschoolswereclosedforlongperiodsandtheirfamilylifewasgreatlychanged.COVID-19isnotthefirst,norwillitbethelastseriousinfectiousdiseasesweepingtheglobe.Thesenewfindingswillbevaluableindecidinghowbesttomanagesuchoutbreaksinthefuture.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inparagraph1mean?A.Harmful. B.Improper. C.Beneficial. D.Desirable.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Bymakingtelephonecalls.B.Byconsultingaformerstudy.C.Byanalyzingdifferentgroupsofdata.D.Byexaminingteenagers’physicalactivities.10.Whohassufferedmostfromschoolclosures?A.Boyswithseverementalproblems.B.Kidsengaginginmanysocialinteractions.C.Teenagerswithdisturbeddailyroutines.D.Adolescentslackingadequatelivingspace.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.COVID-19SchoolClosuresHarmedChildren’sWell-beingB.COVID-19RemainsAMajorThreatToSchool-agedChildrenC.MentalHealthProblemsGreatlyIncreasedAfterThePandemicD.TheClosureofSchoolsHasAffectedSchoolChildren’sPerformance【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最新一项探讨结果：新冠疫情期间学校的关闭损害了青少年的心理健康。【8题详解】词句揣测题。依据第一段后半句“butnowanewstudypublishedinthejournalScientificReportsprovidesconvincingevidencethatthementalhealthofschoolchildrenwasdamagedbyschoolclosuresduringthepandemic.(但现在发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项新探讨供应了令人信服的证据，表明大流行病期间学校关闭损害了学龄儿童的心理健康)”可知，探讨发觉，学校关闭对青少年的心理健康是有害的，而该单词所在的句子是揣测学校长期关闭对青少年心里健康可能是如何的，由此可知，该单词的意思应当是“有害的”，与harmful同义。故选A项。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Depressionandpsychosomaticsymptomswereevaluated,inadditiontootheraspectsofmentalhealth.TelephonecallvolumetoGermanyouthcrisishelplineswasalsoanalyzed.(除了男性心理健康的其他方面外，还对抑郁症和心身症状进行了评估。对德国青年危机求助热线的电话数量也进行了分析)”可知，该探讨对抑郁症和心身症状进行了评估，也对德国青少年求助热线的数量进行了分析，由此可知，该探讨通过分析两方面的数据得出了后面的结论。故选C项。【10题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Theeffectswerestrongestinschool-agedchildrenlivinginhomesthathadlimitedlivingspace.(这种影响在生活在空间有限家庭中的学龄儿童中最为严峻)”可知，生活空间有限的家庭中，这种影响最严峻，由此可知，家里没有足够生活空间的孩子最简洁受到学校关闭的影响。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据首段中的“nowanewstudypublishedinthejournalScientificReportsprovidesconvincingevidencethatthementalhealthofschoolchildrenwasdamagedbyschoolclosuresduringthepandemic.(现在，发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项新探讨供应了令人信服的证据，表明大流行病期间学校关闭损害了学龄儿童的心理健康)”并结合下文中介绍的探讨方法、探讨发觉、最受影响的群体以及受影响的缘由可知，本文围绕新冠疫情期间学校的关闭损害了青少年的心理健康这一探讨结果绽开，所以“新冠疫情期间学校停课损害了青少年的健康”与本文的内容一样，且概括了文章的主题。故选A项。DTheYurokpeoplehavelivedalongtheKlamathRiver,whichflowsfromtheCascadesinOregonsouthwestthroughNorthernCalifornia,forthousandsofyears,protectingtheregionandriverfromwhichthey—andothers—drawsustenance(生计).Butasdevelopmentandpollutioncontinuetoreducethenumberoffishintheriverandthequantityandqualityofitswaters,theYurokTribeislegalizing(合法化)thetribe’slongstandingcarebygrantingtheRightsofPersonhoodtotheKlamath,thefirstriverinNorthAmericatohavesuchrightsdeclared.TheYurokTribalCouncil’sMay2024resolutionmeanstheriverhasthesamelegalrightsasahumanundertriballaw.Thisorderallowspeopletobringlawcasesonbehalfoftheriverwhenitsrightsareviolated.Accordingtotheresolution,thetribe’sintentionistoprovidealegalbasisforsafeguardingtheriveranditsecosystem,especiallyinthefaceofwaterdiversion,industrialpollution,andclimatechangeimpacts,amongotherthreats.Inatestimony(证词)deliveredtotheU.S.HouseofRepresentativesinOctober2024,YurokTribeViceChairmanFrankieMyerssaidthislegalframeworkcouldcreateapathtowardamorethoughtfulviewoftherightsofnatureinothercommunitiesandcourts,andthatanymoneyawardedbytheYurokcourtswillfundcleanupandrestorationprojectstoremedythelitigatedharms.TheYurokTribe’sresolutiondrawslessonsfromtheUnitedNationsDeclarationontheRightsofIndigenousPeoples,andechoestheeffortsofotherIndigenoustribes,includingtheWhiteEarthBandofOjibwe,whichadoptedtheRightsofwildrice,inDecember2024.“ThisisaveryimportantstepforwardintheRightsofNaturemovement,”MariMargil,AssociateDirectoroftheCommunityEnvironmentalLegalDefenseFundcommented.12.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeYurokpeople?A.Aconqueror. B.Aguardian. C.Agovernor. D.Aconsumer.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theprocessoflegalization. B.ThetraditionofYuroktribe.C.Thereasonbehindthelegalization. D.TheimportanceoftheKlamathRiver.14.Whatdoesthelawaimtodo?A.Winanawardincleanupprojects.B.Protectthepersonhoodoftheriver.C.Fightagainstglobalwaterpollution.D.Improvethegovernmentlegalsystem.15.WhatcanwelearnfromYurokTribeaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C.Pastexperienceisaguideforthefuture.D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了始终生活在克拉马斯河沿岸的尤洛克人为了疼惜他们赖以生存的地区和河流，为该河流通过法案，使其与人类享有同等的法律权利。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“TheYurokpeoplehavelivedalongtheKlamathRiver,whichflowsfromtheCascadesinOregonsouthwestthroughNorthernCalifornia,forthousandsofyears,protectingtheregionandriverfromwhichthey—andothers—drawsustenance(生计).(几千年来，尤洛克人始终生活在克拉马斯河沿岸，这条河从俄勒冈州西南部的喀斯喀特山脉流过北加州，疼惜着他们和其他人赖以生存的地区和河流)”可知，几千年来，尤洛克人始终生活在克拉马斯河沿岸，疼惜着他们和其他人赖以生存的地区和河流，由此可知，他们扮演着“守护者”的角色。故选B项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。依据其次段“Butasdevelopmentandpollutioncontinuetoreducethenumberoffishintheriverandthequantityandqualityofitswaters,theYurokTribeislegalizing(合法化)thetribe’slongstandingcarebygrantingtheRightsofPersonhoodtotheKlamath,thefirstriverinNorthAmericatohavesuchrightsdeclared.(但是，随着开发和污染不断削减河中鱼类的数量，以及河水的数量和质量，尤洛克部落通过授予克拉马斯河人格权利，将部落长期以来的照看合法化，这是北美第一条宣布拥有这种权利的河流)”可知，随着开发和污染的持续，尤洛克部落将部落长期以来的照看合法化，由此可知，本段主要讲解并描述了这一举措的背景。故选C项。【14题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“TheYurokTribalCouncil’sMay2024resolutionmeanstheriverhasthesamelegalrightsasahumanundertriballaw.Thisorderallowspeopletobringlawcasesonbehalfoftheriverwhenitsrightsareviolated.(尤洛克部落理事会2024年5月的决议意味着，依据部落法，这条河与人类拥有同样的法律权利。该嘱咐允许人们在河流权利受到侵扰时代表河流提起法律诉讼)”可知，颁布法律的目的是使这条河与人类拥有同样的法律权利，这样河流的特性才能得以疼惜。故选B项。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“TheYurokTribe’sresolutiondrawslessonsfromtheUnitedNationsDeclarationontheRightsofIndigenousPeoples,andechoestheeffortsofotherIndigenoustribes,includingtheWhiteEarthBandofOjibwe,whichadoptedtheRightsofwildrice,inDecember2024.(尤洛克部落的决议吸取了《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的教训，并呼应了其他土著部落的努力，包括于2024年12月通过野生水稻权利的奥吉布韦白色地球带)”可知，尤洛克部落的决议吸取了《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的教训，并呼应了其他土著部落的努力，由此可推知，过去的阅历是将来的指南。故选C项。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Artificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenincreasinglygoodatfoolingpeople.AseriesofphotosshowingformerUSpresidentDonaldTrumpbeingaggressivelyarrestedbypolicehavecaughtpeople’sattention.___16___CreatedbytheAIprogramMid-journey,thephotoswerehighlyrealistic,fromthecharacters’movementstothesurroundings.___17___TheWashingtonPost’stechnologywriterShiraOvidesharedhertips.Themainideaistospottheglitches—anythingthatwouldlookstrangeinaphoto.___18___Itsometimescancreatehandswithmorethanfivefingers.ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata“hand”exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.ThedataAIusestolearnoftenshowhandsandfingersinvariousgestures,whichcanbeveryconfusingforAI.AI-generatedimagesalsousuallycontaindetailsthatdisobeyreality.Tospotthis,focusonitemslikeaccessories.___19___Ifthere’stextinanimage,suchasanewspaperorposter,it’susuallygarbled(篡改),eventhoughthetextmaylookrealisticfromadistance.ThedevelopmentofAI-generatedartalsoraisesalarmbellsabouthowthesefakeimagescouldbeusedtospreadmisinformation.“Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,”JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.GeneratinganAIartworkisto“createreality”,Cohenargued,addingthatbeingabletotellwhethertheworkisrealornotrequireshighmedialiteracyskills.___20___A.Theywerefakebutveryconvincing.B.OnethingAIisterribleathandlingisthebackground.C.AIsoftwarehasahistoryofgeneratinghumanhandsincorrectly.D.Theworldmaynotbereadyforhowrealistictheimageshavebecome.E.However,manydetailscangiveawaythefactthattheyaremadebyAI.F.Ifthere’sacrowdintheimage,people'sfacesinthebackgroundareusuallyvague.G.Forexample,peopleinanimagemaybemissingearringsoronepartoftheirsunglasses.【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何一眼识破人工智能画作的“马脚”的技巧。【16题详解】依据空前的“AseriesofphotosshowingformerUSpresidentDonaldTrumpbeingaggressivelyarrestedbypolicehavecaughtpeople’sattention.(近日,美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普被警方强行逮捕的一系列照片引起了人们的关注。)”可知，上文提到了“一系列照片”的话题，可推想本句会接着围绕这一话题绽开，A选项“Theywerefakebutveryconvincing.(他们虽然是假的，但却很逼真。)”中的they指代的为空前的“Aseriesofphotos”，讲解并描述的是这些照片虽是假的，但是很逼真，符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】依据空前的“CreatedbytheAIprogramMid-journey,thephotoswerehighlyrealistic,fromthecharacters’movementstothesurroundings.(这些照片由人工智能程序Mid-journey制作，从人物的动作到四周环境，都特别逼真。)”可知，这些照片都特别逼真，结合空后的“TheWashingtonPost’stechnologywriterShiraOvidesharedhertips.(《华盛顿邮报》科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德共享了她的建议。)”可知，科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德共享了她的建议，由此可推断，此空处应起到承上启下的作用，E选项“However,manydetailscangiveawaythefactthattheyaremadebyAI.(然而，很多微小环节可以泄露它们是由人工智能制作的事实。)”讲解并描述的是有很多微小环节透露了它是由人工制作的，其中的however为关键信息，过渡到空后科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德共享识破人工智能画作马脚的详细方法。故选E项。【18题详解】分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构。所以此处应为本段的主题句，依据空后的“Itsometimescancreatehandswithmorethanfivefingers.ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata“hand”exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.ThedataAIusestolearnoftenshowhandsandfingersinvariousgestures,whichcanbeveryconfusingforAI.(它有时可以创建出超过五个手指的手。据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定“手”原委是什么。人工智能用来学习的数据常常会以各种手势显示手和手指，这可能会让人工智能感到特别困惑。)”可知,所举例子都围绕hand这个中心词绽开，C选项“AIsoftwarehasahistoryofgeneratinghumanhandsincorrectly.(人工智能软件有错误生成人手的历史。)”讲解并描述的内容与本段讲解并描述的内容吻合，且与hand这一主题词一样。故选C项。【19题详解】分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，依据主题句“AI-generatedimagesalsousuallycontaindetailsthatdisobeyreality.(人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实不符的微小环节。)”可知，后文所举例子须要与“违反客观现实”这一点相对应，G选项“Forexample,peopleinanimagemaybemissingearringsoronepartoftheirsunglasses.(例如，照片中的人可能会丢失耳环或太阳镜的一部分。)”中列举的事例违反了客观现实，与本段的主题一样。故选G项。【20题详解】依据本段主题句“ThedevelopmentofAI-generatedartalsoraisesalarmbellsabouthowthesefakeimagescouldbeusedtospreadmisinformation.(人工智能生成艺术的发展也为这些虚假图像如何被用来传播错误信息敲响了警钟。)”可知，AI画作可能会被用来传播虚假信息，这给人类敲响了警钟，应当引起人们的重视，结合空前的“GeneratinganAIartworkisto“createreality”,Cohenargued,addingthatbeingabletotellwhethertheworkisrealornotrequireshighmedialiteracyskills.(科恩认为，制作一件人工智能艺术作品就是“创建现实”，并补充说，能够推断作品是否真实须要很高的媒体素养。)”可知，要想推断作品是否真实须要很高的媒体素养，D选项“Theworldmaynotbereadyforhowrealistictheimageshavebecome.(世界可能还没有打算好接受这些图像变得如此逼真。)”讲解并描述的内容与本段的主题吻合，且与空前内容一样。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EarlyonthemorningofOctober13,LaPierrewasheadingtotheChicagoMarathononthecity’sBlueLineL.The___21___wasfullofenergizedmarathoners.Beforelong,LaPierrenoticedamanmovingfrompassengertopassenger,askingforspare___22___.HisbehaviorstruckLaPierreas“reallyweird,”especiallythewayhestareddownanyonehefelthadn’t___23___himenough.AttheCumberlandstation,mostofthepassengerssuddenly___24___thecar.LaPierrerushedouttoseewhatwasgoingon,onlytohear___25___peopleshoutingthatthemanaskingformoneywas,infact,armedand___26___people.Asthearmedmanhoppedontothenexttraincar,LaPierrefollowedhim.“Icouldnot___27___knowingtherewere___28___childrenandpeoplejusttryingtogettoarace,”hesays.ThemanturnedandsawLaPierre,hisheaddown,bull-rushinghim.Althoughthemanwasfar___29___andyounger,LaPierrecrashedintohimandmanagedtopinhim____30____thecloseddoor.“OnceIgotafewfeetfromhim,Iknewhewouldn’tbeabletoreactfastenoughto____31____me,”hetoldtheChicagoSun-Times.Thetwomenfoughtforthegun—andtheir____32____.Themantriedpushingpasthim,but____33____,LaPierregrabbedthegunandhandedittoapassenger.Thenthepolicepouredintothetrain,andLaPierreletthem____34____.Hehadamarathontorun.ThiswasnotthefirsttimeLaPierrehadjumpedintoa(n)____35____.Afewyearsback,hehelpedpreventadrugstorerobbery.“Ijusthappentobeattherightplaceattherightmoment,”hesays.21.A.coach B.plane C.train D.ship22.A.seat B.change C.food D.time23.A.thanked B.paid C.known D.given24.A.pulled B.fled C.boarded D.started25.A.encouraged B.disappointed C.panicked D.confused26.A.begging B.entertaining C.robbing D.dismissing27.A.walkaway B.breakin C.stepforward D.comealong28.A.careful B.brave C.innocent D.needy29.A.larger B.thinner C.wiser D.quieter30.A.off B.against C.beyond D.under31A.shoot B.chase C.spot D.miss32.A.prizes B.funds C.lives D.rights33.A.naturally B.thankfully C.generally D.unfortunately34.A.standby B.backoff C.playalong D.takeover35.A.race B.fight C.argument D.situation【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.C26.C27.A28.C29.A30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲解并描述的是拉皮埃尔（LaPierre）在火车上见义勇为的故事。【21题详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车上挤满了精力足够的马拉松运动员。A.coach长途汽车；B.plane飞机；C.train火车；D.ship轮船。依据下文中的“Asthearmedmanhoppedontothenexttraincar,LaPierrefollowedhim.”可知，故事发生在一列挤满了要参与马拉松竞赛运动员的“火车”上。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，拉皮埃尔留意到一个男人从一个乘客走到另一个乘客，要零钱。A.seat座位；B.change零钱；C.food食物；D.time时间。依据下文中的“onlytohear___5___peopleshoutingthatthemanaskingformoney”可知，这个人向乘客们要“零钱”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他行为让拉皮埃尔感到“特别惊异”，尤其是他盯着那些他觉得给他几个钱的人的方式。A.thanked感谢；B.paid支付；C.known知道；D.given赐予。依据上文中的“LaPierrenoticedamanmovingfrompassengertopassenger,askingforspare___2___.”可知，这个人逐个乘客要钱，有的乘客可能没有给他，所以这人就盯着没有“给”他钱的人。故选D项。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在坎伯兰车站，大多数乘客突然逃离车厢。A.pulled拉；B.fled逃跑；C.boarded登机；D.started起先。依据下文中的“onlytohear___5___peopleshoutingthatthemanaskingformoneywas,infact,armedand___6___people.”可知，车厢的人们看到有人抢劫，所以人们“逃离”这节车厢。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊惶失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人事实上是武装的，正在抢劫。A.encouraged受鼓舞的；B.disappointed悲观的；C.panicked惊惶失措的；D.confused迷惑的。依据语境和下文中的“thatthemanaskingformoneywas,infact,armedand___6___people.”可知，有人抢劫的时候