德国公共交通行业市场前景及投资研究报告-培训课件外文版2024.5

INDUSTRIES

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MARKETSPublictransportationinGermanyCHAPTER

01OverviewNumberofpassengerjourneysperpersonperdayinGermanyfrom2011to2021,bymodeoftransportModalsplitofpassengertransportinGermany2011-2021Byprivatetransport(carandmotorcycleasdriverandpassenger)ByfootBybicycleBypublictransport(bus,subway,tram,commuter,andlong-distancetrain)Others(byship,plane,taxi,etc.)4.03.53.02.52.01.51.00.50.0201120122013201420152016201720182019202020214Description:In2021,Germany'saveragenumberofdailypassengertripspercapitaamountedtoapproximately2.95journeys,anincreaseofaround14percent,followingdecreasedmobilitypatternsduringthefirstyearoftheCOVID-19pandemic.Duringthesameyear,themostcommonmodeoftransportwasprivatevehicles,withabout52percentofthetotalpassengertripsperpersonperday.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2011to2021Source(s):KarlsruherInstitutfürTechnologieNumberofpassengerstransportedinpublictransportinGermanyin2021and2022,bymodeoftransport(inmillions)TransportedpassengersinpublictransportinGermany2022,bymodeNumberofpassengersinmillions2022*4,000202102,0006,0008,0007,8847,79610,00010,149.612,000BusesandtrainstotalLocalpublictransporttotal10,003.634,764.9LocalpublictransportwithbusesLocalpublictransportwithtramsLocalpublictransportwithrail3,9763,390.152,6112,396.741,671145.9787.9138.4585.17.522.8Regularlong-distancetransporttotalLong-distancetransportwithrailRegularlong-distancetransportwithbuses5Description:InGermany,themostpassengersusedbusesandtrainstogettotheirdestinations,aswellasgettingonlocalpublictransport.Around10.1billionpassengersusedtheformerin2022.Avarietyofpublictransporttypesareavailable.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2021and2022;*Preliminaryresults.Companieswithlocalregulartransportwhichtransportedatleast250,000passengersthatyear,aswellasallcompanieswithlong-distancetransportschedules.>br>Tramsofconventional[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):StatistischesBundesamtNumberofpassengersthattraveledonregularshort-distancepublictransportinGermanyfrom2008to2022(inbillions)NumberoflocalpublictransitpassengersinGermany2008-2022141210811.411.4611.3411.2210.9810.9910.8110.8510.9210.5610.5710.43107.937.864202008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120226Description:In2022,thenumberofpassengersthattraveledonlocalpublictransportservicesinGermanyamountedto10billion.Afteryearsofconstantgrowth,theGermanpublictransitpassengertrafficexperiencedasharpdropofaround30percentin2020causedbytheCOVID-19pandemic,butbegantorecoverin2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2008to2022Source(s):StatistischesBundesamtPerformanceinregularshort-distancepublictransportationinGermanyfrom2008to2022,bymode(inbillionpassengerkilometers)PassengerkilometersonurbanpublictransitbymodeinGermany2008-2022Railways(U-andS-Bahn)BusesTrams1201008060402002008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120227Description:In2022,thetransportperformanceoftheurbantransitinGermanyamountedto99.7billionpassenger-kilometers,aconsiderableincreaseofaround41percent.GermanurbantransportperformancedroppeddramaticallyduringtheCOVID-19pandemic,fallingto70.6billionpassenger-kilometersin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2008to2022Source(s):StatistischesBundesamtNumberofpassengersonregularshort-distancepublictransportationinGermanyin2022,byfederalstate(inmillions)NumberofpassengersonurbanpublictransitinGermanybystate2022Passengerstransportedinmillions02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,6001,8002,0002,200NorthRhine-WestphaliaHesse1,938.81,749.4Berlin1,378.2Bavaria1,144.6Baden-WuerttembergHamburg1,011.8685.3LowerSaxonySaxony538.9430.7Rhineland-PalatinateSaxony-AnhaltThuringia252.8177.1157.3129.9129.3BrandenburgMecklenburg-Pomerania8Description:In202,thenumberofpassengerstransportedonurbantransitinGermanyamountedtoapproximately10billion.Inthatyear,theGermanfederalstatethatmovedthemostpassengersvialocalpublictransportwasNorthRhine-Westphaliawithalmost1.9billion,followedbyHessewith1.7billion.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2022Source(s):StatistischesBundesamtPassengerrevenueoftheshort-distancepublictransportservicesinGermanyfrom2017to2022withaforecastthrough2027(inbillioneuros)Forecast:Germanurbantransit'spassengerrevenue2017-202714.514.013.513.012.512.011.511.010.510.014.2814.2214.1514.081413.8613.8113.7513.3310.86202010.6320212017201820192022202320242025202620279Description:In2022,thepassengerrevenueofurbantransitservicesinGermanyamountedto13.3billioneuros,ayear-on-yearincreaseofaround25percentfollowingtwoyearsofdecreasedpassengerincomeduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2017to2027Source(s):MobilityMarketInsightsCitiesinGermanywiththehighestmonthlysavingsonsubscriptionpublictransportticketsaftertheintroductionoftheDeutschlandticketcomparedto2022prices(ineuros)Germany:WherecanpublictransportuserssavethemostwiththeDeutschlandticket?Monthlyticketpricesavings(inEUR)05101520253035404550HamburgCologne44.740.440.4BonnFrankfurtamMainWiesbadenMainz29.7523.7523.75DüsseldorfWuppertalEssenDortmundBochum22.1322.1322.1322.1322.13Kassel20.58Lübeck18.9210Description:TheintroductionoftheDeutschlandticketinGermanyinMay2023makesanewticketavailable.Itwillbevalidonalllocalandregionalpublictransportacrossthecountryfor49eurospermonth.Theticketischeaperthanmanyofthemonthlysubscription-basedpublictransportticketsalreadyavailableinmanyGermancities.AmongthecitieswherepublictransportuserswillbeabletosavethemostareFrankfurt,CologneandBonn.Thecitywiththelargestsavingswhencomparing[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;18October2022to7November2022Source(s):Testberichte.de;VarioussourcesShareofthepopulationwitheasy*accesstopublictransportinGermanyin2022,byfederalstateShareoftheGermanpopulationwitheasyaccesstopublictransport2022,bystateShareofthepopulation40%

50%0%10%20%30%60%70%80%90%100%110%BerlinHamburgBremen99.4%98.7%97.9%Saarland94.1%92.6%92.3%90.6%87.5%85.7%83.1%82.8%NorthRhine-WestphaliaBaden-WuerttembergHesseSaxonyNationalaverageRhineland-PalatinateSchleswig-HolsteinSaxony-AnhaltThuringia78.5%78.4%11Description:In2022,approximately85.7percentofthepopulationinGermanyhadgoodaccesstopublictransportation.BerlinwastheGermanfederalstatewiththehighestpublictransitaccess.Inthatyear,99.4percentofthepopulationinGermany'scapitalcitywaswellconnectedwithbusstopsandtrainstationsnearby.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2022;*Theplaceofresidenceneedstobemaximum600m(bus)or1,200m(train)inastraightlinefromastopwithatleast20departuresaday.

ReadmoreSource(s):AllianzproSchiene;BBSRCHAPTER

02PassengertravelbehaviorReportedfrequencyofregionaltravelbybusortraminGermanyin2022(inpercent)FrequencyoftravelbybusortraminGermany202240%35%30%25%20%15%37.3%25.9%10.3%10%8.2%7.5%5.7%5%5%0%DailyMultipletimesper

Aboutonceperweek

Multipletimesperweek

monthAboutoncepermonthMoreseldomlyNever13Description:NearlytwothirdsofGermansdonotusebusesortramsforregionaltransportoronlyusethemrarely.Meanwhile,justoverafifthofthepopulationusestramsorbusesregionallyonceaweekormoreoften.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;Conductedduringthefourthquarterof2022;23,226respondents;14yearsandolder;Totalpopulationover14yearsattimeofsurvey64.395millionSource(s):forsa;GIM;Kantar;RMSReportedfrequencyofregionaltravelbysubway,suburbanorregionalrailinGermanyin2022(inpercent)Frequencyoftravelbysubway,suburbanorregionalrailinGermany202250%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%44.7%25.6%10%5%8%7.2%6.6%4.7%3.2%Daily0%Multipletimesper

Aboutonceperweek

Multipletimesperweek

monthAboutoncepermonthMoreseldomlyNever14Description:OvertwothirdsofrespondentstotheVuMATouchpoints2023surveyinGermanyindicatedthattheyusesubways,suburbanorregionalrailonlyrarelyornever.Around16percentofGermanstravelbysubway,suburbanorregionalrailbetweenonceperweekanddaily.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;Conductedduringthefourthquarterof2022;23,226respondents;14yearsandolder;Totalpopulationover14yearsattimeofsurvey64.395millionSource(s):forsa;GIM;Kantar;RMSReportedfrequencyoftravelbylong-distancebusinGermanyin2022(inpercent)Frequencyoftravelbylong-distancebusinGermany202270%60%50%40%30%20%10%64.2%27.3%2.4%1.9%2%1.5%0.8%Daily0%Multipletimesper

Aboutonceperweek

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monthAboutoncepermonthMoreseldomlyNever15Description:NearlytwothirdsofGermansrespondingtotheVuMATouchpoints2023surveyrespondedthattheynevertravelbylong-distancebusandslightlyoveraquarteruselong-distancebuseslesthanonceamonth.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;Conductedduringthefourthquarterof2022;23,226respondents;14yearsandolder;Totalpopulationover14yearsattimeofsurvey64.395millionSource(s):forsa;GIM;Kantar;RMSReportedfrequencyoftravelbylong-distancetraininGermanyin2022(inpercent)Frequencyoftravelbylong-distancerailinGermany202250%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%44%40.1%6.9%4.1%2.2%1.8%0.8%Daily0%Multipletimesper

Aboutonceperweek

Multipletimesperweek

monthAboutoncepermonthMoreseldomlyNever16/statistics/1367228/frequency-travel-by-long-distance-train-germanyAround40percentofGermansnevertravelbylong-distancetrain,while40percentofthepopulationdotravelbylong-distancetrainbutlessthanoncepermonth.Asmallproportionofthepopulationof0.8percentuselong-distancetrainsdaily.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;Conductedduringthefourthquarterof2022;23,226respondents;14yearsandolder;Totalpopulationover14yearsattimeofsurvey64.395millionSource(s):forsa;GIM;Kantar;RMSCHAPTER

03InfrastructureTotallengthoftherailwaylinesinuseinGermanyfrom1990to2020(inkilometers)LengthofrailwaylinesinuseinGermany1990-202045,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,000019901995200020052010201120122013201420152016201720182019202018Description:From1990to1995,theGermanrailwaynetworkinuserosetoitspeak,withatotallengthof41,700kilometersin1995.Inthefollowingyears,thisvaluedeclined,reachingthelowestof33,500kilometersasof2012.From2013onwards,therailwaynetworklengthfluctuated.By2020,usablerailnetworkinGermanyrosetoroughly39,400kilometers.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;1990to2020Source(s):EuropeanCommissionTotallengthofthehigh-speedrailwaylinesinuseinselectedEuropeancountriesin2021(inkilometers)Lengthofhigh-speedrailwaylinesinuseinEuropein2021,bycountry202020214,0003,6273,4873,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005002,7342,7351,5711,5171,1201,120Finland921

921Italy860

860Sweden254

254Austria224

224Poland209

209Belgium113

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Denmark56

560SpainFranceGermanyUnitedKingdom19Description:High-speedrailwaylinesarelinesorsectionsoflinesonwhichtrainscangofasterthan200kilometersperhouronupgradedlinesor250km/hondedicatedlines.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe,EU;2023Source(s):EuropeanCommissionGrossinvestmentontransportinfrastructureinGermanyin2021,bytransportmode(inmillioneuros)GrossinvestmentinGermany'stransportinfrastructurebymode2021Investmentinmillioneuros5,000

10,000015,00020,00025,00025,41830,000TrafficroutesRoadsandbridges16,450Railroads(forlongdistance,regionalandS-Bahntrains)6,859Waterways1,090780239Railroads(forlightandheavyurbantrains,e.g.tramsandU-Bahn)PipelinesTransshipmentpointsAirports3,2681,3751,303TrainstationsSeaports420Inlandports

17020Description:In2021,thetotalgrossinvestmentintransportinfrastructureinGermanyamountedtoalmost28.7billioneuros,fromwhich88.6percentwenttowardstheconstructionandmaintenanceofthetrafficroutes.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2021;incurrentprices;preliminaryvalues;onlyinvestmentsonfixedassets.Source(s):BMDV;KBAPercapitainvestmentinrailinfrastructureinEuropein2022,byselectedcountries(ineuros)PercapitainvestmentinrailinfrastructureinEurope20227005756005004003002001000450346319245187171143135126115114674621Description:In2022,LuxembourgspentthemostonitsrailinfrastructurepercapitaamongEuropeancountries,followedbySwitzerland.Thetwocountriesrespectivelyspent575and450eurosperinhabitantontheirrailnetworkthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;2022Source(s):AllianzproSchiene;BMF;BMK(Österreich);EidgenössischeFinanzverwaltung;MinistryofMobilityandPublicWorks;SCIVerkehrCHAPTER

04RevenueofthemaincompaniesRevenueoftheDeutscheBahnAGin2017to2022,bybusinessfield(inbillioneuros)DeutscheBahnAGrevenuebybusinessfieldGermany2017-2022Revenueinbillioneuros2021

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2019202220182017051015202530DBSchenker(logisticsandsupplychainmanagement)DBBahnRegio(regionaltransport)DBNetzeFahrweg(partofDBNetworks)DBCargo(cargotransport)DBBahnFernverkehr(long-distance)DBArrivay(publictransport)DBNetzeEnergie(energy)DBNetzePersonenbahnhöfe(trainstations)23Description:ThisstatisticshowstherevenueoftheDeutscheBahnAGin2017to2022,bybusinessfield.In2022,DBSchenkergeneratedroughly27.5billioneurosinrevenue.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2017to2022Source(s):DeutscheBahnAnnualoperatingrevenueofthepublictransportationoperatorofBerlin,Germany(BVG)from2014to2022(inmillioneuros)AnnualrevenueoftheurbantransportcompanyinBerlin,Germany2014-20221,4001,330.31,287.471,292.341,229.141,206.611,192.921,177.251,2001,0008006004002000812.17792.09201420152016201720182019*20202021202224Description:TheannualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyBVG(BerlinerVerkehrsbetriebe)inBerlin,Germany,amountedtoover1.3billioneurosin2022,anincreaseofaroundthreepercentcomparedtothepreviousyear.In2019,thenumberofpassengersusingpublictransportationinGermany`scapitalcitysurpassed1.6billion.However,ridershipfiguresfelldrasticallyin2020and2021duetotravelrestrictionsamidtheCOVID-19pandemic.By2022,ridershiphadrecoveredtoaround[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Berlin);2014to2022Source(s):BerlinerVerkehrsbetriebeAnnualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyHamburgerHochbahnAGinHamburg,Germanyfrom2016to2022(inmillioneuros)AnnualrevenueofthepublictransportationoperatorinHamburg,Germany2016-2022600537.4534.3525.1508.6492.85004003002001000458.2438.9201620172018201920202021202225Description:TheannualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyinHamburg,Germany(HamburgerHochbahnAG)remainedalmoststablefrom2016to2019.AmidtheCOVID-19pandemic,therevenuedroppedby14percent,reaching458.2millioneurosin2020.Revenuegrewtocloseto492millioneurosin2022.TheHamburgerHochbahn(HHA)operatestheundergroundsystemandlargepartsoftheurbanbusnetworkinHamburg.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Hamburg);2016to2022Source(s):HamburgerHochbahnAGAnnualtransportrevenueofthepublictransportationoperatorMünchnerVerkehrsgesellschaftmbH(MVG)inMunich,Germanyfrom2017to2022(inmillioneuros)AnnualtransportrevenueofStadtwerkeMünchen(MVG)Germany2017-2022600563.2547.2530.15004003002001000438.8429.9381.120172018201920202021202226Description:TheannualrevenueofthepublictransportationoperatorinMunich,Germany(MünchnerVerkehrsgesellschaftmbH)amountedto430millioneurosin2022,ayear-on-yearincreaseofaround13percentfollowingtwoyearsoffallingrevenues,duetotheCOVID-19pandemic.TheMünchnerVerkehrsgesellschaft(MVG)operatesthesubwaynetwork,thetramlines,andmostoftheurbanbusservicesinMunich.ItisasubsidiaryofthecommunalcompanyStadtwerkeMünchenGmbH(SWM).ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Bavaria);2017to2022Source(s):StadtwerkeMünchenAnnualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyKölnerVerkehrs-BetriebeAG(KVB)inCologne,Germanyfrom2011to2022(inmillioneuros)AnnualrevenueofCologne'spublictransportationoperator(KVB),Germany2011-2022350299.430025020015010050284.9286.9288256.3251.2250.8251240.1225.7225.6226.9020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202227Description:TheannualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyinCologne,Germany(KölnerVerkehrs-BetriebeAG)amountedto226.9millioneurosin2022,ayear-on-yeardecreaseofaround9.6percent.TheKölnerVerkehrs-Betriebe(KVB)operatesalightrailsystem(StadtbahnKöln),togetherwiththecitybuslinesandtheKölnerSeilbahn(agondolaliftthatrunsacrosstheriverRhine).ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(NorthRhine-Westphalia);2011to2022Source(s):StadtwerkeKölnAnnualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyVerkehrsgesellschaftFrankfurtamMainmbH(VGF)inFrankfurt,Germanyfrom2016to2022(inmillioneuros)AnnualrevenueofFrankfurt'spublictransportationoperator(VGF),Germany2016-2022250216.6207.52199.64193.4220015010050167.58165.78155.690201620172018201920202021202228Description:TheannualrevenueofthepublictransportationcompanyinFrankfurt,Germany(VerkehrsgesellschaftFrankfurtamMainmbH)amountedto155.69millioneurosin2022,ayear-on-yeardecreaseofaroundsixpercent.TheVerkehrsgesellschaftFrankfurt(VGF)operatesaurbanrailsystem(FrankfurtU-Bahn),andthetramwaynetwork.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Hesse);2016to2022Source(s):StadtwerkeFrankfurtCHAPTER

05RidershipinthelargestcitiesNumberofpassengersonscheduledlocalbus,tramandrailservicesinBerlininGermanyfrom2011to2022(inbillions)NumberofpassengersonscheduledpublictransportinBerlinGermany2011-20221.81.621.591.61.41.21.00.80.60.40.20.01.511.481.431.411.381.371.351.341.071.0220112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202230Description:In2022,around1.38billionpassengersusedBerlin'spublictransport.Thiswasanincreasecomparedto1.02billionin2021.Thechangeinnumberswasduetothecoronavirus(COVID-19)pandemic.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Berlin);2011to2022Source(s):StatistischesBundesamtPassengersonscheduledlocalbus,tramandrailservicesinHamburgfrom2011to2022(inmillions)PassengersonlocalpublictransportinHamburgGermany2011-2022800753.4738.5725.3711.3701.1704.9701.5685.37006005004003002001000642.3643515.7497.520112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202231Description:In2022,around685.3millionpassengersusedlocalpublictransportinHamburg,Germany.Figuresrefertoscheduledlocalbus,tramandrailservices.In2021,515.7millionpassengerswererecorded.Thesignificantdifferenceinnumbersisduetothecoronavirus(COVID-19)pandemic,whichlargelytookplacein2020and2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Hamburg);2011to2022Source(s):StatistischesBundesamtAnnualnumberofpassengerstransportedbythepublictransportcompanyinMunich,Germany(MVG)from2010to2022(inmillions)AnnualridershipofthepublictransportationoperatorinMunich,Germany2010-20227006155965855806005004003002001000566555544536522512506383364201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202232Description:TheannualnumberofpassengerstransportedbytheMunichpublictransportationcompany(MünchnerVerkehrsgesellschaft-MVG)experiencedanupwardtrendfrom2010to2019,peakingat615million.AmidtheCOVID-19pandemic,theMVG'sridershipdroppedsignificantlyfallingto383millionpassengers,ayear-on-yeardecreaseofaround37.7percent.Ridershipbeganrisingagainin2022,growingto506millionpassengers.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2010to2022Source(s):MünchnerVerkehrsgesellschaft;StatistischesAmtMünchenAnnualnumberofpassengerstransportedbythepublictransportcompanyinCologne,Germany(KVB)from2000to2022(inmillions)AnnualridershipofthepublictransportationoperatorinCologne,Germany2000-202235030025020015010050286280.6282.3276.2277.7272.4247.1236.1230.9171.7167.702000200520102015201620172018201920202021202233Description:TheannualnumberofpassengerstransportedbyCologne'spublictransportationcompany(KölnerVerkehrs-BetriebeAG-KVB)experiencedanupwardtrendfrom2000to2019,peakingat286million.AmidtheCOVID-19pandemic,theKVB'sridershipdroppedsignificantlyfallingto167.7millionpassengers,ayear-on-yeardecreaseofaround41.4percent.Ridershipbegangrowingagainin2022,reaching236.1millionpassengers.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(NorthRhine-Westphalia);2000to2022Source(s):Varioussources(KVB)AnnualnumberofpassengerstransportedbylocalpublictransportinFrankfurtamMain,Germanyfrom2010to2022(inmillions)AnnualridershipinlocalpublictransportationinFrankfurt,Germany2010-2022300251.4246.725020015010050232.8230.2224.5214.3203200.9200198.3198.2147.9139.10201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202234Description:TheannualnumberofpassengerstransportedbypublictransportationservicesinFrankfurt,Germanyexperiencedanupwardtrendfrom2012to2019,peakingat251.4million.AmidtheCOVID-19pandemic,Frankfurt'spublictransitridershipdroppedsignificantlyfallingto147.9millionpassengersin2020,ayear-on-yeardecreaseofaround41.2percent.In2022,passengernumbersbeganrisingagainandgrewto198.2million.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany(Hesse);2010to2022;includesonlysubway(U-Bahn),tram,andbusservices.Source(s):traffiQLokaleNahverkehrsgesellschaftCHAPTER

06SustainabilityFinalenergyconsumptionofthetransportsectorinGermanyfrom2000to2021,bysource(inpetajoules)EnergyconsumptionoftheGermantransportsectorbysource2000-2021Gasoline**DieselAviationfuelElectricpowerRenewablefuelsOthersources3,0002,5002,0001,5001,00050002000

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2021*36Description:In2021,theprimaryenergysourceinthetransportsectorinGermanywasfossilfuels.Around92.6percentofthetotalenergyconsumptionintransportationcamefromthistypeoffuel.Ontheotherhand,only5.3percentofthefinalenergyconsumptioncamefromrenewablesources.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2000to2022;*Preliminaryvalues.**Includesliquidgas.ReadmoreSource(s):KBAFinalenergyconsumptionofthetransportsectorinGermanyfrom2000to2022,bymode(inpetajoules)EnergyconsumptionoftheGermantransportsectorbymode2000-2022Privateroadpassengertransport

Roadfreighttransport

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Publicroadpassengertransport

Inlandwatertransport3,0002,5002,0001,5001,00050002000

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2021*37Description:In2021,thefinalenergyconsumptioninthetransportationsectorinGermanyamountedtoalmost8.7exajoules,ayear-on-yearincreaseofaround3.1percent.Theroadtransportsectorused23.5percentofthetotalenergyconsumptioninthatsameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2000to2022;*Preliminaryvalues.ReadmoreSource(s):KBAGreenhousegasemissionsfromthepassengertransportsectorinGermanyin2019to2021bymode(ingramsperpassenger-kilometer)GreenhousegasemissionsfrompassengertransportationinGermanybymode2019-2021DomesticaviationPassengercarsUrbanbusesRegionaltrainsTramandsubwaynetworksLong-distancetrains*OthertypeofcoachesLong-distanceregularbuses900800700600500400300200100020192020202138Description:In2020,domesticaviationwasthemodeoftransportationthatemittedmoregreenhousegases(GHG)perpassenger-kilometerinGermanywith284gramsperpkm.Inthesameyear,thetransportmodewiththelowestGHGemissionsperpassenger-kilometerwasthelong-distancebuswithlessthan37gramsperpassenger-kilometer.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2019to2021;includingemissionsfromthesupplyandconversionofenergysourcesintoelectricity,gasoline,dieselandnaturalgas,andkerosene.Source(s):UmweltbundesamtNitrogenoxide(NOx)emissionsfromthepassengertransportsectorinGermanyin2