大学英语四级阅读理解练习和答案

大学英语四级阅读理解练习和答案：Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompany,tryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsumsneededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisforlong-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.ThistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughtheStockExchange.Bydoingso,theycanputintocirculationthesavingsofindividualandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompanywithwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.ManyoftheservicesneededbothbyindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.TheGovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andtheytoo,cometotheStockExchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsofthecountry.TheStockyExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavingscanreachthosewhoneedfinance.56.AlmostallcompaniestryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatingnewjobshavetoA)persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinanceB)relyontheirownfinancialresourcesC)borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandrelativesD)dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance57.Themoney,whichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojects,isA)raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompaniesB)repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossibleC)raisedbyputtingintocirculationofthesavingsofindividualoverseasD)investedindifferentcompaniesontheStockExchange58.TheStockExchangemakesitpossibleforthegovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustriesA)tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoneyB)toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywishC)toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopmentsD)tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem59.AlltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependareA)runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthoritiesB)inconstantneedoffinancialsupportC)unabletomeettheneedsofthepopulationsD)financedwhollybyratesandtaxes60.WhenthesaverswanttheirmoneybacktheyA)transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompanyB)havetoborrowmoneyfromotherpeopleC)puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarketD)gotothecompanytotakeitback

大学英语四级阅读理解练习和答案：Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulabourthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:"Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain!"ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteractyourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorning,butyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequitingmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.61.Ifapersonfindsgettingupearlyaproblem,mostprobably_____.A)heisalazypersonB)herefusestofollowhisownenergycycleC)heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislowD)heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening62.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?A)Unawarenessofenergycycles.B)Familiarmonologues.C)Achangeinafamilymember'senergycycle.D)Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.63.Ifonewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemorning,heshould_____.A)changehisenergycycleB)overcomehislazinessC)getupearlierthanusualD)gotobedearlier64.YouareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwillA)helptokeepyourenergyfortheday'sworkB)helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC)enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutineworkD)keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?A)Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.B)Dr.Kletmanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofday.C)Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.D)Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.

56.Almostallcompaniestryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatingnewjobshaveto_____.几乎所有想要开发新产品和创造新工作岗位的公司都不得不_____.A)persuadethebankstoprovidelong.termfinanceB)relyontheirownfinancialresourcesC)borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandrelativesD)dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinanceA)说服银行提供长期贷款B)依靠他们自己的财政资源C)从亲戚朋友那里借大笔的钱D)依靠广大民众来筹款【解析】D。细节题。根据题干关键词“developnewproductsandcreatenewjobs”定位到第一段第三句，从朋友及熟人那里筹款的可能性是很小的，而银行只愿提供短期贷款，不愿提供长期贷款，所以A项和C项错误。接下来的一句提到公司要发展生产，不得不依靠广大民众，从而得出B项错误。故答案是D项。57.Themoney，whichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojects，is____使这些公司能够继续进行他们的项目的钱是_____。A)raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompaniesB)repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossibleC)raisedbyputtingintocirculationofthesavingsofindividualoverseasD)investedindifferentcompaniesontheStockExchangeA)通过销售本公司的股票筹集的B)尽快偿还给它原来的主人C)通过把海外的个人存款投入流通而筹集的D)投资到证券交易所上不同的公司【解析】A。细节题。此题没有明显的关键词，但可以根据题意倒推出，问的是所需资金的来源。文章第一段倒数第二句提到：公司通过股票交易所发行本公司的股票来筹集资金，所以A项符合题意。此段最后一句“bethathomeandoverseas”说明B项只提到一部分overseas，是不全面的。第二段第一句说明这些钱不可能尽快回到当初买股票的人手中，而是通过股票经纪人把他手中的股票卖给正准备投资的其他股东，故C也不正确。D中的differentcompanies也与文意相反。故A项为答案。58.TheStockExchangemakesitpossibleforthegovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustries_____证券交易所让政府、地方机构和国有企业可以_____。A)tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoneyB)toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywishC)toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopmentsD)tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothemA)确定每个人都存钱B)想借多少钱都可以C)筹钱来投资新的发展D)确定每个人都借钱给他们【解析】C。细节题。根据题干关键词“government，localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustries”定位第三段最后一句：“因此，政府、地方机构和国有企业常常需要借钱来支持重大开支，他们也需要去证券交易所。”A、B、D项都不正确，故选C项。59.Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare_____.我们依赖的所有的重要服务_______。A)runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthoritiesB)inconstantneedoffinancialsupportC)unabletomeettheneedsofthepopulationsD)financedwhollybyratesandtaxesA)是由政府和我们的地方机构经营的B)需要持续的财政支持C)不能满足人们的需要D)完全由利率和税收支持【解析】B。推理题。根据题干关键词“services”定位第三段首句“Manyoftheservicesneededbothbyin.dustyandbyeachofUSareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities”用的是many而不是all，故A项错误。第三段第三句的前半句“requirecontinuousspendin9”则证明8项constantneed正确，后半句“requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone”说明D项wholly是错的。原文并未对C项做出任何说明。故选B项。60.Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey________当股东想要收回资金时，他们______。A)transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompanyB)havetoborrowmoneyfromotherpeopleC)puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarketD)gotothecompanytotakeitbackA)把他们的钱转移到更成功的公司B)不得不去向其他人借钱C)把他们持有的公司股票放回市场D)去公司把钱要回来【解析】C.推理题。根据题干关键词“saverswanttheirmoneyback”定位到文章第二段，可知当股东需要收回投资时，不是到公司要钱，而是把股票放回市场，通过股票经纪人把它卖掉。A、B、D项为混淆项，所以答案选C。61.Ifapersonfindsgettingupearlyaproblem,mostprobably______.如果一个人觉得早起很难，很有可能_______。A)heisalazypersonB)herefusestofollowhisownenergycycleC)heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislowD)heisathispeakintheafternoonoreveningA)他是个懒惰的家伙B)他不愿遵循自己的能量周期C)他不清楚自己什么时候能量低D)他的高峰在下午或晚上【解析】D。推理题。根据文章第一段可以看出早晨起不来与一个人每天的能量周期有关。根据文章第二段中John的自言自语，以及紧接着的解释“Johnisathistemperature—and-energypeakintheevening”推理，如果一个人早上不能早起，这个人的能量高峰就很可能在下午或晚上。因此选项D是正确答案。62.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?根据本文，下面哪种情形会导致家庭争端?A)UnawarenessofenergycyclesB)Familiarmonologues.C)Achangeinafamilymember'senergycycle.D)Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.A)没有意识到能量周期的存在。B)熟悉的自言自语。C)一名家庭成员改变了他的能量周期。D)企图控制其他家庭成员的能量周期。【解析】A。推理题。第二段的最后一句是“如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么回事，了解每个家庭成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。选项A是正确答案。63.Ifonewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemornin9，heshould____.如果一个人想在早晨能量低的时候更有效率地工作，他应该____。A)changehisenergycycleB)overcomehislazinessC