2023年全国英语竞赛《A类研究生》初赛试题及答案

2023年全国英语竞赛《A类研究生》初赛试题及答案[单选题]1.Thereare15incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachblankthereare（江南博哥）fourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Itisabitscaryridingthiselevatorbecauseit_____atsucharapidrate.A.decreasesB.descendsC.devaluesD.declines正确答案：B参考解析：句意：乘电梯有点吓人，因为它下降的速度太快了。四个选项都有“下降”的含义，但是descend表示空间位置的从高到低，decrease专指数值上的下降，decline表示数量或能量的下降，devalue表示货币贬值或者价值降低。电梯是空间上的下降。故选B。[单选题]2.Anincreasingproportionofourpopulationunabletolivewithoutadvancedmedical_____,willbecomeprogressivelymorereliantonexpensivetechnology.A.interferenceB.interruptionC.interventionD.interaction正确答案：C参考解析：句意：我们当中越来越多的人离了医疗干预就无法生活，将会越来越依赖高昂的医疗技术。intervention干预，介入。interference（收音机或电视机受到的）干扰信号。interrupt打断，插嘴。interaction相互影响，相互作用。故选C。[单选题]3.Sometimesthestudentmaybeaskedtowriteabouthis_____toacertainbookorarticlethathassomebearingonthesubjectbeingstudied.A.commentB.reactionC.impressionD.comprehension正确答案：B参考解析：句意：有时，学生可能会被要求写出他对某本书或某篇与所学主题有关的文章的反馈。reaction反应，回应。comment评论，意见。impression印象，感想。comprehension理解力，领悟力。根据语境可知，此处要求学生写的应该是读后感等读书过后的反馈信息。故选B。[单选题]4.Profilesofformermembersarepreserved_____peoplewanttoreactivatetheiraccounts.A.incaseB.inthatC.evenifD.sothat正确答案：A参考解析：句意：前会员的个人资料会被保存下来，以防人们想要重新激活他们的账户。incase以防万一。inthat由于。evenif即时。根据句意可知此处为条件状语从句。sothat以便。故选A。[单选题]5.Thesedays,muchofthefamilyconversation_____her.WhatarewegoingtodoaboutGrandma?A.talksaboutB.centresonC.speaksofD.attachesto正确答案：A参考解析：句意：这些天，很多家庭谈话都在谈论她。我们该拿奶奶怎么办？talkabout谈论，讨论。centreon以……为中心。speakof提到或讨论某个话题或人。attachto附着在。根据语境可知，主要是有很多家庭都在谈论奶奶，而speakof侧重于表示的是“提到或提及”，talkabout表示的是讨论或者谈论的对象。故选A。[单选题]6.Take,_____,whathappenedduringmyChristmasholidayswhenIwaseleven.A.forallB.forinstanceC.forgoodD.forever正确答案：B参考解析：句意：举个例子，我十一岁的时候，圣诞节假期发生了什么事。forinstance例如，用于引出一个具体的例子，以说明或解释前面提到的事物。forall尽管，虽然。forgood永久地，彻底地。forever永远。故选B。[单选题]7.Ifyoudon’tdogoodinschool,youcan_____anotherfiftyyearsofthiskindofwork.A.lookafterB.lookdownuponC.lookupD.lookforwardto正确答案：D参考解析：句意：如果你在学校表现不好，你可以期待一下接下来五十年都做这种工作。lookforwardto期待，盼望。lookafter照顾，照料。lookdownupon看不起。lookup查找；查阅。故选D。[单选题]8.Andtheskillsyousharpentoeaseatenserelationshipwill_____throughoutyourcareer.A.doinyourstandB.standinyourlightC.standyouingoodsteadD.takeastandagainstyou正确答案：C参考解析：句意：你为缓和紧张关系而磨练的技巧将在你的整个职业生涯中对你有利。standingoodstead对……有利，有好处。此处为固定用法。故选C。[单选题]9.—Haveyoudecidedyet?—Yes,we’ll_____thecheaperoption.A.takeoverB.goforC.setoutD.makeup正确答案：B参考解析：句意：—你决定了吗？—是的，我们将选择更便宜的一项。gofor选择。takeover接管。setout出发；开始。makeup化妆；弥补。故选B。[单选题]10.Becausesofewpeopleshowed_____forthemeeting,wedecidedtopostponeittoalaterdate.A.outB.downC.offD.up正确答案：D参考解析：句意：由于太少人出席这次会议，我们决定将会议延迟到晚一点的日子。showup出席，露面。showout引导出去。showdown摊牌。showoff炫耀。故选D。[单选题]11.Itwasonly_____thehousewassoold_____shesoldit.A.since;soB.because;thatC.because;soD.since;that正确答案：B参考解析：句意：只是因为房子太旧了，她才把它卖了。分析句子结构可以发现，itwas和第二空构成强调句型，故第二空填入that。去掉强调句结构，前后两句存在因果关系，且表示的是直接的原因，故第一空用because。故选B。[单选题]12.Accordingtoonebelief,iftruthistobeknownitwillmakeitselfapparent,soone_____waitinsteadofsearchingforit.A.can’thelpB.hadtoC.can’tbutD.hadbest正确答案：D参考解析：句意：根据一种信念，如果要知道真理，它会自己显现出来，所以人们最好等待，而不是去寻找它。此处为固定句型hadbetterdosth.insteadofdoingsth.，意为“最好做某事，而不是做某事”。故选D。[单选题]13.—Itlookslikethisrestaurantisclosed.Whatshallwedo?I’msohungry!—Iknowacaféthatstaysopenlate.Icancallandcheckifthey’restillopen.Ifyoudon’tmindorderingsandwiches,thatis._____—Idon’tmindsandwiches.Iguessweshouldn’thavewaitedtillsolatetoeat.A.Don’tworry.I’llpay.B.That’salltheyserve.C.I’llfindsomeplacethat’sopen.D.Youwon’tbelievethis.正确答案：B参考解析：对话中的两人在讨论吃饭的餐厅，前面提到其餐厅都关门了，对话中的人打算去打电话问对方是否还在营业，但是前提是对话中的另一个人不介意吃三明治，后面对方也表示不介意，所以此处衔接对话上下文，也应该与餐厅提供的食物有关，B选项“这就是他们提供的全部”符合语境。故选B。[单选题]14.—IcalledtheGrandHotelthismorningandbookedyouaroomforWednesdayandThursdaynights.—Wouldyoumindcallingbackandaskingthemtoaddanight?I’dliketostayoverFridayandgetsomesightseeingin.—_____RightnowIhavetofinishtypingthesereports.A.Fine.That’snotaproblem.B.Justpleasedon’tforgettodoit.C.I’lldoitafterlunch,ifyouthinkit’sOK.D.Youmeanthreenights?I’llbebackimmediately.正确答案：C参考解析：横线前两人讨论到定了周三和周四晚上的酒店，并且提到是否介意再加一晚，周五再住一天，横线后回答说目前现在要打印报告，也就是说再去预定加一晚这个事情要晚点再做，C项符合语境。A项和B项与后半句目前我正在做的事情无关，前后不衔接。D项提到“我很快会回来”与后文也无关。故选C。[单选题]15.—MayIseeyourticket,please?Thankyou.You’reinRow10,SeatA,rightnexttothewindow.—Great.Thanks.Canyoutellmehowlongtheflightwillbe?—Thereshouldn’tbeanydelaysonanicecloudlessdayliketoday,soIexpectwe’llbearrivingrightonscheduleat2:30._____A.Welcometoeveryoneonboard.B.We’llprobablybeabout15minuteslate.C.I’llexplainthesituationtoeveryone.D.We’llbeginfoodserviceinabouthalfanhour.正确答案：D参考解析：前文两者在讨论航班信息，检查完机票后，对方询问航班有多久，回答说天气很好，航班不会有延误，会准时在两点半到达，所以横线处的内容也应该与航班的时间安排有关，D项说明了提供食物服务的具体时间，符合语境。故选D。[问答题]1.SectionA(5marks)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.Studentswhoarestudyingdiligently,exercising,participatinginextracurricularsorworkingprobablydon’thavemuchtimetowatchshowsorspendhourslookingatvideos.Inhighschool,youhaveastructuredschedule—youwakeupatthesametimeeverymorning,attendclassesatthesametimeeveryday,anddismisstoheadhomeorgotoextracurricularactivitieswhentheschooldayends.Incollege,thatisn’tquitethecase.Timemanagementiskeytomakingsureyoucanpractiseahealthybalancebetweenschoolandlife.正确答案：努力学习、锻炼、参加课外活动或工作的学生可能没有太多的时间看电视剧或连续几个小时地看视频。在高中阶段，你的安排非常有条理——每天早上都在同一时间醒来，每天都在相同时间上课，放学后回家或参加课外活动。在大学阶段，情况可大不一样。如果你想合理平衡学习和生活，时间管理是非常关键的。参考解析：翻译要点：①第一句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词student，翻译时作为定语需要前置。②structured此处意为“有条理的”。③第二句破折号后为并列的动词短语，顺译即可。④extracurricularactivities意为“课外活动”。[问答题]2.SectionB(10marks)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.毫无疑问，茶受到了全世界的欢迎。茶已成为世界上消费人数最多的饮品——当然，仅次于水。为弘扬这一大众饮品，联合国大会将5月21日定为国际茶日。联合国认为，茶不仅仅是一种热饮，它还是全球众多文化的重要组成部分。你或许知道，中国人招待贵客时会用顶级的茶以示敬意。与此同时，英国的下午茶传统也是该国特色的重要组成部分。不论是热饮或冷饮，茶都不仅仅是一种饮品，它是一种社会习俗，一条连接过去的纽带，一种生活方式。正确答案：Teais,withoutdoubt,welcomedallovertheworld.Ithasbecomethemostconsumedbeverageintheworld—afterwater,ofcourse.Inordertocelebratethepopulardrink,theUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyhasdesignatedMay21stasInternationalTeaDay.AccordingtotheUN,teaismuchmorethanjustahotdrink.It’sabigpartofmanyculturesaroundtheworld.YouprobablyknowthatpeopleinChinausetop-gradeteatoshowrespectwhenreceivingimportantguests.Meanwhile,theBritishtraditionofafternoonteaisanimportantpartofthatcountry’sidentity.Hotorcold,teaismorethanadrink—it’sasocialcustom,alinktothepastandawayoflife.参考解析：翻译要点：①第二句翻译时注意“消费人数最多的饮品”，可以通过将动词consume转化为其形容词形式consumed，“饮品”可译为beverage。②“弘扬”可译为celebrate。③第四句在翻译时可以拆分为两句，注意“不仅仅”的表达，可译为morethan。④第五句在翻译时注意从句的转换，包含宾语从句和时间状语从句。[问答题]3.TherearefiveIQTestquestionsinthispart.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.InhowmanyyearsduringacenturydoChristmasDayandNewYear’sDayfallinthesameyear?正确答案：Ineveryyear,ofcourse!参考解析：句意：在一个世纪中，有多少年圣诞节和元旦是在同一年？每年的1月1日是元旦，12月25日是圣诞节，所以不论什么时候两个节日都会在同一年，只不过日期不一样。[问答题]4.MyfirstisinSACKbutnotinSILK.MysecondisinHATbutnotinSTAND.MythirdisinAYEbutnotinOYEZ.MyfourthisinKNIFEbutnotinFORK.MylastisinFIREbutnotinFLAME.WhatamI?正确答案：IamCHAIR.参考解析：根据题干可知，该单词第一个字母为A或C，第二个字母为H，第三个字母为A，第四个字母为N、I或E，第五个字母为I或R。结合已知的字母，组成的是chair。[问答题]5.Sayyoupronounce“gh”asin“tough”,“o”asin“women”,and“ti”asin“lotion”.Thenwhatwordisitas“ghoti”ispronounced?正确答案：Thewordis“fish”.参考解析：结合在这几个单词中的发音，gh在单词tough中发音[f]，o在单词women中发音[ɪ]，ti在单词lotion中发音[ʃ]，所以ghoti结合发音[fɪʃ]，即单词fish。[问答题]6.Whichcircleshouldreplacethequestionmark?正确答案：E参考解析：观察图片，每个部分中的三个圆形的关系为：三个图形组成形状完全一样，只是角度的不同和阴影部分、空白部分的不同。其中两个图形只是角度不同，其余完全相同；第三个图形和两个图形中的一个图形只是阴影部分、空白部分相反，其余完全相同。只有E项符合。[问答题]7.Whichhexagonshouldreplacethequestionmark?正确答案：B参考解析：观察前两排和前两列图形可以发现，横排和竖列前两个图形合并后去掉重合的部分可得到第三个图形，按照此规律，问号处图形为B。[问答题]8.SectionA(10marks)Thediagramshowshowfruitiscanned.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Writeareportofatleast120wordsontheanswersheet.正确答案：【参考范文】Thediagramindicatestheproductionprocessofcannedfruitsfromtherawmaterialtoendproductbasedonvariousstages.Tobeginwith,ripefruitsarepickedbyhandfromthetrees,whichthenwillbetransportedtofactoriesandwashedcompletelythere.Aftertakingoutsomeunsuitablefruits,theotherswillbestoredunderthetemperatureof0℃inacoldstoragefacility.Next,thequalifiedfruitsareweighedtoensureeachonecanmeetthestandard,aftertheprocessofwhich,thefruitsarepeeledanddividedintoslices,whichwillbewaitingforthenextstepofcookinginsomecontainers.Afterwards,thefruitswillbedepositedintothecans,andthensealedaftersomejuiceisadded.Experiencingthelaststageofsterilizingandlabelling,thecanswillbestoredinthewarehouses,andthendeliveredtothesupermarketwhentheorderscome.参考解析：题目要求根据图片介绍水果罐头的制作流程。在写制作流程的过程中，注意开头先引入话题进行介绍，然后按照图片分步骤详细说明过程，使用一些顺序连接词，同时，适当添加个别图中没有注明文字但是能够读出来的细节信息，比如筛选还有储藏的温度等。注意全篇需使用一般现在时，多用被动语态。共享题干题SectionA(5marks)Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrectformsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.cause;destroy;happy;indangerof;insect;nextto;withImagineyouranasmallfoodshopinyourlocalneighbourhood.Suddenly,agiantsupermarketopensforbusinessoppositeyourshop.Whathappenstoyouandyourbusiness?Inthenaturalworld,thingsareoftenthesame.Theredsquirrelwasliving(41)_____inEnglandwhen,inthe1880s,manypeoplebroughtgreysquirrelsfromNorthAmericaaspets.Thesepetsescapedintothewildandatethesamefoodastheredsquirrels,whichmeansthatnowtherearen’tmanynativeredsquirrelsinEnglandandtheyare(42)_____extinction.Therearemanyinvadersthatdon’tcauseextinctions,buttheydodestroyplantsandharmtheeconomy.Forexample,Europeanreddeerare(43)_____theforestsinSouthAmericabecausetheyeattheyoungtrees.RabbitshavespreadfromEuropeandnoweatfarmers’cropsallovertheworld.Thesekindsofinvaderscauseproblemsforhumans,unlikethegreysquirrels,whichcauselittledamagetoplantsanddon’tdamagetheeconomy.Fewinvadersarelargelandanimals;mostofthemareplantsorsmallanimalslike(44)_____.Thesesmalleranimalsoftenmeanfarmerslosealotofmoney.Forexample,theapplesnailfromSouthAmericadoesn’tcausemuchharminEurope,butitcausesalotofdamageinSoutheastAsiabecauseitlovestoeatriceplants.Forseveralobviousreasons,thenumberofanimalinvadersisincreasingineverycountryintheworld,andmanycountrieshopetocontrolthissituation(45)_____forexample,strongbordercontrols.However,itseemsimpossibleforustobringsuchanimalinvasionstoastop,perhapsbecausechangesarealwayspartofnature.[填空题]1.()正确答案：happily参考解析：分析句子结构可知，横线前为句子的主语及动词的进行时，此处应该填入副词修饰动词live，且根据语境可知，在引入外来的松鼠前，本地的红松鼠应该生活得很快乐轻松。故填入happily。Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrectformsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.cause;destroy;happy;indangerof;insect;nextto;withImagineyouranasmallfoodshopinyourlocalneighbourhood.Suddenly,agiantsupermarketopensforbusinessoppositeyourshop.Whathappenstoyouandyourbusiness?Inthenaturalworld,thingsareoftenthesame.Theredsquirrelwasliving(41)_____inEnglandwhen,inthe1880s,manypeoplebroughtgreysquirrelsfromNorthAmericaaspets.Thesepetsescapedintothewildandatethesamefoodastheredsquirrels,whichmeansthatnowtherearen’tmanynativeredsquirrelsinEnglandandtheyare(42)_____extinction.Therearemanyinvadersthatdon’tcauseextinctions,buttheydodestroyplantsandharmtheeconomy.Forexample,Europeanreddeerare(43)_____theforestsinSouthAmericabecausetheyeattheyoungtrees.RabbitshavespreadfromEuropeandnoweatfarmers’cropsallovertheworld.Thesekindsofinvaderscauseproblemsforhumans,unlikethegreysquirrels,whichcauselittledamagetoplantsanddon’tdamagetheeconomy.Fewinvadersarelargelandanimals;mostofthemareplantsorsmallanimalslike(44)_____.Thesesmalleranimalsoftenmeanfarmerslosealotofmoney.Forexample,theapplesnailfromSouthAmericadoesn’tcausemuchharminEurope,butitcausesalotofdamageinSoutheastAsiabecauseitlovestoeatriceplants.Forseveralobviousreasons,thenumberofanimalinvadersisincreasingineverycountryintheworld,andmanycountrieshopetocontrolthissituation(45)_____forexample,strongbordercontrols.However,itseemsimpossibleforustobringsuchanimalinvasionstoastop,perhapsbecausechangesarealwayspartofnature.[填空题]2.()正确答案：indangerof参考解析：横线前面的内容提到，这些松鼠到了野外和红松鼠吃的食物一样，导致红松鼠减少，所以面临的也是灭绝的危险。indangerof为固定搭配，意为“处于……危险之中”。Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrectformsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.cause;destroy;happy;indangerof;insect;nextto;withImagineyouranasmallfoodshopinyourlocalneighbourhood.Suddenly,agiantsupermarketopensforbusinessoppositeyourshop.Whathappenstoyouandyourbusiness?Inthenaturalworld,thingsareoftenthesame.Theredsquirrelwasliving(41)_____inEnglandwhen,inthe1880s,manypeoplebroughtgreysquirrelsfromNorthAmericaaspets.Thesepetsescapedintothewildandatethesamefoodastheredsquirrels,whichmeansthatnowtherearen’tmanynativeredsquirrelsinEnglandandtheyare(42)_____extinction.Therearemanyinvadersthatdon’tcauseextinctions,buttheydodestroyplantsandharmtheeconomy.Forexample,Europeanreddeerare(43)_____theforestsinSouthAmericabecausetheyeattheyoungtrees.RabbitshavespreadfromEuropeandnoweatfarmers’cropsallovertheworld.Thesekindsofinvaderscauseproblemsforhumans,unlikethegreysquirrels,whichcauselittledamagetoplantsanddon’tdamagetheeconomy.Fewinvadersarelargelandanimals;mostofthemareplantsorsmallanimalslike(44)_____.Thesesmalleranimalsoftenmeanfarmerslosealotofmoney.Forexample,theapplesnailfromSouthAmericadoesn’tcausemuchharminEurope,butitcausesalotofdamageinSoutheastAsiabecauseitlovestoeatriceplants.Forseveralobviousreasons,thenumberofanimalinvadersisincreasingineverycountryintheworld,andmanycountrieshopetocontrolthissituation(45)_____forexample,strongbordercontrols.However,itseemsimpossibleforustobringsuchanimalinvasionstoastop,perhapsbecausechangesarealwayspartofnature.[填空题]3.()正确答案：destroying参考解析：根据上文语境可知，这些外来动物损坏了当地的植物和经济，紧接着此句进行举例，所以说明的也是这些欧洲的马鹿正在破坏的南美的森林。且根据前面的are可知此处应该使用现在进行时。故填入destroying。Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrectformsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.cause;destroy;happy;indangerof;insect;nextto;withImagineyouranasmallfoodshopinyourlocalneighbourhood.Suddenly,agiantsupermarketopensforbusinessoppositeyourshop.Whathappenstoyouandyourbusiness?Inthenaturalworld,thingsareoftenthesame.Theredsquirrelwasliving(41)_____inEnglandwhen,inthe1880s,manypeoplebroughtgreysquirrelsfromNorthAmericaaspets.Thesepetsescapedintothewildandatethesamefoodastheredsquirrels,whichmeansthatnowtherearen’tmanynativeredsquirrelsinEnglandandtheyare(42)_____extinction.Therearemanyinvadersthatdon’tcauseextinctions,buttheydodestroyplantsandharmtheeconomy.Forexample,Europeanreddeerare(43)_____theforestsinSouthAmericabecausetheyeattheyoungtrees.RabbitshavespreadfromEuropeandnoweatfarmers’cropsallovertheworld.Thesekindsofinvaderscauseproblemsforhumans,unlikethegreysquirrels,whichcauselittledamagetoplantsanddon’tdamagetheeconomy.Fewinvadersarelargelandanimals;mostofthemareplantsorsmallanimalslike(44)_____.Thesesmalleranimalsoftenmeanfarmerslosealotofmoney.Forexample,theapplesnailfromSouthAmericadoesn’tcausemuchharminEurope,butitcausesalotofdamageinSoutheastAsiabecauseitlovestoeatriceplants.Forseveralobviousreasons,thenumberofanimalinvadersisincreasingineverycountryintheworld,andmanycountrieshopetocontrolthissituation(45)_____forexample,strongbordercontrols.However,itseemsimpossibleforustobringsuchanimalinvasionstoastop,perhapsbecausechangesarealwayspartofnature.[填空题]4.()正确答案：insects参考解析：分析上下文语境可知，很少有入侵者是大型陆地动物，它们大多是植物或小动物，此处是对小动物的举例，insect意为“昆虫”，符合语境。Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrectformsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.cause;destroy;happy;indangerof;insect;nextto;withImagineyouranasmallfoodshopinyourlocalneighbourhood.Suddenly,agiantsupermarketopensforbusinessoppositeyourshop.Whathappenstoyouandyourbusiness?Inthenaturalworld,thingsareoftenthesame.Theredsquirrelwasliving(41)_____inEnglandwhen,inthe1880s,manypeoplebroughtgreysquirrelsfromNorthAmericaaspets.Thesepetsescapedintothewildandatethesamefoodastheredsquirrels,whichmeansthatnowtherearen’tmanynativeredsquirrelsinEnglandandtheyare(42)_____extinction.Therearemanyinvadersthatdon’tcauseextinctions,buttheydodestroyplantsandharmtheeconomy.Forexample,Europeanreddeerare(43)_____theforestsinSouthAmericabecausetheyeattheyoungtrees.RabbitshavespreadfromEuropeandnoweatfarmers’cropsallovertheworld.Thesekindsofinvaderscauseproblemsforhumans,unlikethegreysquirrels,whichcauselittledamagetoplantsanddon’tdamagetheeconomy.Fewinvadersarelargelandanimals;mostofthemareplantsorsmallanimalslike(44)_____.Thesesmalleranimalsoftenmeanfarmerslosealotofmoney.Forexample,theapplesnailfromSouthAmericadoesn’tcausemuchharminEurope,butitcausesalotofdamageinSoutheastAsiabecauseitlovestoeatriceplants.Forseveralobviousreasons,thenumberofanimalinvadersisincreasingineverycountryintheworld,andmanycountrieshopetocontrolthissituation(45)_____forexample,strongbordercontrols.However,itseemsimpossibleforustobringsuchanimalinvasionstoastop,perhapsbecausechangesarealwayspartofnature.[填空题]5.()正确答案：with参考解析：分析句子结构和语义可知，句子成分完整，此处表达的意思是借用加强边境管制来控制这种情况，介词with可以表示“用某种工具或方法”，符合上下文语境。故填入with。【全文翻译】想象一下，你在附近开了一家小食品店。突然，一家巨大的超市在你的商店对面开门营业。你和你的生意会怎么样？在自然界中也是同理。19世纪80年代，红松鼠在英国快乐地生活着，这时许多人从北美带来灰松鼠当宠物。这些宠物逃到了野外，吃的食物和红松鼠一样，这意味着现在英格兰本土的红松鼠已经不多了，它们有灭绝的危险。有许多入侵者不会导致物种灭绝，但它们确实会破坏植物，损害经济。例如，欧洲马鹿正在破坏南美洲的森林，因为它们吃小树。兔子从欧洲传播开来，现在损坏世界各地农民的庄稼。这些类型的入侵者给人类带来了问题，不像灰松鼠对植物造成的损害很小，也不会破坏经济。很少有入侵者是大型陆地动物，它们大多是植物或昆虫之类的小动物。这些较小的动物通常意味着农民损失很多钱。例如，南美的苹果蜗牛在欧洲不会造成太大的危害，但它在东南亚造成了很大的危害，因为它喜欢吃水稻。由于一些显而易见的原因，动物入侵者的数量在世界上每个国家都在增加，许多国家希望通过加强边境管制来控制这种情况。然而，我们似乎不可能阻止这种动物入侵，也许是因为变化总是自然的一部分。SectionB(5marks)Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusingthecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.Germanyhasoneofthehighestpercentagesof(46)_____(child)womenintheworld.ThirtypercentofGermanwomenhavenothadchildren,andthisfigurerisestonearly40%amongfemalegraduates.Germany’sLabourMinister,UrsulavonderLeyen,hassaidthatifthebirthratedoesnotgoup,Germanywilldie.Germany’sbirthrateisoneofthelowestinEurope,withanaverageof1.41childrenperwoman,comparedwith1.67inSwedenand1.91intheUK.Germanmothersarealsotheoldest,withanaverageageof30(47)_____theyhavetheirfirstchild,andmostparentschoosetohaveonlyonechild.AccordingtoProfessorNorbertSchneiderofMainzUniversity,thereasonsforGermany’slowbirthrateincludepoorchildcare,aschooldaythatstillendsat1p.m.formanychildren,andold-fashioned(48)att_____amongemployers.Inaddition,manyGermanwomenarealreadyintheirmid-thirtieswhentheyfinishuniversityandgetagoodjob.MsvonderLeyen,amotherofseven,believesthatanotherdifficultyisthatsomewomencannotfindasuitableman.“Uncertain”men(whoareunsureaboutbecomingfathers)arealsoresponsibleforthelowbirthrate,sheclaims.Theministerhaddevelopedaplantoencouragepeopletohavemorechildren.Firstofall,ifparentsneedprivatechildcare,theywillgethelpfromthegovernmentbypaying(49)_____(little)tax.Secondly,familieswillgetupto1,800eurosamonthfromthegovernmentifmenstayathomefortwomonthsafterthebirthofanewchild.Butsomemen,evenintheminister’sownpoliticalparty,areunhappywiththislastidea.ProfessorSchneidersaysthatinGermanyitisacceptableforwomentotaketimeofftohavechildren.However,ifamantakestimeoffworktolookafteranewchild,hiscareerwillbeover.The(50)ty_____familypictureisverymuchaliveinGermany,hesaid.Womenlookafterthechildrenwhilemengoouttowork.[填空题]6.()正确答案：childless参考解析：分析句子结构可知，横线前为介词of，后面为名词，所以此处为形容词，修饰women。根据后文语境可知，此处指的是没有孩子的女性，故填入childless，意为“无子女的”。Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusingthecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.Germanyhasoneofthehighestpercentagesof(46)_____(child)womenintheworld.ThirtypercentofGermanwomenhavenothadchildren,andthisfigurerisestonearly40%amongfemalegraduates.Germany’sLabourMinister,UrsulavonderLeyen,hassaidthatifthebirthratedoesnotgoup,Germanywilldie.Germany’sbirthrateisoneofthelowestinEurope,withanaverageof1.41childrenperwoman,comparedwith1.67inSwedenand1.91intheUK.Germanmothersarealsotheoldest,withanaverageageof30(47)_____theyhavetheirfirstchild,andmostparentschoosetohaveonlyonechild.AccordingtoProfessorNorbertSchneiderofMainzUniversity,thereasonsforGermany’slowbirthrateincludepoorchildcare,aschooldaythatstillendsat1p.m.formanychildren,andold-fashioned(48)att_____amongemployers.Inaddition,manyGermanwomenarealreadyintheirmid-thirtieswhentheyfinishuniversityandgetagoodjob.MsvonderLeyen,amotherofseven,believesthatanotherdifficultyisthatsomewomencannotfindasuitableman.“Uncertain”men(whoareunsureaboutbecomingfathers)arealsoresponsibleforthelowbirthrate,sheclaims.Theministerhaddevelopedaplantoencouragepeopletohavemorechildren.Firstofall,ifparentsneedprivatechildcare,theywillgethelpfromthegovernmentbypaying(49)_____(little)tax.Secondly,familieswillgetupto1,800eurosamonthfromthegovernmentifmenstayathomefortwomonthsafterthebirthofanewchild.Butsomemen,evenintheminister’sownpoliticalparty,areunhappywiththislastidea.ProfessorSchneidersaysthatinGermanyitisacceptableforwomentotaketimeofftohavechildren.However,ifamantakestimeoffworktolookafteranewchild,hiscareerwillbeover.The(50)ty_____familypictureisverymuchaliveinGermany,hesaid.Womenlookafterthechildrenwhilemengoouttowork.[填空题]7.()正确答案：when参考解析：分析句子结构可知，横线前为介词短语，横线后为一个句子，所以此处应该引导从句。且根据语境可知，此处表示的是大多数妇女在30岁的时候生孩子，故填入when。Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusingthecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.Germanyhasoneofthehighestpercentagesof(46)_____(child)womenintheworld.ThirtypercentofGermanwomenhavenothadchildren,andthisfigurerisestonearly40%amongfemalegraduates.Germany’sLabourMinister,UrsulavonderLeyen,hassaidthatifthebirthratedoesnotgoup,Germanywilldie.Germany’sbirthrateisoneofthelowestinEurope,withanaverageof1.41childrenperwoman,comparedwith1.67inSwedenand1.91intheUK.Germanmothersarealsotheoldest,withanaverageageof30(47)_____theyhavetheirfirstchild,andmostparentschoosetohaveonlyonechild.AccordingtoProfessorNorbertSchneiderofMainzUniversity,thereasonsforGermany’slowbirthrateincludepoorchildcare,aschooldaythatstillendsat1p.m.formanychildren,andold-fashioned(48)att_____amongemployers.Inaddition,manyGermanwomenarealreadyintheirmid-thirtieswhentheyfinishuniversityandgetagoodjob.MsvonderLeyen,amotherofseven,believesthatanotherdifficultyisthatsomewomencannotfindasuitableman.“Uncertain”men(whoareunsureaboutbecomingfathers)arealsoresponsibleforthelowbirthrate,sheclaims.Theministerhaddevelopedaplantoencouragepeopletohavemorechildren.Firstofall,ifparentsneedprivatechildcare,theywillgethelpfromthegovernmentbypaying(49)_____(little)tax.Secondly,familieswillgetupto1,800eurosamonthfromthegovernmentifmenstayathomefortwomonthsafterthebirthofanewchild.Butsomemen,evenintheminister’sownpoliticalparty,areunhappywiththislastidea.ProfessorSchneidersaysthatinGermanyitisacceptableforwomentotaketimeofftohavechildren.However,ifamantakestimeoffworktolookafteranewchild,hiscareerwillbeover.The(50)ty_____familypictureisverymuchaliveinGermany,hesaid.Womenlookafterthechildrenwhilemengoouttowork.[填空题]8.()正确答案：attitudes参考解析：分析句子结构可知，横线前为形容词，后面为介词，此处应该填入名词。且根据前文语境可知，此处表示的是许多人还是持有传统的态度。故填入attitudes。Readthefollowingpassag