四川省泸州市泸县一中2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题

泸县一中高2021级高三下期开学考试英语试题第I卷选择题（100分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Keepwaiting. B.Gobackhome. C.Gotoanotherrestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Thelineissolonghere!Idon’tseeanychanceforustogetin.Let’sgototherestaurantaroundthecornerinstead.M:Butthefoodhereisgreat!Areyousureyouwanttomakeachange?W:Yes,Iam.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Apainting. B.Aphoto. C.Anexhibition.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hereismylatestpiece,Katie.Whatdoyouthinkofit?W:Amazing.Itlooksalmostlikeaphoto,similartoafamouspainter’swork.Youshouldshowthisintheartexhibitionnextmonth.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowmuchisJack’snewjacket?A.$100. B.$130. C.$140.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Iloveyournewjacket,Jack.Howmuchdidyoupayforit?$140?M:Well,abitmorethan$100.$130.Itwasarealbargain!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredidthemangoyesterday?A.Toalibrary. B.Toamuseum. C.Toatenniscourt.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Jennysaidsheplannedtoplaytenniswithyouyesterdaybutyouwerenotathome.M:IwenttotheCityLibrarytoborrowsomebooksformyresearchonmuseums.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdoesHenryfeelnow?A.Proud. B.Tired. C.Grateful.【答案】B【解析】【原文】第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanhavetodothismorning?A.Treatfriendsathome. B.Finishreadingapaper. C.Lookafterhisbabysister.7.Whatwillthemando?A.Borrowthewoman’sputer.B.Havethewomanvisithisfriends.C.Gotothelibrarytofinishhispaper.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Paul.Youlookunhappy.M:MyputerwentwrongthismorningandIhavetogetapaperfinishedforclassonMonday.W:Youcanalwaysgotothelibrary.M:Thelibraryisn’topenonSaturdayafternoonsandSundaysandIhavetotakecareofmybabysisterthismorning.W:That’saproblem.Myfamilyishavingfriendsoverthisafternoonsoitwon’tbepossibleforyoutoetomyplace.Icanlendyoumyputer.M:Wow?Sally,that’sgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary. B.Coachandplayer. C.Receptionistandcustomer.9.Whyistheswimmingpoolclosed?A.Itisunderdecoration. B.Itsequipmentneedsupdating. C.Todayisweeklycleaningday.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,CrownHotel.CanIhelpyou?M:Goodmorning,thisisDavidCooper.IbookedaroomonyourappandI’mcallingtoconfirmitW:Sure,Mr.Cooper.Ihaveseenyourreservationhere.Oneroomfortodayandtomorrow.Whenareyougoingtocheckin?M:We’llprobablyarriveat9pm.Willtheswimmingpoolbeopenthen?W:I’msorry.ThepoolisclosedeveryMondayforcleaning.Butournewlydecoratedgymopenstillmidnight.Wehavesomenewsportsequipment.M:OK.Iwillhaveatry.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cooking. B.Doingshopping. C.WatchingTV.11.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Cheese. B.Milk. C.Icecream.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atnoon. B.Inthelateafternoon. C.Inthemorning.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:Atlunchtime,Iwatchedthatgoodcookingshow,Chef’sSpecial,andI’vegotsomegreatideasforsomemealswecantryoutfordinner.M:Well,thatsoundsgood.Sowhat’sonyourlist?W:Let’ssee.We’vegotsomemeatathomealready,butweneedsomethingforasalad.Weneedsometomatoes,carrotsandgreenonions.M:Soundsveryhealthy.W:Theappleslookreallygoodtoday.Let’spickupsome,too.Plusweneedtogetsomebananas.Wouldyoulikesomemilkorcheese?M:No,theyarenotmytaste.W:Thencanyougetaboxoficecream?M:Sure,Iloveicecreambest.W:Ithinkthat’severythingweneed.Let’sgohomeandcookdinner.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatis“PeopleYouMeet”?A.Anofficeparty. B.Atrainingcourse. C.Aradioprogram.14.HowmanypeopledoesMark’sofficereceiveeveryyear?A.100,000. B.200,000. C.500,000.15.WhatdoweknowaboutMark?A.Heisateamleader.B.HewasborninLondon.C.Hespeaksthirteenlanguages.16.WhatdoMarkandhisCoworkersusuallydotohelpvisitorsfromoverseas?A.Showthemaround. B.Plantoursforthem. C.TeachthemEnglish.【答案】13.C14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whenwilltheracebeheldthisyear?A.OnMay11th. B.OnMay23rd. C.OnMay24th.18.Wheredoestheracestart?A.Atthefootballground. B.Onthenorthsideofthepark. C.Atthemainentranceofthepark.19.Whatcaneveryrunnergetthisyear?A.Awaterbottle. B.ATshirt. C.Apairofrunningshoes.20.Whocanrunintheracefreeofcharge?A.Childrenundertheageof8.B.Childrenbetween8and15.C.Adultswhohaveregisteredinadvance.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mCarolJohnson,theorganizerofthisyear’sAbingtonFunRun.I’mdelightedtotellyouthatthisyearitwillbeheldonMay24th.It’sopentorunnersofanyage.ThecourseofthefunrunwillbethroughthebeautifulenvironmentofAbingtonParkandthetotaldistancewillbethreekilometers,startingandfinishingatthefootballground.That’sonthesouthsideofthepark,veryclosetothemainentrance.AbingtonFunRunisaraceinwhichtherearenowinnersorlosers.Everyonewhotakespartwillbegivensomethingtoremembertheday.LastyearitwasaTshirt.Thisyearitwillbeawaterbottle.Thecostforadultsis$8ifyouregisterinadvanceor$10ontheday.Anychildundertheageof15cantakepartforfreebutthere’salowestagelimitof8.Ifyouwouldliketojoininit,entryformsandaninformationpackwithlotsofusefultipsforimprovingyourfitnessandpreparingfortherunareavailablefromanynewsagent’s.Seeyouthere.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheBestPlacesforCampingNearPortlandLostLakeWith148campsites,LostLakehasplentyofroomforeveryonewhowantstogocampingnearPortland.Inadditiontoaplacetoparkupforthenight,theparkalsohasnumeroustrailstoexplore,apublicboatlaunchandafishingdock(码头).Buttherearenoelectricalconnectionsavailable.Price:Tentsitesrangefrom$29$32dependingontheirlocation.TheVintagesTrailerResortLocatedintheheartoftheWillametteValley,campinginavintagetrailercanbealotoffun,offeringauniquelodgingexperience.Itisaprettyluxuriousexperience,withterryclothrobes,pourovercoffee,andbreathtakingviewsoftheneighboringvineyards.Thereareplentythingstodointhesurroundingvalley,butprimarilyitisoneofthenation’stopwineproducingregions.Price:Eachtrailervaries.BeaverCampgroundLocatedinbetweenhugeoldmapletreesandsycamores(悬铃木),BeaverCampgroundmakesagreatplacetostay.Thesurroundingforestisagreatplacetoexplore,andasthecampgroundsaresmall,withonly24campsites,youwillreallyfeelasthoughyouareinthemiddleofnowhere.Price:Between$20$100anight.OxbowRegionalParkOneofthemostpicturesqueplacestogocamping,theperfectplaceforswimming,rafting,fishingandmuchmore,theparkoffers74driveupcampsites,eachofwhicheswithapicnictable,firepit,andcookinggrill,andtherearealso12RVsites.Price:$22anight21.WhatcanyoudointheLostLake?A.Swiminthelake. B.Useyourricecooker.C.Takepartinwateractivities. D.Explorethesurroundingforest.22.Wherewillawinelovermostwanttogo?A.LostLake. B.BeaverCampground.C.TheVintagesTrailerResort. D.OxbowRegionalPark.23.Whatcanbeknownaboutthepriceofthefourplaces?A.BeaverCampgroundchargesthemost.B.Pricerangesfromplacetoplace.C.Allplacescarryoutthesamepricingpolicy.D.OxbowRegionalParkenjoysthelowestprice.【答案】21.C22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍波特兰附近的四个各具特色的露营地。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据LostLake部分“theparkalsohasnumeroustrailstoexplore,apublicboatlaunchandafishingdock(码头).(公园里还有许多可供探索的小径、一艘公共游船和一个钓鱼码头)”可知，在LostLake有一艘公共游船和一个钓鱼码头，所以可以进行水上活动。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据TheVintagesTrailerResort部分“Thereareplentythingstodointhesurroundingvalley,butprimarilyitisoneofthenation’stopwineproducingregions.(周围的山谷有很多事情可做，但主要是它是全国顶级的葡萄酒产区之一。)”可知，TheVintagesTrailerResort是全国顶级的葡萄酒产区之一，所以爱喝红酒的人应该是会到这个地方来体验。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据LostLake部分“Price:Tentsitesrangefrom$29$32dependingontheirlocation.(价格：帐篷场地的价格从29美元到32美元不等，具体取决于它们的位置。)”，TheVintagesTrailerResort部分“Price:Eachtrailervaries.(价格：每辆拖车各不相同。)”，BeaverCampground部分“Price:Between$20$100anight.(价格：每晚20至100美元。)”和OxbowRegionalPark部分“Price:$22anight(价格：每晚22美元)”可知，4个地方的价格各不相同。故选B。BJoseAlbertoGutierrez’slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthegarbage20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighborhoodsatnightandseeingdesertedbooks.Itsparkedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Hetookhomebetween50and60bookseverymorningafterhisninehourshift.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoamunitylibrary.Colombia’scapitalcityofBogotahas13millionresidentsand19publiclibraries.However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorermunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnonexistentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.HavingaccesstoalibraryofbooksandbeingtakenawaytoanotherworldwhileimmersedinabookisaluxuryforthekidswhovisitGutierrez’slibrary.Gutierrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasakeenreaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutierrez,whoneverletalackofformaleducationstophimfromreadingclassicsbythelikesofVictorHugo,MarioVargasLlosaandGabrielGarciaMarquez.Today,hismunitylibrary,called“TheStrengthofWords”,occupiesmostofhishomeandispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnonfictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20,000books!TheStrengthofWordslibraryopenseveryweekend.ItisnotjustschoolgoingchildrenwhoareenjoyingthebenefitsofTheStrengthofWordslibrary.Adultsarealsoweletoexpandtheirhorizonsanddevelopnewskillstobuildabetterlifeforthemselves.Despitehavingdonesomuchforhismunity,Gutierrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday.HecontinuestosearchthroughbinsforreadingmaterialandhaseventravelledtobookfairsinMexicoandChiletosellhisideaofbuildinglibraryfromunwantedbooks.24.WhatinspiredGutierreztobuildthemunitylibrary?A.Famousnovelistshelikedverymuch.B.Thedilemmahefacedonthenightshift.C.Abandonedbookshecameacrossatwork.D.Thehobbyhehastakenupsincechildhood.25.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Gutierrez’smotherwasagoodreader.B.Gutierrezwasgreatlyinfluencedbyhismother.C.Gutierrezledadifficultlifeduringhischildhood.D.Gutierrezhadadisadvantageofpooreducation.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGutierrez?A.Responsibleandambitious. B.Humbleandthoughtful.C.mittedandsensitive. D.Creativeandcourageous.27.WhatdoesGutierrez’sstorytellus?A.Abookholdsahouseofgold.B.Constantdroppingwearsthestone.C.Goodthingsetothosewhowait.D.Oneman’strashisanotherman’streasure.【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了清洁工Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighborhoodsatnightandseeingdesertedbooks.Itsparkedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Hetookhomebetween50and60bookseverymorningafterhisninehourshift.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoamunitylibrary.(这件事发生在他晚上开着垃圾车经过富裕社区，看到了被遗弃的书时。这激发了他开始从垃圾中拯救书籍的愿望。在9小时的轮班后，他每天早上带回家50到60本书。最后，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。)”可知，Gutierrez在工作中偶然发现的废弃书籍启发了他创建社区图书馆。故选C项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Gutierrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasakeenreaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutierrez,whoneverletalackofformaleducationstophimfromreadingclassicsbythelikesofVictorHugo,MarioVargasLlosaandGabrielGarciaMarquez.(Gutierrez出身贫寒，他的家庭负担不起他小学以后的教育费用。然而，他的母亲是一个热心的读者，每天晚上读故事给他听。她对书籍的热爱给Gutierrez留下了深刻的印象，他从不让缺乏正规教育阻止他阅读维克多·雨果、马里奥·巴尔加斯·略萨和加布里埃尔·加西亚·马尔克斯等人的经典作品)”可知，本段主要讲述了Gutierrez的母亲对书籍的热爱给Gutierrez带来得巨大影响。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Colombia’scapitalcityofBogotahas13millionresidentsand19publiclibraries.However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorermunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnonexistentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.HavingaccesstoalibraryofbooksandbeingtakenawaytoanotherworldwhileimmersedinabookisaluxuryforthekidswhovisitGutierrez’slibrary.(哥伦比亚首都波哥大拥有1300万居民和19个公共图书馆。然而，这些图书馆往往远离农村和贫困社区。对于入不敷出的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是不存在的。对于参观Gutierrez图书馆的孩子们来说，能够进入图书馆，沉浸在书中，被带到另一个世界是一种奢侈)”可知，Gutierrez考虑到贫困家庭买不起新书，孩子没有书可读，说明Gutierrez对他人的关心；根据最后一段“Despitehavingdonesomuchforhismunity,Gutierrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday.(尽管为他的社区做了这么多，古铁雷斯还不满足于现在就结束)”可知，Gutierrez认为自己做的还不够，是谦虚的。所以Gutierrez是谦逊而体贴的。故选B项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“Itsparkedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Hetookhomebetween50and60bookseverymorningafterhisninehourshift.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoamunitylibrary.(这激发了他开始从垃圾中拯救书籍的愿望。在9小时的轮班后，他每天早上带回家50到60本书。最后，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。)”可知，本文讲述了Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。所以D项“变废为宝”最契合文章主题。故选D项。CAngusNeishdaredtohopethathisfinelookingcattle,bredatRodmeadFarminWiltshire,wouldnabaprizeattheRoyalBathandWestShowlastmonth.Theannualfair,heldnearSheptonMallet,inSomerset,isEngland’soldestandgrandest.Aswellasafiercelypetitivelivestockparade,itfeaturesMorrisdancing,sheepshearingandavintagefairground.Itsponychariotracesaresecondtonone.Manycontestantsperformedvigorouslybeforealargecrowd.100,000turnedoutforsomeofthethreedayshow.Britonsloveafair.Nooneissureexactlyhowmanyshowsthereareacrossthecountry,butatleast400daysofsuchruraleventshappenannuallyacrossthecountry.RoughlyoneintenBritonsattendthemeachyear.Itappearstheirpopularityisrising.InlateJune,itwastheturnoftheRoyalHighlandShow,nearEdinburgh,where217,000people—breakingarecordsetin2019—rolledup.Itisestimatedthattheeventlastyearboostednearbybusinessesbyalmost£40m($51m).Whydopeoplego?Nostalgia(怀旧)isevidentlyadraw.AtBathandWest,ascoloredflagsflapped,visitorsformedqueues,boughtcreamteasandlistenedasamilitarybandplayedwartimehits.Ruralshowsalsohaveapurpose.Manyfairswerefoundedtospreadtheknowledgeofnewfarmingtechnologyamongruralpopulations.Someofthatmissionliveson.Asecondarygoalistobettereducatethosewhofloodinfromtownsandcities—urbanfolkmakeupadecentshareofthosewhopackthegrounds.Someconsumersalsoearmedwithpowerfulknowledgeoffoodsupplychains—aswellassometimespickypersonalpreferencesfororganic,local,animalfriendlyandenvironmentallysoundproducts.LauraWilliams,oftheRoyalWelshShow,notesthatvisitorsare“muchmoreinvestedinfarmingandinterestedinwheretheirfoodesfrom”thaninyearspast.Alastpurpose,naturally,isforfarmerstoexcelagainsttheirrivalsinfriendlypetition.Inthisrespect,Mr.Neishenjoyedanutterlysuccessfulday.InafirstforBathandWest,hiscattlescoopedallfourofthetopprizesonofferintheircategories.Suchvictoriesdonotbringimmediate,largefinancialrewards,butshouldboostthereputationofhisbreedingprogram.28.Whatdoweknowaboutthefairlastmonth?A.Itsawhighattendances.B.Itwasamonthlyshow.C.Itwasafierceartpetition.D.ItconveyedBritishmoralvalues.29.What’sthepurposeoftheshows?A.Tonarrowtheurbanruralgap.B.Topromotewartimehitrecords.C.Toofferaninsightintofarming.D.Toerasepetitionamongfarmers.30.WhatwillMr.NeishgainfromBathandWest?A.Aninstantprofit.B.Marketingstrategies.C.Achancetoadvertise.D.Anacademicreputation.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Ruralshows:Victors’stageB.Massesoffarmers:TruewinnersC.Farmproducts:SweepingBritishD.Funofthefair:Gainingpopularity【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国人喜欢农业展会的原因。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Theannualfair,heldnearSheptonMallet,inSomerset,isEngland’soldestandgrandest.(这个每年一度的展览会在萨默塞特郡谢普顿马利特附近举行，是英格兰最古老、最盛大的展览会。)”和“Manycontestantsperformedvigorouslybeforealargecrowd.100,000turnedoutforsomeofthethreedayshow.(许多选手在一大群人面前表演得很卖力。10万人参加了为期三天的展览。)”可知，上个月举办的展览会是英格兰最古老、最盛大的展览会，而且有10万人参加。由此可推测出，这场展览会的出席人数很多。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Asecondarygoalistobettereducatethosewhofloodinfromtownsandcities—urbanfolkmakeupadecentshareofthosewhopackthegrounds.(第二个目标是更好地教育那些从城镇涌入的人，城市居民在那些拥挤的人群中占相当大的比例。)”可知，举办这些展览会是为了教育那些来自城镇的人，让他们了解农业。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“InafirstforBathandWest,hiscattlescoopedallfourofthetopprizesonofferintheircategories.Suchvictoriesdonotbringimmediate,largefinancialrewards,butshouldboostthereputationofhisbreedingprogram.(在巴斯和西部的第一次比赛中，他的牛获得了所有提供比赛类别中的四个奖项。这样的胜利不会立即带来巨大的经济回报，但应该提高他的育种计划的声誉。)”可知，Neish先生所取得的胜利不会带来即时经济回报，但会提高他的育种计划的声誉，由此可推测出，他会从这场展览会中获得一个为自家农场繁育品种做广告的机会。故选C。【31题详解】标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Britonsloveafair.(英国人喜欢展览会。)”和“Itappearstheirpopularityisrising.(看来它们的人气正在上升。)”以及第四段中的“Whydopeoplego?(人们为什么要去？)”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了农业展览会越来越受人们的推崇，并解释了人们喜爱它的原因，由此可推测出，D项“展会的乐趣：日益风行”最适合作本文标题。故选D。DThere’sasonginyourhead.Youkeephearingitrepeatedly.Youcan’tmakeitstop,andit’sdrivingyoucrazy!Hasthishappenedtoyou?Maybeyouhavesufferedfromanearworm,whichisamemoryofasong.Earwormsaremon.Astudyshowedthat90percentofpeopleexperiencethem.Whydowegetearworms?AccordingtoneurologistOliverSacks,musicaffectsuswhetherwepayattentiontoitornot.We’resurroundedbymusicallthetimeinoureverydaylives.Sackswondersifthereisahigherincidenceofearwormstodaybecauseofallthismusicinourenvironment.ResearchontheprimaryauditorycortexsupportsSack’sideas.Theauditorycortexisthepartofthebrainthatprocessessound.It’sashorttermstoragesystemforsmallamountsofauditoryinformation.Someofthisauditoryinformationisforgotten,andsomeofitgoesintolongtermmemory.However,songsappeartostayintheauditorycortexforalongtime.JamesKellaris,aprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofCincinnati,thinksthatonlycertaintypesofsongsbeeearworms.Thesesongsarerepetitive,simple,andincongruous—somethingunexpectedsuchasunevenrhythm.Yourbrainpaysalotofattentiontoasonglikethis,Kellarissays.Becauseitisrepetitiveandunusual,itstayslongerintheauditorycortex.Atthatpoint,Kellarisbelieves,itbeesanannoyingearworm.Advertisersoftenusejingles—shortsongsthatareeasytoremembertopromotesales.Advertiserswantjinglestostickinpeople’smindstokeepthemthinkingabouttheirproducts.ItseemsthatadvertisershavelearnedwhatKellarishasfoundoutinhisresearch.Isthereanywaytogetridofanearworm?HerearesometipsKellariscollected:replacetheearwormsongwithanothersongtrytodistractyourselfbydoinganintenseactivitysuchasexercising,ortellsomeoneaboutyourearworm.Whatifnoneofthesestrategieswork?Thenperhapsyoushouldjustsitbackandtrytoenjoythemusicinyourhead!32.Howdoestheauthorleadtothetopic?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Bydescribingaphenomenon.C.Bydrawingaconclusion. D.Byclarifyingaquestion.33.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbymentioning“auditorycortex”?A.Themechanismofearworms. B.Thelastingeffectofmemory.C.Thenecessityoftheresearch. D.Thesignificanceofmusic.34.Inwhichparagraphdoestheauthorexplainthefeaturesoftheearwormmusic?A.Paragraph2. B.Paragraph3. C.Paragraph4. D.Paragraph5.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Earworms—theSongsinYourHead B.Jingles—theTypicalEarwormsC.HowDoEarwormsChangeOurLife? D.HowDoWeLivewithEarworms?【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了耳虫症时有发生，一项研究表明，90%的人都有过这种经历。文章解释了为什么会发生这种情况以及这种情况在现实生活中的应用。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“There’sasonginyourhead.Youkeephearingitrepeatedly.Youcan’tmakeitstop,andit’sdrivingyoucrazy!Hasthishappenedtoyou?Maybeyouhavesufferedfromanearworm,whichisamemoryofasong.(你的脑海里有首歌。你不断地听到它。你无法让它停下来，它让你发疯了！你遇到过这种情况吗？也许你患有耳虫症，这是对一首歌的记忆)”可推知，作者通过描述一个现象引出主题。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theauditorycortexisthepartofthebrainthatprocessessound.It’sashorttermstoragesystemforsmallamountsofauditoryinformation.Someofthisauditoryinformationisforgotten,andsomeofitgoesintolongtermmemory.However,songsappeartostayintheauditorycortexforalongtime.(听觉皮层是大脑中处理声音的部分。这是一个储存少量听觉信息的短期存储系统。有些听觉信息会被遗忘，有些则会进入长期记忆。然而，歌曲似乎在听觉皮层停留了很长时间)”可推知，作者提到“听觉皮层”是想要解释耳虫的机制。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“JamesKellaris,aprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofCincinnati,thinksthatonlycertaintypesofsongsbeeearworms.Thesesongsarerepetitive,simple,andincongruous—somethingunexpectedsuchasunevenrhythm.Yourbrainpaysalotofattentiontoasonglikethis,Kellarissays.Becauseitisrepetitiveandunusual,itstayslongerintheauditorycortex.Atthatpoint,Kellarisbelieves,itbeesanannoyingearworm.(辛辛那提大学市场营销学教授JamesKellaris认为，只有某些类型的歌曲才会成为“耳朵虫”。这些歌曲是重复的，简单的，不协调的——一些意想不到的东西，比如不均匀的节奏。你的大脑会对这样的歌曲给予很多关注，Kellaris说。因为它是重复的和不寻常的，它在听觉皮层停留的时间更长。凯拉里斯认为，在这一点上，它变成了一个烦人的耳虫)”可推知，作者在第四段解释了耳虫音乐的特点。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’sasonginyourhead.Youkeephearingitrepeatedly.Youcan’tmakeitstop,andit’sdrivingyoucrazy!Hasthishappenedtoyou?Maybeyouhavesufferedfromanearworm,whichisamemoryofasong.(你的脑海里有首歌。你不断地听到它。你无法让它停下来，它让你发疯了！你遇到过这种情况吗？也许你患有耳虫症，这是对一首歌的记忆)”可知，文章主要说明了耳虫症时有发生，一项研究表明，90%的人都有过这种经历，并解释了为什么会发生这种情况以及这种情况在现实生活中的应用。由此可知，A选项“耳朵虫——你脑子里的歌”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wheneveryoupickupanappleandpreparetoeatityoumaynoticeasmallstickerattachedtothefruitwitharowoffourorfivenumbersonit.ThatstringofnumbersissomethingcalledaPriceLookUp(PLU)code.____36____It’sdesignedtohelpsupermarketsgettoknowtheirinventory(库存)offruitsandvegetables,andtomakeiteasyforcheckoutclerkstoknowwhattochargeforaparticularitem.Thus,youcangetthroughthelineandoutofthedoormorequickly.Fromthecode,youcanalsoknowwhatspecificvarietyofaparticularfruitorvegetableyou’regoingtoenjoy—whetherit’saHoneycrispappleoraShamoutiorange.Anditmaytellyouthesizeofthefruitorvegetable.____37____Youmayknowwhetheritwasgrownconventionally(常规地)oronanorganicfarm.AvolunteermitteedevelopedPLUsin1988.OneimportantreasonwhyPLUswereinventedwastoenablesupermarketstotellthedifferencebetweenconventionallygrownfruitsandvegetablesandhigherpricedorganicfood.Asorganicproducewasbeingintroducedthen,cashiersoftenwronglysolditattheconventionalprice.____38____Therearenowmorethan1,500differentPLUsinusearoundtheglobe.____39____Justtypeinthecodefromastickeronapieceoffruit,anditwilltellyouthat3114,forexample,referstoanextralargegreenmango,belongingtotheKeittorFrancisvarietiesofthatfruit.____40____Theproduceindustryhasbeentryingtodevelopbiodegradable(可生物降解的)PLUstickers,butit’sdifficulttodothat.Eventually,PLUstickersmaybereplacedaltogetherbylasersthatmarkthecodesonfruitsandvegetables.A.Thefunctionisfairlysimple.B.PLUcodeshavealonghistory.C.Youprobablythinkorganicfoodishealthier.D.TheappearanceofPLUshelpedsolvethisproblem.E.Besides,itshowswherethefruitorvegetableesfrom.F.Thefutureoffruitandvegetablestickersisstilluncertain.G.YoucanusethePLUsearchapptoknowwhataparticularonemeans.【答案】36.A37.E38.D39.G40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水果蔬菜上面贴的PLU（价格查询代码）的用途，由来以及随着技术的发展，它可能会被标记水果和蔬菜代码的激光所代替。【36题详解】下文“It’sdesignedtohelpsupermarketsgettoknowtheirinventory(库存)offruitsandvegetables,andtomakeiteasyforcheckoutclerkstoknowwhattochargeforaparticularitem.(它旨在帮助超市了解他们的水果和蔬菜库存，并让收银员更容易知道特定商品的收费)”说明发明PLU代码的目的以及用途。空处引出下文，说明PLU代码的功能其实非常的简单，就是让超市了解水果蔬菜的库存以及让收银员知道特定商品的价格。A项“功能相当简单。”符合语境。故选A。【37题详解】上文“Anditmaytellyouthesizeofthefruitorvegetable.(它可能会告诉你水果或蔬菜的大小)”说明从PLU标签中可知知道水果或蔬菜的大小。空处和前文为递进关系，同时说明能够从PLU代码获取什么信息。E项中的it指代前文中的code，说明除了知道水果或蔬菜的大小之外，它还可以让人们知道蔬菜或水果来自哪里。E选项“此外，它还显示了水果或蔬菜的来源。”符合语境。故选E。【38题详解】上文“Asorganicproducewasbeingintroducedthen,cashiersoftenwronglysolditattheconventionalprice.(由于当时引入了有机农产品，收银员经常错误地以传统价格出售)”说明收银员经常错误将有机农产品以传统产品的价格出售。空处给出解决此问题的办法。D项中的“thisproblem”指代前文中的“cashiersoftenwronglysolditattheconventionalprice”，说明D项“PLU的出现帮助解决了这个问题”符合语境。故选D。【39题详解】下文“Justtypeinthecodefromastickeronapieceoffruit,anditwilltellyouthat3114,forexample,referstoanextralargegreenmango,belongingtotheKeittorFrancisvarietiesofthatfruit.(例如，只要输入水果贴纸上的代码，它就会告诉你，3114指的是一个超大的绿色芒果，属于该水果的Keitt或Francis品种)”说明输入水果贴纸上的代码会获得什么样的信息。空处承上启下。G项中的“whataparticularonemeans”和上文中的“morethan1,500differentPLUsinuse”相呼应，“thePLUsearchapp”和下文中的“typeinthecode”相呼应，说明G项“您可以使用PLU搜索应用程序来了解特定代码的含义”符合语境。故选G。【40题详解】下文“Theproduceindustryhasbeentryingtodevelopbiodegradable(可生物降解的)PLUstickers,butit’sdifficulttodothat.Eventually,PLUstickersmaybereplacedaltogetherbylasersthatmarkthecodesonfruitsandvegetables.(农产品行业一直在努力开发可生物降解的PLU贴纸，但很难做到这一点。最终，PLU标签可能会被标记水果和蔬菜代码的激光完全取代)”说明PUL代码在未来可能会被标记水果和蔬菜代码的激光完全取代。F项“水果和蔬菜贴纸的未来仍不确定。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领本段。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处