Unit 3 Language in use Module 4 Rules and suggestions初中英语课件

Unit3LanguageinuseModule4Module4

Rulesandsuggestions目录语法聚焦01课堂小测02语法聚焦情态动词一、定义：情态动词没有人称和数的变化,但有一定的意义;不能单独使用,必须与动词原形一起构成谓语;表示说话者的态度、情感以及对某一行为或状态的看法或态度。二、情态动词的用法归纳情态动词用法举例can表示具有某种能力,意思是“能,会”,与beableto的意义基本相同,但can只用于一般现在时和一般过去时,而beableto能用于多种时态Icanswim.我会游泳。Canyou/Willyoubeabletoworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem?你能解答出这道数学难题吗?can表示可能性,意为“可能,可以”Ithinkwecanfindthewaytothemuseum.我认为我们可以找到去博物馆的路。表示许可,意为“可以”,相当于mayCan/MayIcomein?我可以进来吗?Youcan/mayleavenow.你现在可以离开了。cancan的过去式是could。could常代替can来委婉地向对方提出请求或者表示看法,是一种有礼貌的说法,此时could不表示过去时态—Couldyouhelpme?你能帮我个忙吗?—Yes,Ican.是的,我能。may用来征求对方的许可,意思是“允许,可以”(此时答语比较灵活)—MayIaskyouaquestion?我可以问你个问题吗?—Sure./Yes,please.当然可以。/可以,请说。may表示说话人的猜测和对事实可能性的判断,意为“可能,也许”Hemayknowmytelephonenumber.他有可能知道我的电话号码。在祈使句中,表示祝愿、希望等Mayyoubehappyeveryday!祝你天天快乐!must表示说话人的主观意志,意为“一定,必须”,没有人称和数的变化,其否定答语通常用needn't或don'thaveto,意为“不必”—MustIgohomenow?我必须现在回家吗?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.是的,你必须。/不,你不必。mustmust的否定形式为mustnot/mustn't,意为“不许(做某事),一定不要”,表示命令、禁止、告诫Youmustn'tbelateforclass.你上课不许迟到。注意：对事情的肯定猜测用must,否定猜测用can'tHemustbeatworknow.他现在一定在工作。Hecan'tbeathome.他不可能在家。need注意：在need引起的一般疑问句中,用must作肯定回答,用needn't作否定回答—Needshewatertheflowers?她需要浇花吗?—Yes,shemust./No,sheneedn't.是的,她必须浇。/不,她不需要浇。couldcould既是can的过去式,本身也是情态动词,语气较为委婉Couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?你能把垃圾倒了吗?shall用于表示建议、邀请或征求对方的意见时,语气较为委婉,多和第一人称搭配Shallwegocampingthisafternoon?今天下午我们去野营好吗?should表示应该、义务,意为“应该”,否定形式是shouldn’t,意为“不应该”Youshouldaskyourparentsforhelp.你应该向你的父母求助。shall用于表示建议、邀请或征求对方的意见时,语气较为委婉,多和第一人称搭配Shallwegocampingthisafternoon?今天下午我们去野营好吗?haveto强调受客观原因所迫而不得不做某事。主语是第三人称单数时,要用hasto。haveto变否定或疑问句时要借助助动词do的相应形式Shehastostayathomeandlookafterhersickmother.她不得不待在家里,照顾她生病的妈妈。Doyouhavetogo?你非得走吗?hadbetter后跟动词原形。hadbetterdosth.意为“最好做某事”；否定结构是hadbetternotdosth.You'dbettertaketheadvice.你最好接受这个建议。课堂小测一、根据句意及首字母提示，用适当的情态动词填空，每空一词1.Ifyouwanttogoswimming,rememberyou_____gowithanadult(成年人).2.—____Iparkmycarhereforashortwhile?—Sorry,it'snotallowedtoparkhere.mustMay3.You______careaboutwhatpeoplethink.Anyway,you'renotaloneinthisworld.4.Idon'tthinkI____eatupallthefood.I'malreadyfullnow.5.—____wegetourjobdonetonight?—Yes,youmust.shouldcanNeed二、找出下列句子的错误，并在横线上进行更正6.Themanisfeelingmuchbetternow,soyoumustn'tcalladoctor.________________________________________7.IamnotsurewhatIwilldonextweek.Imustworkinanoldpeople'shome.________________________________________mustn’t改为needn’tmust改为may8.It'shalfpasttwo.Ithinkwehadbetternottostayinbed.________________________________________9.Someteachersinthisschoolmustliveoutbecausethere'renotenoughdormitories.________________________________________hadbetternotto改为hadbetternotmust改为haveto10.Someonecan’tbeathomebecausethelightinthehouseisstillon.________________________________________can’t改为must三、单项填空（语法专练）（）11.—MustIfinishtheworktonight?—No,you.Butyoufinishittomorrow.A.can’t;needB.mustn’t;mayC.needn’t;mustD.mustn’t;canC（）12.—IsthemanoverthereMrBrown?—Ithim.HehasgonetoBrazil.A.maynot

B.can'tbe

C.shouldn't

D.mustn'tB（）13.—Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?—Bythedayaftertomorrow.youfinishitontime?A.May;Can

B.Must;NeedC.Could;Must

D.Need;WouldA（）14.—Couldyoupleasegotothecinemawithmethisafternoon?—Sorry,I_____.I_____takeapianolessonat2pm.A.couldn’t;haveto

B.can’t;wouldC.can’t;haveto

D.couldn’t;willC（）15.Pleaseturnoffyourcomputernow!

Youplayonittoolong.A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’tB四、语法选择（核心素养：语言能力）

Accordingtoanewsurvey,students'safetyhasbecomeabigproblem.Manystudentsareinjuredor__16__indifferentkindsofaccidents.Hereissomeadviceforyoungstudents__17__howtodealwithdanger.

Ifyouarerobbed(被抢劫),keepcalm.Ifyoucannotcryforhelporrunaway,givetherobber(强盗)yourmoney.Trytoremember__18__andtellthepolicelater.Supposeyouarein__19__trafficaccident.Ifacar__20__you,youshouldrememberthecarnumber.Ifitisabicycle,trytocallyourparentsbeforeyoulettheridergo.Thisis__21__youdon'tknowhowseriouslyyouarehurt.Ifitisraining__22__andthereislightning,__23__inhighplacesandstayawayfromtrees.Whenthereisafireinabuilding,getawayasfastasyou__24__.Putwetthingsonyourbodyandtrytofindanexit(出口).Don'ttakethelift.Ifsomeoneisdrowning(溺水)andyou__25__swim,don'tgetintothewater.Tryyourbesttoaskforhelp.Rememberthatdangerisneverasfarawayasyouthink.Takecareofyourselfatalltimes!

(

)16.A.kill

B.killed

C.kills

D.killing

(

)17.A.with

B.in

C.on

D.at

(

)18.A.howdoestherobberlooklike

B.whoistherobberlike

C.whatdoestherobberlooklike

D.whattherobberlookslike

(

)19.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./BCDA

(

)20.A.hit