2024年北京市大兴市中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

大兴区2023〜2024学年度第二学期期中检测

初三英语

2024.04

考生须知

1.本试卷共10页，共两部分，共38题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5.考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。

第一部分

本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空（每小题0.5分，共6分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Look!Someclassmatesareflyingkites.Lefsjoin.

A.themB.himC.youD.us

2.QingmingFestivaloftenfalls________earlyApril.It?sagoodtimetopicktealeaves.

AonB.inC.atD.to

3.Ifsgoingtorain.Wemusthurrytogohome,_______wewillgetwet.

AandB.soC.butD.or

4.一________doyougotobookstore,Mary?

一Twiceamonth.

A.HowoftenB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howsoon

5.一MustIhandinmyposteronFriday?

一No,you________.YoucanhanditinnextMonday.

A.needn,tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.mustn't

6.一Jack,whichseasondoyoulike________?

一Spring,ofcourse.

A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best

7.Lastyearthegovernment________manyAIclassroomsforschools.

A.buildsB.builtC.isbuildingD.willbuild

8.一Whatareyoudoing,Jack?

一Ipapercuttingthroughshortvideos.

A.learnB.willlearnC.waslearningD.amlearning

9.Weupwithmoreideasiftheteachergivesusmoretimeinclass.

AcomeB.cameC.willcomeD.havecome

10.Bobamemberoftheschoolscienceclubfortwoyears.

A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe

11.JourneytotheWestinthe16thcenturybyWuCheng'en.

A.writesB.wroteC.waswrittenD.willbewritten

12.一Couldyoutellme?

——Shewenttheretodovolunteerwork.

A.whydidMissSungotoXinjiangB.whyMissSunwenttoXinjiang

C.whendidMissSungotoXinjiangD.whenMissSunwenttoXinjiang

二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

ASpecialJob

Thedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsforallthechildrenintheclass.

Ittookplaceduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Onthatday,everychildwasgivena/an13forwhichthey

wouldberesponsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.

Somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenoneofthebestones.

Whengivingthemout,theteacherwouldthinkofwhichpupilshadbeenthemostresponsibleduringthelastyear.

Ritawasakindandquietgirl,andduringthelastyearRitahadcarriedouttheteacher'sinstructionsperfectly.So

allthechildrenknewshewasthe14tobegiventhebestjobofall.Butthatyeartherewasabigsurprise.

Eachchildreceivedoneofthenormaljobs,likepreparingthebooks,tellingthetime,orcleaningthe

blackboard.ButRita'sjobwasverydifferent.Shewasgivenalittleboxcontainingsomesandandoneant.And

eventhoughtheteacher15thatthisantwasaveryspecialant,Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed.

“WhywasIgivensuchaninsignificant（微不足道的）task?”Ritasaidtoherteacher16

“Ifyoucantakegoodcareoftheant,maybeyouwillgetasecretreward,9,theteacherexplained.

Infact,mostofherclassmatesalsofeltsorryforher,andremarked（评论）athowunfairitwasthatshehad

beengiventhatjob.

“Iwill17thislittletaskintosomethinggreat,Ritasaidtoherself.

ThenRitastartedstudyingeverythingaboutherlittleanfshabitats（栖息地）andbehaviorcarefully.She

18thelittleboxtomakeitperfectfortheant.Ritagavetheantthebestfood,anditendedupgrowing

quiteabitbiggerthananyonehadexpected...

Onedayamancameintotheclassroomandsaid,"Congratulations!Yourclasshasbeenchosentoajourneyto

therainforest,wherewewillstudyallkindsofinsects.Justbecauseyourclasshasbest19forthelittle

antgiventoyou.^^

Thatdaytheschoolwasfilledwithjoyandcelebration.Andwithoutdoubt,Ritawasmostpleasedatthis.And

manychildrenlearnedthattobegiventhemostimportanttasks,youhavetoknowhowtoberesponsibleevenin

the20tasks.

13.

A.homeworkB.jobC.animalD.prize

14.

A.favoriteB.talentC.leaderD.expert

15.

A.doubtedB.discoveredC.discussedD.insisted

16.

A.hopefullyB.patientlyC.proudlyD.sadly

17.

A.takeB.putC.turnD.divide

18.

A.improvedB.repairedC.paintedD.broke

19.

A.lookedB.caredC.calledD.fought

20.

A.worstB.fairestC.smallestD.safest

三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）

（一）阅读下列有关旅行地的介绍，请根据人物喜好匹配出最适合的旅行地，并将旅行地对

应的A、B、C、D四个选项填在相应位置上。选项中一项为多余选项。

A

FamousScenicSpots（景点）inChina

AB

TheTerracottaArmywasbuiltbytheJiuzhaigouNationalParkisinthenorthof

subjectsofQinShiHuang(China'sfirstSichuan.Itisfamousforattractivewaterfalls

emperor)morethan2,000yearsago.Itisandcolorfullakes.Itisaworldofwater,

knownastheEighthWonderoftheworld.whichbringsJiuzhaigouthemostfantastic

Thefiguresincludesoldiers,horses,officersviews.Manypeopleareamazedbyitsnatural

andmusicians.scenery.

D

C

MogaoGrottoofDunhuangissurelya

Zhuozhengyuanisoneoftheeightclassical

shiningstarontheSilkRoad.Thereisarich

gardensinSuzhou.Anditshowsthebeauty

collectionofpaintingsandsculptures(雕塑).

ofSuzhougardeningart.Youcanenjoythe

Itprovidesalotofvaluablematerialsfor

beautifulbuildings,gardensandKunqu

studyingthecultureofChina.

Operathere.

inChinesehistoryandmyfavoriteemperorisQinShiHuang.Iwanttolearn

liketraditionalChineseoperasverymuch.SoIwanttovisitaplacewhereIcanenjoy

Susan

them.

23.Ilovenature.Iprefertoseesomenaturalviews,suchasfamousmountains,greatriversand

wildplants.

（二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选

择最佳选项。

B

TheGreatestGift

OnChristmasEve,Georgefoundhimselfonabridgeoutsidehishometown.Hewassadbecausehethought

hislifehadbeenacompletewaste.Inthishopelessmoment,amysteriousmanappeared.Themanwonderedwhy

Georgewashereinsteadofstayingwithhisfamily.Georgetoldhimhedislikedhissimplelifeinthesmalltown.

Georgebelievedhewasjustaninsignificantbankerwithafamilydoingthesamethingeveryday.Withoutany

achievement,Georgewishedhehadneverbeenbornatall.Hopingtoteachhimalesson,themangranted（满足）

Georgehiswish.

Afterthemandisappeared,Georgetraveledbacktotown.Nothingappearedoutofplaceuntilhewalkedby

HankBiddle'stree.Thetreeshouldhavebeendamaged（毁坏）fromthetimeGeorgeranhiscarintoit.Butinthis

moment,thetreelookedlikeithadn'tbeenhit.Infact,herememberedclearlythathehadrunhiscarintoit.Soon,

Georgediscoveredthetownheknewsowelldidn'tknowhimatall-becausehehadneverbeenborn.

AsGeorgewalkedaroundtown,henoticedhewasastrangertoeveryone.Notonlythat,Georgelearnedthat

thelivesofhisfriendsandfamilyhadtakenaturnfortheworse.Forone,George?sjobasabankerwasreplacedby

anotherman.Becausethenewbankerwasgreedy（贪婪的），manypeople'sliveswerenegativelyaffected.

WithoutGeorge,thelivesofhisfamilymemberswerealsodisturbed.Georgelearnedthathisbelovedbrother,

whomhehadoncesavedfromdrowning（溺水），diedbecauseGeorgewasnottheretosavehim.Thedeathof

George5sbrothercontinuedtobringhugesadnesstotheirparents.GeorgealsofoundoutthatAlice,theloveofhis

life,endedupinadifficultmarriagewithsomeoneelse.

Georgerealizedthesedarkchangesmightstayforeverunlesshedidsomething.Hereturnedtothebridgeto

findthemanandbeggedforhislifeback.Onceagain,hiswishwasgranted.GeorgeracedbackhometohugAlice

andtheirchildrenonChristmas.Herealizedthatlifewastrulythegreatestandmostwonderfulgift.

24.WhatdidGeorgethinkofhislifebeforehemetthemysteriousman?

A.Wonderful.B.Busy.C.Hopeful.D.Simple.

25.WhenGeorgereturnedtothetown,hefound.

A.everyonetreatedhimasastranger

B.hisparentsweresadabouthisdeath

C.hisbrothersavedaperson

D.hebecameagreedybanker

26.AftertheChristmas,Georgewould.

A.feelboredwithhislifeB.valuehislifeandfamilymore

C.racehomefasterthanbeforeD.begthemysteriousmanformoney

C

Cleanelectricityisthepowerofthefuture,butengineersarefacingabigchallenge.Howcanwestore

electricitytobeusedattimeswhenthewindisnotblowingandthesunisnotshining?Insomecases,theanswer

willbebatteries;butinothercases,itcouldcomefromavarietyofdifferentsolutions-startingwithgravity.

GravityisthemostabundantsourceofpoweronEarth.Ifsalwaysbeeneverywheresincethebeginningof

time.Nobodyknewaboutituntilaround1700,whenIsaacNewtonsawanapplefallfromatreeinhisgarden.

Newtonaskedhimselfthequestion:"Whydidthatapplefalltotheground?”Andhesoonworkedouttheanswer.

Everythingwillfalltothegroundifitcandoso,becausethereisamassiveforcethatpullsthingstowardsthe

centeroftheearth.Newtondecidedtocallthisforce“gravity”,awordthatthenjustmeant"weight”.

Engineershaveusedgravityasasourceofpowerforcenturies,longbeforeNewtonfirstexplainedit.In

particular,theyusedgravitytomovewaterfromoneplacetoanothertoirrigate（灌;既）fieldsandbringwaterto

cities.Theyknewthatwaterwouldflowdownhill,butneveruphill,sotheybuiltstructurestousetheforceof

gravitymosteffectively.

In1907,engineersinSwitzerlandfirstusedgravityforanewpurpose:tostoreenergy.Theypumped（用泵才由

送）waterupahill,wheretheystoreditinalake.Thenwhentheyneededmoreelectricity,theyletthewatercome

backdownthehill,drivingelectricturbines（涡轮机）asitfell.Theideawasjustsosimple,anditisnowusedin

manypartsoftheworld.However,theproblemisthat"pumpedstorage^^hydroschemes（抽水蓄能水电方案）

can'tbebuiltjustanywhere,astheyneedlotsofwaterandbighillsormountains.

Someexpertsbelievethatgravitysystemsarethecheapestwaytostoreelectricity.Gravity-storedelectricityis

maybehalfthepriceofbattery-storedelectricity,butevensoitisnotcheap.Inordertomakegravitymore

effective,wewouldneedtoincreaseitsforce——andthat,ofcourse,isquiteimpossible.Yetgravityisnottheonly

wayofstoringenergy,andengineersareworkingonsystemsthatstoreitusingwaterpressureorcompressedair...

andevensand!

Storageisoneofthebigscientificchallengesofourtime,asstorageistheessentialpartnerofwindpowerand

solarpower.Weneedcleanelectricity24hoursaday,notjustwhenthesunisshiningorthewindisblowing.

27.Theword^abundant95inParagraph2probablymeans.

A.expensiveB.environmentalC.famousD.plentiful

28.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.

A.gravitysystemsarethecheapestwaytostoreelectricity

B.”pumpedstorage^^hydroschemescanbebuiltonsmallhills

C.engineersinSwitzerlandfirststoredenergybyusinggravitycreatively

D.expertshavealreadymadegravitymoreeffectivebyincreasingitsforce

29.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?

A.Totellthestoryoffindinggravity.

B.Toshowtheimportanceofgravity.

C.Tocallonpeopletousecleanelectricity.

D.Tointroduceagoodwaytostoreelectricity.

D

Itissoeasytodescribepeopleasbeingtalented.Justlookatanyheadlinepraisingapieceofartwork,music,

orothergreatfeat,andyouarelikelytoseetheword“talented"or"gifted”.However,isbeingtalentedatrue

markerofsuccess?

Somepeoplebelievethattalentplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessfast.Thosewithnaturalabilityina

particularfieldcanoftengainsuccessrapidlywithlesseffort.Forexample,apersonwithanaturalearformusic

mayfinditeasiertolearntoplayaninstrument.TakealookatWolfgangMozart.Hecomposedhisfirstmusical

masterpiece（杰作）attheageof5.Andattheageof7,hewentonhisfirsttourstoperformhisabilitiesforthe

world.

Intheprocessofhighlightingthe“natural“giftsofachievers,hardworkcangetlostinthemix.Theresultis

thatmany“talents“believetheyonlyneedtodependontheirinnate（内在的）abilitiesinordertoproducegreat

works.Inevitably,thiscanleadtodisappointment,frustration,andevenmentalhealthproblems,becausethereality

isthattalentaloneisnotenough.

Oneisoftenledtobelievethatbeingnaturallygiftedistheultimateprerequisite（最终的先决条件）for

successinanyfield.Butalmosteveryexampleofabigachievementinvolvessomedegreeofputtinginsome

amountofwork.Inathletics,forexample,standoutathletessuchasMichaelJordan,UsainBolt,andSerena

Williamsareoftenpraisedfortheirnaturalabilities.However,closeranalysisoftheircareersshowsthatthese

athletesspenthugechunksoftheirlivespracticing.

Asidefromworkinghard,talentcanonlybecomeusefuliftheownerofthattalentdoeswhatisnecessaryto

expand（拓展）it.Ifyourtalentisjustbeinggoodatplayingtheguitar,forinstance,thatabilitycanonlygetyouso

farbecausetherearemanyotherpeoplewhoalsoknowtheirwayaroundtheinstrument.Howwillyousetyourself

apartfromthecrowd?Youwoulddosobyfindingwaystoexpandyourguitar-playingcapabilities,whetherthat

meanslearningnewfingertricksormasteringdifferenttypesofguitars.Thenyouwillbemoresuccessfulthan

others.

Nothingiswrongwithhavingnaturalabilities.Afterall,everyoneisbomtobegoodatsomething.However,

findingsuccessatanylevel,andinanyfield,requiresmorethantalent.Therelationshipsyoucreatewithpeople

andhabitsyoudevelopalsoplayaroleinyourabilitytogrowyourcareer.But,ultimately,workinghardisthe

mainfactorastohowfaryoucango.

30.ThewriterusestheexampleofMozarttotellusthat.

A.naturalabilitycanhelpspeedupsuccess

B.beingfamousshouldbeasearlyaspossible

C.talentcantaketheplaceofeffortcompletely

D.everyoneisbomtobegoodatsomething

31.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Theresultofanartcompetition.

B.Theachievementsoffamoustalents.

C.Theproblemsofovervaluinginnateabilities.

D.Theprocessofproducinggreatworksbytalents.

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Hardworkhelpspeoplefindouttheirnaturalabilitieseasily.

B.Almosteverygreatachievementrequiresacertainamountofeffort.

C.Relationshipswithpeopleandhabitsaremoreimportantthantalent.

D.Talentedpeoplearemorelikelytosucceedthanhardworkingpeople.

33.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.

Ahardworkbringspeoplemoresuccessthantalentdoes

B.talentgivespeopleaheadstartinachievementsinanyfield

C.havingtalentisnotenoughtoensuresuccessunlesstalentisimproved

Dhardworkisnomorenecessaryunlessitisdonebypeoplesuccessfully

第二部分

本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。

四、阅读表达（34-36每题2分，第37小题4分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

ReadingwithTheFingertips（指尖）

LouisBraillewasborninFrancein1809.Whenhewasthree,heinjuredaneyeinanaccidentinhisfather^

workshop.Theinfection（感染）fromthewoundspreadtohisothereye.Withinayearhecouldn'tseeanything.

Whenhewasten,hewassenttoaschoolfortheblind.Studentstherelearnedbylisteningtotheirteachers.

Oneday,avisitorcametotheschool.HisnamewasCharlesBarbier.Hewastohaveagreatinfluenceon

Braille.Louiswasthentwelveyearsold.Barbierhadinventedanewwayofwriting.HehadhopedtheFrench

armywouldadopt（采纳）hismethod.Thiswritingwasdesignedtobeusedatnight.Soldierscouldreaditwithout

showingalight.Barbierhopedtheheadoftheschoolwhosestudentslivedtheirlivesindarknesscouldusehisway

ofwriting.

LouisBraillestoodoutamongthosestudents.Hismindwasquick.Hewaseagertolearn.Theheadofschool

invitedhimtomeetthevisitor.Barbierbegantoshowhowhiswritingworked.Braille'sinterestwasaroused.

Barbiertookasheetofthickpaper.Usingapointedinstrument,hepunchedaseriesofholestomakeraiseddots

（点）ontheothersideofthepaper.Thesedots