上海高考英语语法复习14虚拟语气

虚拟语气高三英语语法复习十四If虚拟条件句形式

从句主句与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反haddonewould/should/might/couldhavedonedid(were)would/should/might/coulddo1)2)3)would/should/might/coulddodid(were)shoulddoweretodo如果他们没有停工的话，那个新机场去年就已经建成了。Ifthey_________________workingonthenewairport,it__________________________lastyear.要是人类长有两个翅膀，那么出租车司机可定要失业了。Ifman___________________,taxidrivers_____________________________.hadnotstoppedwouldhavebeencompletedhadtwowingswouldcertainlylosetheirjobs假设明天下雨，运动会就会被推迟。Ifit______________________________tomorrow,thesportsmeet____________________.shouldrain/weretorain/rainedwouldbeputoff省略If倒装句

ShouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=Hadheseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.=IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.归纳：在if虚拟条件句从句中，假设含有助动词___________________,可以与主语_________。should,were,had倒装混合虚拟：〔从句表示过去，主句表示现在〕如果你在课堂上认真听过了老师的解释，你现在翻译这首诗歌就不会有困难了。Ifyou____________________________attentivelyinclass,you_________________________thepoemnow.hadlistenedtotheteacher’sexplanationwouldn’thavedifficultytranslating含蓄虚拟句

〔1〕Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier._________________我们早就到了。〔2〕Withoutyourhelp,theymighthavedied._______________他们可能已经死了。〔3〕Iwasbusylastweek.Otherwise,Iwouldhavecometoseeyou.〔=Iwouldhavecometoseeyoulastweek,butIwasbusy.〕要不是暴风雨没有你帮助否那么但是我当时太忙了Should型虚拟在表示______________等这类词后面的名词性从句中，要用_________。必背：两个命令：order,command四个建议：propose,suggest,recommend,advise六个要求：insist,demand,desire,request,require,ask命令，建议，要求虚拟语气insist和suggestYourpalefacesuggeststhatyou_____(be)ill.Heinsistedthathe____________(not,steal)thewallet.归纳：当suggest表示“___________”，insist表示“___________”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient______(be)seriouslyilland______________________(operate)onatonce.aredidn’tsteal注意：暗示，说明坚持认为was(should)beoperated主语从句中的虚拟Itisnecessarythatsomeimmediateeffort___________(make)应该Itisessentialthattheprogram_____________(load)intocomputer.应该Shethinksitofgreatimportancethataperson______(be)honest.应该Itissurprisingthathe_______________(learn)somuchinsuchashorttime.竟然ItisapitythatHenry_________(be)socareless.竟然shouldbemade.shouldbeloadedshouldbeshouldhavelearntshouldbeWish型与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反haddonedid(were)would/coulddo填写句子我希望我昨天来过。Iwish我希望我是一个超人。Iwish我希望有一天我能登上月亮。IwishIhadcomeyesterday.

Iwereasuperman.Iwouldlandonthemoonsomeday.Wish型Ifonly=但愿；要是…就好了asif/though好似〔从句时态同wish从句〕Iwish其他虚拟句1.Itis(high)timethatthechildren________________(go)tobed.2.Iwouldratheryou______(pay)themoneyyourselfnow.(________的愿望)Iwouldrathershe________(paint)thewallgreennexttime.(______的愿望)Iwouldrathershe___________(notdo)thatlasttime.(_______的愿望)shouldgo/went

paidhadn’tdone现在将来过去painted3.“本打算”

I___________________(visit)you,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.

表示没有实现的愿望和打算：hadhoped/expected/intended/meant/wanted/plannedtodo=hoped/expected/intended/meant/wanted/plannedtohavedone

was/weretohavedonehadplannedtovisit其他虚拟句4.情态动词+havedoneshouldhavedone=oughttohavedone___________shouldn’thavedone=oughtn’ttohavedone__________couldhavedone_______________________mighthavedone_______________________needn’thavedone_______________〔区别：didn’tneedtodo_____________〕本来应该做而没做本不该做却做了本来能够做但没做(没发挥应有能力)本来可以做但没做〔由于客观原因〕本不必