人教版高中英语选修七第4讲：Robots-语法篇(教师版)

第4讲Robots语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。一.含义与构成1.被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。2.构成：be+过去分词(be有时可用become或get代替),be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。3.被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be+过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/am/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedoneEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.RomeoandJulietwaswrittenbyShakespeare.Manybelievethatonedaytheearthwillbedestroyedifpeopledonotlearntoliveinpeace.进行时态：be+being+过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewill/shallbebeingdonewould/shouldbebeingdoneHisplanisbeingcarriedoutsuccessfully.Thenewcurtainswerebeinghungwhenthevisitorsshowedup.Thecarwillbebeingcleanedbymybrother.完成时态：have+been+过去分词现在过去将来过去将来have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendoneI’vebeenrobbed.Theoutcomeoftheelectionwasannouncedbeforeallofthevoteshadbeencounted.Everythingwillhavebeendonebytheendofthismonth.二.用法1.强调动作的承受者：Frankwashitbyacar.Anewideahasbeensuggested.2.说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.Thehouseisbeingrepaired.3.说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\"的词组，基本上由believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understand等组成，如：Itissaidthat…据说；Itisreportedthat…据报道；Itisbelievedthat…大家相信；Itishopedthat…大家希望；Itiswellknownthat…众所周知

ItissaidthatJapan’sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.(2015北京)——Didyouenjoytheparty?——Yes,we___byourhosts.A.weretreated B.wouldbetreated C.treated D.hadtreated答案:A解析:试题分析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。(2015重庆)Inmyhometown,thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheat____cut.willhavebeen B.willbe C.Was D.hasbeen答案:D解析:试题分析：句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故选D项。3.(2015天津)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement______sofarbythetwosides.A.hasbeenreached B.wasreached C.willreach D.willhavereached答案:A解析:试题分析:句意:尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语sofar“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。4.(2015四川)MoreexpresswaysinSichuansoontopromotethelocaleconomy.A.arebeingbuilt B.willbebuilt C.havebeenbuilt D.hadbeenbuilt答案:B解析:试题分析:考查时态。本句为时态题，根据时间状语soon可知，考查了将来时，故选择B。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。(2015福建)Tomydelight,Ifromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.A.waschosen B.wasbeingchosen C.wouldchoose D.hadchosen答案:A解析:试题分析:考查时态和语态。根据句意：让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的参加者中被选中参加开幕式。可以知道这里应该是被动语态，又因为被选中是过去发生的事情，这里只是对过去发生的事情的一般描述，故用一般过去式，故选A。基础演练1.Thiscoastalarea_________anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamed B.namedC.isnamedD.names2.ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune_________.A.ismade B.wouldmakeC.wastobemadeD.hadmade3.Thechurchtowerwhich_________willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasrestored B.hasbeenrestoredC.isrestoring D.isbeingrestored4.InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,the“r”soundsattheendofthewords_________.A.aredropped B.dropC.arebeingdroppedD.havedropped5.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_________atpresentinthedisasterarea.A.arebeingbuilt B.werebeingbuiltC.wasbeingbuilt D.isbeingbuiltKey:1-5ACDAD巩固提高6.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney–makingjobsthey_________beforetheyleavingtheirhometowns.A.promisedB.werepromised C.havepromisedD.havebeenpromised7.TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting_________atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo.A.areexhibiting B.isexhibitingC.arebeingexhibiting D.isbeingexhibiting8.You’vefailedtodowhatyou_________toandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.A.willexpectB.willbeexpectedC.expectedD.wereexpected9.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner.A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;haveC.donotkeep;willhaveto D.donotkeep;haveto10.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,are____andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped11.____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Yes，italldependsontheweather.A.I'vebeentold B.I'vetold C.I'mtold D.Itold12.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.A.hascompleted B.completes C.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted13.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut14.Thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned15.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaks B.hasbroken C.wasbroken D.hadbeenbrokenKey:6-10.DCDAC10-15ADCBC1.Ishouldbeverymuchliketohavegonetotheparty,butI_________.A.amnotinvited B.amnotbeinginvitedC.shallnotbeinvited D.wasnotinvited2.Howarethingsgoing?Thedisabled_________norelativesinGuangzhou_________bythevolunteers,whowillgraduatefromZhongshanUniversitynextyear.A.with;aretakingcareof B.have;willbetakencareofC.with;arebeingtakencareof D.have;arebeingtakencareof3.Theattackerswerearrestedanddidn’tknowwherethey_________.A.wouldtakeB.aretakenC.werebeingtakenD.willbetaken4.Peoplebegintoknowthatmostenvironmentalproblemsexistbecausenecessarymeasuresforpreventingthem_________inthepast.A.arenottakenB.werenottakenC.hadn’tbeentakenD.wouldn’tbetaken5.Mycar_________twicethismonth.I’msorrytohearthat.A.hasbeenbrokeninB.wasbrokeninC.hasbeenbrokenintoD.wasbrokeninto6.Ourgameofbasketball_________.Wehadbeenplayingforabouthalfanhourwhenitstartedtorainheavily.A.hasinterruptedB.hadinterruptedC.wasinterruptedD.hadbeeninterrupted7.TheprincessandtheFrogisafairymusicalthat_________thedayswhenWaltDisneywasaperson,notabrand.A.wasdatedbacktoB.datesbacktoC.hasbeendatingfromD.haddatedfrom8.Linda,makesurethetables_________beforetheguestsarrive.A.beset B.set C.aresetD.aresetting9.Thewaytheguests_________inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice..A.Treated B.weretreated C.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated10.Duringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people_________nottotouchanyunattendedbag.A.hadalwaysbeenwarned B.werealwaysbeingwarnedC.arealwayswarning D.alwayswarned11.Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?Becauselargequantitiesofwater_________.A.havepolluted B.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpolluted D.havebeenpolluted12.Hi,Tory,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?Sorry._________.A.It’srepaired B.IthasbeenrepairedC.It’sbeingrepaired D.Ithadbeenrepaired13.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow,whenacoldfront_________toarrive.A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected14.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_________manytimesontheradio.A.taught B.havetaught C.aretaught D.havebeentaught15.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit_________.hasruined B.hadruinedC.hasbeenruinedD.hadbeenruinedKey:1-5DCCBC6-10CBCBB11-15DCADC__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________单项选择1.—Doyouthinkhewillcomeatthisweekend?

—___________,becausehehasanimportantpartytoattend.A.Idon'tbelieve B.Idon'tbelieveitC.Ibelievenotso D.Ibelievenot2.Shewassosadbecauseshefailedinthemathtest.Let's______her_______.A.leave…behindB.leave…aloneC.leave…asideD.leave…out3.Theydesiredthatthey__________therighttoattendthemeeting.A.had B.have C.are D.were4.Manyapplicantsstoodoutsidethemanager'soffice,nervouslywaiting_________forthejob.A.tochoose B.beingchosen C.choosing D.tobechosen5.Itwasatthisshop_______Iboughtmyskirt.Howaboutcomingtomyhometohavealooktonight?A.that B.where C.which D.what6.PeoplehavebeencomplainingaboutSK-IIrecentlyandthinktheadvertisementsalwayspersuadepeople_________theproductswhicharenotsogood.A.buy B.tobuy C.buying D.bought7.Hehasbeen_______forthreeweeks.We'dbetterfindanotherpersontofillhisplace.A.absent B.left C.gone D.resigned8.Hisdaughterhas___________theyoungpoliticianforfiveyears.A.gotmarriedwithB.beenmarriedtoC.beenmarriedwithD.gotmarriedto9.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter_________?A.tobesent B.tosend C.sending D.sent10.Afterawholeafternoon'sheateddiscussion,theyfinally________touswhathadbeendecided.A.told B.declared C.stated D.MadeKey:1-5DBBDA6-10BABAB二.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Howdidyoudoit,Dad?Howhaveyoumanagednottotakeadrinkforalmost20years?Ittookmealmost20yearstohavethe16toevenaskmyfatherthisverypersonalquestion.WhenDadfirst17drinking,thewholefamilywasonpinsandneedles(如坐针毡)everytimehegotintoasituationinthepast,18wouldhavestartedhim19again.Forafewyearswewereafraidtobring20upforfearthatthedrinkingwouldbeginagain.“IhadthislittlepoemthatIwouldrecitetomyselfatleastfourtofivetimesaday.”wasDad's21tomy18-year-oldunaskedquestion.“Thewordswereaconstant22tomethatthingswere23sohardthatIcouldnotdealwiththem,”Dadsaid.Thenhe24_thepoemwithme.Thepoem's25,yetprofound(深刻的)wordsimmediatelybecame26ofmydailyroutineaswell.Aboutamonthafterthistalkwithmyfather,I27agiftinthemailfromafriendofmine.Itwasabookofdailysayingsofwisdomwithone28foreachdayoftheyear.Ithasbeenmy29thatwhenyougetsomethingwithdaysoftheyearonit,younaturallyturntothepagethatlistsyourown30.I31openedthebooktoNovember10tosee32wordsofwisdomthisbookhadinstoreforme.Iwas33whenIlookedatthepage,andthentearsofdisbeliefandappreciation34downmyface.There,onmybirthday,wastheexactsamepoemthathadhelpedmyfather35alltheseyears!ItiscalledtheSerenity(平静)Prayer:God,grantmetheserenitytoacceptthethingsIcannotchange;thecouragetochangethethingsIcan,andthewisdomtoknowthedifference.11.A.chance B.courage C.ability D.right12.A.gaveup B.tookup C.wenton D.carriedon13.A.where B.what C.which D.how14.A.reciting B.asking C.smoking D.drinking15.A.one B.this C.it D.these16.A.reply B.words C.excuse D.explanation17.A.fear B.imagination C.thought D.reminder18.A.never B.seldom C.always D.ever19.A.discussed B.shared C.offered D.talked20.A.wonderful B.long C.simple D.boring21.A.all B.That C.any D.part22.A.receivedB.Accepted C.knew D.heard23.A.listed B.Included C.read D.said24.A.method B.experienceC.wealth D.message25.A.character B.birthday C.qualities D.favorites26.A.doubtfully B.carefully C.happily D.hurriedly27.A.where B.whether C.what D.how28.A.excited B.astonished C.disappointed D.frightened29.A.hung B.pulled C.rolled D.pushed30.A.with B.at C.in D.ForKey:11-15BACDC 16-20ADABC 21-25DAABB 26-30DCBCD阅读理解RevolutionaryTVEarsTVEarshashelpedthousandsofpeoplewithvariousdegreesofhearinglosshearthetelevisionclearlywithoutturningupthevolume(音量)andnowit’sbetterandmoreaffordablethanever!WithTVEarswirelesstechnology,yousetyourownheadsetvolume,whileotherTVlistenershearthetelevisionatavolumelevelthat’scomfortableforthem.YoucanevenlistenthroughtheheadsetonlyandputtheTVonmute(静音)ifthes