人教版高中英语选修七第5讲：Under-the-sea-词汇篇(学生版)

第5讲Underthesea词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。一.重点词汇1.annualadj.每年的；按年度计算的n.年刊；年鉴[重点用法]annuallyadv.年年地,每年地[典例]1)anannualincome.年收入2)anannualreport年度报告3)PremierWenJiabaonotedthatthetwomostimportantproblemswouldbeprevioustoanythingelseinthegovernmentannualreport.温家宝总理在政府年度报告中指出要优先解决这两大问题。witnessn.目击者；证人；证据vt.当场见到；目击[典例]1)Heisthewitnesstotheaccident.事故的目击者2)Thisoldauditoriumhaswitnessedmanyceremonies.这个古老的礼堂内举行过许多次典礼。accommodation住所[重点用法]accommodatev.向...提供,容纳,调和;适应accommodationaddress临时通讯处accommodationallowance膳宿津贴[典例]1)ThehighcostofaccommodationmakeslifedifficultforstudentsinLondon.由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。2)Theuniversityoffersexcellentaccommodationforsummervisitors.这所大学为夏季来访者提供了很好的住宿。abandonvt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃n.放任，狂热[重点用法]abandononeselftosth./doingsth.沉溺于abandon…tosb.把……舍弃给…...withabandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地[典例]1)Theyabandonedallhopeoffindinganeffectivewaytosolvetheproblem.他们放弃了寻找有效方法解决问题的所有希望。2)Weshouldkeepoffthosewhoabandonthemselvestodrugs.我们要远离那些吸毒成瘾的人。3)Don'twastethefoodleft,andabandonittothedog.不要浪费剩下的食物，把它舍弃给狗吃。reflectvt.映射；反射vi.&vt.思考[重点用法]reflectionn.反射；反映；思考；沉思reflectiveadj.反射的；反映的；沉思的reflectonv.思考，反省[典例]1)Herseverelookreflectedhowshereallyfelt.她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。2)Mirrorsreflectlight.镜子能反射光线。3)Ireflectedonpossiblereasonsformyfailure.我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种原因。awareadj.意识到的；知道的[重点用法]unaware不察觉的,不知道的awarenessn.知道,晓得be／becomeawareofsth.意识到某事beawarethat-clause知道……；意识到……makesb.awarethat-clause提醒某人注意……makesb.awareof…让某人注意到……[典例]1)Hewasn'tawareofthedanger.他没有意识到危险。2)IssheawarethatI'mcoming?她知道我要来吗?注意：aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓[重点用法]scaringadj.令人害怕的；吓人的scaredadj.受惊吓的；感到害怕的bescaredof…(=beafraidof)遇到…(某种事物或行为)而害怕bescaredtodo.(=beafraidtodo)不敢做……bescaredtodeath吓死了[典例]1)Youscaredmebycominginsoquietly.你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。2)Mostgirlsarescaredtolightthefirework.大多女孩不敢放烟花。二.重点词组1.sortout整理；挑出；解决(问题／困难)[短语归纳]sortthrough查看并挑选出putaway把……存放好[典例]1)I'vesortedoutthepapersthatcanbethrownaway.我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。2)We'vegotafewlimeproblemstosortout.我们有几个小问题要解决。3)Hewassortingthroughapileofpapersonhisdesk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。helpout帮助……（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使……脱离困境[短语归纳]helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事withthehelpof在...的帮助下,借助helponeselfto请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)can'thelpdoingsth禁不住can'thelpbutdosth只得；不得不[典例]1)Canyouhelpmeoutwiththemathsproblem?你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?2)Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.随便吃点鱼。3)Shecan'thelplaughing.她忍不住大笑起来。4)Ican'thelpbutwait.我只得等。throwoneselfoutof跃出[典例]1)Themansuddenlythrewhimselfoutofthewaterandsaid“I’mhere”.那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿”。[短语归纳]throwoneselfat冲向throwoneselfinto投身于；积极从事throwaway扔掉throwup呕吐throwsbintoprison把某人投入监狱；throwat对准向……扔去(希望击中)；throwto向……(方向)扔去upsidedown上下翻转过来[短语归纳]insideout里面翻转过来的[典例]1)Thenaughtychildisalwaysturningeverythingintheroomupsidedown.这淘气的孩子老是把房问的东西搞得乱七八糟。2)Heworethesweatshirtinsideout.他当时把运动衫反过来穿。三.重点句子1.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。[解释]Itwas/isatimewhen曾经一度（那时）[典例]1)Itwasatimewhenmotorcarswererare.那是汽车很罕见的时代。2)Itwasatimewhenshecouldnotbearthepainandwantedtokillherself.她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。2.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn’thavetherightclotheson,racedafterhim.我早就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没穿上捕鲸该穿的衣服，还是跟在他背后跑了起来。[解释]eventhough=evenif即使，即便（引导让步状语从句）[典例]1)Wewon’tgiveupevenifweshouldtentimes.即便我们失败十次，我们也不会失败。2)Eventhoughyoumaylosethechanceofmeetingyourfriend,youcannotmissthemeetingthisafternoon.即使你可能会失去会见朋友的机会，（但是你）也不能错过下午的会议。3.I’msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday-adayofpuremagic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情---这可是奇妙至及的一天。[解释]with+宾语+宾语补足语在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等[典例]1)Theteachercameinwithathickbookinherhand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。2)Withalocalvillagerleadingtheway,wefoundhishouseeasily.有当地村民带路，我们很容易就找到了他家。3)Withalotofproblemstosolve,thenewly-electedpresidentfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.由于有很多问题急待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。1.(2015安徽高考)IfyoucometovisitChina,youwillexperienceacultureofamazing(deep)andvariety.2.(2015山东临沂四中高二下)Thelikelyreactionsofthemarketneedtobebeforeweact.A.consideredon B.basedon C.reliedon D.reflectedon3.(2015湖北襄阳高二下)Whenhewasachild,heoftenlistenedtothestoriestoldbyhisgrandfather,wholivedthroughtheAnti-JapaneseWarandhadamemoryofit.A.absurd B.vivid C.parallel D.Elegant4.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93-94.Wewereonlybeaten.A.Nearly B.Slightly C.Narrowly D.Lightly5.Nowadays,thereisaincreaseinchildren’screativity,fortheyaregreatlyencouragedtodeveloptheirtalents.A.Sharp B.Slight C.Natural D.Modest基础演练一.根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)Thelakeisover20metersin_____sowewereallmoved______bythemanwhodived_______intothelaketosavethelittleboy.(deep)2)I____rememberthegirldressedin______colorhedrewintheexhibition.(vivid)3)Anyonewholaunchesawaris______andis_______bypeoplewholovepeaceallaroundtheworld.(aware)4)The_______ofenergywillhelpusresearchthewaytosaveand_______theenergy.(conserve)5)Thoughthesoupis_______,I’velostmysenseof______andit____justlike______water.(taste)巩固提高二.课文词汇等填空根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法： 1themorningof19thJanuaryIwentsnorkeling.2(see)suchextraordinarybeauty,Ithoughteverycellinmybodywokeupand3waslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.Duringthetrip,Ifirstbecameawareofthevividcolors4(围绕)meandthefantasticcorals,inandaround5allkindsofelegantfish6(be)swimmingamongthem.7therearestillsomething8mademefeel9(害怕).Forexample,Ididn’twanttogetclosetotheeel,thegiantclamandthegreyreefsharks,fortheymademescaredtodeath10amoment.1.Pleasepostthisletterinthepostofficenearby,and__________,Iwillgettwoticketsinthetrainstation.A.inmeantime B.onthemeanwhile C.inmeanwhile D.inthemeantime2.Don'tturntheroom__________,asIhavejusttidiedit.A.upsidedown B.Inside C.Outside D.insidedown3.Mostparentsarenot__________thedangeroftheirbabies'eatingjelly,whichcausesmostunfortunateincidentstohappen.A.wellawareto B.veryawareof C.awarethat D.wellawareof4.Ineedtimeto_______onwhatyouoffered.A.Consider B.Reflect C.Imagine D.suggest5.Whenthewarbrokeout,peoplehadto______theirunnecessariesandputawaythevaluabletofleeawaywiththenecessities.A.Abandon B.Release C.Discourage D.resign6.Withtheirparents______observingtheiractions，thesenaughtyboysdidn'tdaretomaketrouble.A.Sharply B.Especially C.Narrowly D.generally7.IwassodullthatseveraldayswentbybeforeIwas______ofwhatwashappening.A.Informed B.Aware C.Reminded D.independent8.Myfatherhasoften______me______whenI'vebeenabitshortofmoney.A.sent;out B.driven;off C.helped;out D.pulled;in9.Isthereanyoneinyourclasswho______thecaraccidentthathappenedinfrontofourschoolthismorning?A.Witnessed B.Observed C.Introduced D.predicted10.BeforeIgiveyoumyfinaldecision,Ineedtimeto______yoursuggestiononceagain.A.pickout B.tryout C.testout D.reflecton11.Hisfatalmistakehasbecomethe______,forwhichhisteamlostthechancetoreachthelast16intheWorldCup.A.Example B.Handle C.Face D.target12.I'mnotsurprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehada______imagination.A.Clear B.Cautious C.Funny D.vivid13.Thepublic______oftheenvironmentalproblemwillmakethegovernmenttakeitseriously.A.Awareness B.Revolution C.Existence D.evidence(2015福建高二下期中)Peopleliketakingphotosbecausephotosaretheofyouthandhistoryandcanremindusofmanyhappyscenes.A.Witness B.Guidance C.Evidence D.approval(2015湖北高二下期中)TheyarepreparingthemselvesforanewlifeinAmerica,buttheydon’twanttotheiroldlifeentirely.A.Attempt B.Adopt C.Abandon D.abolish__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单词拼写1.Thesmallanimalsweres________torunawaywhentheysawatigerwalkingtowardsthem.2.Anyonewithana_________incomeofunder5000yuanmaybeeligibletoapply.3.Hea___________hiswifeandwentawaywithalltheirmoney.4.Hedoesn'tseemtobea_______ofthecoldnessoftheirattitudetowardshisappeal.5.Wew____________tremendouschangesinthecity.二.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：310完成时间：7分钟难度：***In1983apresidentialcommitteewarnedthat,"Theeducationalfoundationsofoursocietyarepresentlythreateningourveryfutureasanation."Morethantwodecadeslater,thatreport,ANationatRisk,isstillsuitableforthecurrentsituation.America'sschoolsarefailingus.They'renotpreparingenoughyoungpeopletosucceedinthe21stcentury.Standardizedtestscoresshowthatstudentachievementisquitelow.Butthosescoresdon'ttellthewholestoryofthisrisingcrisis.Considerthese:*Nearly30percentofstudentsdon'tgraduatefromhighschool.*40percentofcollegefreshmenneedremedialclasses(辅导班)becausetheyareunprepared.*WhileU.S.grade-schoolersoutrank(等级高于)manyoftheirinternationalpeers,high-scholarsdon'tdosowell.Sadly,moreandmoreyoungadultsaren'treadyforcollegeorwork--orforlife.They'renotgettingtheskillstocompeteintoday'srapidlydeveloping"knowledgeeconomy''evenasothercountriesgrowmorecompetitive.Bystandingstill,we'refallingbehind.So,agoodfirststepwouldbetoliftourexpectationsforwhateachchildiscapableoflearning.Asolidsecondstepwouldbetoadoptnationaleducationstandardsthatemphasizemainstudies--math,science,Englishandhistory--andmeasureresultswithnationaltesting.Inanagewhenlearningatechniquerequiresasmuchintelligenceasunderstandingatextbook,allstudentsneedthesamebaseofknowledge,whethertheywillgoofftocollegeornot.Andathirdstepistogivevocational(职业的)training.Noteveryoneshouldbeonthecollegetrack--andastrongvocationalteachingsystemmightjustlowerthe30%highschooldropout(辍学)rate.Nosinglesolution--higherstandards,charterschools(特许学校),meritpay(记功付酬)forteachers–canmagicallysolveoureducationalproblems.Whatweneedisasystematic,nationalplanthatcombinesthesmartestreformsandtakesbraverisks.41.Accordingtotheauthor'sopinion,wecanconcludethat___________.A.thereport,ANationatRisk,onlyreflectedthepreviouseducationalsituationinAmericaB.theAmericaneducationalsystemwasconsideredtosecurethenation'sfutureduringthepasttwentyyearsC.the1983reportis,tosomedegree,toooldtodescribethepresenteducationalsituationwellD.inviewofthepresenteducationalsituation,Americanbasiceducationdoesn'tfunctionwell42.Theauthor'sattitudetowa