北师大版初三英语第17讲：unit-9-词汇篇(学生版)

Unit9词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2.理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1.though虽然，尽管(1)though做副词时意为“可是，不过”，一般放在句末。例如：It’shardwork.Ienjoyitthough.工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。(2)though做连词意为“虽然，尽管”，可以与although换用，although比though更加正式。例如：Although/Thoughtherearestillproblemstosolve,China’stree-plantingprogrammesarehuge.尽管中国的植树工程还有问题需要解决，但是它仍然是个巨大的项目。注意：在asthough“仿佛，好像”eventhough“即使，纵然”等固定短语中不能用although。Sheclosedhereyesasthoughsheweretired.她闭上眼，仿佛很疲劳似的。2.worth值得的,beworthdoing值得做某事worth意为“值得的，有……的价值的”等，常常用作形容词。在句中一般作表语，有时也可用作定语。如：aplaceworthseeing（值得一看的地方），adictionaryworth$50（一本值50美元的词典）等。worth用作表语时，不能单独使用，其后通常接动词的-ing形式，而不能接动词不定式。常用的句式有：(1)“主语+be+worth+动词的-ing形式+……”此时，句子的主语就是worth之后动词-ing形式的逻辑宾语。例如：NowJohnisworthtalkingto.现在值得与约翰谈一谈。Heisn’tworthgettingangrywith.犯不上跟他生气。注意：动词的-ing形式之后的介词不可省去。worth后面的动词-ing形式一般用主动形式表示被动意义，而不能直接用被动形式。试比较：正：Thefilmisn’tworthseeing.误：Thefilmisn’tworthbeingseen.这部电影不值得看。(2)“It（形式主语）+be+worth+动词的-ing形式+……”例如：Itisn’tworthrepairingthebike.这辆自行车不值得修理了。Isitworthvisitingthecity?这个城市值得参观吗？一般来说，worth前面可用well,really,verymuch,hardly,easily等词语修饰，但一般不用very修饰。例如：Thisisreallyworthdoing.这确实值得一做。Hehassomethingverymuchworthsaying.他有些话很值得讲。3.stop停止(1)stopdoingsth.停止做某事。例如：Westoppedtalkingwhenourteachercamein.老师走进教室的时候，我们停止了说话。(2)stoptodosth.停下来去做某事。例如：Myfatheralwaysstoptobuyanewspaperonhiswayhome.爸爸总是在下班回家的路上停下去买一份报纸。(3)stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事。例如：Youshouldstopyoursonmakingtrouble.你应该阻止你儿子惹麻烦。4.preventsb.fromdoingsth.防止某人做某事，from后加动名词，例如：Weshouldpreventchildrenfromapproachingthefire.我们应该阻止孩子接近火。【用法相似词组】keepsb/sth.fromdoingsth.阻碍/阻止某人做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事5.by+年份，意为“到那一年”，例如：55%oftheforestcouldbegoneby2030.到2030年，55%的森林将会消失。【by的用法拓展】(1)表示位置，意思是“在……旁边”，“靠近……”，有时可与beside互换。例如：Thegirlsareplayingby(beside)thelake.

女孩们正在湖边玩。此时要注意它与介词near有所不同，即by表示的距离更“近”。试比较：Helivesbythesea.他住在海滨。Helivesnearthesea.他住在离海不远处。(2)表示交通方式，意为“乘坐”，后接表示交通工具的名词（如bus,bike,train,plane,car,taxi,ship等）或与交通工具密切相关的名词（如air,water,land,road等），在句中主要用作方式状语，其中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。Jimoftengoestoworkbybike.吉姆常骑自行车上班。但是，若表示交通工具的名词前插有定语修饰语，则也可以用冠词。例如：We’regoingbythe9:30train.我们坐9:30的火车去。WewenttoShanghaibyalargeship.我们乘一艘大船去上海。注意：语说“步行”，英语习惯上用onfoot,而不用byfoot。(3)表示时间，意思是“在……以前；不迟于……”。例如：Mymotherwillcomebackby6:00.我妈妈将在六点前回来。(4)表示动词执行者，意思是“被；由”，主要用于被动语态，此时要注意它与介词with的区别：by表示动作的主体，with表示动作者的手段工具。例如：Thehousewasdestroyedbyfire.此屋被大火烧毁。（fire是动作的主体，此句的主动形式为Firedestroyedthehouse.）Thehousewasdestroyedwithfire.此屋是（被人）用火烧毁的。（fire只是工具，动作的主体另有其人，此句可认为省略了一个by短语，如bysomeone之类的，其主动形式可以是Someonedestroyedthehousewithfire.）(5)by+v.-ing意思是“通过……，以……的方式”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式”，即表示行为的方式或手段。IpracticespeakingEnglishbyjoininganEnglish-languageclub.

我通过加入一个英语语言俱乐部来练习讲英语。

介词by+v.-ing结构常用来回答Howdoyou...?或HowcanI...?之类的问题。---HowdoyoulearnEnglish?你怎样学习英语呢？

---IlearnEnglishbyreadingaloud.我通过大声朗读来学英语。6.becarefultodosth.意为“小心地做某事”。例如：Hewascarefultoanswerthequestionaskedbythereporters.他小心翼翼地回答了记者提出的问题。becarefulabout小心，当心，例如：Weneedtobecarefulabouthowweuseantibiotics.我们需要小心使用抗生素。【知识拓展】carev/n关心，在意。careabout关心takecareof照顾carefuladj.小心的，仔细的；carelessadj.粗心的carefulnessn.细心carelessnessn.粗心7.tostartwith意为“首先，第一，起初”，例如：Tostartwith,wehaven’tenoughmoney,andsecondlywehaven’tenoughtime.首先，我们没有足够的资金；其次，我们没有足够的时间。startwith意为“以…开始；从…着手”，后跟名词或名词短语。endwith意为“以…结束”。例如：Ourclassstartswithainterestinggame.我们的课从一个有趣的游戏开始。Theexperimentendedwithsuccess.这个实验成功了。8.turn短语小结turnon打开turnoff关闭turnup调大，出现turndown调小，拒绝turnin交上，归还turninto变成turnouttobe证明是，结果是turnover翻转，移交给taketurns轮流，依次it’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事9.后加doing和todo意思不同的动词。(1)rememberdoing记得曾做过remembertodo记得去做(2)forgetdoing忘记曾做过forgettodo忘记去做(3)regretdoing后悔做regrettodo遗憾做(4)trydoing尝试做trytodo努力做(5)goondoing继续做同一件事goontodo继续做另一件事以“remember”为例，例如：Irememberlockingthedoor.我记得锁过门了。（门已经锁过了）Ineedtoremembertolockthedoor.我需要记住去锁门。（门还没锁）10.常用的提建议句型(1)Whynotdosth.?为什么不…？(2)Whataboutdoingsth.?…怎么样？(3)hadbetterdosth.最好做某事(4)IfIwereyou,Iwould…如果我是你的话，我就…(5)shoulddosth.应该做某事1.Theboyissleeping.Please__________theradio.A.turnon B.turnoff C.turnup D.turnin2.Youlooktired.You’dbetter___________agoodrest.A.stoptohave B.stophaving C.tostoptohaveD.tostophaving3.Thenewly-openedmuseumiscertainlyworth_________.A.tovisit B.visiting C.tobevisitedD.visited4.IstudyEnglish_______speakingiteveryday.A.inB.with C.from D.by5.Tomsaidhewouldcome.Hedidn’tcome_________.A.howeverB.yet C.thoughD.although6.Therainpreventedusfrom_________football.A.playB.played C.toplay D.playing7.Hewasverycareful_____________hisparentsangry.A.tomake B.nottomake C.making D.made8._________shehadgreatpressure,butshecanrelaxabitnowA.StartingwithB.StartwithC.TostartD.Tostartwith基础演练一、短语互译拼车_______________2.拯救地球_______________3.保护环境________________减少_______________5.引起问题_______________6.弄清楚__________________抓住_______________8.解决问题_______________9.致力于__________________taketurns__________11.allthewayto_____________12.takeaction____________________13.有很大的影响________________14.节约用水___________________15.起大作用___________________二、用所给词的适当形式填空TheAmazonrainforestisthe_______(large)rainforestintheworld.TheWWFishelpingtostopsomeareasfrom________(be)cutdown.Adamhasbeen________(build)totrytorestorehigherwaterlevels.Theprojectfacesmany__________(challenge).5.HowcantheGreenWallProjecthelp_______(save)thegrassland?巩固提高根据中文提示完成句子我们应该改变我们的生活来帮助拯救我们的家园。Weshouldchangeourlivesto______________ourworld.另外，我们尽量少开车来减少大气污染。_____________,we_____________________ourcarlesstocutdownonairpollution.总是买新东西替换我们扔掉的旧东西会花费很多钱。It____________________________________________________newthingstoreplacethethingswethrowaway.保护树木是很重要的。_____________________________trees.植树对环境有利。Plantingtrees_______________________environment.植树能防止气候变暖。Plantingtreescan_______theclimate______________warmer.让我们大家共同努力，把我们的家园变得更美好。______________togetherto______ourplanetbettertoliveon.森林对全世界的人都很重要。Forest________________________people______________theworld.我每天坚持跑步，所以身体很好。I____________everyday,soIamgoodinhealth.为了使北京的空气更洁净，我们要尽量多乘坐公交车。Weshould_______________________________________inBeijing.一、单项选择1.Ithinkwe_______puttherubbishintherightplacesforrecycling.A.may B.shouldC.needD.will2.---Whydoyoudriveyourcarlessorsometimesorganizecarpools?---Ijustwanttohelp______airpollution.A.causeB.increaseC.reduceD.make3.Inordertosavetheplanetwewanttodo_______tosaveelectricity.A.something B.nothing C.anythingD.everything4.Zou’sfarm_______by8milliontreeswhichhavebeenplantedbyherself.A.coverB.covers C.iscoveredD.wascovered---Doyouknowwhoarethepeoplebehindthehugenumberoftrees?---Idon’tknow.Let’s________whoaretheheroes.A.findoutB.workout C.lookforD.gothrough6.Therewillbelesspollution_______morepeopleusepublictransportation.A.but B.unlessC.thoughD.if7.---Lily,howdoyouusuallycometoschooleveryday?---Usually_______bike.A.by B.on C.withD.from8.I______300dollarsforthebike.A.tookB.spent C.cost D.paid9.Basketissoexcitingthat________peopleplayitforfun.A.million B.twomillions C.millionof D.millionsof10.---It’severyone’sdutytojointheCleanYourPlateCampaign(光盘行动).---Sure,weshouldtryto________allthefoodthatwehaveordered.A.getup B.showupC.eatup D.turnup完形填空I’msuremanygreatpeoplethinkabouthowtheycanmakeadifferenceintheworld.1,sometimeslittlethingscanmakeareallybigdifference.Ilearnedthis2onedayfiveyearsagowithmyfather,whenIwasjustactinglikemyself—anine-year-oldkid.Papacamehomelatefromworkafter9p.m.,andhe3evenmoretiredthanusual.Hiseyeswerealreadyhalf-closed.Ifollowedhimtohisbedroom.Papa4upthestairs,slowlyliftinghisfeetoneaftertheother.Iwas5thatIwouldhavetostartpushinghim.Fortunately,he6ittothebedroomonhisown.Papasatdownonthebedandstartedremovinghisshoesandsocks.“Howwaswork?”Iaskedcheerfully.“Oh,itwasOK,”hereplied,“It’sjustthatI’mtired.”“Oh,um…youwantmetoleave?”Papagavemeatired7thatmadememorecomfortable.Itmademefeellikehewasn’tgoingtoscoldme,asheoftendidwhenImadesome8.“No,”hesaidkindly,“ofcourseIdon’twantyoutoleave.”Iopenedmymouthandstarted9outtheDisneymovieLilo＆Stitch.PapaalwaysloveditwhenIdidthat,andhe10laughingloudly.IwashappythatIhadmademyfatherlaughsomuch.“Didyoulikeit?”Iasked.“OfcourseIdid,”hesaid.“Didyouknowthat11youmakemelaugh,youmakemefeelalotbetter?”Iwas12thatIcouldreallydoathinglikethat.1.A.But B.SoC.Although D.Infact2.A. classB.lesson C.subjectD.course3.A.feltB.keptC.looked D.turned4.A. ran B.wentC.stepped D.rushed5.A. afraid B.sureC.sorry D.happy6.A.made B.did C.took D.got7.A.shout B.cryC.smile D.laugh8.A.faces B.progress C.mistakeD.trouble9.A.trying B.actingC.sending D.putting10.A.continuedB.started C.finished D.enjoyed11.A.wheneverB.however C.nomatter D.whether12.A.puzzledB.worried C.wonderingD.surprised__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.Recyclingisgood,sodon’t_____________bottlesornewspaper.A.findout B.handin C.useup D.throwaway2.Iwastiredout,soIstoppedthecar_____________ashortrest.A.haveB.having C.tohaveD.had3.Therewasastrongwindlastnightandtheclouds_______________.A.wereblownaway B.willbeblownaway C.blewaway D.blowaway4.Theworld’spopulationisgrowing_________andthereis________landandwaterforgrowingrice.A.more;lessB.larger;fewer C.larger;less D.more;fewer5.---Couldyou________thecomputerforme,dear?Iwanttocheckmyemails.---Certainly,I’lldoitrightaway.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnoffD.turnup6.WecelebrateourNationalDay_______1stOctobereveryyear.A.inB.atC.onD.for7.HespeaksEnglishas_______asTom.A.wellB.betterC.goodD.thebest8.Theheavysnowkeptthem__________thevillage.A.leavingB.toleaveC.fromleavingD.leave9.Thecake_________bymymothermomentago.Wouldyoupleasetohavesome?A.makesB.madeC.ismadeD.wasmade10.DavidandTomaregoodfriends.They________eachotherfortenyears.A.knewB.knowC.haveknownD.hadknown(附：6-10，2015年顺义区牛栏山一中实验学校初三年级第一学期期中考试英语试题)二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11.我花了三年的时间终于使自己的梦想成真。It_____________________________atlast.12.告诉他，别阻止我尝试新的设想。__________________________________tryingoutnewideas.13.为什么不和你的父母谈谈？Why___________________________yourparents?在有些地方，水的价格比牛奶还要高。Thepriceofwateris______________________________insomeplaces.15.我们应该尽力不让动物受到任何伤害。Weshould____________________________anyharm.三、翻译下列句子16.Whydon’tyoujoinasportsclub?_______________________________________________________________________17.HespendsmuchtimewatchingTVeveryday._______________________________________________________________________18.我们把旧衣服和家具捐给慈善组织。_______________________________________________________________________19.我们为古代伟大的思想家的智慧而自豪。_______________________________________________________________________20.我们应该尽力去阻止气候变暖。_______________________________________________________________________四、完形填空JohnandMaryhadanicehomeandtwolovelychildren,aboyandagirl.OnceJohnwasaskedtogoonabusinesstripandMaryneededtogoalongtoo.Theyfoundababysittertocareforthe21andmadethetrip,returninghomealittleearlierthantheyhadplanned.Astheydroveintotheirhometown,they22smoke,andtheywenttoseewhatitwas.Theyfoundahomeonfire.Marysaid,“Oh,well,itisn’tourhome.Let’sgo.”ButJohndrove23andsaid,“ThehomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksatthefactory.Hewouldn’tbeoffworkyet,maybethere’ssomethingwewoulddo.”“Ithassomethingtodowithus,”saidMary.ButJohndroveup,stoppedandfoundthewholehouseonfire.Awomaninthestreetwascrying,“Thechildren!24thechildren!”Johngrabbed（抓）herbytheshouldersaying,“Getaholdofyourselfandtelluswherethechildrenare!”“Inthe25,”criedthewoman,“downthehallandtotheleft.”AlthoughMarydidn’tagree,Johnwethisclothesand26forthebathroomwhichwasfullofsmokeandheat.Hefoundthedoorandgrabbedtwochildren,holdingoneundereacharm.Ashelefthecouldhearsomeothersoundlikecrying.Hesentthetwobadly27andnearlysuffocated（窒息）childrenintowaitingarms.Thenhewastoldtwomorechildrenwerestillinthere.Marygrabbedhisarmandshouted,“John!Don’tgoback!Thathousewillfalldowninanysecond!”Butheshookheroffandwentbackby28hiswaydownthesmoke-filledhallwayandintotheroom.Itseemedacenturyhadpassed29hefoundbothchildrenandstartedback.Theywerecoughingandheloweredhisbodytryingtogetsome30.Ashewalkeduptheendlesssteps,thethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodies,andatlastwhentheycameoutintothesunlightandfreshair,hefoundthathehadjustsavedhisownchildren.Thebabysitterhadleftthematthishomewhileshedidsomeshopping.21.A.children B.pet C.garden D.business22.A.watched B.recognizedC.noticed D.realized23.A.fartherB.off C.back D.closer24.A.FindB.Get C.Move D.Hold25.A.bathroom B.kitchen C.bedroom D.livingroom26.A.looked B.cared C.headed D.reached27.A.frightened B.surprised C.sad D.sick28.A.following B.going C.pushing D.feeling29.A.after B.before C.when D.until30.A.water B.energy C.air D.light五、阅读理解AGoodevening,thankyouallforcomingheretolearnaboutourschool’srecyclingprogram.Therecyclingisplannedasathree-partprogram:searching,collectingandcarrying.Thefirstpart,searching,isthehardestone.Mostpeopledon’tliketotakethetimetoseparaterubbishandthisiswhymostrecyclingprogramsusuallyfail.However,webelievethatourprogramwillwork.Fromnowon,insteadofseeingtheusualblackrubbishcansallovertheschool,youwillseethreedifferentcoloredrubbishcans.Pinkcansareforpaper,bluecansareforbottles,andwhitecansareforalltheotherwaste.Justremember:pink—paper,blue—bottles,white—waste.Aftertherubbishiscollected,itneedstobesortedandthentakentotherecyclingcenter.Sincethisrecyclingprogramisstillavolunteerprogram,weaskfornomorethan5hoursperpersonineachweek.Yourjobwillbetocollectallsortsofrubbishandtakeittodifferentcenters.Ifyouwouldliketohelp,pleaseleavemeyournameandtelephonenumberandwe’llmeethereonthe15thSeptemberrightafterschool.Hopetoseeyouthen!31.Whichpartisthemostdifficultoneintheprogram?A.Searching B.CollectingC.Carrying D.Recycling32.Whatcolorcansareforalltheotherwaste?A.PinkB.BlueC.WhiteD.Black33.Whatyouhearmightbe_______.A.anadvertisement B.astoryC.apieceofnews D.anintroductionBPassengerships,tradeships,andfishingboatsareanormalpartoflifeontheopensea.However,alltheiractivitycreatesagreatdealofnoiseunderwater.ScientistsfromtheUnitedStatesandCanadarecentlyreportedtheirobservations(观察)thattheoceanisgettingnoisier.ScientistsattheUniversityofVictoriahavestudiedtherecordingsrecordedwithequipmentplacedunderwaternearthebusyshippinglanesoffVancouverIslandinCanada.Theysayengine（发动机）noiseiscontinuousduringtheday,andalittlelessstrongatnight.Scientistssayitislikelythatwhalesmustcalloutmoreloudlytobeheardoverthisnoise.Thenoisecouldmakeitmoredifficultfororcawhalestofindfood.Theorcasfindfishbyproducingclickingsoundsandothernoises.Loudenginenoisecouldbeinterferingwiththeirefforts.MichaelJasnyisapolicyexpertfortheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil.Hesaystheriseofunderwaternoiseislimitingtheabilityofwhalestocommunicate.Ship