山东省青岛市崂山区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷(含答案)_第1页
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山东省青岛市崂山区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷听力(共15分)I.听对话和问题,选择正确答案。对话和问题读两遍。你将有10秒钟的时间完成有关小题和阅读下一小题。(共5分)1.(1分)2.(1分)3.(1分)A.Tea.B.Coffee.C.Neither.4.(1分)A.10.B.20.C.30.5.(1分)A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.Ⅱ.听短文,完成下列任务。(共10分)A.听第一遍短文,按照听到的顺序排序,你将有15秒钟的时间阅读下面的内容。6.(5分)A.playcomputergamesB.showofftheirsingingC.cookdeliciousChinesedishesD.sharetheirideasandaskquestionsE.seetraditionalandmodernChineseprogram(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)B.再听这篇短文,根据短文内容,完成16-20小题,你将有15秒钟的时间阅读下面的内容。短文将再读两遍。7.(5分)(1)Thestudentscanseefilmsinourschool.A.onceaweekB.onceamonthC.twiceaweek(2)isonWednesdayeverytwoweeks.A.FilmNightB.CookingNightC.ChinaNight(3)FunNightisonthefirstofeachmonth.A.TuesdayB.ThursdayC.Wednesday(4)cangototheChinesehandwritingclass.A.OnlystudentsinmyclassB.OnlystudentsinourschoolC.Allthepeopleinthecity(5)isthemostexcitingandbiggestactivitiesoftheyear.A.FilmNightB.FunNightC.ChinaNight笔试(共90分)Ⅲ.单项选择(共10分)从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。8.(1分)Theyoungmanoftengives_______helpinghandtotheoldinhisneighbourhood.()A.a B.an C.the D./9.(1分)InChina,each______canhavethreechildrenaccordingtothethree﹣childpolicy(政策).()A.person B.god C.couple D.emperor10.(1分)MrWangdidalottoimprovetheworking_____fortheworkersofthefactory.()A.development B.habit C.success D.condition11.(1分)﹣Whosenotebookisit,Mary?Isit_____?﹣No,it'snotmine.It'sJohn's.()A.his B.mine C.yours D.hers12.(1分)Momsaidgoodbyetomewithasmile,buthereyescouldn't_____hersadness.()A.lose B.cover C.catch D.hide13.(1分)Inorderto______enoughVitaminC,weshouldeatsomefruitandvegetableseveryday.()A.takeoff B.takedown C.takein D.takeup14.(1分)﹣Stopshoutinginthelibrary.DoImakemyself________?﹣Yes.Iwon'tdothatagain.()A.clear B.proper C.difficult D.wrong15.(1分)Itsnowedallnight,andthecitywas______coveredwithwhiteandbeautifulsnow.()A.recently B.completely C.suddenly D.typically16.(1分)IamlookingforabirthdaygiftforAnna,butIcan'tfind________interesting.()A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing17.(1分)Wecan'tcrosstheestreet________thelightsturnsgreen.()A.when B.after C.if D.untilIV.完型填空(共10分)阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。18.(10分)DoyouknowhowricefirstcametoChina?ThereisanoldChinesestory.Itisaboutalittlegirlwhowentoutto(1).Therewasafamine(饥荒)andeverybodywasvery(2).Thelittlegirlfeltherfishingnetgrowingheavyandwasveryhappy.However,itwastheKingofFrogsthatshecaught.Whenthefrogknewthegirlwanted(3)toeat,thefrogpromisedherthathecouldhelpher.Thefrogtoldhertoholdoutherfishingnettothesun'sraysandhewouldsingamagicsong.Thelittlegirl(4)hisinstructions(指令).Shewasgreatlysurprisedtoseethesunshinefallingthroughthenet.Andtheywerechangedintorice.Thefirstricewasthoughttoarriveinthisway.Wedonotknow(5)thisstoryistrueornot,butittellsusthatricehasthe(6)valueasgoldtotheChinese.RiceisalwaysthemainfoodfortheChinese.For(7),muchlandhasbeenusedtoplantriceandmanyChinesepeopleare(8).Theyworkveryhard(9)eachrice.It'simportanttoservefoodandsay(10)towaste.Afterall,wastenot,wantnot.(1)A.swimB.skateC.fishD.sleep(2)A.tiredB.hungryC.thirstyD.excited(3)A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.somebody(4)A.supportedB.brokeC.followedD.hated(5)A.ifB.whetherC.whereD.whenever(6)A.sameB.differentC.sillyD.unfair(7)A.daysB.weeksC.monthsD.centuries(8)A.farmersB.workersC.doctorsD.teachers(9)A.amongB.throughC.withoutD.for(10)A.yesB.helloC.ChineseD.noV.阅读理解(共15分)阅读短文,选出最佳答案。A、B篇为选择最佳答案,C篇为七选五。19.(5分)Ateacherletherclassplayagame.Theteachertoldeachchildrentobringabagwithafewpotatoesinit.Theywillgiveeachpotatoanameofapersonthattheyhate,sothenumberofpotatoeswilldependonthenumberofpeopletheyhate.Sowhenthedaycame,everychildbroughtsomepotatoeswiththenameofthepeoplehehated.Somehad2potatoes;some3whilesomeupto5potatoes.Theteacherthentoldthechildrentocarrythepotatoeswiththemwherevertheywent(eventothetoilet)Dayspassedby.Therotten(腐烂的)potatoesgaveoutunpleasantsmellandthechildrenstartedtocomplain.Thechildrenwith5potatoesalsohadtocarryheavierbags.Thegameendedsixweekslater.Theteacherasked,Howdidyoufeelwhilecarryingthepotatoeswithyouforweeks?"Thechildrenspokeouttheirfeelingsandstartedcomplainingofthetroublebecausetheyhadtocarrytheheavyandsmellypotatoeswherevertheywent.Thentheteachertoldthemthehiddenmeaningbehindthegame."Thisisexactlythesituationwhenyoucarryyourhateforsomebodyinsideyourheart.Theunpleasantsmellofhatewillpolluteyourheartandyouwillcarryitwithyouwhereveryougo.Ifyoucan'ttolerate(忍受)thesmellofrottenpotatoesforjustsixweeks,canyouimaginewhatitisliketohavehateinyourheartforyourlifetime?(1)Howmanypotatoescouldthechildrenputintheirbags?A.Atleasttwo.B.Fiveatmost.C.Thesameasthenumberofpeopletheyhated.D.Thesameasthenumberofpeopleintheirfamily.(2)WhatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedpartinParagraph3?A.Thechildrendidn'tknowwhattodoandwereinsilence.B.Thechildrenwerenothappyorsatisfied(满意)withsomething.C.Thechildrenunderstoodandsupportedtheteacher'sdecision.D.Thechildrenguessedandimaginedtheirlifewithoutthepotatoes.(3)Howdidthechildrenfeelwhilecarryingthepotatoesforweeks?A.Interestedbuttired.B.Sadandworried.C.Excitedandpleased.D.Tiredandupset.(4)Whatlessondoestheteachertrytoteachthechildren?A.It'snevertoolatetoloveandhelpothers.B.It'snoteasytolearntocontrolbadfeelings.C.Trytokeepawayfromthepeopleyoudislike.D.Throwawayhateforanyonefromyourheart.(5)WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Somechildrendidn'tfinishthegame.B.Thepotatomeansthepersontheylike.C.Thegameendedoneandahalfmonthslater.D.Theydon'tneedtocarrythepotatoeswhentheygotothetoilet.20.(5分)Scientistshavefoundfloatingsolarpanels(浮动太阳能电池板)couldprovideahugeamountofelectricity(电量)iftheyareputonwater.Theycouldalsohelpsavewaterandprotectland.Solarpanelsareusedtoturnsunlightintoelectricity.Mostsolarpanelsareonland.Butrecentlypeoplehavebeguntoputfloatingsolarpanelsonwater.Thescientistsstudied114,555reservoirs(水库)intheworld.Theycovered30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.Andthentheyusedcomputerprogramstofindouthowmuchelectricitytheycouldmakeayear."Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge﹣morethantwicetheamountoftheenergytheUSmakesinayear,"saidoneofthescientists.Thescientistsfoundfloatingsolarpanelswouldbeespeciallyusefulwhenreservoirswerenearsmallercities.Theycouldprovidealltheelectricitythecitiesneed.Floatingsolarpanelscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(限制燕发)fromreservoirs.Solarpanelscoveringjust30%ofthereservoirscouldsaveasmuchwateras300,000peoplewoulduseinayear.Thereareseveralotherreasonsthatmakefloatingsolarpanelsagoodidea.Solarpanelsworkbetterwhenthey'renotveryhot.Thewaterhelpscoolthepanelssothattheymakemoreenergy.Puttingsolarpanelsonwateralsomeansthere'snoneedtoclearlandforasolarfarm.Coveringareservoirwithpanelscouldaffect(影响)theplantsandanimalsinthewater.Itwillbeimportanttostudyhowtheywillaffectwaterineachreservoir.Man﹣madereservoirswillsolvesomeofthoseproblems.(1)Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Scientistsweresurprisedattheresults.B.Nowmostsolarpanelsareputonwater.C.114,555floatingsolarpanelswereusedinthestudy.D.Scientistsstudied30%ofthereservoirsintheworld.(2)HowdoesthewritershowfloatingsolarpanelscansavewaterinParagraph4?A.Byusingsayings.B.Byaskingaquestion.C.Bygivinganexample.D.Bymakingaprediction.(3)HowmanyreasonsaregiveninParagraph5?A.Four.B.ThreeC.Two.D.One(4)Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin"______"?A.Floatingsolarpanelsaren'tperfect.B.Theideaisgettingpopularintheworld.C.Theideaisn'tasunusualasitmightseem.D.Thestudyoffloatingsolarpanelsarestillstrange.(5)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofcleanenergy.B.Theadviceonreservoirprotection.C.Thewayofmakinguseofreservoirs.D.Theadvantages(优点)offloatingsolarpanels.21.(5分)AslowtraininSouthwestChinawithitsownstudyroomhasgotmuchattention(关注).ThetrainNo5609/5610runsbetweenChongqingandXiushancounty.(1)Insomecarriages(车厢),therearenoseatsbutdesksandchairsnexttothewindows.Theybecome"studycarriages"forpassengersinneed.(2)meaning"travelingandreadinghappily".ThetrainNo5609/5610isnottheonlyoneofthiskind.Other"slowtrains"havebecome"studycarriages",too,includingNo5619/5620and5633/5634.TheyrunalongtheChengdu﹣KunmingRailway.(3)Thetrainsaretheirschoolbusesandtheyoftenusethetraveltimetofinishhomework.Manypassengersalsousethetraveltimetocompletework.A"bookbar"carriageonthetrainNoZ150hasbeenpopularwithcollegestudents.(4)Therearenearly400universitiesandcollegesinthecitiesalongtheline.Moststudentsfromthosecollegesliketochoosethistrain.(5)Itprovidesstudentswithalendinglibrary,freeteaandotherservicesatnight.It'sarelaxingplaceforthestudentstocontinuetheirstudies.A.It'sfarfromthecity.B.ItrunsbetweenGuiyangandBeijing.C.Youcanevenplaysportsonthetrain.D.Itisapublic﹣welfare(公益的)"slowtrain".E.Since2015,thetrain'sdiningcarhasbeenopenforfreeatnight.F.Onthetrain,thereareChinesewordsincluding"YuYueZhiLv",G.Studentsfromnearbyschoolsoftentakethetrainbetweenschoolandhome.VI.综合运用(共15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空白处填入一个适当的单词,或用括号中提示词的正确形式填空。22.(15分)"Ifeelgreat!"saidWangYapingwhenshecameoutoftheTiangongspacestation.(1)November7,the41﹣year﹣oldmadehistory.ShebecameChina's(2)(one)femalespacewalker!Wang,togetherwithastronautZhaiZhigang,completeda6.5﹣hourspacewalk.Wang'sspacedreamstartedin2003.Inthatyear,China(3)(send)YangLiweiintospace.Inordertoachieve(4)(she)dream,shepushedherselfhardandgotthesametrainingasmen.Since1984,only16womenaroundtheworld(5)(do)spacewalks,accordingtoGlobalTimes.Butfemalespacewalkersareveryimportanttospaceexploration(探索).Yangsaidthathumansmayliveonsomeother(6)(planet)someday.Wangsaidthatasastronauts,womenhavetheirownadvantages.Womencanbetterdealwithloneliness,soitismuch(7)forthemtostaylongerinspace.Itisveryimportant(8)(study)howfemalebodiesfitthespaceenvironment.That's(9)Wang'sspacewalkisimportant.Ifyouhaveachance,willyouchoosetobecome(10)astronautanddothespacewalk?Why?VII.阅读表达(共25分)23.(13分)Jacoblivedatthefootofthemountains.Therewasathickforest,andtheboyloveditverymuch.Heknewthebirdsandotheranimalsthereverywell.Oneday,whilehewasplayingintheforest,Jacobfoundaneaglewithabrokenwing(翅膀)Jacobfedtheeaglewithfreshmilkeveryday.Asthebirdgotstronger,itstartedtofollowJacobeverywhere.Jacobknewhecouldnotkeepitforlong.Itwastimetosettheeaglefree.Earlyonemorning,Jacobtooktheeaglehighupahill.Hethenletitgo.它愉快地飞向天空。Butsoon,itseemedtoremembersomething.ItflewdownagainandfollowedJacoballday.Itwasgettingdark.Jacobhadtodosomething.Herantoanearbycave(洞穴)sothatitcouldn'tfindhim.根据短文内容回答问题。(1)WhatwasthematterwiththeeaglewhenJacobfoundit?(2)HowdidJacoblookaftertheeagle?(不超过30词)(3)WhydidJacobtaketheeaglehighupthehill?(4)Afterreadingthepassage,whatdoyouthinkofJacob?Whydoyouthinkso?(5)根据短文内容填空,限填1词。Theeaglecouldn'tfindJacobbecauseheinanearbycave.(6)将划线句子译为英文。24.(12分)Whencharactersfallthroughtheskyincartoons,theyoftenlieonclouds.Whatisacloud?Andwhatwoulditfeelliketotouchacloudinreallife?Believeitornot,manyofushavealreadytouchedacloudthoughweprobablydidn'trealizeitatthetime."Cloudsarereallylittledropsofwaterintheair,"saysKristinaPistonedaywhereyoucan'tseeveryfar,you'rewalkingthroughacloud,"Pistonesaid.That'sbecausefogisjustakindof②thatformsontheground.AccordingtotheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization,therearemorethan100kindsofclouds.ButPistonesaidthatwithabitofpractice,anyonecanlearntorecognizesomeofthemorecommonclouds:Altocumulusclouds(高积云)Theyarewhiteorgrayroundclouds.Theylooklikethewool(羊毛)ofsheepsotheygetthename"sheepbacks".Cumulonimbusclouds(积雨云)Theyriseintotowersandlooklikelargeflowers.Cirrocumulusclouds(卷积云)Theyaresmall,whitecloudsoftenappearinginlines.Cirrusclouds(卷云)Theyarethin,whitepiecesofcloudsthatlieacrossthesky.Cloudcolorisalsointeresting.Blackordarkcloudsusuallymeanastormiscomingbecausethey'resofullofwaterthatlightcan'tpassthroughthem.Allofthisisimportantforscientiststostudybecausealotofbigwhitecloudshelpreflect(反射)heatbackintospace.云能对天气变化起作用。Sothenexttimeyouseeaskyfullofwhiteclouds,thinkaboutallthewaysthoselittlewaterdropsmightbeaffectingtheworldaroundus﹣notonlybyrainingorsnowing,butbychangingtheplanet'stemperature!(1)将划线句子Whencharactersfallthroughtheskyincartoons,theyoftenlieonclouds.译为汉语。(2)在①②处填入适当的词语,每空限填1词。①②(3)选出划线词汇recognize的汉语意思。A.辨认B.混淆C.影响D.遗忘(4)选出与四种云相匹配的图片。①Altocumulusclouds②Cumulonimbusclouds③Cirrocumulusclouds④Cirrusclouds(5)写出划线词汇them指代的内容。(6)将划线句子"云能对天气变化起作用。"译为英语。VIII.书面表达(共15分)25.(15分)在你的成长历程中,父母给予了很多,请你以"感恩父母"为主题,词数80﹣100。文章开头和结尾已给出,不计入总数。文中必须包含以下内容:(1)Parents'careandlove(2)Anunforgettablethingbetweenyouandparents(3)YourthanksALettertoMyParentsDearMumandDad,LovefromLiHua

2022-2023学年山东省青岛市崂山区八年级(下)期末英语试卷参考答案与试题解析听力(共15分)I.听对话和问题,选择正确答案。对话和问题读两遍。你将有10秒钟的时间完成有关小题和阅读下一小题。(共5分)1.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略Ⅱ.听短文,完成下列任务。(共10分)A.听第一遍短文,按照听到的顺序排序,你将有15秒钟的时间阅读下面的内容。6.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略B.再听这篇短文,根据短文内容,完成16-20小题,你将有15秒钟的时间阅读下面的内容。短文将再读两遍。7.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略笔试(共90分)Ⅲ.单项选择(共10分)从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。8.【分析】这位年轻人经常帮助邻居的老人。【解答】空处表示泛指,且helping以辅音音素开头。故选:A。【点评】本题考查冠词,表示泛指,应用a/an。9.【分析】在中国,根据三孩政策,每对夫妇可以生三个孩子。【解答】person人;god上帝;emperor皇帝tothree﹣child,此处是"根据三孩政策。故选:C。【点评】考查名词的辨析。熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择。10.【分析】王先生为改善工厂工人的工作条件做了许多工作。【解答】development发展;habit习惯;condition状况Wangalotimproveworking"可知。故选:D。【点评】考查名词辨析。熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择。11.【分析】—这是谁的笔记本,玛丽?是你的吗?—不,不是我的。这是约翰的。【解答】his他的,物主代词,名词性物主代词,名词性物主代词,名词性物主代词this?)及Nonot,不是我的,用yours"你的"代替yournotebook"你的笔记本"。故选:C。【点评】掌握代词的用法,分析选项,结合语境选择正确答案。12.【分析】妈妈微笑着对我说再见,但她的眼睛无法掩饰她的悲伤。【解答】A.失去;B.覆盖;D.隐藏eyes_____sadness。故选:D。【点评】熟悉动词词义及用法,结合题意,给出答案。13.【分析】为了摄入足够的维C,我们每天都应该吃一些水果和蔬菜。【解答】Atake,脱下衣服down取下in理解,摄入up占据Vitamin,动词只能搭配take。故选:C。【点评】掌握不同动词词组的词义是解答此题的关键。14.【分析】﹣不要在图书馆里大喊大叫。我说得清楚了吗?﹣是的。我不会再那样做了。【解答】A.清楚的;B.正确的;C.困难的。根据Stopinlibrary.DoImyself。我说得清楚了吗?故选:A。【点评】熟悉形容词词义及用法,结合题意,给出答案。15.【分析】下了一整夜的雪,整个城市完全被白色美丽的雪覆盖着。【解答】recently最近;completely完全;typically典型地,整个城市"完全"被白色美丽的雪覆盖着。故选:B。【点评】要结合语境,辨析副词用法,选择合适答案完成试题。16.【分析】我正在为安娜寻找一份生日礼物,但我没有找到有趣的任何东西。【解答】something某物;anything任何东西;nothing没有任何东西,所以anything符合题意。故选:B。【点评】本题考查不定代词辨析,基础题,熟悉每个选项的用法及含义,根据题干即可作出选择。17.【分析】直到绿灯亮了我们才能过马路。【解答】A.当……时;B.在……之后;D.直到。考查句型not...until...直到……才……故选:D。【点评】熟悉时间状语从句的用法,结合题意,给出答案。IV.完型填空(共10分)阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。18.【分析】本文讲述了小女孩听从青蛙的指示,得到大米的故事。【解答】(1)考查动词。句意:中国有一个古老的故事。A.游泳;C.钓鱼。根据Thegirlhernetheavywashappy(小女孩感觉到自己的渔网越来越重,一个小女孩出去钓鱼。(2)考查形容词。句意:当时发生了饥荒。A.疲倦的;C.口渴的。根据Thereafamine,每个人都饿极了。(3)考查复合不定代词。句意:当青蛙知道女孩想吃东西时。A.什么都没有,用于否定句或一般疑问句,用于肯定句。根据Thereafamine,当青蛙知道女孩想吃东西时,故用something。(4)考查动词。句意:小女孩听从了他的指示;B.打破;D.憎恨frogherhehelp,小女孩听从了他的指示。(5)考查连词。句意:我们不知道这个故事是否属实,对于中国人来说。A.如果;B.是否;D.无论何时,可知本句为宾语从句,根据or。故选B。(6)考查形容词。句意:我们不知道这个故事是否属实,对于中国人来说。A.相同的;C.愚蠢的。根据RicealwaysmainforChinese(大米一直是中国人的主要食物)可知。故选A。(7)考查名词。句意:几个世纪以来,许多中国人都是农民;B.周;D.世纪,几个世纪以来。(8)考查名词。句意:几个世纪以来,许多中国人都是农民;B.工人;D.教师,许多中国人都是农民。(9)考查介词。句意:他们为每一粒大米而努力劳作;B.通过;D.为了rice(每一粒大米)可知。故选D。(10)考查名词。句意:提供食物并拒绝对浪费说不是很重要的;B.你好;D.不not(不要浪费)可知。故选D。【点评】首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。V.阅读理解(共15分)阅读短文,选出最佳答案。A、B篇为选择最佳答案,C篇为七选五。19.【分析】老师让学生玩一个游戏,让他们把讨厌的人的名字写在土豆上,然后带着这些土豆六周。学生们开始抱怨,因为土豆开始变臭了,有些人还要背着很多土豆。老师告诉他们这个游戏的含义,就是让他们明白心中的仇恨会像臭土豆一样污染自己的心灵,让自己一生受苦。【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段Theygivepotatoaofathathatetheofwillonnumberpeoplehate.(他们会给每个土豆取一个他们讨厌的人的名字。)可知学生拿的土豆的数量取决于他们讨厌的人的数量。(2)推理判断题。根据第三段Daysby.Thegaveunpleasantandchildrenstartedto.(日子一天天过去了。腐烂的土豆发出难闻的气味。)可知此处是指孩子们对这个腐烂的土豆发出的难闻的气味感到不高兴。(3)推理判断题。根据第三段Thespoketheirandcomplainingthebecausehadcarryheavysmellywhereverwent.(孩子们说出了他们的感受。)可推知孩子们背了几周的土豆感觉是又累又沮丧的。(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段Thisexactlysituationyouyourforinsideheart.Thesmellhatepolluteheartyoucarrywithwherevergo.Ifcan't(忍受)smellrottenforsix,canimagineitlikehaveinheartyour?(这就是你对某人怀恨在心的情况,无论你走到哪里。如果你连腐烂土豆的味道都不能忍受六个星期?)可知老师想要告诉孩子们从心里把对任何人的恨抛之脑后。(5)细节理解题。根据第三段Theendedweeks。)可知游戏在一个半月后结束。【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。20.【分析】本文主要介绍了科学家发现,如果将浮动太阳能板放在水上,它们可以提供大量的电力,同时还有助于节约水资源和保护土地。【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据文章首句Scientistsfoundsolarprovideaamountofiftheyputwater.(科学家们发现,可以提供大量的电力,我们对这项研究了解是现在大多数太阳能电池板都装在水上。(2)细节理解题。根据第4段Thefoundsolarwouldespeciallywhenweresmallercouldallelectricitycitiessolarcanhelpwaterlimitingreservoirs.Solarcovering30%thecouldaswater300peopleuseayear.(科学家们发现,漂浮式太阳能电池板尤其有用。漂浮式太阳能板还可以通过限制水库的蒸发来帮助节水。)可知,故选:C。(3)细节理解题。根据第5段Thereseveralreasonsmakesolaragoodpanelsbetterthey'reverywatercoolpanelsthatmakeenergy.Puttingpanelswatermeansnotolandasolar。太阳能电池板在不太热的时候工作得更好,使其产生更多的能量。)可知,故选:B。(4)推理判断题。根据横线下文Coveringawithcouldtheandinwater.(用面板覆盖水库可能会影响水中的动植物,说的是面板缺点,故选:A。(5)主旨大意题。根据文章首句Scientistsfoundsolarprovideaamountofiftheyputwater.(科学家们发现,可以提供大量的电力,本文主要介绍了科学家发现,它们可以提供大量的电力。因此这段话主要讲浮动太阳能电池板的优点。【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。21.【分析】本文主要介绍了中国西南地区的"慢车",其中一些车厢被改造成了"学习车厢",提供给需要学习的乘客一个良好的学习环境。【解答】细节推理题。(1)根据前句AslowtraininSouthwestChinawithitsownstudyroomhasgotmuchattention(关注).ThetrainNo5609/5610runsbetweenChongqingandXiushancounty.(中国西南一列有自习室的慢车引起了人们的广泛关注。5609/5610次列车在重庆和秀山县之间运行,结合选项。"故选D。(2)根据后句meaning"travelingreading。)可知说的是愉悦之旅的含义,应说"在火车上,"故选F。(3)根据后句Thetrainstheirbusestheyusetraveltohomework.Manyalsothetimecomplete,他们经常利用旅行时间完成作业。)可知说的是乘坐的人,应说"附近学校的学生经常乘坐火车往返于学校和家之间。(4)根据后句Thereare400andincitiesthestudentsthoselikechoosetrain.(沿线城市有近400所大学和学院。)可知说的是运行的地点,应说"它在贵阳和北京之间运行。(5)根据后句Itprovideswithalibraryteaotheratarelaxingforstudentscontinuestudies.(它为学生提供夜间借阅图书馆,是学生们继续学习的放松之地,结合选项,列车餐车在夜间免费开放。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,保证上下文意思通顺,结合选项选出正确答案。VI.综合运用(共15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空白处填入一个适当的单词,或用括号中提示词的正确形式填空。22.【分析】本文主要讲述了中国宇航员王亚平成为第一个完成太空行走的中国女性,以及女性宇航员具有的优势。【解答】(1)考查介词。句意:11月7日。具体日期前应用介词on。故填On。(2)考查序数词。句意:她成为中国第一位女性太空漫步者,王应该是中国第一位女性太空漫步者。故填first。(3)考查动词。句意:在那一年。根据上文Wang'sdreamin。)可知,故填sent。(4)考查代词。句意:为了实现她的梦想,接受了和男人一样的训练,故填her。(5)考查动词时态。句意:据《环球时报》报道,全球只有16名女性进行过太空行走1984可知,主语是复数。(6)考查名词。句意:杨说有一天人类可能会生活在其他星球上other可知。故填planets。(7)考查形容词比较级。句意:女性能更好地应对孤独。根据上文Womenbetterwith,女性应该更容易在太空停留更长时间,故填easier。(8)考查动词不定式。句意:研究女性身体如何适应太空环境是非常重要的,固定句型。(9)考查疑问副词。句意:这就是为什么王的太空行走很重要,这就是为什么王的太空行走很重要。(10)考查冠词。句意:如果你有机会?根据句意和语境可知,以元音音素开头的单词前应用an。【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。VII.阅读表达(共25分)23.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了善良的雅各布救助一只受伤的老鹰的故事。【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段One,whilewasinforestfoundeagleabroken,当他在森林里玩的时候。)可知这只老鹰的一只翅膀断了(2)细节理解题。根据第二段Jacobitanditcleaned

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