2024届高考英语第一轮专项复习时事热点试题抢分秘籍之环保主题（附答案）

2024届高考英语第一轮专项复习时事热点试题抢分秘籍之环保主题一．完形填空（共2小题）1．Lauraencourageshertwokidstomakecraftsanddrawingsfromoldbitsofpackaging.Shebegan（1）herfamily'swastewhenshemovedhouseanddecidedthatshewouldleaveallsingle﹣use（2）behind."It'scheaperandyouknowthattheitemwill（3）beingusedinsteadofbeingsetaside—soit'sjustperfect!Eachofusplayabig（4）intakingcareoftheenvironment.It's（5）totrytohelpratherthanjustkeepcomplainingaboutthecurrentsituation."Anyglasscontaineris（6）andrepurposedforsomethingelse.Thismeansthatthefamilyonlysendapieceof（7）tolandfilleverytwoweeksonaverage.Shetriesnottobuyanyplasticatall，butwhenshehasto，shewillgetit（8）washedandrecycled.Thefamilyalsogrowtheirowntomatoes，lettuce，andsomeothervegetablesinthegarden，andhaveorangetreesoutdoors.Laurahasalso（9）herselfinacommunityoffriendswho（10）itemswitheachotherthattheyneed，likefurnitureorplates.Shesaid，"Wetriedto（11）theminimumandtakeoversometoysandbabyequipmentfromfriendsandrelatives.Ifwereallyhadto（12）anything，firstwetriedatthe（13）market."Tohelpeducateherkids，Lauratakesthemoutonnaturewalkstotheforestwherethey（14）rubbishastheygo."Theyenjoythis（15），becausetheyknowit'sbetterfortheenvironment."shesaid.（1）A．consideringB．reducingC．analyzingD．dividing（2）A．potsB．handlesC．itemsD．collections（3）A．continueB．stopC．fancyD．delay（4）A．gameB．leadC．matchD．role（5）A．originalB．enjoyableC．cautiousD．normal（6）A．paidbackB．leftoutC．washedupD．takenaway（7）A．equipmentB．furnitureC．glassD．rubbish（8）A．thoroughlyB．delightedlyC．modestlyD．accidentally（9）A．devotedB．foundC．exposedD．buried（10）A．occupyB．tradeC．discussD．clarify（11）A．refuseB．valueC．bookD．consume（12）A．purchaseB．discoverC．approachD．preserve（13）A．far﹣awayB．duty﹣freeC．second﹣handD．life﹣long（14）A．pulloutB．pickupC．holdbackD．keepoff（15）A．activityB．exerciseC．themeD．jungle2．Pangolins（穿山甲）aretheworld'smostheavilypoached（偷猎）mammal.AndthreeoutoffourAsianpangolinspeciesarecritically（1）now﹣heavydemandsfortheirmeat.scales，andbloodhave（2）themwithextinction.GrowingupnearCucPhuongNationalParkinVietnam'sRedRiverDelta，ThaiVanNguyenhadbeenaccustomedtoseeingdeadpangolins.（3），everythingchangedwhenhewitnessedhisneighborkillingababypangolin.Itwasthenthathis（4）tosavepangolinswasignited.Andheknewthebiggest（5）wouldbeshiftingthemindsetandhabitsoftheVietnamesepeople.Tochangethefateofthepangolins，Nguyensetoutto（6）thepublicontheimportanceofpangolinconservation.Hisefforts（7）aseriesofoutreachandeducationcampaigns：hepublishedresearchiner﹣reviewedjournals，attendedinternationalworkshops，anddevelopedVietnam'sfirstreintroductionandtrackingprogrammeforpangolins.ThenNguyenfoundedVietnam'sfirstAsianPangolinRehabilitationCenter.Sofarithasmanagedto（8）andreleasenearly500pangolinsandhas（9）torescueotherspeciesliketurtles.In2018，Nguyen（10）hiswork，creatingVietnam'sfirst﹣everanti﹣poachingunit，whichhasdestroyed9，701animaltraps，andarrested558peopleforpoaching﹣leadingtoasignificant（11）inillegalactivitiesinVietnam.Nguyendevoteshislifeto（12）pangolins，bringingglobalawarenessofpangolins'（13）.Hehopeshisdeedswillbringpangolinsbacktotheirrightfulplaceintheforest."It'smygreatestjoythatIcanreallymakea（14），hesaid.Anditisthisdevotionthat（15）wonhimtheGoldmanEnvironmentalPrizeforgrassrootsactivismin2021.（1）A．significantB．endangeredC．valuableD．dangerous（2）A．threatenedB．associatedC．matchedD．compared（3）A．ThereforeB．OtherwiseC．NeverthelessD．Moreover（4）A．potentialB．courageC．abilityD．passion（5）A．possibilityB．challengeC．goalD．risk（6）A．instructB．consultC．serveD．prepare（7）A．appliedtoB．countedonC．tookupD．beganwith（8）A．trapB．farmC．restoreD．relieve（9）A．expandedB．reducedC．hurriedD．turned（10）A．scheduledB．continuedC．suspendedD．developed（11）A．advanceB．resultC．revivalD．decline（12）A．seekingB．raisingC．freeingD．studying（13）A．sufferingsB．contributionsC．sacrificesD．experiences（14）A．fortuneB．differenceC．livingD．choice（15）A．particularlyB．primarilyC．naturallyD．eventually二．阅读理解（共12小题）3．ForthecriticallyendangeredIrrawaddydolphin，fishingequipmentisadeadlythreattotheirlives.InIndonesia'sMahakamRiver，two﹣thirdsofdolphindeathsinthepast25yearsweredrowningscausedbybeingtrappedinfishingnets.NowarelativelyinexpensiveandpracticalelectronicdeviceknownasPingershowspromiseforpreventingdolphinsfrombecomingtrapped.Theseunderwaternoisemakershavebeenusedtoprotectvariousmarinelife，butthisisthefirsttimethey'vebeenproveneffectiveatprotectingfreshwaterdolphins.Thesmallsounddevice，aboutthesizeofabanana，isattachedtoafishingnetandsendsoutapulsingnoise（脉冲噪声）thatannoysthedolphinsbutdoesn'tharmthem.Dolphinsarecapableofavoidingthenets，beingscaredoftryingtoseizefishfromthem，andcanthereforefeedandswimmoresafelyintheirhabitat.Fishers'nets，meanwhile，sustainlessdamageandthiscanmakefisherscontrolthecost.Pingersarelucrativetofishers'livelihoods.Asix﹣monthstudy，ledbyconservationorganizationYayasanKonservasiRASIandsupportedbyWWF，recentlyrevealedthatfisherswhousedthedevicessawa40%increaseintheirdailycatch—anadditional350to500poundsoffish—andtendedtocatchlargerfish，thusincreasingtheirprofits.Approximately80IrrawaddydolphinsliveintheMahakamRiver.SmallpopulationsarefoundintheMekongandAyeyarwadyrivers，where，inadditiontobeingtrappedbythefishingnets，they'reimpactedbytheworseninghabitat，unsustainablefishingpractices，aswellaswaterpollution.Duringthestudy，thereductionindolphinbycatchwassignificant.100%ofparticipatingfisherskeptusingthedevicesafterthetrialended，whichprovesthattheactionofusingthedevicetoprotectdolphinsfrombeingharmedorkilledisbecomingeffective.（1）Whyistheundewatersounddeviceapplied？A.Toexaminethehealthofdolphins.B.Toscarefishawayfromdolphins.C.Todecreasenoisearounddolphins.D.Tokeepdolphinssafefromfishingnets.（2）Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout？A.Pinger'sefficiency.B.Pinger'sworkingprinciple.C.Pinger'slimitations.D.Pinger'sworkingconditions.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"lucrative"inparagraph3mean？A.Sensitive.B.Familiar.C.Risky.D.Beneficial.（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs？A.Furtherresearchwillbecarriedout.B.Thenumberofdolphinsmayincrease.C.Dolphinswillmovetonewhabitats.D.Allfishershaveemployedthedevices.4．MywifeandIhavealwayshadanon﹣negotiablewhenlookingforaplacetorent：agasstove.Welovecookingtogether，andcountlessfoodshowshaveimpresseduponusthatthereisnothingmoreessentialtoatastymealthanaflame（火焰）.Thencametheshiftofworkforcingustomoveintoanewapartmentwithaninduction（电磁感应）cooker.Pastencounterswiththeslowandinconsistentheatingelementsofearlyelectricstoveshadsouredustotheideaofcookingwithelectricity，butittookonlyacoupleofdaysforustorealizethatournewinductioncookerwasfarsuperior：Waterboiledatlightningspeed；Icouldsetatimerandwalkawayknowingtheheatwouldautomaticallyturnoff.Ourbelatedswitchtoinductioncameamidariseofhorrifyingstoriesaboutthehealthandclimaterisksofgasstoves.Studieshavefoundcookingwithgasislikehavingsecondhandsmokeinthekitchen.Worsestill，theprimaryingredientthatfuelsgasstovesismethane，agreenhousegas80timesmoreharmfultotheenvironmentthancarbondioxide.That'swhyIfinallyquitusinggasstovesandabandonedmypriorconvictionthatIcouldneverliveinahomewithoutone.Don'tgetmewrong﹣there'sstillaplaceforflame，andthere'sareasonwhybarbecuedfoodissodelicious.Barbecuingfoodimpartsspecialflavourthatyoucan'texperiencewithanelectriccooker.Butdishesthattrulyrequirecookingoveranopenflamearetheexception，nottherule.Changingthefundamentalsofourlivesishard.Butjustaswehavestoppedcommutingbyhorse，orhavereplacedacoalfireplacewithcentralheating，it'stimetomovegasoutofourkitchens.Somemightbehorrified.Therestofus，though，canstepcalmlyintothefuture.Hopefullythegovernments，too，willsoonsmellthegas.（1）Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutcookingwithearlyelectricstoves？A.Unpleasant.B.Concerned.C.Panicky.D.Stressed.（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4？A.Theauthorregretsgivingupgasstoves.B.Barbecuedfoodistastierandhealthier.C.Itisacommonpracticetocookoutdoors.D.Gasstovesstillhavearoletoplay.（3）Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph？A.Beopentochanges.B.Bebraveinthefaceofuncertainty.C.Theoldshouldgivewaytothenew.D.Governmentsshouldbegasadvocates.（4）What'sthebesttitleofthetext？A.Barbecue：TastyorRiskyB.ANew"Flame"HasComeC.GasStoves：ToLeaveortoStayD.ElectricityHasTakentheLead5．Wereitnotformymask'srubbercoveringovermynose，nodoubthiswarm，fishybreathwouldhavemadetheexperiencecomplete，asanadultmaleAtlanticgreyseal（海豹）inspectedmetothewatersthatbatheCornwallandtheIslesofScilly.Thiswasacloseandmagicalswimming﹣with﹣sealsencounterfilmedforBBCTwo'sSpringwatchfouryearsago.Myjobistogetpeopletoloveandconnectwithnature，buttheexperiencestillleftmefeelingbothexcitedandconflicted.Isitpossiblethatwegetalittletooclose，andlovenaturealittletoomuch？Certainly，foranyoneworkinginwildlifemediaandtourism，therealityisthathabitatsandmanyspeciesoftencan'thandlelongtimeclosecontactwithhumans.Marinemammalstheymaybe，butsealsmustregularlyreturntodryland，hauling（牵引）themselvesoutofthewatertorest，digest，andreproduce.Haul﹣outsitesaretypicallyinaccessiblebeachesorrockytinyislandsafterthetidefallsaway.Thesesafeplacesbecomeaterrifyingdropwhendisturbed，particularlybywalkers，dogsandboatsfullofwildlifetourists.Whenfrightened，sealspreferescapingintoshallowseasor，worsestill，hardrocks，riskingbrokenjawsorbones.InScotlandinFebruary2021，abancameintoforcethatstoppedthefisheriesindustryfromshootingseals.Priortothis，sealsinScotlandcouldbeshotunderlicence.Sealgroupsandcharitiesarerevisingtheirpoliciestonolongerencouragepeopletoseekoutencounterswithsealseitherinoroutofthewater，especiallyduringthewintermonthswhenthegreysealpupping（产崽）seasonisinfullswing.Nomatterhowmuchweloveseals，remembertheyareterrifiedofus，sowereallyneedtoenjoythemfromadistance.Butthatisnottosaytherecan'tbeaconnection.Joiningorganisedsurveyshelpsmonitorsealsaswellasthehealthofourwaters.Themarinemammalshavemuchtodealwith，includingclimatechange，andwehavealottolearnfromtheseenvoys（使者）fromthesea.（1）Whydidtheauthorfilmswimming﹣with﹣sealsencounterfouryearsago？A．Togetpeopleclosetonature.B．ToinspectanAtlanticgreyseal.C．Tochallengehimselfinthewaters.D．TopromoteBBCTwo'sTVprogramme.（2）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheswimming﹣with﹣sealsexperience？A．Contradictory.B．Tolerant.C．Uncertain.D．Supportive.（3）Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingparagraph3？A．Todefinethehaul﹣outsitesofseals.B．Tointroducethelivinghabitofseals.C．Toprovehumans'disturbancetoseals.D．Topresentthesafetyproblemfacingseals.（4）Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoing？A．Stoppingshootingsealscompletely.B．Leavingsealsaloneespeciallyinwinter.C．Reducingtheinfluenceofclimatechangeonseals.D．Connectingwithsealsindirectlybyprotectingthem.6．DifferentforestsinthewesternUnitedStateshaveuniquecombinationsoftreesandbirds.Onetypehasbroad﹣leavedtreeslikeashandcottonwood，alongwithkingbirds.Anothertypehasevergreentreeslikepineandwhitespruce，alongwithjuncos.Ecologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturyonceclaimedtheseecologicalcommunitieswerepreciselybalancedsystems，whereeveryspecieshadaspecificroletoplayinacomplexmachine.Theybelievedthatremovingoraddinganyplant，bird，orinsect，coulddisruptthisbalanceandharmthehabitat.OneofthesepioneerecologistswasFrederickClements，whobelievedthatinaspecificclimatearea，ecologicalcommunitiesgraduallymovedtowardthemostbalancedandintegratedgroupofspeciesinthatregion.Clementswaschallengedbyanotherpioneerecologist，HenryGleason，whotooktheoppositeview.Gleasonviewedthecommunityaslargelyagroupofspecieswithsimilartolerancestothestressesgivenbyclimateandotherfactorstypicaloftheregion.Gleasonthoughtchanceplayedabigroleinwherespecieslived.Hisconceptsuggeststhatnatureisnothighlyintegrated.Eachspeciesisrespondingindividuallytoitssurroundings.Gleasonthoughtthingscouldchangeindifferentways，dependinguponlocalconditions.Whowasright？ItnowappearsthatGleasonwasmoreaccuratethanClements.Theecologicalcommunityismostlyarandomcollectionofspecieswithsimilarresponsestoaparticularclimate.Ashtreesarefoundinassociationwithcottonwoodtreesbecausebothcansurvivewellonfloodplainsandthecompetitionbetweenthemisnotsostrongthatonlyonecansurvive.Thisisnottosaythatpreciseharmoniesarenotpresentwithincommunities.Mostfloweringplantsrelyonpollinators（传粉者）.Butifweseeaprecisebalanceofnature，itislargelyaproductofourperception，duetothefalsebeliefthatnature，especiallyacomplexsystemlikeaforest，seemssounchangingfromonedaytothenext.（1）Early20thcenturyecologistscommonlyclaimedthat.A.eachspeciesplaysaspecificroleinthecommunityB.newspeciesneedtobeaddedascommunitiesdevelopC.maintainingprecisebalanceincommunityischallengingD.itisimportanttoprotectcommunitiesbyremovingcertainspecies（2）AccordingtoGleason，whatinfluenceswherespecieslive？A.Howindividualisticthespeciesis.B.Theirabilitytotoleratethestressesthere.C.Thenumberofsimilarspeciespresent.D.Theirwaystointegratewithotherspecies.（3）Whydoestheauthormentiontwokindsoftreesinparagraph3？A.Toshowgreaterspeciesvarietyinfloodplains.B.ToprovideevidencetosupportClements'theory.C.Togiveanexampleofspeciesthatprefertoliveonfloodplains.D.Tosupportthecurrentviewonhowecologicalcommunitiesdevelop.（4）Theunderlinedword"perception"inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto.A.cultureB.environmentC.understandingD.education7．ㅤTurningsoil，pullingweeds，andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis，saysAbbyJaramillo，whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts，aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow﹣incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills，environmentalawareness，andhealthylifestyles.ㅤJaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreencearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores."Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks，"shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful，dirtisawful，insectsareawful."Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt，mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.ㅤUrbanSprouts'classes，attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools，includehands﹣onexperimentssuchassoiltesting，flower﹣and﹣seeddissection，tastingsoffreshordriedproduce，andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear，studentscookthevegetablestheygrow，andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.ㅤProgramevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses."Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey'reeatingdifferently，"Jaramillosays.ㅤSheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides，workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents，manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues."Theygetoutside，"shesays，"andtheyfeelsuccessful."（1）WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo？A．Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B．Shegrewupinalowincomefamily.C．Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.D．SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.（2）WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram？A．Thekids'parentsdistrustedher.B．Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C．Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.D．Therewasnoceforschoolgardens.（3）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram？A．Far﹣reaching.B．Predictable.C．Short﹣lived.D．Unidentifiable.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A．RescuingSchoolGardensB．ExperiencingCountryLifeC．GrowingVegetableLoversD．ChangingLocalLandscape8．ㅤWhenJohnToddwasachild，helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse，observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder，Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.ㅤAfterstudyingagriculture，medicine，andfisheriesincollege，Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（细菌）？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer﹣causingchemicals？Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants，hefigured，maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco﹣machine.ㅤThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge（污泥）.First，heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle，thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.ㅤHewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco﹣machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.ㅤOvertheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse﹣likefacilitythattreatedsewage（污水）from1，600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco﹣machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.ㅤ"Ecologicaldesign"isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes."LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofrepartsfortheinventor，"hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself﹣repair."（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A．Hewasfondoftraveling.B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind.D．Helongedtobeadoctor.（2）WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks？A．Tofeedtheanimals.B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants.D．Totesttheeco﹣machine.（3）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou？A．ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C．TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.（4）WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork？A．Naturecanrepairitself.B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse.D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.9．ThisinMarch，IjumpedintoaheatedpoolinCaliforniatomeetadolphinnamedDelle.AsIapproachedher，Dellturnedtowardsmeandbecameplayful，greetingmebysplashingmewithherbeak.Delighted，Ireachedouttopathershinyskin.Itfeltrubbery，whichwasthemaingiveawaythatDellethedolphinwasarobot.Justasfake（假的）animalsarebecomingveryrealistic，it'sbecomingincreasinglylessacceptabletouseliveanimalsforentertainmentpurposesumentarieslikeBlackfish（2013）andTheCove（2009）haveexposedsomeofthehorrifictreatmentandsufferingofoceanmammals.Theresultingpublicprotesthasmadeaquariums（水族馆）controversialattractinglessvisitors.Arguably，entertainingpeoplewithcaptive（圈养的）animalsisvitalforanimalconservation.Manyzoosandaquariumsactivelytrytopromoteconservationeffortsbyprovidingeducationalexperiencesandencouraginginterestinthenaturalworld.Thistypeofentertainmentisuseful，becauseitinspirespeopletocare.Atfirst，thisseemslikeareasontoavoidreplacingtheanimalswithtechnology.However，researchintherapid﹣developedfieldofhuman﹣robotinteractionisshowingastonishingresultsonengagementwithrobotsthatcanimitatelifelikebehavior.Whenphysicallyinteractive，robotsattractalotofattention.Peopletendtotreatthemlikethey'realive，eventhoughtheyknowperfectlywellthey'rejustmachines.Ifwestarttoreplacetheanimalsinourthemeparkswithmachines，willthistrenddecreaseourwonderforthenaturalworld？Abunchofpeopleexpressednegativegutreactions（本能反应）afterIpostedvideooftherobotdolphinon.Andyet，Idon'tbelievethatusingthisrobotanimalswillcauseustoforgettheworthoflivingcreatures.（1）WhydoestheauthormentionDellainparagraph1？A.Toshareaspecialexperience.B.Topromoterubberydolphins.C.Todrawattentiontorobotanimals.D.Todescribeadolphinperformance.（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutliveanimalsinzoos？A.Theyarecruellytreated.B.Theymakezoospopular.C.Theyarewellentertained.D.Theydeserveconservation.（3）Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？A.Reasonsforreplacinganimalswithrobots.B.Benefitsofentertainingpeoplewithrobots.C.Researchresultsoninteractionwithrobots.D.Publicconcernsoverengagementwithrobots.（4）What'stheauthor'sattitudetoreplacinganimalswithmachines？A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.10．Theimpactoftheman﹣madeclimatecrisisonAntareticaisscientificallyundeniable：stableiceshelvesareretreating，airtemperatureincreasedby3degreesCelsius，krill（磷虾）numbersaredeclining，meltingiceiscontributingtosealevelrise，andpolarbearsandsealsaregettingdisplaced."Antareticbiodiversitycoulddeclinesubstantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual."JasmineRachaelLee，leadauthoroftheUniversityofQueenslandstudysays.PublishedinthejournalPLOSBiology，thestudyfindspopulationdeclinesarelikelyfor65%ofthecontinent'splantsandwildlifebytheyear2100.Themostvulnerable（脆弱的）speciesistheEmperorpenguins.InOctober2022，theU.S.FishandWildlifeServicelistedEmperorpenguinsasathreatenedspeciesundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct（ESA），asexpertspredicttheflightlessseabirdwillseea26%to47%dipinitspopulationby2050."ThislistingreflectsthegrowingextinctioncrisisandhighlightstheimportanceoftheESAandeffortstoconservespeciesbeforepopulationdeclinesbecomeirreversible（不可逆转）."saidServiceDirectorMarthaWilliamsatthetime.AsidefromEmperorpenguins，otherAntarcticspecialists，liketheAdélicpenguinanddrysoilnematodes，werealsohighlyvulnerable.WeurgentlyneedacombinationofglobalandlocalconservationactiontobestconserveAntarcticspecies.Globalactionandglobalvoicestohelprelieveclimatechange—becausethebiggestthreattoAntareticaiscomingfromoutsideofit.Andthenweneedlocalactionstohelpprotectbiodiversityagainstlocalthreatsandgivethemthebestchanceofadaptingtoclimatechanges.Thiswillhelptosaveouriconic（代表性的）speciesliketheEmperorpenguinsandallofAntaretical'suniqueandhighlyadaptedinhabitants.Itwillalsohelphumankind，aswerelyheavilyonthepricelessservicestheAntarcticprovidesinregulatingourclimateandcapturingsealevelinitsicesheets.（1）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1？A．Theimpactofclimatecrisisisusuallydenied.B．Conservationeffortsarebadlyneeded.C．AirtemperatureonAntarcticincreases3℃annually.D．Sealevelriseresultsinscabirdslosingtheirhabitats.（2）WhyistheEmperorpenguinmentionedinParagraph2？A．ToserveasacalltoprotectwildlifeonAntaretic.B．Toreflectthegrowingpopulationofwildspecies.C．ToprovetheeffectivenessoftheEndangeredSpeciesAct.D．Tohighlightthesevereimpactofrisingtemperature.（3）Whatisprobablythebestconservationpolicy？A．ReducingthechancesofmakingatriptoAntaretic.B．Makingjointeffortstorelieveclimatechange.C．Attemptingtoprovideessentialnutrientstotheecosystem.D．ContinuingtocarryforwardtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A．PlantsandWildlifeonAntarcticaWillDeelineQuicklyB．AntareticSpeciesAreVulnerabletoHumanThreatsC．MoreActionShouldBeTakentoProtectWildlifeonAntareticaD．TheBestConservationStrategyWillBeCarriedOutSoon11．Afterbeingdriventonearextinction，wolvesarebackinWashingtonstate.Wolf32M，calledTheOldGuybywolfspecialistBenMaletzke，livedsome12yearsasthepatriarch（族长）oftheTeanawayPack，kickingofftherecoveryofwolvesinWashington.Thepack'sterritorywasroastedbywildfirein2014.Butwolf32Mandhisfamilyremainedinexistence，bringingthecallofthewildbackforthefirsttimeinacentury.ThesewolvesarewhatMaletzkecallssteppingstonesinrecovery﹣﹣theanimalsthatcouldhelpleadthewa