海南省琼海市2023-2024学年高三年级下册开学英语 含解析

2024年2月海南省高三年级春季学期开学摸底联考

英语试卷

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选择涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签

字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.Whatsizewillthemanbuy?

A.Small.B.Medium.C.Large.

2.HowmanypetsdotheBrownshave?

A.5.B.6.C.7.

3.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthesuit?

A.$270,B.$300.C.$330.

4.Whereisthebank?

A.OnThirdStreet.B.OnPineStreet.C.Ontheleftoftheman.

5.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodo?

A.Curetheman.B.Hurttheman'sears.C.Makeherselfheard.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheirhome.B.Neartherockgarden.C.Inanearbypark.

7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Waitfortenminutes.B.Writetheletterforhim.C.Gototheparkandwaitthere.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.HowisChinahandlinggrowingdeserts?

A.BuildingtheGreatWall.B.Circlingthedeserts.C.Plantingmoretrees.

9.WhatdoweknowabouttheGreenWall?

A.ItwillbelongerthantheGreatWall.

B.ManycountriesbuiltGreenWalls.

C.Itismakingdesertssmaller.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatdoesthedoctorrecommendthemantodo?

A.Havesurgery.B.Stayinthehospital.C.Gohomeandrest.

11.Whatcouldtheinfectioncausethethroattodo?

A.Swellup.B.Hurtalot.C.Bleed.

12.Howwillthedoctordealwiththeinfection?

A.Operateontheman.B.Givethemanmedicine.C.Helpthemanbreathe.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.Offeringandgettingadvice.

B.Borrowingandlendingmoney.

C.Balancingstudyandwork.

14.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Gotothestateuniversity.

B.Borrowmoneyfromtheman.

C.Attendamoreexpensiveuniversity.

15.Whydoesthewomanwanttogetapart-timejob?

A.Tofollowherfather^example.

B.Topayoffthedebts.

C.Topaythetuition.

16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Getapart-timejob.B.Focusonthestudy.C.AskMotherforhelp.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Howmanylevelsofcoursesdoestheprogramoffer?

A.Seven.B.Eight.C.Twelve.

18.Whatisthestrengthoftheprogram?

A.Itcanmeetpersonalneeds.

B.Itisavailablethroughouttheyear.

C.ItprovidescoursesonU.S.culture.

19.Whatcanstudentsgetiftheyperformwellinanend-of-sessiontest?

A.Acourseforfree.

B.Achancetoworkpart-time.

C.Apromotiontoahigherlevel.

20.WhatdoestheLanguageCenterBonusProjectoffer?

A.Extrapracticehours.B.Socialactivities.C.Fieldtrips.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

NeedaJobThisSummer?

Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.The

deadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.

Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelp

peopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合条件）forthisprogram,

whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社区）.

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartand

runtheirownsummerbusinesses.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.

StewardshipYouthRangerProgram

YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojects

foreightweeksthissummer.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.

SummerEmploymentOpportunities

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyof

summerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29for

personswithadisability.

1.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?

A.15-18.B.15-24.C.16-17.D.15-29.

2.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?

A.SummerCompany.B.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.

C.JobsforYouth.D.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.

3.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

A.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.

B.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.

C.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.

D.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.

【答案】l.C2.B3.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由省级政府及合作伙伴为学生提供的暑期工的信息。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章中第三个项目StewardshipYouthRangerProgram中的“Studentsaged16or17at

timeofhire.（雇佣年龄为16或17岁的学生）”可知，这个项目雇用的学生应该是16或17岁，故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswitha

disability.（有些职位要求学生年龄在15岁至24岁之间，或者残疾人的年龄在29岁以下。）”可知，

SummerEmploymentOpportunities能为残疾人提供工作机会，故选B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章中第二个项目SummerCompany中的"SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswith

hands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.（Summer

Company为学生提供实践性商业培训和高达3000美元的奖励，帮助他们开办自己的暑期业务。）”可

知，这个项目的特别之处在于它可以为学生提供经营新业务的奖励，故选A。

B

Inthecampusbookstore,IshopfortheitemsonMorrie'sreadinglist.IpurchasebooksthatIneverknew

existed,titlessuchasYouth:IdentityandCrisis,IandThou,TheDividedSelf.

BeforecollegeIdidnotknowthestudyofhumanrelationscouldbeconsideredscholarly.UntilImetMorrie,

Ididnotbelieveit.

Buthispassionforbooksisrealandcontagious.Webegintotalkseriouslysometimes,afterclasswhenthe

roomhasemptied.Heasksmequestionsaboutmylife,thenquoteslinesfromErichFromm.MartinBuber,Erik

Erikson.Oftenhedeferstotheirwords,footnotinghisownadvice,eventhoughheobviouslythoughtthesame

thingshimself.ItisatthesetimesthatIrealizeheisindeedaprofessor,notanuncle.Oneafternoon,Iam

complainingabouttheconfusionofmyage,whatisexpectedofmeversuswhatIwantformyself.

“HaveItoldyouaboutthetensionofopposites?^^hesays.

Thetensionofopposites?

"Lifeisaseriesofpullsbackandforth.Youwanttodoonething,butyouareboundtodosomethingelse.

Somethinghurtsyou,yetyouknowitshouldn't.Youtakecertainthingsforgranted,evenwhenyouknowyou

shouldnevertakeanythingforgranted.^^

“Atensionofopposites,likeapullonarubberband.Andmostofuslivesomewhereinthemiddle.”

“Soundslikeawrestlingmatch,"Isay.

“Awrestlingmatch.^^Helaughs.t6Yesyoucoulddescribelifethatway.”

“Sowhichsidewins,^^Iask?

“Whichsidewins?”

Hesmilesatme,thecrinkledeyes,thecrookedteeth.

“Lovewins.Lovealwayswins.^^

4.WhichofthefollowingistherelationshipbetweentheauthorandMorrie?

A.Uncleandnephew.B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Friends.D.Classmates.

5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthestory?

A.Theauthor'scollegetimeisamazing.

B.Weshouldloveeveryoneinlife.

C.Morrieisaseniorfullofwisdom.

D.Thereisalwayssurpriseinthecampusbookstore.

6.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorwritingunderlinedsentences?

A.ToexpressthatMorrieisunreliable.

B.ToshowtheconfidenceandprideofMorrie.

C.Toshowhowfunnytheauthor'squestionis.

D.Tocontrastwiththeauthor'sdisappointment.

7.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothedialogue?

A.Twoforcesinlifelimitourdevelopment.

B.Weneedtotakeanythingforgrantedifwewanttogoon.

C.Wearesandwichedbetweentwoforcesinourlives.

D.Sincereandlovingheartcanhealthelife.

【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Morrie告诉作者生活就像一场对抗，充满着矛盾，要处理和应对这些对立面

所带来的挑战和困惑。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的“ItisatthesetimesthatIrealizeheisindeedaprofessor,notanuncle.（正是在这

些时候，我才意识到他确实是一位教授，而不是一位叔叔）”可知，作者和莫里之间是师生关系，故选

Bo

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Lovewins.Lovealwayswins.（爱会取得胜利。爱总是会取得胜利的）”可

知，作者想通过讲述这个故事来表达我们应该爱生活中的每一个人。故选B。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据“"Sowhichsidewins,"Iask."Whichsidewins?”Hesmilesatme,thecrinkledeyes,the

crookedteeth.“Lovewins.Lovealwayswins."（我问,哪一方会赢？“哪一方会赢？”他朝我微笑，皱着的

眼睛，歪着牙齿。“爱会取得胜利。爱总是会取得胜利的。”）”可知，作者要知道问题的答案，而

Morrie的答案是作者想象不到的。由此推知，这句话的目的为了凸显出作者的失望，故选D。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。通读全文，根据最后一段的“Lovewins.Lovealwayswins.（爱会取得胜利。爱总是会取得胜

利的）”可知，真诚和爱心可以治愈生活中的不快，故选D。

C

Duringthe2020-2021schoolyear,duetoaspecialevent,Iwasoneoftwofullyremotefourth-gradeteachers

inmyschool.Weeachtaughttherequireddisciplines:Englishlanguagearts,math,socialstudies,andscience.

Giventhereduceddistributiontimeoncamerawithstudents,theflexibilityoffocusingonadditionaltopicswas

almostimpossible.Yet,whileIwasvirtuallyteachingalifesciencesunit,a"teachablemoment“onnewsliteracy

cameup.

Theskillbeingtaughtwassupposedtobetocompareandcontrast,arequirementinfictionandnonfiction

texts——alessonthatallliteracyeducatorsarefamiliarwithandhavetoolsintheirtoolboxestoaddress.My

studentswereintriguedbyasidebar（彳则边栏）thatsaidthecrabshaveaplant-baseddiet,eatingsuchitemsas

leaves,fruits,andflowers.Oneofthekids-anexperiencedsocialmediauser-thensaidsomethingwild:crabs

eattheirbabies.

Theyallperkedup（活跃起来）.Suddenlyitseemedeveryonewasinterestedinthelesson.Ihadn'tplanned

onteachingnewsliteracyskills,butitbecameclearthatweneededtotakethatdetour（绕道而彳亍）.Itwasalmost

timeforabreak,soIaskedmystudentstoseeiftheycouldfigureoutwhatredcrabseat.

Whenwereturned,westartedalistofwhatwe'dfound.Thefirstfewstudentssaiditwastrue:redcrabsdo

eattheirbabies.Oneespeciallythoughtfulstudentfoundavideowithover600,000viewsthatseemedto

corroboratethenotionthatcrabseattheirbabies.Duringthebreak,however,Ifoundawebsitedisagreeingwith

theexactvideomystudenthadshared.Likesomuchmisinformation,therewassometruthtothevideo,butitwas

highlymisleading.

Ratherthanteachanotherlessononcomparingandcontrasting,Iengagedmystudentsinadiscussionabout

sourcingandhowtoknowwhattotrust.Wefocusedonfamousnewsorganizationsandhowtospotsignsofbias.

Weengagedin"'lateralreading^^:amethodofgoingtoothersitestolearnaboutthosesourcesthatweweren'tsure

about.

8.Howdidthespecialeventhaveaneffectontheauthor'steaching?

A.Hewastheonlyonetoteachdisciplinesonlineintheschool.

B.Thelengthofanonlinecoursewasreduced.

C.Hewasnotallowedtotalkaboutadditionaltopics.

D.Thedisciplineshetaughtbecamefewer.

9.Whichwordscanbeusedtodescribetheatmosphereofthelesson?

A.Interestingandopen.B.Relaxingandnoisy.

C.Seriousandquiet.D.Livelyandcompetitive.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?

A.Oppose.B.Doubt.C.Ignore.D.Prove.

11.Whatdoesthepassagewanttoteachus?

A.Theabilitytocompareandcontrastisvaluable.

B.Ateachershouldbeknowledgeableenoughtoanswerquestionsfromstudents.

C.Gathermoreinformationwhenwehavenoideaofwhattotrust.

D.Criticalthinkingandthecouragetoquestionarekeytofindingthetruth.

【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位四年级教师在线授课时引导学生进行信息辨别和批判性

思维训练。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段的"Giventhereduceddistributiontimeoncamerawithstudents,theflexibilityof

focusingonadditionaltopicswasalmostimpossible.（考虑到与学生在镜头前的分配时间减少，专注于其他主

题的灵活性几乎是不可能的）”可知，这个特殊事件对作者的教学带来的影响是在线课程的时长被缩短

了。故选B。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的“Theyallperkedup.Suddenlyitseemedeveryonewasinterestedinthelesson.（他

们都活跃起来。突然间，似乎每个人都对这堂课感兴趣了）”和最后一段的“【engagedmystudentsina

discussionaboutsourcingandhowtoknowwhattotrust.（我让他们参与了一场关于资源来源以及如何知道什

么是值得信任的讨论）”可推知，课堂气氛有趣又开放。故选A。

【10题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第四段的“Oneespeciallythoughtfulstudentfoundavideowithover600,000viewsthat

seemedtocorroboratethenotionthatcrabseattheirbabies.”可知，一位特别有思想的学生发现了一段观看次

数超过60万的视频，该视频似乎corroborate了螃蟹吃蟹宝宝的说法。结合前文的“Whenwereturned,we

startedalistofwhatwe'dfound.Thefirstfewstudentssaiditwastrue:redcrabsdoeattheirbabies.（当我们回来

的时候，我们开始列出我们发现的东西。前几个学生说这是真的：红蟹确实会吃它们的宝宝）”可知，那

名学生寻找视频就是为了证实他们的发现。由此可知，划线词与prove“证明”意思一致。故选D。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后——段的uRatherthanteachanotherlessononcomparingandcontrasting,Iengagedmy

studentsinadiscussionaboutsourcingandhowtoknowwhattotrust.Wefocusedonfamousnewsorganizations

andhowtospotsignsofbias.Weengagedin"lateralreading^^:amethodofgoingtoothersitestolearnabout

thosesourcesthatweweren'tsureabout.（我没有再给学生上一节关于比较和对比的课，而是让他们参与了一

场关于资源来源以及如何知道什么是值得信任的讨论。我们专注于著名的新闻机构，以及如何发现偏见

的迹象。我们进行了“横向阅读”：一种去其他网站了解那些我们不确定的资源的方法）”可推知，这篇

文章想要告诉我们批判性思维和质疑的勇气是找到真相的关键。故选Do

D

Arecentreportfromahighereducationadvisingorganizationsaysnearly40percentofAmericanemployers

avoidofferingjobstorecentcollegegraduates.

TheysaidmembersofGenerationZ,or“GenZ”,thegroupofAmericansbombetween1997and2012,

makealotofmistakesinjobinterviews.Theysaytheywouldratheremployolderworkerswhoworkharderand

aredependable.

ThereportcameoutinDecemberandnotedthat,of800directors,managersandexecutivesaskedquestions,

38percentsaidtheyfavorolderworkers.About20percentofemployerssaidyoungpeoplebroughtaparentwith

themtoajobinterview.Almost60percentofthosesurveyedsaidrecentcollegegraduatesareunpreparedfor

workandabouthalfsaidtheyhadtodismiss,orfire,arecentcollegegraduate.Otherssaidtheyoungworkersdo

nottakecriticismwell.

Becauseofbadexperienceswithyoungerworkers,morethanhalfofthebusinessleaderssaidtheyare

puttingpoliciesinplacethatolderworkerswant.Forexample,theyareofferingbenefitsthatareimportantto

olderworkers,payinghighersalariesandpermittingolderworkerstoworkfromhome.

OnerespondentgaveanexampleofaGenZjobseekerwhorefusedtoturnontheircameraduringavideo

interview.MichaelConnorsisarecruiterintheWashington,D.C.area.Hesaidhehasnothadajobcandidate

sayingtheywillnotusetheircameraforinterviews.However,hehashadsomecandidateschoosingnoisyplaces

forcalls.

AdamCapozziisthecareerservicesdirectoratSyracuseUniversityinNewYorkState.Hesaidwhilemany

studentsareverygoodaboutonlinecommunication,anddatamanagementandhaveexperiencewith

spreadsheets,theyneedhelpwiththe“softskills"."Youcouldbeinanelevatorataspecificofficebuildingorata

differentestablishmentandbumpintosomeoneandstrikeupa30-secondconversationandnotknowwhothey

areassociatedwithandapositivefirstimpressioncanleadtofurtherconversation.^^

12.WhichofthefollowingaboutsomeAmericanemployers9opinionsonGenZmembersisNOTtrue?

A.Theydon'tworkasdiligentlyasolderemployees.

B.Theyarelessreliablethanolderemployees.

C.Theyarenotfullypreparedinjobinterviews.

D.Theymakemanyerrorsintheworkplace.

13.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs3to5?

A.Of496directors,managersandexecutivesareinfavorofyoungerworkers.

B.Morethanhalfofthebusinessleadersareimplementingpoliciesolderworkerswant.

C.StrangebehaviorofGenZjobcandidatesintheinterviewshasdissatisfiedrecruiters.

D.MichaelConnorsdoesn'tmindwhetherjobseekersturnontheircameras.

14.Why"softskills^^aresoimportantintheworkplace?

A.Becausetherearemanyoccasionswhereweneedtousetheskills.

B.Becausetheskillscanhelpworkersgetpromotedquickly.

C.Becausetheskillscanestablishagoodrelationshipbetweenyouandothers.

D.Becausetheskillscanimprovetheworkers5experienceintheworkplace.

15.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.USBusinessesAreConcernedaboutHiringYoung,"GenZ"Workers.

B."GenZ”Workers9DifferentPersonalitiesintheWorkplace.

C.WhyOldWorkersAreMoreWelcomedthan“GenZ”Workers?

D.American"GenZ"MembersAreFacingUnemploymentNowadays.

【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。一家高等教育咨询机构最近的一份报告称，近40%的美国雇主避免向应届大

学毕业生提供工作。

12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的"TheysaidmembersofGenerationZ,or'GenZ',thegroupofAmericansborn

between1997and2012,makealotofmistakesinjobinterviews.（他们表示，1997年至2012年间出生的美国

人Z世代在求职面试中犯了很多错误。）”可知，Z世代不是在工作中犯了很多错误。故选D。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的"ThereportcameoutinDecemberandnotedthat,of800directors,managersand

executivesaskedquestions,38percentsaidtheyfavorolderworkers.About20percentofemployerssaidyoung

peoplebroughtaparentwiththemtoajobinterview.Almost60percentofthosesurveyedsaidrecentcollege

graduatesareunpreparedforworkandabouthalfsaidtheyhadtodismiss,orfire,arecentcollegegraduate.

Otherssaidtheyoungworkersdonottakecriticismwell.（这份于去年12月发布的报告指出，在接受调查的

800名董事、经理和高管中，38%的人表示他们更喜欢年长的员工。大约20%的雇主表示，年轻人会带父

母一起去面试。近60%的受访者表示，应届大学毕业生对工作毫无准备，约一半的人表示，他们不得不

解雇或解雇应届大学毕业生。还有人说，这些年轻的工人不善于接受批评。）”可知，Z世代求职者在面

试中的奇怪行为让招聘者感到不满。故选C。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的"Youcouldbeinanelevatorataspecificofficebuildingoratadifferent

establishmentandbumpintosomeoneandstrikeupa30-secondconversationandnotknowwhotheyare

associatedwithandapositivefirstimpressioncanleadtofurtherconversation.（你可能在某座办公楼的电梯

里，或者在不同的场所，偶然遇到某人，开始了30秒的交谈，不知道他们是谁，积极的第一印象可能会

导致进一步的交谈。）”可知，“软技能”在职场中重要是因为它们可以让你和他人建立良好的关系。故

选C。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Arecentreportfromahighereducationadvisingorganizationsaysnearly40

percentofAmericanemployersavoidofferingjobstorecentcollegegraduates.（一家高等教育咨询机构最近的

一份报告称，近40%的美国雇主不向刚毕业的大学毕业生提供工作。）”和第三段的“Thereportcameout

inDecemberandnotedthat,of800directors,managersandexecutivesaskedquestions,38percentsaidtheyfavor

olderworkers.About20percentofemployerssaidyoungpeoplebroughtaparentwiththemtoajobinterview.

Almost60percentofthosesurveyedsaidrecentcollegegraduatesareunpreparedforworkandabouthalfsaid

theyhadtodismiss,orfire,arecentcollegegraduate.Otherssaidtheyoungworkersdonottakecriticismwell.（这

份于去年12月发布的报告指出，在接受调查的800名董事、经理和高管中，38%的人表示他们更喜欢年

长的员工。大约20%的雇主表示，年轻人会带父母一起去面试。近60%的受访者表示，应届大学毕业生

对工作毫无准备，约一半的人表示，他们不得不解雇或解雇应届大学毕业生。还有人说，这些年轻的工

人不善于接受批评。）”以及上下文可知，本文主要讲述Z世代求职者在面试中的奇怪行为让招聘者感到

不满，即美国企业对雇佣年轻的“Z世代”员工感到担忧。故选A。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Someoftheoldestlivingthingsonourremarkableplanetaretrees.Therecordholdersarebristleconepines

（狐尾松）ofthewesternUnitedStates,quiteafewofwhichareknowntobemorethan3,000yearsold.One

individual,discoveredin2012,isestimatedtobemorethan5,060yearsold,makingittheoldestknownnon-

clonaltreeintheworld!16:individualsacrossanumberofothertreespecieshavealsobeenaroundfor

thousandsofyears.

So,howdotreessurviveforthousandsofyears?17.Undoubtedly,partoftheanswerliesinluck.

Ancienttreeshaveobviouslynotsubmittedtodeadlydiseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,or

thehumanaxeinthecenturiesandcenturiesthattheyhavequietlyendured.

Theotherpartoftheanswerhastodowithhowtreesage.Infact,thereisquiteadebateaboutwhether

ancienttreescanbeconsidered“immortal（永生的）Thatis,willsuchtreeseverdieiftheyarenotkilledbyan

outsideforce?Wemayneverknowtheanswertothat,but,attheveryleast,18.Whilecelldeathisan

importantfactorintheagingofhumansandotheranimals,onestudyfoundlittleevidenceofcelldeathinthe

ginkgotreevascularcambium（电艮杏树维管形成层）.Inaddition,astudyofbristleconepinepollen（花粉）found

nosignificantincreaseinmutation（变异）rateswithage,whichisanotherfactorassociatedwithanimalaging.

19.

Oldertreesbenefitgreatlyfromhavingbodiesmademostlyofdeadwoodytissue.Infact,anoldtreemight

beasmuchas95percentdeadtissue!Giventhatitisn'talive,wooddoesnotrequiremetabolic（新陈代谢的）

activitytomaintainit,20.

A.soanoldtreedoesn'treallyneedtodomuchtokeepliving

B.Thisisaquestionthathassomethingtodowiththegoodluckoftrees

C.However,bristleconesarecertainlynotaloneintermsoftheoldestcreatures

D.Thisisafascinatingquestionforbiologiststhatdoesnotyethaveasettledanswer

E.Whafsmore,someancienttreeshavesuperiorchemicaldefensesagainstpestsanddiseases

F.whichmeansthattreescansurviveeverywherewithoutbeinglimitedbyexternalandinternalconditions

G.weknowthatancienttreesageinwaysthataredramaticallydifferentfromthewaysthatmostanimalsand

evenotherplantsage

【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了古树寿命长的原因。

【16题详解】

由上文“Therecordholdersarebristleconepines（狐尾松）ofthewesternUnitedStates,quiteafewofwhichare

knowntobemorethan3,000yearsold.Oneindividual,discoveredin2012,isestimatedtobemorethan5,060

yearsold,makingittheoldestknownnon-clonaltreeintheworld!（在我们这个非凡的星球上，一些最古老的

生物是树木。纪录保持者是美国西部的狐尾松，其中相当一部分的树龄已经超过3000年。2012年发现的

一棵树估计有5060多岁，是世界上已知最古老的非克隆树！）”和后文Ubutalsoaboutbeingagood

listener（许多其他树种的个体也已经存在了数千年）”可知，本句要表不是只有狐尾松古老，故C选项

uHowever,bristleconesarecertainlynotaloneintermsoftheoldestcreatures（然而,就最古老的生物而言，

狐尾松肯定不是唯一的）”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。

【17题详解】

由下文^Undoubtedly,partoftheanswerliesinluck.Ancienttreeshaveobviouslynotsubmittedtodeadly

diseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,orthehumanaxeinthecenturiesandcenturiesthatthey

havequietlyendured.（毫无疑问，部分原因在于运气。古树显然没有屈服于致命的疾病，害虫，火灾，干

旱，风暴，山体滑坡，或人类的斧头在他们默默地忍受了一个又一个世纪。）”可知，本空要说跟“运

气”有关的话题，故B选项“Thisisaquestionthathassomethingtodowiththegoodluckoftrees（这个问题

与树木的好运有关）”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。

【18题详解】

由上文“Theotherpartoftheanswerhastodowithhowtreesage.（答案的另一部分与树木如何老化有

关。）”可知，本空要说跟“如何老化”有关的话题，Wemayneverknowtheanswertothat,but,at

theveryleast（我们可能永远不会知道答案，但至少）”可知，前文说不知道的事情，本空说至少知道的一

件事，且与“如何老化”有关,故G选项“weknowthatancienttreesageinwaysthataredramatically

differentfromthewaysthatmostanimalsandevenotherplantsage（我们矢口道，古树的衰老方式与大多数动物

甚至其他植物的衰老方式截然不同）”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。

【19题详解】

由上文“Inaddition,astudyofbristleconepinepollen（花粉）foundnosignificantincreaseinmutation（变异）

rateswithage,whichisanotherfactorassociatedwithanimalaging.（此外，一项对狐尾松花粉的研究发现，

突变率没有随着年龄的增长而显著增加，这是与动物衰老有关的另一个因素。）”可知，这种现象是有趣

的，故D选项“Thisisafascinatingquestionforbiologiststhatdoesnotyethaveasettledanswer（对于生物学

家来说，这是一个有趣的问题，但还没有一个确定的答案）”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。

【20题详解】

由上文“Oldertreesbenefitgreatlyfromhavingbodiesmademostlyofdeadwoodytissue.Infact,anoldtree

mightbeasmuchas95percentdeadtissue!Giventhatitisn'talive,wooddoesnotrequiremetabolic（新陈代谢

的）activitytomaintainit,（老树的身体主要由死亡的木质组织构成，这对它们大有好处。事实上，一棵老

树的坏死组织可能高达95%!鉴于它不是活的，木材不需要代谢活动来维持它。）”可知，老树不需要

新陈代谢，故A选项“soanoldtreedoesn'treallyneedtodomuchtokeepliving（所以一棵老树其实不需要

做什么来维持生命）”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

SeanSherman,aged49,hasdedicatedhiscareerasa21tocelebratingNativeAmericancuisine.

Forhisefforts,hereceivedthe2023JuliaChildAward,which22thosewhomakeadifferenceinhow

peoplecookandeat.HeisthefirstNativeAmericantobe23withtheawardwhichcomeswith