2024年中考英语语法 被动语态笔记

全国2024年中考英语语法优培生被动语态

笔记

PassiveVoice

•模块一需要使用被动语态的情况

・模块二各时态的被动语态结构

•模块三主动语态和被动语态的转换

・模块四双宾语结构的被动转换

•模块五不能使用被动语态的词和词组

•模块六常见主动语态表被动的词和词组

,模块七havesth.done的双重含义

模块一1需要使用被动语态的情况O

1.不知道或不必提及动作的执行者

>Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.

这座桥建于1700年。

2.强调动作的承受者

>Frankwashitbyacar.

弗兰克被车撞了。

3.说话者希望所说的内容更加客观，避免就自己不太肯定的事表态

>ItissaidthatJapan'sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.

据说战后日本的工业进步非常显著。

模块二1各时态的被动语态结构O

被动语态的基本结构为：bedone

请完成表格：（以do为例）

一般进行完成

现在

过去

将来

去

来

▼Attention，

含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must+be+done

>芝士蛋糕必须得趁冷吃。

Cheesecakecold.

★小试身手★

请用下面括号内单词的适当形式填空：

1)Aspeech(give)thisafternoon.

2)Theclassroom(clean)everyday.

3)Someeffectivemeasures(take)sincelastyear.

4)Mymother'sfavoritevase(break)yesterday.

5)Thebook(read)fourtimesbytheendoflastsemester.

6)Anamusementpark(build)inourcitynow.

7)Thetechniciantoldmethatmywatch(repair)in1hour.

8)Theproblem(discuss)thistimeyesterday.

9)Hesaidthathe(invite)totheparty.

10)Thousandsoftrees(plant)inthisareabytheendofthisyear.

11)Theclothesmay(deliver)tothepoorareanextmonth.

模块三1主动语态和被动语态的转换O

1.陈述句改为被动句

Stepl:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语

Step2:动词结构作相应变化（be+过去分词）

Step3:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）

Step4:其他照抄

>Hewasmakingamodelplane.

2.一般疑问句改为被动句

Stepkbe动词/情态动词/助动词放句首

Step2:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语

Step3:被动结构的其他成分

Step4:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）

Step5:其他照抄

>DidMike'steachergivemuchhomeworkyesterday?

3.特殊疑问句改为被动句

Stepl:特殊疑问词不变

Step2:be动词/情态动词/助动词提前

Step3:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语(主动语态特殊疑问词作宾语则这步

省略)

Step4:被动结构的其他成分

Step5:by+主动语态的主语(可省略)

Step6洪他照抄

>WhenwillJackfinishhishomework?

>WhatdidLinda'sfathermendlastnight?

Whatlastnight?

★小试身手★

请把下列句子变为被动句：

1)Iwassurepeoplewouldpunishhim.

2)Theymayopenanewschoolnextyear.

3)Cantheboypickupheavyweights?

4)Willyourmotherkissyouonyourweddingdaynextweek?

Willonyourweddingdaynextweek?

模块四1双宾语结构的被动转换O

双宾语结构的转换原则

Hegaveherarose.=Hegavearosetoher.

Arose.（物做主语有介词）

She.（人做主语无介词）

★小试身手★

请改写下列句子，保持句意不变：

1）MyfatherboughtmeaMiniCooper.

物做主语：

人做主语：

2）Thewaiterhasnotbroughtusthecoffee.

物做主语：'

人做主语：

▼Attention，

以下动词与介词to搭配

award,bring,give,hand,leave,lend,mail,play,post,promise,pass,read,return,

recommend（推荐）,sell,send,serve（招待）,show,sing,take,teach,tell,throw,write

以下动词与介词for搭配

boil,book,bring,build,buy,call,catch,change,choose,cook,cut,do,draw,fetch,find,

fix,gather,get,keep,leave,make,order,pick,prepare,reserve（预留）,sing,save

★小试身手★

请用括号里的词翻译句子：

1）这个房间是为史密斯一家预定的。（reserve）

2）你不要指望任何人能为了你而变化。（change）

模块五1不能使用被动语态的词和词组O

1.不及物动词及短语

出现死消失

躺升起同意

属于爆发由…组成

赶上发生

2.静态动词

变成有益于等于

失败包含缺少

持续意味着值…钱

适合

模块六常见主动语态表被动的词和词组

1.常见系动词：

smell,sound,taste,feel,look,seem,appear,prove

＞井水尝起来好甜。

＞Thewellwater这块丝绸布料摸起来很光滑。

2.Thissilk一些动词在主动表示被动时,通常和well等副词连用,这些动词存

clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride+well

＞这支笔很好写。

Thispen

＞这幅眼镜戴起来很舒服。

Thispairofglasses

3.用动名词的主动形式来代替被动，这类动词主要有：

want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/need/requiretobedone

＞孩子们需要照看。

Thechildren

＞你值得拥有这些奖励。

You

4.beworthdoingsth.某事值得做

＞Anythingworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

5.be+adj.+todo

当这个句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，我们一般用主动表被动。

Englishishardtolearn.(English是tolearn的逻辑宾语，所以不用被动。)

＞这本书很难跟上。(follow)

＞他说的话很容易理解。(Whathesaid)

模块七

1.某事被别人完成

＞你多久剪一次头发？

Howoftendoyou

2.某人的一种经历

＞我昨晚把手臂摔断了。

lyesterday.

★真题综合试炼支

1.（2023•四川乐山•统考中考真题）一Who飞thelittlegirlinthephoto?

——Ifsme.ThephotowhenIwasfiveyearsold.

A.tookB.wastakenC.istaken

2.（2022・辽宁抚顺•统考中考真题）It'ssaidthatthekiteinChinaover2000years

ago.

A.inventsB.inventedC.wasinventedD.isinvented

3.（2023•四川成都•统考中考真题）Agreatnumberofbeautifulflowersonthe

secondringroadinChengduthesedays.

A.plantB.areplantedC.areplanting

4.（2023•湖南岳阳•统考中考真题）ThepandaYaYabacktoChinaonApril27th,

2023.

A.isbroughtB.wasbroughtC.willbebrought

5.（2023•黑龙江齐齐哈尔•统考中考真题）一WhydotheelephantsinThailandhaveto

?

一Becausehumanstherecatchthemfortheirivorytomakemoney.

A.protectB.beprotectedC.areprotected

6.（2023•黑龙江绥化•统考中考真题）Thestudentshowtodoeyeexercisesjustnow.

A.wastaughtB.weretaughtC.taught

7.（2023•湖南株洲•统考中考真题）PandaYaYabacktoBeijingaboutthreeweeks

ago.

A.wasbroughtB.isbroughtC.brought

8.（2023・湖南怀化•统考中考真题）Thecakebythehungrystudentsquicklyyesterday.

A.eatsB.iseatenC.waseaten

9.（2022•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）一DoChinesepeoplelikeping-pongalot?

一Yes.Itbypeopleofallages.

A.playsB.isplayedC.playedD.wasplayed

10.（2023•北京•统考中考真题）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemore

kindsofflowerseveryyear.

A.areplantedB.wereplantedC.plantD.planted

11.（2022•吉林长春•统考中考真题）LiYantothewelcomepartyyesterday.

A.invitesB.isinvitedC.wasinvitedD.willinvite

12.（2022・湖北黄石•统考中考真题）一Doyouthinkjuniorhighschoolstudentsto

gettheirearspierced?

-No,Idon'tthinkso.Itisagainsttheschoolrules.

A.shouldallowB.allowC.haveallowedD.shouldbeallowed

13.（2022•江苏盐城•统考中考真题）SpudWebbatfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthe

didn'tloseheart.

A.refusesB.refusedC.wasrefusedD.willberefused

14.（2022•内蒙古呼和浩特•中考真题）Thesecond"TiangongLecture^^kickedoff!BingDwen

Dwenateachingtool!

A.isusedforB.wasusedforC.isusedasD.wasusedas

15.（2022•青海•统考中考真题）OurschoolheldthegraduationceremonylastFriday.Allthe

parentstocheerusup.

A.areinvitedB.wereinvitedC.willbeinvited

16.（2022•内蒙古•中考真题）一Whatamess!Thesharingbikeseverywhere.

一Lefscollectandputthemintherightplacesothattheycanbeusedconveniently.

A.throwB.threwC.isthrownD.arethrown

17.（2023•四川达州•统考中考真题）一Wouldyoumindtellingmeifhethemeeting

intwodays?

一Hewon't,unlesshe.

A.willattend,isinvitedB.attends,willbeinvitedC.willattend,invites

18.（2023•四川凉山•统考中考真题）一We9resoproudthatChinaisgettingstrongerand

stronger.

一Yes.Asyoucansee,Chinesebymoreandmoreforeigners.

A.learnsB.islearnedC.waslearned

19.（2023•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）Teaisverypopularintheworld.Itinmany

differentareasinChinanow.

A.producesB.producedC.isproducedD.wasproduced

20.（2023•江苏连云港•统考中考真题）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees

nextyear.

A.plantB.willplantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted

21.（2023・湖南郴州•统考中考真题）Manytreesandflowerseveryyeartomakeour

environmentmorebeautiful.

A.plantB.areplantedC.wereplanted

22.（2023・福建•统考中考真题）Moderntechnologiesinthe19AsianGamesin

September,2023.

A.wereusedB.areusingC.willbeused

23.（2023・湖北孝感•统考中考真题）一HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?

一Ofcourse.Chinesebymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldnowadays.

A.spokeB.isspokenC.speaksD.wasspoken

24.（2023•黑龙江•统考中考真题）Manyresearchlabsinthefuturetodevelop

scienceandtechnologyinChina.

A.arebuildingB.willbebuiltC.werebuilt

25.（2023・湖北鄂州•统考中考真题）一WhatlanguageinGermany?

一MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.

A.speakB.isspokenC.isspeakingD.speaks

26.（2023•吉林•统考中考真题）一Theenvironmentofthistownisbetternow.

一Thafsbecaus