2024年高考考前押题密卷英语 02（新高考九省卷）（全解全析）

年高考考前押题密卷（新高考九省专用）英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Clothes. B．Aplant. C．Aseason.【答案】C【原文】M:It’sonlythirteendegreesCelsius.You’dbetterwearlongsleevedclothes.W:OK,ohlook,themapleleaveshaveturnedredandsomeofthetreesarealreadybeginningtodroptheirleaves.M:Yes,fallingleavesarethefirstsignsofautumn.2．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Thecomputerisoutofdate.B．Thecomputerisvirus-infected.C．Thecomputerneedsclearing.【答案】C【原文】M:MYComputeriswaytooslow.IOnlyboughtitacoupleofyearsago.W:Maybeitjustneedstobecleanedup.Thecomputerrepairmancangetridofanyfilesthatyoudon’tneedanymore.3．Whathasthewomanprobablylost?A．Herticket. B．Herhandbag. C．Herpassport.【答案】B【原文】W:Ijustputitdownonthattableofthecafethereforaminute.M:Canyoudescribeit,madam?W:It’snotverybig.Allmytraveldocumentsandcreditcardsareinit.Yousee,myflightisjustabouttoboard.4．HowwillDavidgettotheclub?A．Bycar. B．Bytrain. C．Bybike.【答案】B【原文】W:David’sgoingtomeetusattheclubaroundsix.M:Good.Howwillhegetthere?Idon’tthinkdrivingisagoodchoiceintherushhour.W:Davidsaidhewilltaketheunderground.Whataboutus?M:Let’sgobybike.5．WhydoesthewomanwanttocallHarry?A．ToinviteHarrytogoout.B．ToborrowabikefromHarry.C．Toknowthebestplacetoride.【答案】C【原文】W:Howaboutgoingforabikeride?M:Sure.Where?W:Let’scallHarry.Hecantellusthebestplacetogo.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．Howdoesthemanchooseclassesaccordingtothewoman?A．Byskilllevel. B．Byage. C．Byheight.7．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．Dosometraining.B．Introducesomemartialarts.C．ArrangeaTaiChiobservationclass.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:Hello,thankyouforcallingtheBaseGym.Howcanhelpyou?M:Hi,aminterestedinsigningupforaTaichiclass.W:Okay.WehavefourdifferentclassesforTaichi.Itdependsonyourskilllevel.Haveyouhadanyexperiencebefore?M:No,IWillbeabeginner.I’veneverdoneanytypesofmartialartsbefore.Ijustwanttotrysomethingdif-ferent.DoyouhaveaclasscouldjustwatchtoseeifIWouldlikeit?W:Yes,IcansetupatimeforYoutomeetourtrainer.HisnameisMike.HehasaclassonThursdaynightforbeginners.M:Well,thatsoundsnice.Thankyou.【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．Whatwerethespeakersdoingjustnow?A．Rushingforataxi. B．Enjoyingaconcert. C．Waitingforabus.9．Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A．Gohomeonfoot. B．Phoneherparents. C．GetaliftfromMax.【答案】8．B9．C【原文】M:Look,thebushasjustgone.Whatshallwedonow?W:Weshouldhavelefttheconcerthalfanhourearlier.It’sgoingtobedifficulttofindataxiatthistime.We’llhavetogohomeonfoot.M:You’dbetterphoneyourparents.Youknowhowstricttheyare.W:You’reright.Oh,look,there’sMax.Perhapshe’lltakeushomeinhiscar.M:Buthiscaristoosmall.There’sonlyroomforone,I’mafraid.W:Sorry,Jeff!Butyouknowhowitis:yourmomanddadarenotasstrictasmine.Bye,Jeff.Hi,Max…M:Sara!【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】10．Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A．HetalkedwithSusan. B．HevisitedLosAngeles. C．Hehadaninterview.11．WhydoesthemanwanttogotoLosAngeles?A．Tohaveachange. B．TosatisfySusan. C．Tomakenewfriends.12．WhatistherelationshipbetweenthemanandSusan?A．Teacherandstudent. B．Fatheranddaughter. C．Interviewerandinterviewee.【答案】10．C11．A12．B【原文】W:HaveyoufoundanewjobinLosAngeles?M:No,butIwentforaninterviewyesterdayandtheyweresatisfiedwithme.W:Areyousureyouwilltakethejobiftheygiveyoutheoffer?M:Yes.Ineedachange.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?M:Almostfiveyears.Susanhasmadealotoffriendsinschoolhere.Shewillmissthem.W:Butthinkaboutit.SheisalittlegirlandshecanmakenewfriendsinLosAngeles.M:Yes,sohermotherandIhopeshecanknowitinadvance.Sheneedssometimetoadjusttoit,W:Youareaconsideratefather.M:Thankyou.SoIwilltellheraboutit.Ihopeshecanacceptit.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．Whoistheman?A．Ahost. B．Afarmer. C．Abusinessman.14．WhydidthewomanstarttheFoodExchange?A．Tosavemoney. B．Toavoidwastingfood. C．Tobringpeopletogether.15．WhereistheFoodExchange?A．Inasupermarket. B．Inabackyard. C．Bytheroadside.16．WhatdoesthewomanbringtotheFoodExchange?A．Jam. B．Driedfruit. C．Freshvegetables.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．A【原文】M:Welcometotoday’sprogram.WehaveLisaGayewithus.Goodmorning,Lisa.W:Morning,everyone!M:YourFoodExchangereallytakesourtownbystormthesedays,Lisa.About1,000peopleintownhavejoinedit.Wheredidyougetthisbrilliantidea?W:Well,myneighborhasplentyofvegetablesinherbackyard.Sheoftensharesthemwithme,ortheymaygobad.So,Icameupwiththeideaofstartingafoodexchange.Inthisway,peoplecansharefoodwitheachother.Nofoodwillgotowaste.M:Niceone!We’veheardthattheFoodExchangewasbuiltbytheroadside,right?W:Yeah.Actually,it’sjustasimplewoodenstand.Peoplebringtheirhome-grownvegetablesandfruitsthereandtakehomewhattheywant.Andthey’reexpectedtopostavideoorsomephotosontheirsocialmedia.Thus,othersknowwhathasbeenaddedortaken.M:Whataboutthosepeoplewhodon’tgrowanything?W:Ha-ha,I’moneofthosepeople.Iusuallytakesomefreshfruit,jamordriedvegetablesthere.【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．HowdidthespeakerknowaboutthejobattheTVstation?A．Fromafriend. B．Fromapost. C．Fromashop.18．Whichprogramisthespeakerworkingon?A．CountryFile. B．HomeCooking. C．BargainHunt.19．Whatdoesthespeakerfindmostdifficult?A．Adaptingastoryforthefilm.B．Workingatnight. C．Dealingwiththemusic.20．Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A．Sheispositive. B．Sheischangeable. C．Sheispessimistic.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．A【原文】W:AsalittlegirlIdreamedofgettingintofilming.Iworkedinashopjustaftergraduation.Thenafriendgotmeatemporaryjobforacompanydoingfilms.OnedayIsawapostforapersontobearunnerworkingforaTVprogramme.Ithoughtthatwasaperfectopportunity.IwasdelightedwhenIgotit.NowI’vebeenadirectorforabouttwelveyears.I’vedoneanumberofdifferentprogramslikebargainhuntandhomecooking.ButatthemomentI’mworkingonanatureprogrammecalledcountryfile.Thehardestpartofthejobisgettingthemusictogether.Whenyoufindapieceofmusicthatgoeswiththefilm,thenyoucreatetherightatmosphereandittotallybringsthefilmalive.TherearesomuchvarietyinmyjobandI’malwayslearningaboutnewthings.LastyearIdidawritingcourse.Itreallymadesensetome.Notlongago,Ididafilmaboutsomerarebirdsandwehadtousenewtechnologytofilmatnight.Iprefertolearnfromexperiencebytryingsomethingout.Itrynewthingstodiscovermypotentialandtrytoadjustmyselftothesocialenvironmentandimprovemyselfstepbystep.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’snotlikeanywhereelseI’vebeento:readers’favouritecities.Bologna,ItalyWhenIpictureBologna,it’salwaysbathedingolden-hourlightthatmakesitsrust-redwallsglow.Butwhatliesbeneaththesurfacebewitches(迷人)justasmuch.Exploringthesmallanddistinctivemuseumsoftheuniversityrevealsancientcourtyards.Divingintohiddendoorsandarchesleadstosecrets-orfood.Musicanddebateliveneveningsinthemainsquare.OnmylasttripIwatchedlocalsinimpassioneddiscussion,takingturnsonstools(凳子)inPiazzaMaggiore.NottrustingmyItalian,Ideclinedaninvitationtocontribute,butgladlyacceptedthecherriessharedamongthecrowd.SiobhanMaherMelilla,Spain/NorthAfricaMelilla,onMorocco’snortherncoast,isarelicofSpain’scolonialpastwithacharacterdeterminedbyitsgeography.FacingtheMediterraneanononesideandtheRifmountainsontheother,andsurroundedbyaterrifyingborderfence,itisdefinitivelymulticultural,withChristian,Muslim,JewishandHinducommunitieslivingsidebysidewithalargeforceofSpanishsoldiers.Thecityscapeisequallydiverse:streetsofsmallMoroccanhousesgivewaytowideavenueslinedwith“artdeco”marvels;it’sevenhometoAfrica’sonlygenuineGothicchurch.DigbyWarde-AldamPadua,ItalyPaduaisfulloffascinatingplacestosee.SaintAnthony’sBasilica,withamagnificentsilversarcophagus(石棺)housingthesaint’sbody,easilyrivals(媲美)SaintPeter’sinRome.Thenearbybotanicalgardens,filledwithplantsandflowers,areadelightfulwaytopassafewhours.Inthemorning,hitPiazzadellaFruttaandPiazzadelleErbe,forbuzzymarketssellingeverythingfromstrawberriestosneakers,orpopintothePalazzodellaRagionewithitsimpressivefrescoes(壁画).Atnight,bothsquaresbecomeopen-airbarsandrestaurantsforsamplinglocalcuisine.Ifyouhavetimeforadaytrip,VeronaandVenicearelessthananhourawaybytrain.BerniG21．WhatdidSiobhanMaherdoinBologna?A．Shedrewlandscapepaintings. B．Shewanderedinoldcourtyards.C．Sheparticipatedinheateddebate. D．Sheboughthand-pickedcherries.22．WhatdoweknowaboutMelillaaccordingtoDigby?A．ItboaststhelargestGothicchurch. B．ItisthecenterofMoroccanculture.C．ItisborderedbytheMediterranean. D．ItisahistoricalcityinEuropeancontinent.23．WhatdoBolognaandPaduahaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A．Livelynightlife. B．Splendidgardens.C．Open-airmusicconcerts. D．Convenienttransportation.【答案】21．B22．C23．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。三位读者分别介绍了各自最喜爱的旅行目的地。21．细节理解题。根据Bologna,Italy部分中“Exploringthesmallanddistinctivemuseumsoftheuniversityrevealsancientcourtyards.(探索这所大学的小而有特色的博物馆，可以发现古老的庭院)”可知，西沃恩·马赫在博洛尼亚在古老的庭院里闲逛。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据Melilla,Spain/NorthAfrica部分中“FacingtheMediterraneanononesideandtheRifmountainsontheother,andsurroundedbyaterrifyingborderfence,itisdefinitivelymulticultural,withChristian,Muslim,JewishandHinducommunitieslivingsidebysidewithalargeforceofSpanishsoldiers.(它一边面对地中海，另一边面对里夫山脉，被可怕的边界围栏包围，它绝对是一个多元文化的国家，基督教、穆斯林、犹太教和印度教社区与大量西班牙士兵并肩生活)”可知，梅利利亚与地中海毗邻。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据Bologna,Italy部分中“Musicanddebateliveneveningsinthemainsquare.(晚上在主广场上有音乐和辩论)”和Padua,Italy部分中“Atnight,bothsquaresbecomeopen-airbarsandrestaurantsforsamplinglocalcuisine.(到了晚上，两个广场都变成了露天酒吧和餐厅，供人们品尝当地美食)”可知，博洛尼亚和帕多瓦的共同之处是热闹的夜生活。故选A。BLastsummeratabookstore,mysonHenrywasfascinatedbythecoverofthefirstnovelfromPeterBrown’smiddle-gradetrilogy(三部曲).Hethenfinisheditinjusttwodays.“Dad,whydidTheWildRobothavetobesosad?”Hetearfullyaskedme.Thestoryissetonaremoteisland,wherearobotnamedRozlearnstosurviveandcommunicatewiththeisland’screatures,andbecomespartofthecommunity.Formyson,itwasthefirstbookhediscoveredonhisown;thefirsttoimpacthimwiththemixoftragedy(悲剧)andjoy.WhenIfinishedthebook,IknewwhyHenrylovedit.Inourbookclubdiscussion,hedescribedhowBrown’spicturesandwordshadmadethestoryfeelreal.Whentalkingaboutitsfinalscenes,whereRozleavestofindrepairsforherinjuredbody,Henrycriedagain.Hispreviousreadingexperienceshadcheerful,“happily-ever-after”endings,butthisbookintroducedhimtothebeautyofcomplexemotions.Itriedtoexplainhowsadnesscanenhancethemeaningofhappymoments,butfailedtofullyconvincehim.Onceourdiscussionended,HenryrequestedtobuyTheWildRobotEscapesandinstantlyfellinlovewithit.Hereadthefirsttwobooksrepeatedly,soyoucanimaginehisexcitementwhenwefinallygotacopyofTheWildRobotProtects.Webothagreeitisworththewait.Rozleavestheislandagaintostopanunderwaterthreat:“thepoisontide.”Brownexpertlybalancesbetweenbreathtakingadventureandunsettlingideas-notjusthappinessandsadness,butalso,giventheclimate-changeundercurrents,hopeanddespair.And,here’ssomethingspecialaboutRoz:herphysicalclumsinessandconfusionaboutlife,conveyedthroughherexpressiveeyesanddownturnedmouth.Herstoryreflectsthechallengesofsurvivinginastrangeplace,muchlikeachild’sjourney.ReadersloveRoz.Theylearnfromher.Evenbetter,theylearnalongsideher.RozgaveHenrythepowertopushthroughthefirstbook’ssadparts,gettinghimreadytoappreciatethat,sometimes,sadnessisn’tabadthingtofeel.24．WhatdrovetheauthortoreadTheWildRobot?A．Itstragicending. B．Henry’stearfulrecommendation.C．Itsattractivecover. D．Henry’semotionalresponsetoit.25．WhatisonethemeofTheWildRobolProtects?A．Familyandcommunity. B．Concernsofglobalissues.C．Explorationoftheocean. D．Man-robotrelationship.26．WhatmakesRozinthetrilogyspecial?A．Herchildlikeexpressions. B．Herroboticpower.C．Herstrugglingexperiences. D．Heradventurousspirit.27．Whichmessagedoesthistextseemtocommunicate?A．Misfortuneinspiresgreatliteraryworks. B．Robotstoriesworklikemagiconchildren.C．Bookdiscussionshelpkidssurvivetragedies. D．Readingliteraturefacilitatespersonalgrowth.【答案】24．D25．B26．C27．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读了《荒岛机器人》后，被故事内容所打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并感悟到悲伤如何能增强快乐时刻的意义以及悲伤也可以让人成长。24．细节理解题。根据第一段““Dad,whydidTheWildRobothavetobesosad?”Hetearfullyaskedme.(“爸爸，为什么《荒岛机器人》读起来这么悲伤？”他含泪问我)”以及第三段“WhenIfinishedthebook,IknewwhyHenrylovedit.(当我读完这本书的时候，我知道亨利为什么喜欢它了)”可知，亨利对此的情绪反应促使作者阅读《野机器人》。故选D。25．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Brownexpertlybalancesbetweenbreathtakingadventureandunsettlingideas-notjusthappinessandsadness,butalso,giventheclimate-changeundercurrents,hopeanddespair.(布朗熟练地在惊险的冒险和令人不安的想法之间取得平衡——不仅是快乐和悲伤，而且考虑到气候变化的暗流，还有希望和绝望。)”可知，《荒岛机器人》的主题是对全球问题的关注。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Herstoryreflectsthechallengesofsurvivinginastrangeplace,muchlikeachild’sjourney.(她的故事反映了在一个陌生的地方生存的挑战，就像一个孩子的旅程)”可知，三部曲中的罗兹特别之处在于她的奋斗经历。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“RozgaveHenrythepowertopushthroughthefirstbook’ssadparts,gettinghimreadytoappreciatethat,sometimes,sadnessisn’tabadthingtofeel.(罗兹给了亨利读完第一本书悲伤部分的力量，让他准备好去欣赏，有时候，悲伤并不是一件坏事)”结合文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读了一本书《荒岛机器人》后，被故事内容所打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并感悟到悲伤如何能增强快乐时刻的意义以及悲伤也可以让人成长。可推知，这篇文章想表达的是阅读文学作品有助于个人成长。故选D。CWhenIwasagraduatestudent,myco-workersandIwerewonderinghowlosingonenightofsleepaffectsaperson'sabilitytomanagetheiremotions.Onceaweek,typicallyonFridayevening,wewouldstayupallnighttomonitorourparticipantsandensuretheyfollowedtheexperimentalplan.Ataboutnoonthenextday,wewouldallgooutofthelab,wornoatandeagertogethomeandrest.Twomonthsintotheexperiment,Iwasinmycaratatrafficlightwhenasillylovesongstartedplayingontheradio.Suddenly,Icrieduncontrollably.Irememberfeelingsurprisedatmyreaction.ItthenhitmethatIwasnotjuststudyingsleepdeprivation(睡眠剥夺)—Ihadbecomepartofthestudy.Weeksofmissedsleephadcausedharm,andIwasnolongerincontrolofmyemotions.

Thatresearchprojectprovedastrongconnectionbetweengoodsleepandemotionalhealth.Inhealthyindividuals,good-qualitysleepislinkedwithamorepositivemood——andittakesjustonenightofsleepdeprivationtocauseanxietyanddepressionthefollowingmorning.Moreover,peoplewhosufferfromlong-termsleepdeprivationtendtoexperiencedailyeventsmorenegatively.Fordecadesresearchersandmedicalprofessionalshaveconsideredsleeplossaby-productorsymptom(症状)ofdepressionoranxiety.Inotherwords,firstcomestheanxiety,andthensleeploss.Todayweknowthatthisordercanbereversed.Muchevidenceshowsthatpeoplewhosufferfrominsomnia(失眠症)areatleasttwiceaslikelytodevelopdepressionoranxietylaterinlife,comparedwithindividualswhosleepwell.Steppingback,wecanfindthatmentalandemotionalhealthrelyonadelicatebalance.Asinglesleeplessnightcanthereforedodamage.Thescienceofsleepandmentalhealthsuggeststhatfailingtoaddresstheproblemsthatpreventpeoplefromgettingenoughrestwillleavepeopleeasilyhurtinmind.28．Whatistheauthor’sresearchmainlyabout?A．Factorsthataffectemotions. B．Thedamageofsleepdeprivation.C．Waystoimprovementalhealth. D．Thelinkbetweensleepandemotions.29．Howwastheresearchconducted?A．Byreferringtopreviousresearch. B．Bymakingresearchersthesubjects.C．Bydoingexperimentsonparticipants. D．Byincludingmusicintheprocess.30．Whydidtheauthorburstintotears?A．Thelovesongwassotouching. B．Theresearchwastoostressful.C．Shemissedherfamilytoomuch. D．Shewasseverelylackinginsleep.31．Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“reversed”inparagraph5?A．Disclosed. B．Switched. C．Identified. D．Arranged.【答案】28．D29．C30．D31．B【导语】本文是说明文，几十年来，研究认为抑郁或焦虑导致了睡眠不足，但是现在的研究表明，很可能是失眠导致了抑郁或焦虑的产生。28．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“myco-workersandIwerewonderinghowlosingonenightofsleepaffectsaperson’sabilitytomanagetheiremotions.(我的同事和我想知道一夜不睡会如何影响一个人管理自己情绪的能力。)”及第四段中的“Thatresearchprojectprovedastrongconnectionbetweengoodsleepandemotionalhealth.(研究证明了高质量睡眠与情感健康之间的关系。)”可知，作者的研究是关于睡眠与情绪之间的联系的。故选D。29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Onceaweek,typicallyonFridayevening,wewouldstayupallnighttomonitorourparticipantsandensuretheyfollowedtheexperimentalplan.(每周一次，通常是在周五晚上，我们会彻夜监视参与者，确保他们遵守实验计划。)”可知，作者和她的同事们通常会在每周五的晚上通宵监督实验的参与者，确保他们遵守了实验计划。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Suddenly,Icrieduncontrollably.(突然，我情不自禁地哭了起来。)”和“ItthenhitmethatIwasnotjuststudyingsleepdeprivation—Ihadbecomepartofthestudy.Weeksofmissedsleephadcausedharm,andIwasnolongerincontrolofmyemotions.(然后我突然意识到，我不仅仅是在研究睡眠不足——我已经成为了这项研究的一部分。几周的失眠造成了伤害，我再也无法控制自己的情绪了。)”可知，极度缺乏睡眠导致作者无法控制情绪而哭泣。故选D。31．词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Fordecadesresearchersandmedicalprofessionalshaveconsideredsleeplossaby-productorsymptomofdepressionoranxiety.Inotherwords,firstcomestheanxiety,andthensleeploss.(几十年来，研究人员和医学专业人士一直认为睡眠不足是抑郁或焦虑的副产品或症状。换句话说，首先是焦虑，然后是睡眠不足。)”可知，研究认为先有焦虑，后有睡眠不足；根据划线词后面的“Muchevidenceshowsthatpeoplewhosufferfrominsomniaareatleasttwiceaslikelytodevelopdepressionoranxietylaterinlife,comparedwithindividualswhosleepwell.(大量证据表明，患有失眠症的人在以后的生活中抑郁或焦虑的可能性至少是睡眠良好的人的两倍。)”可知，研究表明很可能失眠导致了抑郁或焦虑的产生，因此划线词所在句应意为“如今我们知道这个顺序可能是颠倒的”，即划线词意为“颠倒的”，则switched(对调的，调换的)与划线词含义最为接近。故选B。DIntheSeychellesarchipelago(塞舌尔群岛)inEastAfrica,floodinganderosion(侵蚀)causedbyrisingsealevelposeanincomingthreattothecountry’smanylow-lyingislands.Atthesametimeitsmangroveforests(红树林),whichserveasavitalaspectagainsttheseimpacts,aredisappearing:Approximately70%ofSeychellesmangroveshavebeendestroyedsincethelate1700sduetohuman-drivendevelopmentandagricultureaswellassoilerosionfromsea-levelrise.TodaytheSeychellesGovernmentisworkingwithlocalcommunityleaderstorestorethemangroves,andnotjustforprotectionagainstrisingsealevel.Researchshowsthattheseforestscanstoreabout2.5milliontonnesofCO2(equaltotaking500,000carsofftheroadforayear),directlyhelpingtofightclimatechange.Theyalsoprovideabreedinggroundforfisheries,asectorthatcontributesone-fifthofthecountry’sGDP,benefitinglocalcommunities’livelihoodandhelpingtoprotecttheislands’livelybiodiversity(多样性).Whiletheconceptofusingnaturetobenefitbothlivesandlandsisbynomeansnew,globalinterestin“nature-basedsolutions”hasskyrocketedinrecentyears.Manynowseenature-basedsolutionsasakeyapproachforaddressingnotonlyclimatechangebutarangeofsocial,environmentalandeconomicchallenges—frombiodiversityloss,foodsecurityandairpollutiontodiseasecontrolanddeclininglocaleconomies.Yetthereremainswidespreaddebateaboutwhatexactlyconstitutesanature-basedsolutionaswellashowtobestincludethesestrategiesintobroaderclimateandconservationefforts.Thisindeterminationhascontributedtosignificantunder-investment:It’sestimatedthattolimittemperaturerisetobelow1.5degreesC(degreesF),holdbackbiodiversitylossandcontrollanddegradation(恶化),annualinvestmentsinnature-basedapproachesmustbethreetimesby2030.Asnature-basedsolutionscontinuetoriseontheglobalagenda,buildingamoreconsistentunderstandingaroundtheconceptanditsimplicationswillbekeytoraisingsupportforeffective,extensivesolutionsthatbenefitbothpeopleandtheplanet.32．Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsfocuson?A．ThediversityofeconomyinEastAfrican.B．TheenvironmentalprotectioninEastAfrica.C．ThedisappearanceofmangrovesinEastAfrica.D．Theoperationofnature-basedsolutionsinEastAfrica.33．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribenature-basedsolutions?A．Novel. B．Effective. C．Ruinous. D．Uncertain.34．Whatistheaimofthenature-basedsolutionsin2030?A．500,000carsaretakenofftheroad.B．Yearlyinvestmentincreasesbydouble.C．Thetemperatureriseislimitedtobelow2.7℃.D．Aconferenceonnature-basedsolutionsisheld.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatExactlyAreNature-basedSolutions?B．WhyAreNature-basedSolutionsontheRise?C．HowCanNature-basedSolutionsHelpFightClimateChange?D．WhatArethePotentialWeaknessesofNature-basedSolutions?【答案】32．D33．D34．B35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要阐述全球对“基于自然的解决方案”的兴趣急剧上升的原因以及对此相关的争论。32．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“IntheSeychellesarchipelago(塞舌尔群岛)inEastAfrica,floodinganderosion(侵蚀)causedbyrisingsealevelposeanincomingthreattothecountry’smanylow-lyingislands.Atthesametimeitsmangroveforests(红树林),whichserveasavitalaspectagainsttheseimpacts,aredisappearing(在东非的塞舌尔群岛，海平面上升引起的洪水和侵蚀(侵蚀)对该国许多低洼岛屿构成了即将到来的威胁。与此同时，作为抵御这些影响的重要方面的红树林正在消失)”和第二段的“TodaytheSeychellesGovernmentisworkingwithlocalcommunityleaderstorestorethemangroves,andnotjustforprotectionagainstrisingsealevel.(今天，塞舌尔政府正在与当地社区领导人合作，恢复红树林，而不仅仅是为了防止海平面上升)”可知，第一、二段主要告诉我们，东非的塞舌尔群岛的红树林正在消失，当今，塞舌尔政府正在与当地社区领导人合作，恢复红树林，即这两段主要阐述东非塞舌尔群岛正在基于自然实施解决方案。故选D项。33．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Yetthereremainswidespreaddebateaboutwhatexactlyconstitutesanature-basedsolutionaswellashowtobestincludethesestrategiesintobroaderclimateandconservationefforts.(然而，关于什么是基于自然的解决方案，以及如何最好地将这些策略纳入更广泛的气候和保护工作，仍然存在广泛的争论)”以及第二句中的关键词“indetermination(不确定性)”可知，关于什么是“基于自然的解决方案”，以及如何最好地将这些策略纳入更广泛的气候和环保工作当中，仍然存在广泛的争论，即“基于自然的解决方案”目前具有不确定性。故选D项。34．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“annualinvestmentsinnature-basedapproachesmustbethreetimesby2030.(到2030年，对基于自然的方法的年度投资必须增加三倍)”可知，到2030年基于自然的解决方案的目标是年度投资必须增加两倍。故选B项。35．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段的“Whiletheconceptofusingnaturetobenefitbothlivesandlandsisbynomeansnew,globalinterestin“nature-basedsolutions”hasskyrocketedinrecentyears.Manynowseenature-basedsolutionsasakeyapproachforaddressingnotonlyclimatechangebutarangeofsocial,environmentalandeconomicchallenges—frombiodiversityloss,foodsecurityandairpollutiontodiseasecontrolanddeclininglocaleconomies.(虽然利用自然造福生命和土地的概念并不新鲜，但近年来，全球对“基于自然的解决方案”的兴趣急剧上升。许多人现在认为，基于自然的解决方案不仅是应对气候变化的关键途径，也是应对一系列社会、环境和经济挑战的关键途径——从生物多样性丧失、粮食安全和空气污染，到疾病控制和地方经济衰。)”并结合第一和第二段的举例可知，本文主要阐述了全球对“基于自然的解决方案”的兴趣为什么急剧上升。因此B项“为什么基于自然的解决方案在增加”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We’reluckytoliveinanagewhenthesumtotalofhumanknowledgeisprettyavailableattheclickofabutton.We’veneverhadaccesstosomuchinformation.36.Sohereareafewstrategiestosharpenyourcriticalthinking.Watchoutforconfirmationprejudice(偏见).37.Inrepeatedexperiments,psychologistshaveshownwe’remuchmorelikelytoacceptsomethingasevidenceifitconfirmswhatwealreadythinkweknow.Andwe’remuchmorelikelytoignoreinformationifitisnotinlinewithourviews,whichwillaffectourabilitytoprocessinformation.Acknowledgesmalldifferences.Inlife,mostsituationsarevaryingandcomplicated.Admittingthatcanenrichthewaythatweviewtheworld.Forexample,whatcolouristhesky?Well,theobviousanswerisblue.Butatsunriseorsunset,itcanbered.Onacoldmistymorning,whiteorgray.38.Practiseintellectualhumility(谦逊).Oneapproachto,well,arguing,istoletgooftheideaofbeing“right”.Oratleastseriouslyconsiderthatyoumightactuallybewrong.39.Reallytrytounderstandwheretheotherpersoniscomingfrom.Arguingisjusttowastesomebody’stime.40.It’smoreimportantthanevertoknowwhereyourinformationiscomingfrom.Thatscience-lookingparagraphsmightlookveryconvincinguntilyoudigalittledeeperandfinditwasjustpostedbysomeonehavingnoqualifications.Thatisthecaseweshouldnotoverlook.Engagingincriticalthinkingisn’tasfunaspickingupapitchfork,orfeelinglikeyou’refundamentallyright.Butinthelongrun,itleadstoamorecurious,educatedandharmonioussociety,whichisthebiggestwinofall.A．AvoidmistakesB．CheckyoursourcesC．Weallenjoyfeelinglikewe’rerightD．Butnotallofwhat’soutthereisquitewhatitseemsE．SopayattentiontodifferencesinmanysituationsF．Sodon’trushtodecide,andbeactivelypreparedtochangeyourmindG．Puttingyourselfintotheotherperson’sshoescanhavemorefruitfuloutcomes【答案】36．D37．C38．E39．G40．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了增强批判性思维的几个策略。36．上文“We’reluckytoliveinanagewhenthesumtotalofhumanknowledgeisprettyavailableattheclickofabutton.(我们很幸运地生活在一个只需点击一下按钮就可以获得人类知识总量的时代)”说明我们生活在一个信息量大而且获取信息非常容易的时代。下文“Sohereareafewstrategiestosharpenyourcriticalthinking.(因此，这里有一些策略可以增强你的批判性思维)”说明要采取策略提高批判性思维，D项“但并不是所有东西都和表面看起来一样”与上文构成转折关系，承接下文，符合题意。故选D。37．上文“Watchoutforconfirmationprejudice.(谨防确认偏见)”说明要防止偏见。下文“Inrepeatedexperiments,psychologistshaveshownwe’remuchmorelikelytoacceptsomethingasevidenceifitconfirmswhatwealreadythinkweknow.(在重复的实验中，心理学家表明，如果某件事证实了我们已经知道的东西，我们就更有可能接受它作为证据)”说明对于已经知道的东西，我们就更可能接受它是对的，C项“我们都喜欢感觉自己是对的”引出下文，符合题意。故选C。38．上文“Acknowledgesmalldifference.Inlife